Determining whether false positive rates increase with performance validity test battery expansion.

IF 3 3区心理学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY

Clinical Neuropsychologist Pub Date : 2024-10-16 DOI:10.1080/13854046.2024.2416543

Robert J Kanser, Martin L Rohling, Jeremy J Davis

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: Performance validity test (PVT) misclassification is an important concern for neuropsychologists. The present study determined whether expanding PVT analysis from 4-PVTs to 8-PVTs could lead to elevated rates of false positive performance validity misclassifications.

Method: Retrospective analysis of 443 patients who underwent a fixed neuropsychological test battery in a mixed clinical and forensic setting. Rates of failing two PVTs were compared to those predicted by Monte Carlo simulations when PVT analysis extended from 4-PVTs to 8-PVTs. Indeterminate performers (IDT; n = 42; those who failed two PVTs only after PVT analysis extended from 4-PVTs to 8-PVTs) were compared to a PVT-Fail group (n = 148; those who failed two PVTs in the 4-PVT battery or failed >2 PVTs).

Results: Rate of failing two PVTs remained stable when PVT analysis extended from 4- to 8-PVTs (12.9 to 11.9%) and was significantly lower than those predicted by Monte Carlo simulations. Compared to PVT-Fail, the IDT group was significantly younger, had stronger neuropsychological test performance, and demonstrated comparable rates of forensic referral and conditions with known neurocognitive sequelae (e.g. stroke, moderate-to-severe TBI).

Conclusions: Monte Carlo simulations significantly overestimated rates of individuals failing two PVTs as PVT battery length doubled. IDT did not differ from PVT-Fail across variables with known PVT effects (e.g. age, referral context, neurologic diagnoses), lowering concern that this group is comprised entirely of false-positive PVT classifications. More research is needed to determine the effect of PVT battery length on validity classification accuracy.

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确定假阳性率是否会随着性能效度测试单元的扩大而增加。

目的：成绩效度测验（PVT）分类错误是神经心理学家关注的一个重要问题。本研究确定了将 PVT 分析从 4-PVT 扩展到 8-PVT 是否会导致表现有效性错误分类的假阳性率升高：方法：对在临床和法医混合环境中接受固定神经心理测试的 443 名患者进行回顾性分析。当 PVT 分析从 4-PVT 扩展到 8-PVT 时，两次 PVT 不及格率与蒙特卡罗模拟预测的不及格率进行了比较。将表现不确定者（IDT；n = 42；在 PVT 分析从 4-PVT 扩展到 8-PVT 后才两次 PVT 未通过者）与 PVT 未通过组（n = 148；在 4-PVT 电池中两次 PVT 未通过或 PVT 未通过超过 2 次者）进行比较：结果：当 PVT 分析从 4-PVT 扩展到 8-PVT 时，两次 PVT 失败率保持稳定（12.9% 到 11.9%），明显低于蒙特卡罗模拟预测的结果。与 PVT 失败组相比，IDT 组明显更年轻，神经心理测试表现更强，法医转诊率和已知神经认知后遗症（如中风、中重度创伤性脑损伤）的发生率相当：蒙特卡洛模拟大大高估了PVT电池长度增加一倍时两次PVT失败的比率。在已知的 PVT 影响变量（如年龄、转诊背景、神经学诊断）方面，IDT 与 PVT-Fail 没有差异，这降低了人们对该组完全由 PVT 假阳性分类组成的担忧。需要进行更多的研究来确定 PVT 电池长度对有效性分类准确性的影响。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Clinical Neuropsychologist 医学-临床神经学

CiteScore

8.40

自引率

12.80%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Clinical Neuropsychologist (TCN) serves as the premier forum for (1) state-of-the-art clinically-relevant scientific research, (2) in-depth professional discussions of matters germane to evidence-based practice, and (3) clinical case studies in neuropsychology. Of particular interest are papers that can make definitive statements about a given topic (thereby having implications for the standards of clinical practice) and those with the potential to expand today’s clinical frontiers. Research on all age groups, and on both clinical and normal populations, is considered.