Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology最新文献

{"title":"Characterization and functional analysis of a novel goose-type lysozyme from teleost Sebastes schlegelii with implications for antibacterial defense and immune cell modulation.","authors":"Hao Jing, Xue Yan, Yue Wang, Kai Yang, Zi-Yue Chen, Guang-Hua Wang, Min Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111060","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lysozymes are crucial enzymes involved in the innate immune response against bacterial pathogens. In this study, we identified and characterized a goose-type lysozyme gene (SsLyG) from the black rockfish Sebastes schlegelii, an economically important aquaculture species. The deduced amino acid sequence of SsLyG contains 495 residues, which inculded a signal peptide, an immunoglobulin domain, and a goose egg-white lysozyme (GEWL) domain. Tissue expression analysis revealed the highest SsLyG levels in blood, and its transcription was significantly upregulated in the spleen and kidney upon bacterial and polyI:C challenges. Recombinant SsLyGE (rSsLyGE) exhibited lytic activity against Micrococcus lysodeikticus and concentration-dependent binding ability to Staphylococcus aureus and Micrococcus luteus. Furthermore, rSsLyGE promoted peripheral blood lymphocyte proliferation, enhanced macrophage respiratory burst activity, and increased reactive oxygen species production. RNA interference-mediated knockdown of SsLyG resulted in higher bacterial loads in the liver and spleen after Listonella anguillarum challenge, suggesting its role in early antibacterial defense. Collectively, these findings provide insights into the immune function of SsLyG and its potential application in developing antimicrobial strategies for aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"111060"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142856725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hermetia illucens larvae oil as an alternative lipid source: Effects on immune function, antioxidant activity, and inflammatory response in gilthead seabream juveniles.","authors":"Sara Moutinho, Helena Peres, Filipa Fontinha, Tássia Estevão-Rodrigues, Óscar Monroig, Rui Magalhães, Lina Pulido-Rodríguez, Giuliana Parisi, Aires Oliva-Teles","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111059","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hermetia illucens larvae oil (HIO) is a promising new ingredient that can potentially be an alternative lipid source in aquafeeds. To assess its viability in gilthead seabream juvenile diets, a 10-week feeding trial was performed, and the effects on antioxidant, immune, and inflammatory responses were evaluated. Four diets were formulated to include HIO at increasing levels: 0, 4, 7.9, and 9.5 %, replacing a vegetable oil mix at 0, 42 %, 84 %, and 100 %, respectively. At the end of the trial, no significant changes were detected in the plasma immune humoral parameters, except for a linear increase in plasma peroxidase activity. Hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO) remained unchanged, while the activity of antioxidant enzymes showed a linear increase corresponding to the level of dietary HIO inclusion. Fish fed the HIO diets exhibited lower intestinal LPO, and no differences between groups were observed in the activity of the oxidative stress-related enzymes. Regarding the inflammation-related genes, the different diets did not affect interleukin-1β and transforming growth factor β expressions in the intestine. In contrast, upregulation of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-10 was observed, being higher in fish fed the diet with total vegetable oil replacement than the others. In conclusion, these findings suggest that Hermetia illucens larvae oil can be included at levels up to 7.9 % of gilthead seabream juvenile diets without compromising their immune, antioxidant, and inflammatory responses while enhancing intestinal LPO.</p>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"111059"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142839970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Rhodopseudomonas palustris and composite probiotics on growth performance, intestinal health, and non-specific immunity of sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius).","authors":"Yuntian Zhang, Rongwei Zhang, Zhixu Guo, Yi Chen, Xiangyu Meng, Yuzhe Han, Xiaoran Zhao, Tongjun Ren","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111058","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent decades, antibiotics have been widely used in sea urchin aquaculture to prevent diseases and improve water quality. However, their use leads to the emergence of resistant strains and environmental problems. Probiotics can serve as a green and pollution-free alternative. In this study, we mixed probiotics (Rhodopseudomonas palustris) (3 × 10⁸ CFU/mL) and composite probiotics (5 × 10⁸ CFU/mL) in a 1:1 ratio, establishing four supplementation levels: 0 % (FC, control group), 0.5 % (FL group), 1 % (FM group), and 2 % (FH group). At the end of the 50-day experiment, compared to the control group (FC), supplementation with R. palustris and composite probiotics (containing 60.13 % Lactobacillaceae and 20.79 % Acetobacteraceae) in the FL, FM, and FH groups significantly improved the growth performance of sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus intermedius), including final body weight (FBW), weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and gonadosomatic index (GSI). Additionally, antioxidant indicators (e.g., total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT)), immune indicators (e.g., acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (AKP), and lysozyme (LZM)), and digestive enzyme activity were significantly increased in FM and FH groups. Probiotic supplementation also increased colonization of beneficial bacteria (Rhodobacteraceae) and enhanced microbiota diversity. The FM group, in particular, showed significantly upregulated expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione (GST), toll-like receptor (TLR), and lysozyme (LYZ) genes. Overall, 1 % supplementation significantly enhanced growth, antioxidant capacity, digestive ability, microbiota stability, and immune-related gene expression in S. intermedius.</p>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"111058"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mitochondrial membrane potential and the sources of reactive oxygen species in the hemocytes of the ark clam Anadara kagoshimensis under hypoosmotic stress.","authors":"Daria S Lavrichenko, Elina S Chelebieva, Ekaterina S Kladchenko","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To compensate for changes in cell volume caused by changes in salt concentration, mollusks use regulatory mechanisms such as the regulation of volume decrease (RVD). This may increase the rate of aerobic metabolism and lead to an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study examined the production of ROS in the mitochondria of Anadara kagoshiensis hemocytes, the effect of mitochondrial inhibitors on osmotic stability in hemocytes, and the dynamics of changes in ROS levels and mitochondrial membrane potential when RVD is activated under hypo-osmotic conditions. Hemocytes maintained at a control osmolarity of 460 mOsm l^-1 showed significant decreases in ROS production following incubation with complex III inhibitors (S3QEL). Hypoosmotic shock stimulated RVD in all experimental groups. The cell volume increased by about 70 % immediately after osmolarity was reduced, and then decreased by about 40 % over the next 30 min. A reduction in osmolarity from about 460 to 200 mOsm l^-1 significantly decreased ROS and mitochondrial potentials in A. kashimensis hemocyctes. Inhibitors of mitochondrial complexes did not affect changes in ROS or mitochondria potentials in A kashimiensis hemocytes under hypoosmotic conditions or in hemocyte volume regulation mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":" ","pages":"111057"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142815036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiology, leptin gene expression, and intestinal morphology of pinhead and starved milkfish (Chanos chanos)","authors":"Chia-Jui Liu ,&nbsp;Chia-Hao Chang ,&nbsp;Yu-Xuan Lin ,&nbsp;Yu-Ting Lin ,&nbsp;Chun-Yi Yeh ,&nbsp;Wan-Cih He ,&nbsp;Naveen Ranasinghe ,&nbsp;Salman Akram ,&nbsp;Tsung-Han Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>“Pinhead” is an abnormal condition of farmed fish which is rarely studied, albeit well known among fish culturists, and is characterized by extreme emaciation and anorexia. In this study, the potential impacts of pinhead condition in milkfish were analyzed and compared to fed, healthy, and a group starved for four weeks. The condition factor and hepatosomatic index of pinhead milkfish were significantly lower compared with fed, healthy individuals. Abnormal plasma osmolality and muscle water content in pinhead milkfish indicated an imbalance in their internal water content. The anorexigenic hormone, leptin A was highly expressed in liver of pinhead milkfish, which could be related to their lack of appetite. Meanwhile, the hepatosomatic index, intestinal somatic index, enterocyte height, number of villi and goblet cells, Na⁺/K⁺- ATPase activity, and intestinal protein content of the pinhead milkfish were similar to those of the 4-week starved individuals. Taken together, our results characterized key physiological parameters of pinhead milkfish for the first time. Further investigation is required to understand how environmental or artificial stress can lead to the occurrence of pinhead milkfish, and to develop methods for alleviating this condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 111048"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142669768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Chlorella sp. and Schizochytrium sp. extracts on growth indices, body composition, and gene expression profiles in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)","authors":"Boran Karataş","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study assessed the impact of dietary <em>Chlorella</em> sp. and <em>Schizochytrium</em> sp. extracts on growth performance, feed utilization, body composition, and gene expression related to growth, digestion, antioxidant defense, and immune response in rainbow trout (<em>Oncorhynchus mykiss</em>). A total of 180 fish (average weight 8.92 ± 0.04 g) were randomly distributed into 12 fiberglass tanks (400 L, 15 fish per tank, three replicates per treatment). Fish were divided into four dietary groups for 60 days: 0 % (Control), 0.5 % <em>Chlorella</em> sp. extract (CH), 0.5 % <em>Schizochytrium</em> sp. extract (SC), and a combined 0.25 % <em>Chlorella</em> sp. and 0.25 % <em>Schizochytrium</em> sp. (CH + SC). At trial end, fish in the CH + SC group had a final weight (FW) of 27.06 ± 0.28 g, significantly higher than other groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), with improved growth parameters (P &lt; 0.05). While body composition showed no differences in moisture, lipid, or ash content, crude protein was significantly higher in CH + SC (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Gene expression analysis showed upregulation of the growth hormone GH-I gene in the CH + SC group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Genes related to digestive enzymes (trypsin, lipase, amylase) were also upregulated in all microalgae groups, with the highest levels in CH + SC (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Additionally, antioxidant genes (SOD, CAT, GPx) and immune-related genes (LYZII, TNF-α, IL-1β) showed elevated expression in CH + SC (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). This study demonstrated that a diet containing <em>Chlorella</em> sp. and <em>Schizochytrium</em> sp. extracts supports growth, enhances nutrient utilization, and upregulates genes related to antioxidant and immune function in rainbow trout. Further research is recommended to assess functional immune responses and enzyme activities to confirm these physiological effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"276 ","pages":"Article 111047"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cortisol suppresses lipopolysaccharide-induced in vitro inflammatory response of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) via the glucocorticoid receptor and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways","authors":"Jixiu Wang ,&nbsp;Chenqian Wu ,&nbsp;Zhiqing Ye ,&nbsp;Xiaolong Yin ,&nbsp;Weiye Li ,&nbsp;Guangbo Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhijing Jiang ,&nbsp;Xudong Liang ,&nbsp;Ying Wei ,&nbsp;Lifei Ge ,&nbsp;Xiuwen Xu ,&nbsp;Tianming Wang ,&nbsp;Jingwen Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glucocorticoids (GCs) are well-established anti-inflammatory agents, with cortisol, an endogenous GC, exerting pivotal regulatory effects on normal physiological processes. However, the immune regulatory role of cortisol in teleost fish, particularly in inflammation induced by pathogenic infection, remains largely unexplored. Here, we revealed that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) triggers a pro-inflammatory response in the large yellow croaker (<em>Larimichthys crocea</em>), as evidenced by increased expression of key pro-inflammatory cytokines and activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. We further explored the immunosuppressive capacity of cortisol in LPS-stimulated large yellow croaker kidney cells (PCK cells) and <em>in vitro</em> tissues of the large yellow croaker. Our findings indicated that cortisol effectively suppresses LPS-induced overexpression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and p38 MAPK pathway activation. Moreover, the immunosuppressive effects of cortisol were reversed by pretreatment with mifepristone, a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) antagonist. Collectively, this study delineated the inhibitory role of cortisol in the LPS-induced inflammatory cascade in large yellow croaker and underscores the significance of GR in mediating this response. These insights advance our comprehension of GCs-mediated immune modulation and provide a theoretical basis for the application of cortisol in disease prevention and the selective breeding of disease-resistant traits in aquaculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"275 ","pages":"Article 111046"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protein digestion and amino acid absorption mechanisms along the midgut of Musca domestica larvae","authors":"Ignacio G. Barroso,&nbsp;Carolina K. Canettieri,&nbsp;Clelia Ferreira,&nbsp;Walter R. Terra","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A model of protein digestion and peptide and amino acid absorption along the midgut of <em>Musca domestica</em> larvae was proposed and supported by RNA-Seq analyses, protein bioinformatics, microvillar-membrane-enriched midgut proteomics, and enzymatic activities. Peptidase genes are highly expressed in the posterior midgut (PM), whereas those for cathepsins have expression limited to the middle midgut (MM). MM has the lowest levels of gene expression of almost all peptidases but has high expression of genes for membrane-bound serine endopeptidases. The anterior midgut (AM) has intermediate expression values of serine endopeptidase and aminopeptidase (AP) genes and low expression of carboxypeptidases (CPs). Gene expression and peptidase activities were usually consistent for putative intracellular and membrane-bound enzymes. However, secreted peptidase gene expression and activities have divergent values, especially in the PM, which may be due to the countercurrent water flux causing enzyme recycling, thus decreasing their excretion. Data suggest that Trys and APs act in the AM. In the acidic MM, lysozymes kill microorganisms found in the diet, releasing proteins digested by cathepsins D, which may also digest Trys coming from the AM. Finally, highly active serine endopeptidases, CPs, dipeptidases, and APs complete protein digestion in PM. Absorption of peptides and amino acids coupled to protons may occur along the midgut, especially in PM, as occurs for facilitated amino acid transport. Absorption with sodium ions is probably restricted to AM and PM. Our findings provide valuable insights into the protein digestion and amino acid absorption mechanism in <em>M. domestica</em> larvae.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"275 ","pages":"Article 111045"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oxidative stress levels and antioxidant defense mechanisms (Nrf2-Keap1 signaling pathway) in the Harderian glands of hibernating Daurian ground squirrels","authors":"Zhe Wang ,&nbsp;Lu-Fan Li ,&nbsp;Yu-Jing Yan ,&nbsp;Jun-Yao Huang ,&nbsp;Yan-Fei Xi ,&nbsp;Ming-Yan Yuan ,&nbsp;Jie-Yao Dong ,&nbsp;Ming-Di Wang ,&nbsp;Kai Dang","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cyclic hibernation bouts in Daurian ground squirrels (<em>Spermophilus dauricus</em>) lead to repeated suppression and recovery of mitochondrial respiratory function across multiple organs, potentially impacting reactive oxygen species (ROS) dynamics. The Harderian gland (HG) plays an important role in endocrine regulation through porphyrin secretion. However, the influence of hibernation on oxidative pressure and associated antioxidant pathways in the HG remains inadequately understood. In the current study, we investigated the morphological changes, secretory activity, ROS levels, and underlying mechanisms in the HG of Daurian ground squirrels at distinct circannual stages of hibernation. Results indicated that: (1) Protoporphyrin levels in the HG increased during hibernation compared to the summer active (SA) phase, with a reduction in acinar lumen during torpor, potentially related to hibernation in a low-light environment. (2) Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content during hibernation and post-hibernation (POST) did not exceed the levels observed in SA, indicating that the HG effectively mitigated oxidative pressure and lipid peroxidation during these periods. (3) Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity increased while glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity decreased during Inter-bout arousal (IBA) compared to both SA and torpor, although total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) remained stable across all stages. (4) Overall fluorescent intensity of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) was significantly lower than in SA. These findings demonstrate that the HG in Daurian ground squirrels maintains a favorable oxidative status through the regulation of antioxidant enzyme activities during hibernation and even post-hibernation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"275 ","pages":"Article 111044"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization and functional analysis of pl-miR-2188 in melanin synthesis in leopard coral grouper (Plectropomus leopardus)","authors":"Ruijuan Hao ,&nbsp;Liancheng Li ,&nbsp;Dongying Zhang ,&nbsp;Yali Tian ,&nbsp;Hongzhao Long ,&nbsp;Hang Li ,&nbsp;Xiaowen Zhu ,&nbsp;Yang Huang ,&nbsp;Guangli Li ,&nbsp;Chunhua Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cbpb.2024.111043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to regulate gene expression and play a role in body color formation in fish. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying miRNA involvement in the body color of leopard coral grouper (<em>Plectropomus leopardus</em>) remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigated the expression levels of miR-2188 in red and black <em>P. leopardus</em> (pl-miR-2188) and found significantly higher expression levels in red fish samples compared to those in black fish samples. Silencing pl-miR-2188 in vivo using a pl-miR-2188 antagomir resulted in increased melanin concentration. Following pl-miR-2188 silencing, the expression levels of melanin-related genes, such as tyrosinase (<em>tyr</em>), TYR-related protein 1 (<em>tyrp1–1</em> and <em>tyrp1–2</em>) and TYR-related protein 2 (<em>tyrp2</em>), and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (<em>mitf</em>), were elevated. RNAhybrid predictions and dual-luciferase reporter assays identified <em>sox5</em> as a target mRNA of pl-miR-2188. Following pl-miR-2188 antagomir injection, <em>sox5</em> expression was significantly upregulated in the injection group compared to that in control groups (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). These results suggest that pl-miR-2188 may regulate melanin synthesis in <em>P. leopardus</em> by targeting <em>sox5</em>. This study provides new insights into the miRNA–mRNA interactions involved in melanin synthesis and body color formation in the leopard coral grouper.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55236,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology B-Biochemistry & Molecular Biology","volume":"275 ","pages":"Article 111043"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}