Clinical Neuropsychologist最新文献

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2432747","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2432747","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-language testing improves bilinguals' verbal scores.","authors":"Mercedes Fernandez, Maria Alejandra Chavez, Erika dlRM Cabrera Ranaldi, Samruddhi Ayachit, Melissa Friedman","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2353409","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2353409","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Research demonstrates that college educated, English language dominant bilinguals underperform relative to English speaking monolinguals on tests of verbal ability. We investigated whether accepting responses in their two languages would reveal improved performance in bilinguals, and whether such improvement would be of sufficient magnitude to demonstrate the same performance level as monolinguals. <b>Method:</b> Participants were college students attending the same university. Spanish-English bilinguals were compared to English speaking monolinguals on the Bilingual Verbal Ability Tests (BVAT), which include <i>Picture Vocabulary</i>, <i>Oral Vocabulary</i>, and <i>Verbal Analogies</i>. <b>Results:</b> When given the opportunity to respond in Spanish to items failed in English, bilinguals obtained significantly higher scores on all three subtests, and their performance matched that of monolinguals on <i>Oral Vocabulary</i> and <i>Verbal Analogies</i>. <b>Conclusion:</b> An \"either-language\" scoring approach may enable optimal measurement of verbal abilities in bilinguals. We provide normative data for use in applying the either-language scoring approach on subtests of the BVAT. We discuss the findings in the context of clinical assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"117-128"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140915673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of text difficulty and visual emphasis on pediatric neuropsychological evaluation reports: The parent's perspective.","authors":"Melissa Gerstle, Julia Fleming Beattie, James Peugh, Thea L Quinton, Anne Bradley, Brenna LeJeune, Dean W Beebe","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2366018","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2366018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Despite varying opinions, little research has examined how to best write pediatric neuropsychology reports. <b>Method:</b> This study gathered input from 230 parents on how text difficulty (reading level) and visual emphasis (bullets, underline, italics) affect report readability and utility. We focused on the most-read report section: summary/impressions. Each parent rated the readability and usefulness of a generic summary/impressions section written in four different styles. The four styles crossed text difficulty (high school-vs-collegiate) with use of visual emphasis (absent-vs-present). <b>Results:</b> Parents found versions with easier text to be more clearly written, easier to follow, and easier to find information (<i>p</i><.001). Parents rated those with harder text to be overly detailed, complex, hard to understand, and hard to read (<i>p</i><.001). Visual emphasis made it easier to find key information and the text easier to follow and understand - but primarily for versions that were written in difficult text (interaction <i>p</i>≤.026). After rating all four styles, parents picked their preference. They most often picked versions written in easier text with visual emphasis (<i>p</i><.001). <b>Conclusions:</b> Findings support writing styles that use easier text difficulty and visual emphasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"17-36"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141433433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships between cognitive flexibility performance and adaptive behavior outcomes in survivors of pediatric brain tumor.","authors":"Kylie A Szymanski, Jordan E Pincus, Tricia Z King","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2361967","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2361967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>: Survivors of pediatric brain tumors are at increased risk of executive function (EF) and adaptive behavior difficulties. While previous research suggests that executive dysfunction impacts suboptimal adaptive outcomes, the specific elements of EF influencing this relationship remain unexplored. This study examines the relationship between cognitive flexibility and adaptive behavior in survivors compared to healthy controls. <b>Methods</b>: 86 survivors (<i>M</i>_age(<i>SD</i>)=23.41(4.24), 44 females) and 86 controls (<i>M</i>_age(<i>SD</i>)=23.09(4.50), 44 females) completed the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System Trail Making Test (TMT) and Verbal Fluency Test (VFT). The Letter-Number Sequencing (LNS) and Category Switching (CS) conditions were isolated as measures of cognitive flexibility. Informants provided responses to obtain adaptive behavior ratings using the Scales of Independent Behavior-Revised (SIB-R). Linear regressions explored relationships between cognitive flexibility and SIB-R scores in survivors compared to controls. <b>Results</b>: For both TMT and VFT, the relationship between cognitive flexibility and adaptive behavior was significantly different between survivors and controls for SIB-R scores in Social Communication, Community Living, and Personal Living Skills (<i>p</i><.0125). Survivors' better LNS performance predicted greater SIB-R scores across the same 3 domains (all <i>p</i>= <.001, <i>r</i>²semipartial=.08). Similarly, survivors' better CS performance predicted greater SIB-R scores across the same 3 domains (<i>p</i> = 0.002 to .02, <i>r</i>²semipartial =.03 to .04). No significant relationships were found in controls (all <i>p</i> >.05). After adjusting for working memory and inhibitory control, most relationships remained significant in survivors (<i>p</i>= <.001 to .046, <i>r</i>²semipartial=.02 to .08). <b>Conclusion</b>: These findings reveal a robust, positive relationship between cognitive flexibility performance and adaptive behaviors specific to survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"129-158"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141472830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-stratified norms for Raven's standard progressive matrices for Sri Lankan adults.","authors":"Tharaka L Dassanayake, Dewasmika I Ariyasinghe, Anuradha Baminiwatta, Chandana Hewawasam","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2370908","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2370908","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to create age-stratified norms for the Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices (SPM) for Sri Lankan adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A sample of 610 adults (age: 18-72 years; education: 1-19 years), underwent the 60-item version of the SPM under individual supervision of a test administrator. The sample was stratified into 5-year age bands, and the norms are presented as percentile tables and percentile curves.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The age-related changes were more accurately predicted by a curvilinear model (overall <i>R</i>² = 0.961) than a linear regression model (<i>R</i>² = 0.639). The SPM norms are presented as age-stratified percentile tables, as well as sex-, age- and education-adjusted multiple regression equations. The highest percentiles in the younger end of the age spectrum showed a ceiling effect. In the context of age-stratified US (1993) and British (1992) norms, older individuals in the Sri Lankan sample scored much lower than their Western counterparts. However, the difference narrowed in the younger age bands, showing no difference among the 18-to-22-year age bands in the three countries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This age-by-country interaction can be partly explained by poorer education in the older individuals in the present sample compared to those in the US and UK standardization samples. SPM norms presented in this paper fill a hiatus in assessment of general intellectual ability in Sri Lankan adults. Given that Sri Lanka improves its educational, socioeconomic and health standards faster than the nations who have already reached higher standards, these norms would require re-standardization in the coming decades.</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"203-217"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141472828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The processing of verbal memories after traumatic brain injury.","authors":"Jennie L Ponsford, Pagan Portelli, Eli Vakil, Marina G Downing","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2374043","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2374043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Memory dysfunction is a persistent cognitive symptom following traumatic brain injury (TBI), negatively impacting capacity for independent living and productivity. Traditional scoring of neuropsychological memory tests does not allow for differentiation of specific impairments of encoding, consolidation and/or retrieval, or the potential impact of strategy deficits. <b>Method:</b> The current study examined performance of 142 moderate-to-severe TBI participants and 68 demographically matched healthy controls on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT) using Item Specific Data Analysis (ISDA) and strategy use analyses. <b>Results:</b> Results revealed significantly greater impairments in encoding, consolidation, and retrieval in TBI participants, compared to controls. Encoding deficits significantly explained the most variance in the long-delayed recall of TBI participants, followed by consolidation, and then retrieval. Participants with TBI showed a reduced ability to spontaneously apply strategies during learning, evident in decreased subjective clusters and increased word omissions, compared to controls. No difference was found between groups in passive learning strategy application, shown through serial clustering. Spontaneous strategy measures both uniquely accounted for variance in the encoding ability of TBI participants. <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings highlight the potential value in using ISDA and strategy use measures to assess RAVLT results to better characterize individual memory profiles and inform rehabilitative interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"100-116"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141565167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Walking time and genetic predisposition for Alzheimer's disease: Results from the HELIAD study.","authors":"Stefanos N Sampatakakis, Niki Mourtzi, Sokratis Charisis, Eirini Mamalaki, Eva Ntanasi, Alex Hatzimanolis, Alfredo Ramirez, Jean-Charles Lambert, Mary Yannakoulia, Mary H Kosmidis, Efthimios Dardiotis, Georgios Hadjigeorgiou, Maria Megalou, Paraskevi Sakka, Nikolaos Scarmeas","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2344869","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2344869","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Our study aimed to explore whether physical condition might affect the association between genetic predisposition for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and AD incidence. <b>Methods:</b> The sample of participants consisted of 561 community-dwelling adults over 64 years old, without baseline dementia (508 cognitively normal and 53 with mild cognitive impairment), deriving from the HELIAD, an ongoing longitudinal study with follow-up evaluations every 3 years. Physical condition was assessed at baseline through walking time (WT), while a Polygenic Risk Score for late onset AD (PRS-AD) was used to estimate genetic predisposition. The association between WT and PRS-AD with AD incidence was evaluated with Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for age, sex, education years, global cognition score and <i>APOE</i> ε-4 genotype. Then, the association between WT and AD incidence was investigated after stratifying participants by low and high PRS-AD. Finally, we examined the association between PRS-AD and AD incidence after stratifying participants by WT. <b>Results:</b> Both WT and PRS-AD were connected with increased AD incidence (<i>p</i> < 0.05), after adjustments. In stratified analyses, in the slow WT group participants with a greater genetic risk had a 2.5-fold higher risk of developing AD compared to participants with lower genetic risk (<i>p</i> = 0.047). No association was observed in the fast WT group or when participants were stratified based on PRS-AD. <b>Conclusions:</b> Genetic predisposition for AD is more closely related to AD incidence in the group of older adults with slow WT. Hence, physical condition might be a modifier in the relationship of genetic predisposition with AD incidence.</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"83-99"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140915879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Normative data for executive function tests in an Ecuadorian Waranka minority population.","authors":"María José Fierro Bósquez, Laiene Olabarrieta-Landa, Bryan R Christ, David Arjol, Paul B Perrin, Juan Carlos Arango-Lasprilla, Diego Rivera","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2367748","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2367748","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To generate normative data (ND) for executive functions tests in the Waranka minority population of Ecuador. <b>Method:</b> Four-hundred participants aged 6-17 completed the Symbol-Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Trail-Making Test (TMT), Modified-Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (M-WCST), and Test of Colors-Words (STROOP). Scores were normed using multiple linear regressions, including age, age², natural logarithm of mean parent education (MPE), sex, bilingualism, and two-way interactions as predictors. <b>Results:</b> Age by MPE and Age² by MPE interactions arose for SDMT, so that children with illiterate parents scored lower than those with literate parents. Girls scored higher in SDMT. All TMT and M-WCST scores were influenced by age². Age by MPE interaction was found for TMT-A, so that children with higher MPE went faster; and age by bilingualism interaction for TMT-B, so that more bilingual children needed less time. Stroop-Word and Color were influenced by age² by MPE interaction, so that children, while older, scored higher, especially those with higher MPE. Also, age² by sex interaction arose, so that girls increased scores curvilinearly while boys linearly. Word-Color was influenced by age, while Stroop-interference by age². Age by MPE interaction was found for MCST-Categories and Perseveration, so that perseverations decreased to then increased, especially in those with illiterate parents. M-WCST-Category scores increased to then decrease later on age in children with illiterate parents. Z-scores calculated through indigenous ND were significantly lower than generated through non-indigenous norms. <b>Conclusions:</b> ND for minority populations are critical since Waranka sample performed worse when using non-indigenous norms for z-score calculation.</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"182-202"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141472829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computerized assessment of executive functioning: Validation of the CNS Vital Signs executive functioning scores in a sample of community-dwelling older adults.","authors":"Libby A DesRuisseaux, Michelle Gereau Mora, Yana Suchy","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2354953","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2354953","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Computerized assessment of cognitive functioning has gained significant popularity over recent years, yet options for clinical assessment of executive functioning (EF) are lacking. One computerized testing platform, CNS Vital Signs (CNS-VS), offers tests designed to measure EF but requires further validation. The goal of the present study was to validate CNS-VS executive scores against standard clinical measures of EF. We also sought to determine whether a modified CNS-VS composite score that included variables purported to measure inhibition, switching, and working memory would outperform the currently available CNS-VS Executive Function Index. <b>Method:</b> A sample of 73 cognitively healthy older adults completed four tests from the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System, the Digit Span subtest from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-fourth edition, and three CNS-VS tasks purported to measure inhibition, switching, and working memory. <b>Results:</b> Performances on the CNS-VS tests were predicted by performances on standard paper-and-pencil measures. Although the currently available CNS-VS Executive Function Index predicted unique variance in a well-validated paper-and-pencil EF composite score, our Modified CNS-VS EF composite accounted for unique variance above and beyond the original CNS-VS Executive Function Index, while the reverse was not true. <b>Conclusions:</b> The present results support the construct validity of CNS-VS EF tests but also suggest that modifications to their current composite scores would improve the prediction of EF performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"159-181"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141066290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive phenotypes in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis with different disease duration, applying the international classification of cognitive disorders in MS (IC-CoDiMS).","authors":"Cláudia Sousa, Teresa Jacques, Márcia França, Patrícia Campos, Maria José Sá, Rui A Alves","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2348831","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2024.2348831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Cognitive impairment is experienced by 40-70% of multiple sclerosis patients, with information processing speed and memory most affected. Until now, cognitive results classified patients as impaired and not impaired. With this dichotomous approach, it is difficult to identify, in a heterogeneous group of patients with cognitive impairment, which cognitive domain(s) are most altered. This study aims to identify cognitive phenotypes in a clinical cohort of adult patients with Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) using the International Classification of Cognitive Disorders in MS (IC-CoDiMS) and to characterize their clinical features. <b>Methods:</b> Three hundred patients with RRMS underwent neuropsychological assessment with the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests (BRBN-T) and the Brief International Cognitive Multiple Sclerosis (BICAMS). <b>Results:</b> In our cohort, the mean age was 41.38 [11.48 SD] years, and 205 [68.3%] were women. At the -1 SD threshold, 49% were cognitively intact, 25% had uni-domain impairment, 17% had bi-domain impairment, and 9% had multi-domain impairment. Processing speed was the most frequent single-domain impairment, followed by memory and verbal fluency. At the -1.5 SD threshold, 74.7% were cognitively intact, 17% had uni-domain impairment, 6% had bi-domain impairment, had bi-domain impairment, and 3.0% had multi-domain impairment. Memory was the most frequent single-domain impairment, followed by processing speed and verbal fluency. <b>Conclusions:</b> This study corroborates the importance of determining cognitive phenotypes through taxonomy (IC-CoDiMS). In addition, it contributes to improving the classification of cognitive phenotypes in patients with RRMS to enhance the development of more effective treatments and cognitive interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"64-82"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140877960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}