Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology最新文献

{"title":"Corrigendum to 'Feather carotenoids of the American Redstart (Setophaga ruticilla) across age and sex classes and the reliability of standard color metrics to capture pigment variation' Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 275 (2025) 1-14/111027.","authors":"Jocelyn Hudon, Kile McKenna, Kingsley Donkor, Sean M Mahoney, Christopher M Tonra, Peter P Marra, Laurene M Ratcliffe, Matthew W Reudink","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2026.111263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2026.111263","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"111263"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148414157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular characterisation of catalase in Antarctic teleosts: insights into oxidative stress management in an extreme environment.","authors":"Elisabetta Piva, Francesca Corrà, Shaghayegh Kholdihaghighi, Sara Pacchini, Martina Cortese, Shahid Sherzada, Chiara Fogliano, Simona Di Marino, Rigers Bakiu, Marco Gerdol, Jin-Hyoung Kim, Qianghua Xu, Paola Irato, Sophia Schumann, Gianfranco Santovito","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2026.111283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpb.2026.111283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The permanently sub-zero temperatures and high oxygen solubility of the Southern Ocean promote the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the tissues of resident organisms, imposing persistent oxidative stress. Antarctic notothenioid fish have evolved efficient antioxidant systems to counter this pressure. This study reports the first molecular characterisation of the catalase (cat) transcript and deduced protein (CAT) sequence, together with tissue-specific CAT activity, in two Antarctic species with contrasting physiological traits: the red-blooded notothenioid Trematomus bernacchii and the haemoglobin-less icefish Chionodraco hamatus. Integrating cDNA sequencing with transcriptomic data, we reconstructed full-length cat coding sequences, performed Bayesian and maximum-likelihood phylogenetic analyses, and compared electrostatic surface properties using structural modelling. The cat transcript levels and CAT activity were quantified in liver, gills, heart, and skeletal muscle. Catalytic, NADPH-binding, and substrate-channel residues were fully conserved across Antarctic and non-Antarctic teleosts, consistent with strong purifying selection. T. bernacchii displayed a markedly more negative electrostatic surface than the icefish and non-Antarctic species, a pattern consistent with the increased surface acidity typical of cold-adapted proteins and with the higher oxidative burden of the red-blooded condition. The icefish showed a near-neutral electrostatic profile, consistent with its haemoglobin-less physiology. The liver was the principal site of both cat transcript accumulation and CAT activity in both species. Non-hepatic tissues showed a translation index below unity, consistent with post-transcriptional and/or post-translational regulation, with maximum translational efficiency shifting from the liver in T. bernacchii to the heart in C. hamatus. These findings suggest that enzyme surface properties and tissue-specific translational regulation may jointly contribute to antioxidant homeostasis under extreme marine conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"111283"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional regulation of LC-PUFA biosynthesis in the marine polychaete Platynereis dumerilii.","authors":"Khalida Bainour, Júlia Pérez Ara, Juan C Navarro, Óscar Monroig","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2026.111284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpb.2026.111284","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) are essential nutrients for membrane function, development, and immunity in animals. Polychaetes are promising sources of LC-PUFA due to their endogenous biosynthetic capacity, but optimal feeding strategies to enhance their nutritional value remain poorly understood. We investigated the nutritional regulation of LC-PUFA biosynthesis in the marine polychaete Platynereis dumerilii fed three diets differing in fatty acid (FA) profiles: spinach, yeast, and commercial fish feed. Juveniles were cultured for 37 days at 35‰ salinity, and survival, growth, total lipids, FA profiles, and expression of elongases, desaturases, and putative transcription factors were analysed. Survival rates were high across all diets (93.3-95.0%), while growth was significantly reduced in spinach-fed worms, which showed a lower specific growth rate (1.5 ± 0.1% day^-1) than worms fed yeast (2.2 ± 0.1% day^-1) or fish feed (2.0 ± 0.1% day^-1). Diet strongly affected FA composition: fish feed increased n-3 LC-PUFA, spinach elevated α-linolenic acid, and yeast enhanced n-6 LC-PUFA. Despite low dietary LC-PUFA, eicosapentaenoic acid levels remained stable, indicating active endogenous synthesis. Gene expression responses were diet-dependent, with elongase Elovl2/5 expression higher in fish-feed-fed worms (0.8 ± 0.3) than in yeast-fed worms (0.4 ± 0.1), while the front-end desaturase Fed1 (Δ5 activity) and methyl-end desaturase ω des1 (Δ12 activity) showed their highest expression in spinach-fed worms (3.9 ± 1.8 and 2.4 ± 1.0, respectively). Overall, P. dumerilii adjusted its lipid metabolism in response to dietary inputs, demonstrating transcriptional plasticity and reinforcing its potential as a sustainable source of LC-PUFA.</p>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"111284"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biochemical characterization of serine racemases from major mammalian lineages.","authors":"Kouji Uda, Luke A Moe","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2026.111282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2026.111282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Serine racemase (SR) catalyzes the interconversion of l-serine and d-serine and can also catalyze β-elimination of serine to pyruvate and ammonia. In mammals, however, the presence and enzymatic function of SR have been reported mainly in mouse, rat, and human. It is therefore unclear whether functional SR is broadly conserved across mammals or whether its enzymatic properties differ among lineages. To address this question, we produced and purified eleven SRs from representative eutherians, marsupials, and a monotreme and compared their catalytic properties. All enzymes examined showed both racemization and β-elimination activities. Together with the phylogenetic relationships, these activities suggest that functional SR was present before the monotreme-therian divergence and retained in the lineages examined. Specific activities and kinetic parameters nevertheless differed among species. Residues involved in cofactor and substrate binding were broadly conserved, whereas variation at the substrate-recognition region around positions 150-152 may contribute to the observed kinetic differences. Analysis of public transcriptome data further suggested species differences in tissue expression patterns. Together, these findings show conservation of SR function across the mammalian lineages examined, with species-dependent differences in catalytic properties and expression.</p>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"111282"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148889414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) acts as an appetite regulator rather than as a hypoglycemic incretin in grass carp","authors":"Danhong Cheng ,&nbsp;Manjie Sun ,&nbsp;Jinqian Huang ,&nbsp;Shan Luo ,&nbsp;Haotian Chen ,&nbsp;Shengzhen Jin ,&nbsp;Yanpeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaochen Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111192","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In mammals, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) exerts a potent hypoglycemic effect, whereas its role in fish remains controversial. In this study, synthetic grass carp GIP was administered via intraperitoneal injection, and its effects were evaluated over 24 h. GIP significantly elevated blood glucose levels at 0.5 h post-injection compared to the saline control. This hyperglycemia was accompanied by increased hepatic expression of the gluconeogenic genes glucose-6-phosphatase (<em>g6pc</em>) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 1 (<em>pck1</em>) and decreased expression of the glycolytic gene pyruvate kinase (<em>pk</em>). Postprandial expression of the <em>gip</em> gene was also significantly upregulated in the foregut at 6 h. Furthermore, GIP administration modulated central appetite regulators within 1 h, increasing expression of the anorexigenic cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (<em>cart</em>) and decreasing expression of the orexigenic neuropeptide Y (<em>npy)</em> and agouti related neuropeptide <em>(agrp</em>). Collectively, these results indicate that in grass carp, GIP functions primarily as an appetite regulator rather than as a hypoglycemic incretin, highlighting its potential as a target for studies on appetite control in fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 111192"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145891158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary: Taurine as a central osmoprotectant in marine molluscs – Roles in osmoregulation, oxidative balance and immune homeostasis","authors":"Nguyen Van Thao ,&nbsp;Andrea C. Alfaro ,&nbsp;Nguyen Thao Suong ,&nbsp;Le Viet Dung ,&nbsp;Phan Nguyen Trang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2026.111200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2026.111200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Taurine, a β-amino sulfonic acid, is among the most abundant free amino acids in marine molluscs and functions as a dominant osmoprotectant critical for maintaining cellular homeostasis under fluctuating salinity. Beyond its osmoregulatory role, taurine exerts multifunctional cytoprotective, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory effects, positioning it as a key molecule in molluscan stress physiology. This commentary synthesises our current understanding of taurine dynamics in marine molluscs, highlighting recent advances in taurine transport, metabolism, and stress-responsive regulation. Particular attention is given to the taurine transporter (TauT) and its function in coordinating uptake and efflux during osmotic challenges, as well as the emerging evidence linking taurine to antioxidant defence and innate immunity. By integrating findings from molecular, biochemical, and cellular studies, this commentary underscores taurine as a multifunctional molecule fundamental to molluscan stress tolerance and identifies promising directions for future research, including omics-driven analyses of taurine regulatory pathways and their ecological relevance in rapidly changing marine ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 111200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145919100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of ovarian aromatase (cyp19a1a) in zebrafish cardiac formation and function","authors":"Zulvikar Syambani Ulhaq ,&nbsp;Mitsuyo Kishida","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2026.111204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2026.111204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aromatase, the key enzyme for estrogen biosynthesis, is present in zebrafish as two isoforms: the ovarian form (<em>cyp19a1a</em>; Aromatase A (AroA)) and the brain form (<em>cyp19a1b</em>; Aromatase B (AroB)). Here, we investigated the role of AroA in early cardiac development. RT-PCR and immunostaining demonstrated that only AroA, and not AroB, is expressed in the zebrafish heart, specifically in atrial and ventricular cardiomyocytes and smooth muscle cells of the bulbus arteriosus. Dot blot analysis and whole-mount immunostaining confirmed the reduction of AroA expression in AroA morphants at 2 days post-fertilization (dpf). Phenotypic analysis revealed impaired yolk sac extension and reduced heart size, accompanied by significant downregulation of yolk-associated mRNA expression (vitellogenin 1 (<em>vtg1</em>), ribonuclease-like 2 (<em>rnasel2</em>)) and cardiac development genes (myosin light chain 7 (<em>myl7</em>), natriuretic peptide A (<em>nppa</em>), leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 10 (<em>lrrc10</em>)). Moreover, AroA knockdown suppressed dopamine β-hydroxylase (DBH) protein expression in catecholaminergic cells and significantly reduced heart rate. Morphological assessment using cardiac myosin light chain 2 (<em>cmlc2</em>)<em>:</em>GFP and histological staining showed normal cardiac looping but smaller ventricular chambers. Additionally, morphants exhibited reduced end-systolic volume (ESV) and end-diastolic volume (EDV), accompanied by decreases in stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), and ventricular fractional shortening (FS%). Altogether, these findings demonstrate that AroA is an essential regulator of zebrafish heart morphogenesis and function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 111204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146042318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diel thermal fluctuations during embryonic development affect molecular and physiological phenotypes in later life stages of Fundulus heteroclitus","authors":"Tessa S. Blanchard ,&nbsp;Madison L. Earhart ,&nbsp;Leah Campbell ,&nbsp;Adam Harman ,&nbsp;Ben Staples ,&nbsp;Will Bugg ,&nbsp;Patricia M. Schulte","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111190","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111190","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Temperature varies in aquatic environments across many temporal scales, but relatively few studies have studied the effects of stable versus variable temperatures in fishes, particularly during early development. The goal of our study was to compare the lasting effects of varying extents of diel thermal fluctuation during embryonic development on whole-animal phenotypes and to examine underlying molecular mechanisms. To address this, we used <em>Fundulus heteroclitus</em>, a species of topminnow that inhabits intertidal saltmarshes along the Atlantic coast of North America that experience daily tidal fluctuations. We developed embryos under four different levels of diel thermal fluctuation (26 ± 0 °C, 26 ± 3 °C, 26 ± 5 °C, 26 ± 7 °C) from fertilization to hatch. Once hatched, larvae were raised at a common constant temperature of 26 °C for up to 6 months to test for lasting effects on phenotype due to developmental plasticity. We found evidence of developmental plasticity at our early sampling timepoints (1 and 3 months), as thermal tolerance (Critical thermal maximum (CT_max) and agitation temperature) and hypoxia tolerance decreased in response to fluctuating temperatures, whereas length was greater. By 6 months, length and metabolic rate did not differ between groups. Changes in physiological phenotypes were accompanied by altered mRNA levels of key regulatory genes such as insulin-like growth factors <em>(igfs),</em> heat-shock proteins <em>(hsps),</em> and hypoxia-inducible factor (<em>hif1α)</em>. Together, these data demonstrate exposure to fluctuating temperature during early development has lasting effects for several months at both the physiological and molecular levels, which has implications for predicting the responses of fishes to climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 111190"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145800876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of an immortalized renal epithelial cell line derived from grass carp and its susceptibility to grass carp Reovirus genotype II","authors":"Xiudong Guo ,&nbsp;Shucheng Zheng ,&nbsp;Jiyuan Yin ,&nbsp;Yingying Li ,&nbsp;Yan Ren ,&nbsp;Xubing Mo ,&nbsp;Weiwei Zeng ,&nbsp;Liping Zhang ,&nbsp;Xidong Mu ,&nbsp;Qing Wang ,&nbsp;Yingying Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2026.111201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2026.111201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hemorrhagic disease in grass carp (<em>Ctenopharyngodon idella</em>) caused by grass carp reovirus genotype II (GCRV-II) threatens sustainable aquaculture. To facilitate virus isolation, characterization, and studies on the pathogenic mechanisms of GCRV-II, we established a new cell line, <em>Ctenopharyngodon idella</em> trunk kidney (CITK). This cell line was developed using a trypsin digestion method and exhibited optimal proliferation at 27 °C in Medium 199/Leibovitz's L-15 medium supplemented with 10 % fetal bovine serum (FBS). Karyotype analysis revealed chromosome numbers of 2n = 48 and 2n = 60 at passages 10 (P10) and 60 (P60), respectively, indicating that the cell line underwent spontaneous immortalization during serial passaging. Species authentication (the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I gene (<em>cox1</em>)), along with tissue-specific marker analysis, confirmed that CITK originated from the kidney tissue of grass carp. <em>Mycoplasma</em> testing confirmed the absence of contamination during cultivation. Functional assays demonstrated that CITK cells support efficient transfection with the green fluorescent protein gene plasmid. Notably, CITK exhibited significantly higher susceptibility to GCRV-II HN2407 compared to four other grass carp cell lines, with viral load reaching 6.26 × 10⁵ copies/μL as determined by qRT-PCR. Kinetic analysis of infection revealed that, at 12, 24, and 48 h post-infection, GCRV-II induced time-dependent expression of key genes involved in innate immunity, pattern recognition receptors, signaling transducers, and adaptive immunity. The establishment of the immortalized CITK cell line provides a valuable platform for elucidating the pathogenic mechanisms of GCRV-II, developing antiviral strategies, and advancing studies on host-virus interactions in grass carp.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"283 ","pages":"Article 111201"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145928231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron overload induces hepatic iron deposition and oxidative damage in freshwater fish Megalobrama amblycephala by inhibiting ferroportin 1 gene expression","authors":"Zhengyan Gu ,&nbsp;Linjie Qian ,&nbsp;Wenqiang Jiang ,&nbsp;Siyue Lu ,&nbsp;Yan Lin ,&nbsp;Xianping Ge ,&nbsp;Zhen Liu ,&nbsp;Fufa Qu ,&nbsp;Linghong Miao","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111188","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2025.111188","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of plasma iron overload on hepatic ferroportin 1 (<em>fpn1</em>) expression, iron metabolism and oxidative stress. The experiment presents the first cloning and characterization of <em>Megalobrama amblycephala fpn1</em>. The open reading frame (ORF) is 1689 bp, encoding a 562-amino-acid protein predicted to adopt a canonical major facilitator superfamily (MFS) fold with 12 transmembrane domains. Tissue distribution revealed the highest <em>fpn1</em> expression in the liver, followed by the trunk kidney, spleen, and posterior intestine. To investigate <em>fpn1</em>'s role in iron metabolism, a plasma iron overload model was established by tail vein injection of sterile FeSO₄ solution (1 g/L, 0.5 mL/kg body weight). Plasma iron peaked at 6 h post-injection (hpi), while hepatic iron peaked at 12 hpi (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Signs of hepatic oxidative stress and injury were observed, including increased plasma lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities (6–48 hpi), elevated hepatic malondialdehyde (MDA) content (24–72 hpi), and decreased catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities (6–24 hpi) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Iron overload significantly upregulated hepatic hepcidin (<em>hepc</em>), ferritin (<em>fer</em>) and transferrin (<em>tf</em>) expression (6–24 hpi), while downregulating <em>fpn1</em>, transferrin receptor 1 (<em>tfr1</em>) and divalent metal transporter 1 (<em>dmt1</em>) expression (6–72 hpi) (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). This pattern suggests disrupted iron metabolism with impaired cellular iron export, enhanced storage, and suppressed uptake. Enhancing <em>fpn1</em> expression or inhibiting its degradation may promote iron efflux, activate antioxidant systems, reduce tissue iron burden, and ultimately restore iron homeostasis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"282 ","pages":"Article 111188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145716776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}