Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology最新文献

{"title":"Genome-wide identification of heat shock protein 90 family in Larimichthys crocea and expression analysis in response to thermal stress and Vibrio parahaemolyticus infection","authors":"Xinxin Chen ,&nbsp;Zebin Chen ,&nbsp;Yuqing Xu ,&nbsp;Pengfei Zou ,&nbsp;Weiliang Shen ,&nbsp;Ziping Zhang ,&nbsp;Yilei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Members of the heat shock protein 90 family (HSP90s) are evolutionarily conserved and play crucial roles in protein transport, immune regulation and antigen presentation. In this study, five <em>hsp90s</em> were identified from the genome of large yellow croaker (<em>Larimichthys crocea</em>) and analyzed using bioinformatics. All five identified <em>hsp90s</em> encode proteins with HATPase_c and HSP90 domains, and are mainly localized in the cytoplasm, mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum. Chromosomal mapping revealed their distribution across three distinct chromosomes. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis showed differential expression patterns of the five <em>hsp90s</em> in 11 tissues. Additionally, their expression dynamics in the liver, spleen, head kidney, gill and blood were analyzed at 3 h, 12 h, 24 h and 48 h post thermal stress, <em>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</em> infection or under a combination of these two stressors. Results showed that the <em>L. crocea hsp90s</em> exhibited distinct expression patterns in response to the above three stimuli in different immune tissues. Notably, <em>hsp90s</em> in the spleen were most responsive. This study systematically clarified for the first time the gene structure characteristics, tissue expression patterns, and environmental stress response mechanisms of the HSP90 family in L. <em>crocea</em>. It confirmed that <em>hsp90s</em> show significant functional differentiation and synergy in response to biotic (pathogen infection) and abiotic (thermal stress) stresses, and provides important clues for a deeper understanding of the genetic basis of environmental adaptation in L. <em>crocea</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 111112"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hepatic protective effects and oxidative stress modulation via gene expression in zebrafish (Danio rerio) fed with Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 as a functional feed additive","authors":"Mirna Leandra Enriquez Reyes ,&nbsp;Andrea Idelette Hernandez ,&nbsp;Raíza dos Santos Azevedo ,&nbsp;Beatriz Xavier Figueiredo ,&nbsp;Isaac dos Santos Flores ,&nbsp;Arthur Cardoso ,&nbsp;Tony Silveira ,&nbsp;Iuri Salim Abou Anni ,&nbsp;Antonio Sergio Varela Junior ,&nbsp;Bruna Felix Nornberg ,&nbsp;Luis Fernando Marins","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111111","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111111","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The inclusion of cyanobacteria in aquafeeds is a sustainable alternative to traditional fishmeal. This study evaluated the effects of <em>Synechococcus elongatus</em> PCC 7942 supplementation on intestinal morphology, liver histopathology, and antioxidant gene expression in zebrafish (<em>Danio rerio</em>). Fish were fed a commercial diet (CF) or the same diet supplemented with <em>S. elongatus</em> (EF) for 35 days. Liver histopathology revealed that 62 % of fish in the CF group exhibited generalized liver alteration, while fish in the EF group showed a lower frequency of generalized alteration (31 %) and a higher frequency of multifocal lesions (46 %), suggesting improved hepatic homeostasis. Intestinal morphometry showed no significant changes in villus length between groups. Gene expression analysis demonstrated a significant downregulation of xenobiotic metabolism genes (<em>cyp1a</em>, <em>gst</em>), antioxidant defense genes (<em>sod1</em>, <em>sod2</em>, <em>cat</em>), and steroid metabolism (<em>cyp19a1a</em>) in fish fed <em>S. elongatus</em>, except for <em>gpx</em>, which remained unchanged. The reduction in antioxidant gene expression, along with improved liver histology, suggests a lower oxidative stress in the EF group, likely due to synergistic effects of <em>S. elongatus</em> in mitigating oxidative damage. These findings indicate that <em>S. elongatus</em> supplementation does not impair intestinal morphology or liver function but supports hepatic homeostasis by reducing oxidative stress and modulating liver histopathology. This highlights its potential as a functional feed additive in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 111111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143948440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the role of miR-430 in hybrid fish during embryonic development","authors":"Yirui Zhang ,&nbsp;Chang Wang ,&nbsp;Jiahao Wu,&nbsp;Ting Liu,&nbsp;Han Wu,&nbsp;Zhonghua Peng,&nbsp;Chengxi Liu,&nbsp;Shengwei Wang,&nbsp;Yan Wang,&nbsp;Kaikun Luo,&nbsp;Jing Wang,&nbsp;Shaojun Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111110","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111110","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>miR-430</em>, a microRNA expressed at the maternal-zygotic transition (MZT) stage, plays a vital role in maternal transcript clearance and suppression of primordial germ cell-specific genes. This study investigated the expression and regulation of <em>miR-430</em> in goldfish (<em>Carassius auratus</em> var., ♀) × rare gudgeon (<em>Gobiocypris rarus</em>, ♂) [s-GFRG, survival] and rare gudgeon (♀) × goldfish (♂) [d-RGGF, death] embryos to explore the role of <em>miR-430</em> in hybrid fish. Gene sequence comparisons demonstrated that three types of <em>miR-430</em> in s-GFRG exhibited similarity to that of the female parent goldfish (GF) and displayed characteristic variation. Conversely, d-RGGF exhibited two <em>miR-430</em> variants resembling those of GF and rare gudgeon (RG). In addition, real-time quantitative PCR and whole-mount <em>in situ</em> hybridization revealed that the expression trend of <em>miR-430</em> was the same in hybrid progenies, and temporal expression was delayed compared to that in the parental embryos. However, <em>miR-430</em> expression was significantly lower in d-RGGF than in GF and s-GFRG embryos. Similar to the development of d-RGGF embryos, <em>miR-430</em>-silenced s-GFRG embryos exhibited morphological abnormalities including spinal curvature and pericardial cavity enlargement. Overexpression of <em>miR-430</em> in d-RGGF embryos effectively rescued somitogenesis and prolonged fry survival. Thus, an abnormal MZT resulting from disturbed <em>miR-430</em> expression may contribute to hybrid embryo mortality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 111110"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144027008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterization and expression analysis of interleukin-1 beta in Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica)","authors":"I-Pei Kuo ,&nbsp;Yu-Ting Chu ,&nbsp;Ching-Shuo Liu ,&nbsp;Shuenn-Der Yang ,&nbsp;Fan-Hua Nan","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111102","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111102","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interleukin 1-beta (IL-1B) is a key proinflammatory cytokine involved in disease resistance. In recent years, <em>il</em>-<em>1β</em> genes from several teleosts have been cloned. The Japanese eel (<em>Anguilla japonica</em>) is an evolutionarily primitive fish widely farmed in East Asia. The <em>il</em>-<em>1β</em> gene has not yet been cloned from Japanese eel. In this study, the complete cDNA of <em>il</em>-<em>1β</em> was successfully sequenced from peripheral leukocytes through the rapid amplification of cDNA ends. The <em>il</em>-<em>1β</em> gene consists of five exons and four introns, and the full-length cDNA spans 1204 bp, comprising a 99-bp 5′ untranslated region, a 750-bp coding sequence, and a 355-bp 3′ untranslated region. The deduced amino acid sequence includes a consensus IL-1 family signature but lacks both a signal peptide and an IL-1 converting enzyme cleavage site, similar to other teleost IL-1B proteins. Homology analysis revealed that Japanese eel IL-1B is highly conserved within the order Anguilliformes, sharing the highest similarity with American eel (<em>Anguilla rostrata</em>), followed by conger eel (<em>Conger myriaster</em>). Tissue expression analysis showed that <em>il</em>-<em>1β</em> is constitutively expressed in multiple tissues, with high expression in peripheral leukocytes and the spleen; moderate expression in the gill, liver, head kidney, trunk kidney, and intestine; and low expression in the heart, stomach, skin, and muscle. <em>In vitro</em> stimulation with zymosan, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid, and lipopolysaccharide upregulated <em>il</em>-<em>1β</em> expression in peripheral leukocytes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 111102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regulatory variants of glycogen synthase contribute to differential glycogen content between Crassostrea gigas and C. sikamea","authors":"Ying Tan ,&nbsp;Chenyu Shi ,&nbsp;Qi Li ,&nbsp;Hongqiang Xu ,&nbsp;Shikai Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111101","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111101","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In marine bivalves, glycogen functions as a key energy source, influencing essential physiological processes such as growth, development, gametogenesis, and the reproductive cycle. Glycogen synthase (GYS), the key enzyme regulating glycogen biosynthesis, shows expression patterns directly correlated with seasonal glycogen fluctuations. This study identified genetic variations within the transcriptional regulatory region of the <em>GYS</em> gene in populations of <em>Crassostrea gigas</em> and <em>C. sikamea</em>. Two key single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sites, SNP -792-G/T and SNP -60-T/C, were identified to be associated with glycogen content. The polymorphisms in the <em>GYS</em> gene promoter result in species-specific differences in transcriptional binding activity, with <em>C. sikamea</em> showing higher activity in core region compared to <em>C. gigas</em>. Polymorphisms in this highly conserved promoter region alter the affinity of transcription regulatory elements for hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) and octamer-binding transcription factor 1 (OCT-1), thereby influencing <em>GYS</em> gene expression levels. These changes were related with interspecific differences in glycogen content between <em>C. sikamea</em> and <em>C. gigas</em>. Experimental evidence confirmed the specific binding of transcription factors to SNP-mutated promoter motifs. These SNPs represent critical species-specific regulatory sites and may serve as valuable markers for selecting oyster strains with high glycogen content. Our findings demonstrate that SNPs within the transcription regulatory elements of the <em>GYS</em> gene alter the binding affinity for transcription factors OCT-1 and HIF-1α, thereby playing a critical role in energy metabolism in oysters. Our study offers novel insights into the transcriptional regulation of the <em>GYS</em> gene and its contribution to glycogen storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 111101"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143888182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of dietary oregano essential oil on digestive tissue structure and function, antioxidant and immune responses and gut microbiota of red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii)","authors":"Xinzi Guo ,&nbsp;Zhaoxuan Zhu ,&nbsp;Hanxiao Wang ,&nbsp;Yue Chen ,&nbsp;Songrun Zhang ,&nbsp;Dian Wang ,&nbsp;Xingxing Fang ,&nbsp;Ping Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modifying the diet is an effective strategy to enhance the production and health of farmed red swamp crayfish (<em>Procambarus clarkii</em>). In this study the effects of adding dietary oregano essential oil (OEO) at 0, 100, 300, and 500 mg/kg concentrations were investigated in red swamp crayfish after a 3-week feeding trial. Histology showed no negative impacts on the structural integrity of the hepatopancreas and intestine. Total protease activity in the hepatopancreas, hemolymph alkaline and acid phosphatase activity, hemolymph superoxide dismutase activity and hepatopancreas glutathione levels were higher in the 500 mg/kg OEO group than in the 0 mg/kg group. No significant differences were observed in hepatopancreas phenoloxidase activity or hemolymph malondialdehyde content between treatment groups. Supplementing the diet with OEO upregulated the expression of antioxidant and immune-related genes in the hepatopancreas including metallothionein, gamma interferon-inducible lysosomal thiol reductase, and catalase in the 500 mg/kg OEO group relative to the 0 mg/kg control. Ferritin gene expression was unaltered. The intestinal microbiota of crayfish fed OEO showed an increased relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteriota, and a lower abundance of Firmicutes. This study demonstrates the potential of OEO as a novel feed additive for enhancing antioxidant capacity and the immune response in red swamp crayfish. This research addresses the growing need for sustainable aquaculture practices and highlights the application of plant-derived bioactivities in improving crustacean health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"279 ","pages":"Article 111100"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative whole-genome methylation and transcriptome analysis reveals epigenetic modulation of glucose metabolism by dietary berberine in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala)","authors":"Xiaoyan Jia,&nbsp;Wei Qiang,&nbsp;Le Chang,&nbsp;Kang Xiao,&nbsp;Ronghua Zhou,&nbsp;Qiyong Qiu,&nbsp;Guangzhen Jiang,&nbsp;Xiangfei Li,&nbsp;Cheng Chi,&nbsp;Wenbin Liu,&nbsp;Dingdong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present research was designed to explore the epigenetic mechanism by which dietary berberine (BBR) affects glucose metabolism in fish. Blunt snout bream (<em>Megalobrama amblycephala</em>) is susceptible to disturbances in glucose metabolism when subjected to prolonged high-carbohydrate diets. This study aimed to elucidate whether BBR can enhance glucose regulation in <em>M. amblycephala via</em> modulating DNA methylation levels. Fish (average weight of 20.36 ± 1.44 g) were administered a normal-carbohydrate diet (NC, 30 % carbohydrate), a high-carbohydrate diet (HC, 43 % carbohydrate), or a high-carbohydrate diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg berberine (HB) for 10 weeks. Subsequently, global DNA methylation level, whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS), RNA-seq, bisulfite sequencing PCR, and real-time quantitative PCR were employed to analyze the DNA methylation patterns and transcription results of the liver genome. The findings indicated that high carbohydrate diets induced glucose metabolism disorders in <em>M. amblycephala</em>, whereas BBR mitigated these metabolic disturbances by reducing methylation levels. WGBS results revealed that CG-type cytosine methylation predominated, and that DNA methylation mainly occurred in promoter, intron, and exon regions. Furthermore, analyses demonstrated a negative correlation between DNA methylation around the transcriptional start site and gene expression levels for 47 genes. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these genes were associated with 60 KEGG pathways, including 12 genes implicated in the amelioration of insulin resistance, reduction of gluconeogenesis, and maintenance of glucose homeostasis. Consequently, we generated a comprehensive catalog of liver DNA methylation in <em>M. amblycephala</em>, which provides a foundational framework for future investigations into the epigenetic regulation of glucose metabolism by BBR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 111098"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Vibrio alginolyticus on intestinal health and intestinal flora of sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius)","authors":"Xiaochen Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Chen ,&nbsp;Haoyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Yan Li ,&nbsp;Yijing Han ,&nbsp;Wan Liu ,&nbsp;Yaqiong Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaona Wang ,&nbsp;Xuekai Zhang ,&nbsp;Deyang Tian ,&nbsp;Xiaotong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The aim of this study was to understand the effect of <em>Vibrio alginolyticus</em> on the intestinal tract of <em>Strongylocentrotus intermedius</em>. The effects of injecting <em>V. alginolyticus</em> into the body cavity via the perioral membrane at concentrations of 0 CFU/mL (C), 1.5 × 10⁷ CFU/mL (VA1), and 1.5 × 10⁸ CFU/mL (VA10) on the intestinal tract of <em>S. intermedius</em> were analyzed using histological examination, immunoenzyme activity, and 16S rRNA sequencing. The results showed that <em>V. alginolyticus</em> caused intestinal tissue damage and oxidative stress (e.g. altered levels of superoxide dismutase). In addition, the intestinal flora was altered. At the phylum level, the abundance of Bacteroidota was significantly decreased in the VA10 group, at the genus level, <em>Vibrio</em> spp. exhibited a significant increase following <em>V. alginolyticus</em> injection. Prediction of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes function in the intestinal flora revealed that high concentrations of <em>V. alginolyticus</em> may have induced pathways such as energy metabolism. These results indicated that <em>V. alginolyticus</em> caused lesions in the intestinal morphology of <em>S. intermedius</em> and disrupted the balance of intestinal flora.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 111099"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143859449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of prebiotics added to the culture water on the bacterial profiles of biofloc and the gills, hepatopancreas, and intestine of Penaeus vannamei","authors":"Misael Rosales-Leija ,&nbsp;Delbert M. Gatlin III ,&nbsp;Jonathan P. Holt ,&nbsp;Addison L. Lawrence","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111097","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111097","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prebiotics alter microbial communities by supplying carbon to specific bacteria that benefit the host. However, the effect of prebiotics added to the culture water on shrimp production and bacterial composition has not been demonstrated. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of four prebiotics — short-chain fructooligosaccharide, galactooligosaccharide, inulin, and mannan-oligosaccharide — and two non-prebiotic carbohydrates — sucrose and wheat starch — on shrimp growth, nutrient composition of shrimp muscle and biofloc, biofloc concentration, and bacterial profiles in biofloc and gills, hepatopancreas, and intestine of <em>Penaeus vannamei</em>. Shrimp (6.0 ± 0.5 g) were stocked into 36 tanks (72 shrimp/m²) and raised in a biofloc technology system consisting of two phases: an autotrophic-dominated phase (days 0–4) and a heterotrophic-dominated phase (days 5–26). The prebiotic and non-prebiotic carbohydrates were added to the water at a rate of 3 % of the feed provided. Key findings revealed that adding prebiotics to the water did not affect shrimp growth. Notably, shrimp muscle from the mannan-oligosaccharide treatment exhibited a significantly higher lipid content than that from the galactooligosaccharide treatment (<em>p</em> ≤ 0.05). No significant effect was observed on the nutrient composition of biofloc. Biofloc concentration was lower in the wheat starch treatment (p ≤ 0.05). Finally, the prebiotics altered the bacterial composition of biofloc and shrimp gills, hepatopancreas, and intestine. These results revealed that adding prebiotics to the culture water of a biofloc system has an effect on shrimp quality and microbial communities of biofloc and various shrimp tissues, suggesting their potential benefit on shrimp production and health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 111097"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143782030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary short-chain fatty acid supplementation does not affect growth performance, metabolism, and oxidative status of European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) juveniles","authors":"F. Fontinha ,&nbsp;N. Martins ,&nbsp;R. Magalhães ,&nbsp;H. Peres ,&nbsp;A. Oliva-Teles","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111096","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111096","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of dietary short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) supplementation, on growth performance, metabolism, and antioxidant status of European seabass juveniles. Six isoproteic (43 % crude protein) and isolipidic (18 % crude lipid) diets were formulated to include 0.25 and 0.50 % Sodium acetate (SA), Sodium propionate (SP), or Sodium butyrate (SB). A diet without SCFA supplementation was used as a control. The diets were fed to triplicate groups of European seabass juveniles (initial body weight of 15 g) for 56 days. The supplementation of SCFA in the diet had no impact on the growth, feed utilization, or body composition of seabass. In the intestine, gene expression of pyruvate kinase (<em>pk</em>) and glucokinase (<em>gk</em>), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (<em>pepck</em>), glucose facilitative carrier type 2 (<em>glut2</em>), and citrate synthase (<em>cs</em>) was lower in fish fed the SP0.50 diet than in the other groups. Moreover, fatty acid synthase (<em>fas</em>) gene expression was lower in fish fed the SA0.25, SA0.50, and SB0.25 diets than in the other groups. Further, catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) activity and lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels showed no differences between groups. In contrast, glutathione peroxidase (GPX) activity was higher in fish fed the SP0.50 diet. In the liver, GR activity and LPO levels showed no differences between groups. In contrast, CAT activity was lower in all dietary treatments than in control, and GPX and G6PDH activity was lower in fish fed with the SB (0.25 and 0.50 %) diet than in the other diets. Overall, SCFA supplementation did not affect growth performance and feed utilization and only had minor effects on metabolism and antioxidant defense mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"278 ","pages":"Article 111096"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143744489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}