Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology最新文献

{"title":"Molecular mechanism of Yersinia ruckeri Flagellin C (FliC) induced intestinal inflammation in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)","authors":"Yibin Yang ,&nbsp;Hao He ,&nbsp;Yucong Huang ,&nbsp;Xiaohui Ai ,&nbsp;Xia Zhu ,&nbsp;Fei Yin ,&nbsp;Jingen Xu ,&nbsp;Yuhua Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111072","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111072","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Yersinia ruckeri</em> is known to cause enteric red mouth disease (ERM) in channel catfish (<em>Ictalurus punctatus</em>). This study established a model of <em>Y. ruckeri</em>-induced intestinal inflammation in channel catfish. Subsequently, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), gene cloning, recombinant protein expression, protein molecular docking, and tissue pathology techniques, we investigated the role and molecular mechanism of Flagellin C (FliC) from <em>Y. ruckeri</em> in inducing inflammation. The findings indicated that FliC was the main virulence gene in <em>Y. ruckeri</em> responsible for inducing intestinal inflammation. Specifically, FliC bound to the host Toll-like receptor 5 (<em>tlr5</em>), leading to the upregulation of multiple inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor (<em>tnf</em>)<em>-α</em>, interleukin (<em>il</em>)<em>-6</em>, and <em>il-1β</em>, and the activation of the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) and JAK-STAT signaling pathways, thereby initiating inflammation. The results were validated through experiments conducted both in cellular models and <em>in vivo</em>. In summary, this study identified FliC as a virulence gene in <em>Y. ruckeri</em> infection of channel catfish and elucidated its role in inducing intestinal inflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 111072"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex determination factor, a novel male-linked gene in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus: Molecular characterization, expression patterns and effects of gene knockdown","authors":"Weihan Meng ,&nbsp;Lingnan Kong ,&nbsp;Abudula Abulizi ,&nbsp;Jingjing Cong ,&nbsp;Zhihui Sun ,&nbsp;Yaqing Chang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111071","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111071","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Apostichopus japonicus</em> is a highly significant marine aquaculture species. Research findings have indicated that male sea cucumbers demonstrate a more rapid growth rate compared to females, underscoring the potential advantages of establishing an all-male population. In this study, we identified a specific protein-coding gene (ORFan) within a 4565 bp male fragment and named it <em>sex determination factor</em> (<em>sdf</em>). The <em>sdf</em> transcript exhibited ubiquitous expression in various adult male tissues, along with dynamic expression patterns in the testis across different developmental stages. Notably, knockdown of the <em>sdf</em> gene through immersion of embryos in its specific vivo-morpholino oligomers (vivo-MO) resulted in significant changes in the expression levels of several sex-related genes including <em>piwi1</em>, <em>vasa</em>, <em>foxl2</em>, and <em>DNMT3</em>. Additionally, a transcriptomic analysis showed that <em>sdf</em> knockdown resulted in significant alterations in multiple biological processes encompassing various sex-related gene ontology terms such as male gonad development, ovarian follicle development, and steroidogenesis. These results provide a molecular foundation for comprehending ORFans in sea cucumbers while offering a valuable method for gene knockdown studies in echinoderms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 111071"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142959269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone dynamics in zebrafish on low- and high-frequency diets","authors":"Kathryn Bisaha ,&nbsp;Simon Bagatto ,&nbsp;Rebekah Harden ,&nbsp;Randi Depp ,&nbsp;Rachel Olson ,&nbsp;Qin Liu ,&nbsp;Janna M. Andronowski ,&nbsp;Richard L. Londraville","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111070","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111070","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>) were fed high and low-frequency diets over 40 days to assess the effect of diet on bone parameters. Fish fed 3×/day (High) were significantly greater in total weight and length vs. fish fed 2×/week (Low; &lt;0.01). The High group had significantly higher vertebral bone density (<em>p</em> = 0.0009) and lower bone volume (<em>p</em> = 0.04) compared to the Low group. Scales from the Low group also had higher density of resorption lacunae in their scales (<em>p</em> = 0.02). We interpret these data to hypothesize that higher leptin titers associated with reduced calorie intake is generally catabolic to bone in zebrafish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 111070"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of black soldier fly larvae oil on lipid metabolism, liver fatty acid composition, and plasma metabolite profiles in gilthead seabream juveniles","authors":"Sara Moutinho ,&nbsp;Óscar Monroig ,&nbsp;Helena Peres ,&nbsp;Andrea Villena-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Rui Magalhães ,&nbsp;Lina Pulido-Rodríguez ,&nbsp;Giuliana Parisi ,&nbsp;Aires Oliva-Teles","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111069","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111069","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The potential of insects as alternative ingredients in animal feeds is well-established. However, limited information is available on the use of insect oils as alternative lipid sources in aquafeeds. To address this, a study was conducted on gilthead seabream (<em>Sparus aurata</em>) juveniles to evaluate the effects of including black soldier fly (<em>Hermetia illucens</em>) larvae oil (HIO). Diets were formulated to include 4, 7.9, and 9.5 % HIO, replacing a vegetable oil blend at 42, 84, or 100 %, respectively. After 70 days, the effects on liver fatty acid profiles, plasma metabolites, and lipid metabolism gene expression were assessed. The results showed that HIO inclusion led to a linear decrease in plasma lipids and triglycerides, while high-density lipoprotein levels increased. The experimental diets also altered the liver's fatty acid composition without affecting total lipid content. There was an increase in the liver's saturated fatty acid content, like lauric acid, and monounsaturated fatty acids, like oleic acid. In contrast, n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid content was reduced, although EPA and DHA levels remained unaffected. Additionally, the content of C16:0 and C18:0 (% of total fatty acids) was higher in the liver than in the corresponding diets. The inclusion of HIO had minimal impact on the expression of genes associated with fatty acid synthesis, transport, and β-oxidation. However, a downregulation of elongation of very long-chain fatty acids proteins 6 and 1b (<em>elovl6</em> and <em>elovl1b</em>) was observed with increasing HIO levels. Overall, the study indicates that up to 9.5 % HIO inclusion in diets is well tolerated by gilthead seabream juveniles, with minimal effects on plasma metabolites and key gene expression related to fatty acid metabolism. These findings support the use of HIO as a viable alternative lipid source for juvenile gilthead seabream, contributing to the sustainable development of aquafeeds.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 111069"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigation of sodium fluoride-induced growth inhibition, immunosuppression, hepatorenal damage, and dysregulation of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation-related genes by dietary artichoke (Cynara scolymus) leaf extract in Oreochromis niloticus","authors":"Walaa El-Houseiny ,&nbsp;Asmaa W. Basher ,&nbsp;Yasmina K. Mahmoud ,&nbsp;Yasmin Bayoumi ,&nbsp;Abdel-Wahab A. Abdel-Warith ,&nbsp;Elsayed M. Younis ,&nbsp;Simon J. Davies ,&nbsp;Ahmed H. Arisha ,&nbsp;Yasmina M. Abd-Elhakim ,&nbsp;Mohamed Ezzat M. Assayed","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluated the efficacy of integrating artichoke (<em>Cynara scolymus</em>) leaf extract (CSLE) into the Nile tilapia (<em>Oreochromis niloticus</em>) diet to mitigate fluoride (FLR) adverse effects on growth, immune components, renal and hepatic function, and the regulation of oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis-related genes. A 60-day feeding experiment was conducted with 240 <em>O. niloticus</em> fish separated into four groups as follows: a control group (CON) fed on a basic diet, a CSLE group receiving 300 mg CSLE/kg via the diet, a FLR group exposed to 6.1 mg/L waterborne FLR, and a group receiving both CSLE and FLR. Fish exposed to FLR exhibited slower growth rates and poorer feed conversion compared to the control group. They also displayed signs of anemia, leukopenia, and elevated serum levels of renal injury indicators and liver enzymes. Consistent with a decrease in both non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants, higher levels of hepatic lipid peroxidation products were observed. Exposure to FLR resulted in decreased serum lysozyme activity, nitric oxide, complement 3, IgM, total protein, globulin, and albumin levels. FLR induced multiple pathological perturbations in the spleen, liver, and kidneys, and increased the mRNA expression of splenic tumor necrosis factor-alpha, heat shock protein 70, interleukin-1 beta, tumor protein p53, and cysteine-aspartic acid protease 3 while reducing superoxide dismutase and catalase gene expression. However, the majority of FLR adverse effects were significantly reduced by adding 300 mg CSLE/ kg diet. Adding CSLE to <em>O. niloticus</em>' diet may reduce FLR's negative effects, making it a beneficial aquafeed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 111068"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142907869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A soluble TLR5 is involved in the flagellin-MyD88-mediated immune response via regulation rather than activation in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea)","authors":"Qing-Xue Sun,&nbsp;Qing Tan,&nbsp;Xue-Na Huang,&nbsp;Cui-Luan Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111061","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111061","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) plays a crucial role in the immune response through recognizing bacterial flagellin. Some teleosts possess two forms of TLR5, including a canonical membrane TLR5 (TLR5M) ortholog and a piscine soluble TLR5 (TLR5S). In this report, the full-length cDNA sequences of <em>Larimichthys crocea TLR5M</em> (<em>LcTLR5M</em>) and <em>TLR5S</em> (<em>LcTLR5S</em>) were identified. The predicted 885-aa-<em>Lc</em>TLR5M protein contained a 20-aa signal peptide, followed by 12 leucine-rich repeats (LRRs), a transmembrane (TM) region, and a cytoplasmic Toll/Interleukin-1 receptor homology (TIR) domain while the predicted 642-aa-<em>Lc</em>TLR5S only contained 13 LRRs. The <em>LcTLR5M</em> transcripts were detected in most tissues examined, with the highest expression in heart and the lowest in stomach. The expression of <em>LcTLR5S</em> was high in liver whereas low in other examined tissues. Both <em>LcTLR5M</em> and <em>LcTLR5S</em> transcripts could be induced by immune challenge. Subcellular localization revealed that <em>Lc</em>TLR5M existed on the cell membrane while <em>Lc</em>TLR5S expressed in the cytoplasm. Furthermore, to investigate the role of <em>LcTLR5S</em> in downstream signaling transduction, a <em>LcTLR5S-TIR</em> chimera was constructed by fusing the ORF of <em>LcTLR5S</em> with TM and TIR domains from <em>LcTLR5M</em>. A dual-luciferase reporter assay revealed that the TIR domain is essential in the flagellin induced MyD88-mediated<em>-TNFα</em> activation but not in -<em>NF-κB</em> activation. However, the flagellin-<em>Lc</em>TLR5M-MyD88-mediated <em>NF-κB</em> and <em>TNFα</em> activation was largely suppressed by <em>Lc</em>TLR5S. These findings suggested that the flagellin-<em>Lc</em>TLR5M/<em>Lc</em>TLR5S mediated immune activation was MyD88-dependent, and the role of the TIR-domain might differ between NF-κB and TNFα signaling transduction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"277 ","pages":"Article 111061"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiology, leptin gene expression, and intestinal morphology of pinhead and starved milkfish (Chanos chanos)","authors":"Chia-Jui Liu ,&nbsp;Chia-Hao Chang ,&nbsp;Yu-Xuan Lin ,&nbsp;Yu-Ting Lin ,&nbsp;Chun-Yi Yeh ,&nbsp;Wan-Cih He ,&nbsp;Naveen Ranasinghe ,&nbsp;Salman Akram ,&nbsp;Tsung-Han Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>“Pinhead” is an abnormal condition of farmed fish which is rarely studied, albeit well known among fish culturists, and is characterized by extreme emaciation and anorexia. In this study, the potential impacts of pinhead condition in milkfish were analyzed and compared to fed, healthy, and a group starved for four weeks. The condition factor and hepatosomatic index of pinhead milkfish were significantly lower compared with fed, healthy individuals. Abnormal plasma osmolality and muscle water content in pinhead milkfish indicated an imbalance in their internal water content. The anorexigenic hormone, leptin A was highly expressed in liver of pinhead milkfish, which could be related to their lack of appetite. Meanwhile, the hepatosomatic index, intestinal somatic index, enterocyte height, number of villi and goblet cells, Na⁺/K⁺- ATPase activity, and intestinal protein content of the pinhead milkfish were similar to those of the 4-week starved individuals. Taken together, our results characterized key physiological parameters of pinhead milkfish for the first time. Further investigation is required to understand how environmental or artificial stress can lead to the occurrence of pinhead milkfish, and to develop methods for alleviating this condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 111048"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Chlorella sp. and Schizochytrium sp. extracts on growth indices, body composition, and gene expression profiles in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","authors":"Boran Karataş","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assessed the impact of dietary <em>Chlorella</em> sp. and <em>Schizochytrium</em> sp. extracts on growth performance, feed utilization, body composition, and gene expression related to growth, digestion, antioxidant defense, and immune response in rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>). A total of 180 fish (average weight 8.92 ± 0.04 g) were randomly distributed into 12 fiberglass tanks (400 L, 15 fish per tank, three replicates per treatment). Fish were divided into four dietary groups for 60 days: 0 % (Control), 0.5 % <em>Chlorella</em> sp. extract (CH), 0.5 % <em>Schizochytrium</em> sp. extract (SC), and a combined 0.25 % <em>Chlorella</em> sp. and 0.25 % <em>Schizochytrium</em> sp. (CH + SC). At trial end, fish in the CH + SC group had a final weight (FW) of 27.06 ± 0.28 g, significantly higher than other groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), with improved growth parameters (P &lt; 0.05). While body composition showed no differences in moisture, lipid, or ash content, crude protein was significantly higher in CH + SC (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Gene expression analysis showed upregulation of the growth hormone GH-I gene in the CH + SC group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Genes related to digestive enzymes (trypsin, lipase, amylase) were also upregulated in all microalgae groups, with the highest levels in CH + SC (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, antioxidant genes (SOD, CAT, GPx) and immune-related genes (LYZII, TNF-α, IL-1β) showed elevated expression in CH + SC (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). This study demonstrated that a diet containing <em>Chlorella</em> sp. and <em>Schizochytrium</em> sp. extracts supports growth, enhances nutrient utilization, and upregulates genes related to antioxidant and immune function in rainbow trout. Further research is recommended to assess functional immune responses and enzyme activities to confirm these physiological effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 111047"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortisol suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced in vitro inflammatory response of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) via the glucocorticoid receptor and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways","authors":"Jixiu Wang ,&nbsp;Chenqian Wu ,&nbsp;Zhiqing Ye ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Yin ,&nbsp;Weiye Li ,&nbsp;Guangbo Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhijing Jiang ,&nbsp;Xudong Liang ,&nbsp;Ying Wei ,&nbsp;Lifei Ge ,&nbsp;Xiuwen Xu ,&nbsp;Tianming Wang ,&nbsp;Jingwen Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glucocorticoids (GCs) are well-established anti-inflammatory agents, with cortisol, an endogenous GC, exerting pivotal regulatory effects on normal physiological processes. However, the immune regulatory role of cortisol in teleost fish, particularly in inflammation induced by pathogenic infection, remains largely unexplored. Here, we revealed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers a pro-inflammatory response in the large yellow croaker (<em>Larimichthys crocea</em>), as evidenced by increased expression of key pro-inflammatory cytokines and activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. We further explored the immunosuppressive capacity of cortisol in LPS-stimulated large yellow croaker kidney cells (PCK cells) and <em>in vitro</em> tissues of the large yellow croaker. Our findings indicated that cortisol effectively suppresses LPS-induced overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and p38 MAPK pathway activation. Moreover, the immunosuppressive effects of cortisol were reversed by pretreatment with mifepristone, a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist. Collectively, this study delineated the inhibitory role of cortisol in the LPS-induced inflammatory cascade in large yellow croaker and underscores the significance of GR in mediating this response. These insights advance our comprehension of GCs-mediated immune modulation and provide a theoretical basis for the application of cortisol in disease prevention and the selective breeding of disease-resistant traits in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"275 ","pages":"Article 111046"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein digestion and amino acid absorption mechanisms along the midgut of Musca domestica larvae","authors":"Ignacio G. Barroso,&nbsp;Carolina K. Canettieri,&nbsp;Clelia Ferreira,&nbsp;Walter R. Terra","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A model of protein digestion and peptide and amino acid absorption along the midgut of <em>Musca domestica</em> larvae was proposed and supported by RNA-Seq analyses, protein bioinformatics, microvillar-membrane-enriched midgut proteomics, and enzymatic activities. Peptidase genes are highly expressed in the posterior midgut (PM), whereas those for cathepsins have expression limited to the middle midgut (MM). MM has the lowest levels of gene expression of almost all peptidases but has high expression of genes for membrane-bound serine endopeptidases. The anterior midgut (AM) has intermediate expression values of serine endopeptidase and aminopeptidase (AP) genes and low expression of carboxypeptidases (CPs). Gene expression and peptidase activities were usually consistent for putative intracellular and membrane-bound enzymes. However, secreted peptidase gene expression and activities have divergent values, especially in the PM, which may be due to the countercurrent water flux causing enzyme recycling, thus decreasing their excretion. Data suggest that Trys and APs act in the AM. In the acidic MM, lysozymes kill microorganisms found in the diet, releasing proteins digested by cathepsins D, which may also digest Trys coming from the AM. Finally, highly active serine endopeptidases, CPs, dipeptidases, and APs complete protein digestion in PM. Absorption of peptides and amino acids coupled to protons may occur along the midgut, especially in PM, as occurs for facilitated amino acid transport. Absorption with sodium ions is probably restricted to AM and PM. Our findings provide valuable insights into the protein digestion and amino acid absorption mechanism in <em>M. domestica</em> larvae.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"275 ","pages":"Article 111045"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}