Clinical Neuropsychologist最新文献

{"title":"Decrement in sustained attention and working memory in young, treatment-naïve women with polycystic ovary syndrome: Preliminary findings.","authors":"Farzana, Saloni Kumari, Soumen Manna, Sheeba Marwah, Himani Ahluwalia","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2026.2712922","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13854046.2026.2712922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder associated with hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance. Although its reproductive and metabolic consequences are well established, research on the impact of PCOS on cognitive function remains inconsistent. This study aimed to evaluate the cognitive profiles across multiple domains in young, treatment-naïve patients with PCOS. <b>Method:</b> This cross-sectional study included 35 patients with PCOS (aged 18-35 years) and 30 age-matched healthy controls from Northern India. Participants underwent standardized computer-based psychometric testing using the Digit Span Test (DST), Trail Making Test (TMT), and Continuous Performance Test-Identical Pairs (CPT-IP) to assess their short-term memory, executive function, and attention. <b>Results:</b> Patients with PCOS demonstrated significantly lower performance in all DST metrics, including Two-Error Maximal Length (TEML; <i>p</i> < .0001; Hedges' <i>g</i> = 2.18; CI: 1.57-2.80) and Mean Span (MS; <i>p</i> < 0.0001; Hedges' <i>g</i> = 2.43; CI = 1.79-3.07), indicating decreased short-term and working memory. In the CPT-IP, the PCOS group showed significantly reduced hit rates and lower sensitivity scores (d', <i>p</i> < .0001, Hedges' <i>g</i> = 2.38; CI = 1.74-3.02), reflecting deficits in sustained attention and stimulus discriminability. While the PCOS group took longer to complete the TMT task both in trails 1 and 2, the differences in executive functioning did not reach statistical significance (<i>p</i> > .05). <b>Conclusions:</b> Young, treatment-naïve North Indian women with PCOS exhibit distinct cognitive decrements, particularly in the short-term memory and attention domains. While these initial findings are striking, larger long-term studies are required to confirm the true extent of these cognitive shifts.</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148681041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Collinearity, tetrachoric correlation, and criterion group assignment of examinees failing only one performance validity test (PVT): Testing Leonhard's (2023) PVT critique.","authors":"Martin L Rohling, Glenn J Larrabee, Jeremy J Davis","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2025.2508472","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2025.2508472","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Recent research has challenged use of multiple performance validity tests (PVTs) over concerns of multicollinearity among them and regarding uncertainty about how to handle indeterminate cases that fail only one PVT. This study sought to address these concerns. <b>Method:</b> This study involved secondary analysis of an existing dataset of 313 cases evaluated in a civil forensic context. We examined the relationship of PVT failure and cognitive performance, examined evidence of collinearity among PVTs using various correlation coefficients (i.e. Pearson, tetrachoric, and phi), and compared different operationalizations of valid and invalid performance with logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic analysis. <b>Results:</b> Our findings demonstrate that PVTs do not show pronounced collinearity, as previously claimed. Correcting errors in the calculation of tetrachoric correlations resulted in lower correlations than previously reported (mean <i>r</i>_tet = .57) contradicting claims of redundancy among PVTs. PVT failure was associated with a linear decline in performance on cognitive tests. Logistic regression indicated that use of multiple PVTs improved classification accuracy in contrast to the argument that a single PVT is sufficient. Including Fail = 1 cases in a valid performance group results in minimal changes in diagnostic accuracy compared to when these cases are excluded from analysis as \"indeterminate.\" <b>Conclusions:</b> These results refute the claim of marked collinearity among PVTs and concerns about their redundancy and rather, show evidence of incremental validity. Findings support continued use of multiple PVTs to improve classification accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"1671-1687"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144188529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction.","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2026.2685371","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2026.2685371","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"I"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148195097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurobehavioral disorders after severe acquired brain injury: Discrepancies between patients and caregivers' perception.","authors":"Benedetta Basagni, Laura Abbruzzese, Mauro Mancuso, Nadia Magnani, Alessia Teresa Virzì, Pierluigi Zoccolotti, Antonio Zuffianò","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2025.2567466","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2025.2567466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Neurobehavioral disturbances often follow acquired brain injuries. Patients and family members may perceive these anomalies differently, and these discrepancies are difficult to interpret due to methodological constraints. We explored the differing perceptions of behavioral alterations in patients with severe acquired brain injury (sABI) and their caregivers using the Latent Difference Score (LDS) analysis. We also examined the relation between the behavioral ratings and demographic, injury, and functional variables. <b>Method:</b> Data from 154 patients with sABI in the post-acute phase and their caregivers were retrospectively analyzed. The BIRT Personality Questionnaire was used to assess behavioral disorders. <b>Results:</b> We examined four subscales: Lack of Motivation (LoM), Lack of Emotion Regulation (LoER), Negative Emotionality/Reactivity (NE), and Lack of Social Skills (LoSS). Patients generally tended to underestimate their problematic behaviors compared to their family members. Sex predicted patient/caregiver discrepancies in the LoM and LoER subscales, with male patients perceiving themselves as higher functioning than female patients. The scale measuring physical disability was not associated with patient/caregiver discrepancies, except for LoER, with family members' judgments of greater severity correlated with lower functional scores. <b>Conclusions:</b> Notable gaps emerged between subjective and family perceptions, particularly in motivation and social skills. The discrepancies were associated with sex differences. LDS is a promising tool for examining patient/caregiver discrepancies in patients with ABI.</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"1568-1589"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145208471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical priorities to improve the neuropsychological care of individuals with Spina Bifida: A consensus statement of the Spina Bifida Association and the Spina Bifida and Hydrocephalus Neuropsychology Collaborative.","authors":"T Andrew Zabel, D J Bernat, Rosalia Costello, Veronica Bordes Edgar, Amy K Heffelfinger, Lizabeth L Jordan, Jennifer I Koop, Kara Leiser, Beatriz MacDonald, Lisa Stanford, Catherine Stephan, Judy Thibadeau, Camille Wilson, Jennifer T Queally","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2025.2566208","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2025.2566208","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>: Spina Bifida (SB) is a medical and neurodevelopmental disability that impacts multiple health and functional systems, including cognitive and neuropsychological functioning. Neuropsychological assessment and monitoring are integral components of SB-related clinical care, as outlined in the Spina Bifida Association's (SBA) Neuropsychological Care Guidelines for People with Spina Bifida. However, practice-based research indicates that access to SB-informed neuropsychological care is limited in the United States. This white paper is intended to address this gap and propose methods to expand the availability of high-quality neuropsychological care and resources for persons with SB and their families. <b>Method</b>: The Spina Bifida and Hydrocephalus Neuropsychology Collaborative, a voluntary assembly of pediatric and lifespan neuropsychologists, organized an expert convening in March 2023 to address these issues. <b>Results</b>: This white paper summarizes the consensus recommendations of the Collaborative, which aim to improve neuropsychological care for individuals with SB and facilitate the implementation of the SBA's 2020 Guidelines. To this end, the Collaborative proposes three levels of clinical care: Universal Care, which involves developing a well-vetted collection of information and resources for SB patients and their families; Core Care, which focuses on establishing coordinated neuropsychological assessment approaches and test batteries; and Optimal Care, which integrates neuropsychological consultation and insights into broader multidisciplinary medical care. These recommendations were reviewed and approved by the SBA's Professional Advisory Committee as an official position paper. <b>Conclusion</b>: The goal of these recommendations is to enhance access to neuropsychological care and improve the lives of individuals with SB.</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"1547-1567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145423567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute effects of sport-related concussion among adolescents with a self-reported history of treatment for anxiety or depression.","authors":"Katie Stephenson, Nathan E Cook, Charles E Gaudet, Paul D Berkner, Grant L Iverson","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2025.2554745","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2025.2554745","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This study compared symptom reporting and cognitive test performance within 72 h of a suspected concussion between high school student-athletes with and without pre-injury self-reported mental health treatment. <b>Methods:</b> Eight hundred seventy-nine high school athletes with (<i>n</i> = 75) and without (<i>n</i> = 804) a self-reported history of treatment for anxiety or depression underwent preseason baseline testing, and post-injury testing within 72 h of suspected concussion. <b>Results:</b> At baseline, adolescents with a self-reported history of treatment for anxiety or depression (<i>n</i> = 75, 8.5%) endorsed significantly greater affective (Cohen's <i>d</i> = 0.70), cognitive (<i>d</i> = 0.52), physical (<i>d</i> = 0.53), and sleep-arousal (<i>d</i> = 0.50) symptoms compared to those with no mental health treatment history (<i>n</i> = 804). There was not a statistically significant group-by-time interaction for the total symptom severity score (<i>F</i>(4, 874)=2.27; <i>p=</i>.06), indicating that the magnitude of acute symptom worsening following concussion did not appear to differ in association with pre-injury mental health status. There were no significant group differences in neurocognitive composite scores at baseline or following concussion. Similarly, adolescents with self-reported history of treatment for anxiety or depression not more likely to exceed the reliable change cutoffs for worsening symptoms or cognitive functioning as compared to those without a self-reported history of treatment for anxiety or depression. <b>Conclusions:</b> Although there was no difference in the magnitude of change from baseline to post-injury symptom scores between the two groups, adolescents with pre-injury mental health difficulties reported more symptoms at baseline and acutely following a concussion. Adolescents with a self-reported history of treatment for anxiety or depression did not differ from those without on cognitive scores at baseline or following concussion.</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"1606-1621"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145024901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliability and validity of the Oxford Visual Perception Screen in sub-acute adult stroke survivors.","authors":"Kate Cowen, Faye Tabone, Sam Webb, Andrea Kusec, Ruth DaSilva, Revin Thomas, Lisa Shaw, Nele Demeyere, Kathleen Vancleef","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2025.2576149","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2025.2576149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective</b>: Due to a lack of time-efficient standardized assessments, there is a high risk of unidentified visual perception difficulties in stroke survivors. The Oxford Visual Perception Screen (OxVPS) is a 15-min performance-based screen for visual perception difficulties through tasks like picture naming and face recognition. This study evaluates the inter-rater reliability, convergent, and discriminant validity of OxVPS. <b>Method</b>: In this cross-sectional study, 161 stroke survivors within 8 weeks of their stroke, sufficient understanding of English, ability to concentrate for 15 min, and capacity to consent took part across three UK rehabilitation units. Video-recordings of OxVPS assessments were rated by an independent rater for inter-rater reliability. Convergent validity was assessed by comparing OxVPS scores with the Rivermead Perceptual Assessment Battery (RPAB), a 45-90-min battery of visual perceptual tasks. Discriminant validity compared OxVPS scores with performance on the Blind Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA-B) for cognition and with the Visual Impairment Screening Assessment (VISA) for sensory vision. <b>Results:</b> Inter-rater reliability showed equivalent ratings (<i>N</i> = 107, <i>t</i>(106) = -14.77, <i>p</i> < .001) and mean difference of -0.01 point on a 10-point scale in a Bland-Altman analysis (95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.14 to 0.13). Convergent and discriminant validity demonstrated a high correlation of 0.78 (<i>N</i> = 58, 95% CI: 0.65-0.86) between OxVPS and RPAB, lower correlations of 0.52 with MOCA-B scores (<i>N</i> = 113, 95% CI: 0.37-0.64) and .39 with VISA scores (<i>N</i> = 110, 95% CI: 0.22-0.54). <b>Conclusions</b>: Data indicate good inter-rater reliability and evidence that OxVPS predominantly measures visual perception difficulties (convergent validity) in stroke survivors and less so cognition or sensory vision (discriminant validity).</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"1719-1736"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145410915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differences in clinical symptoms and hot and cold executive function in girls and boys with ADHD with and without ODD.","authors":"Alice Sperry, Alyssa C DeRonda, Micah Plotkin, Stewart H Mostofsky, Keri S Rosch","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2025.2574085","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2025.2574085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) frequently co-occurs with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and may impact sex differences in clinical and executive function (EF) phenotypes of ADHD. This study examines whether clinical symptoms and \"hot\" and \"cold\" EF task performance differs among children with ADHD with and without ODD relative to typically developing (TD) children. <b>Method:</b> Participants included 372 8-12-year-old children: 158 with ADHD without ODD (28% girls), 74 with ADHD + ODD (28% girls), and 140 TD (34% girls). Parent- and self-report questionnaires assessing ADHD symptoms, externalizing and internalizing problems, emotional lability, and irritability were obtained. Children completed delay discounting, go/no-go (GNG), and spatial span tasks to assess hot and cold EF. <b>Results:</b> Relative to same-sex children with ADHD, girls with ADHD + ODD showed higher inattention symptoms, whereas boys with ADHD + ODD showed higher hyperactive/impulsive symptoms. Emotional lability and irritability were higher in children with ADHD + ODD than ADHD, regardless of sex. For EF tasks, greater delay discounting was observed in girls with ADHD + ODD compared to TD girls, whereas boys with ADHD only showed poorer visual-spatial working memory compared to boys with ADHD + ODD. Boys and girls with ADHD (regardless of ODD) showed higher GNG reaction time variability than TD children, whereas only boys with ADHD (regardless of ODD) made more inhibition errors than TD boys. <b>Conclusions:</b> While symptom measures consistently differentiated ADHD from ADHD + ODD groups regardless of sex, hot and cool EF differences varied across measures and by sex, demonstrating their value in understanding sex differences in youth with ADHD with and without co-occurring ODD.</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"1637-1658"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13680931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145460697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-term practice effects on measures of cognition and daily functioning in older adults.","authors":"Kevin Duff, Ellie Reeves, Mika Veres, Audrey Gobeo, Takehiko Yamaguchi, Tania Giovannetti, Maureen Schmitter-Edgecombe","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2025.2550356","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2025.2550356","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Practice effects on neuropsychological tests have been widely documented. However, little is known about whether improvements occur when measures of daily functioning are repeated. Therefore, the current study examined short-term practice effects on both neuropsychological and functional measures. <b>Method:</b> One hundred ninety-four older adults, 86% of whom were cognitively unimpaired and 14% of whom were cognitively impaired, completed a battery of neuropsychological and functional (both rating scales and performance-based measures) assessments during a baseline visit (Time 1) and again approximately one week later (Time 2). Repeated measures ANCOVAs evaluated for changes from Time 1 to Time 2 on both sets of tests. <b>Results:</b> Statistically significant improvements were observed across one week on the neuropsychological test scores (<i>p</i><.001), especially on the memory tests. Additionally, significant improvements were observed on the functional test scores (<i>p</i><.001) from Time 1 to Time 2, especially on the performance-based measures. Interactions between group (unimpaired vs. impaired) and time were observed on the neuropsychological scores, but not the functional scores. However, these interaction analyses were limited by a small number of impaired participants. <b>Conclusions:</b> Consistent with our hypothesis, short-term practice effects were observed on both neuropsychological and functional measures; however, they tended to be larger on the neuropsychological measures. While further research is required, short-term stability/changes in cognitive and functional measures may predict long-term stability/changes in those measures, with the absence of practice effects potentially serving as an indicator of the development of dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"1590-1605"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12861044/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144979353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive factor structure of the NACC UDS-3 neuropsychological battery across ethno-racial, linguistic, and cognitive status groups.","authors":"Emily F Matusz, Jacob Fiala, Andrew M Kiselica, Mónica Rosselli, Melissa J Armstrong, Allison A Holgerson, Shellie-Anne Levy, Franchesca Arias, Idaly Vélez-Uribe, Ranjan Duara, Rosie E Curiel Cid, David A Loewenstein, Glenn E Smith, Michael Marsiske, Breton M Asken","doi":"10.1080/13854046.2025.2576154","DOIUrl":"10.1080/13854046.2025.2576154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> There are diagnostic disparities in dementia across ethno-racial communities. The potential contribution of measurement bias in cognitive assessments was investigated by examining the factor structure and measurement invariance of the Uniform Data Set neuropsychological battery (UDS3-NB) across ethno-racial groups as well as Spanish and English speakers along a cognitive continuum. <b>Methods:</b> Data were from the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center (NACC) and the 1Florida Alzheimer's Disease Research Center (1FLADRC). Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted in NACC (<i>n</i> = 29,462; <i>M</i> age = 71.0, <i>SD</i> = 10.4; 58.5% female, <i>M</i> education = 15.8, <i>SD</i> = 3.0; 68.6% non-Hispanic White, 5.3% -primary Spanish speaking) to determine the UDS3-NB factor structure. Measurement invariance was tested in NACC and separately within 1FLADRC (<i>n</i> = 829; <i>M</i> age = 69.9, <i>SD</i> = 8.5; 56.5% female; <i>M</i> education = 14.6, <i>SD</i> = 3.5 years; 33.3% non-Hispanic White, 33.8% primary Spanish speaking), across ethno-racial (non-Hispanic White, Hispanic White, Black/African American), primary language (English, Spanish), and cognitive status (cognitively normal, mild cognitive impairment, dementia). Invariance was assessed at configural, metric, scalar, and strict levels. <b>Results:</b> A 4-factor model (memory, processing speed/executive functioning, language, attention) demonstrated acceptable to good fit in NACC (CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.07, SRMR = 0.03) and 1FLADRC (CFI = 0.97, TLI = 0.96, RMSEA = 0.05, SRMR = 0.04). Standardized factor loadings ranged from 0.43-0.87. Metric invariance was supported across all contrasts in both cohorts. Higher levels of invariance were cohort-dependent: CN vs. MCI achieved strict invariance in both cohorts, whereas non-Hispanic White vs. Hispanic White and English vs. Spanish only achieved strict invariance in NACC. <b>Conclusions:</b> The UDS3-NB demonstrates structural validity and metric equivalence across ethno-racial, linguistic, and cognitive status groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":55250,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Neuropsychologist","volume":" ","pages":"1737-1759"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13122840/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145356917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}