{"title":"Multigrid method with greedy partial block Jacobi smoother for solving two-dimensional space-fractional diffusion equations","authors":"Kang-Ya Lu , Xiao-Yun Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Based on the block Jacobi splitting, a kind of <em>greedy partial block Jacobi</em> (<strong>GPBJ</strong>) iteration method is constructed by greedily selecting the blocks with relatively large residuals and performing the block Jacobi iteration on the selected blocks. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the GPBJ iteration is unconditionally convergent if the coefficient matrix of the linear system is <em>H</em>-matrix. Then combining with the alternating direction strategy, the GPBJ smoothed multigrid method is designed to solve the discrete linear system of two-dimensional space-fractional diffusion equations, where the coefficient matrix is strictly diagonally dominant. Numerical experiments indicate that the multigrid method smoothed by the GPBJ iteration can significantly reduce the computation time for solving the considered discrete linear system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55218,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","volume":"191 ","pages":"Pages 245-254"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144105611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hao Dong , Yanqi Wang , Changqing Ye , Yihan Nie , Puyang Gao
{"title":"Higher-order three-scale asymptotic model and efficient two-stage numerical algorithm for transient nonlinear thermal conduction problems of composite structures","authors":"Hao Dong , Yanqi Wang , Changqing Ye , Yihan Nie , Puyang Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The accurate thermal analysis of composite structures remains a challenging issue due to complicated multiscale configurations and nonlinear temperature-dependent behaviors. This work offers a novel higher-order three-scale asymptotic (HOTSA) model and corresponding numerical algorithm for accurately and efficiently simulating transient nonlinear thermal conduction problems of heterogeneous structures with three-scale spatial hierarchy. Firstly, by recursively macro-meso and meso-micro two-scale asymptotic analysis, the macro-meso-micro correlative HOTSA model is established with higher-order cell functions and higher-order correction terms. Then, a rigorous error estimation of the HOTSA model is presented under some assumptions in the point-wise and integral sense. Furthermore, a two-stage numerical algorithm with offline micro-meso computation and online macro-multiscale computation is developed to implement efficient and high-accuracy thermal simulation for heterogeneous structures with three-level spatial scales. Finally, numerical experiments are conducted to assess the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed HOTSA model and two-stage algorithm. This study establishes a reliable higher-order three-scale computational framework, that has a great potential for accurately capturing the microscopic oscillatory information of composite structures along with a drastic reduction in the computation resource.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55218,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","volume":"192 ","pages":"Pages 72-103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unconditionally energy-stable discontinuous Galerkin method for the dynamics model of protein folding","authors":"Dan Zhang , YuXing Zhang , Bo Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, we present the coupled nonlinear Schrödinger equations to describe the conformational dynamics of protein secondary structure. We first construct a structure-preserving discrete scheme that ensures both mass conservation and energy stability. The proposed scheme is employed by combining the discontinuous Galerkin (DG) method for spatial discretization, Crank-Nicolson (C-N) approximation for temporal discretization, a second-order convex-concave splitting for the double-well potential and adding additional stabilization term. Moreover, by using the Brouwer fixed point theorem and the Gagliardo-Nirenberg inequality, we rigorously prove the unique solvability and convergence with second-order accuracy in both time and space without the grid ratio condition. Finally, numerical experiments are carried out to demonstrate the convergence rate, mass conservation, energy stability and performance of the developed scheme.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55218,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","volume":"192 ","pages":"Pages 14-36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal convergence analysis of an energy dissipation property virtual element method for the nonlinear Benjamin-Bona-Mahony-Burgers equation","authors":"Yanping Chen , Wanxiang Liu , Fangfang Qin , Qin Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A novel arbitrary high-order energy-stable fully discrete schemes are proposed for the nonlinear Benjamin-Bona-Mahony-Burgers equation based on linearized Crank-Nicolson scheme in time and the virtual element discretization in space. Two skew-symmetric discrete forms are introduced to preserve energy dissipation of the numerical scheme. Furthermore, by utilizing the <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>L</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> projection to approximate the nonlinear term and estimating the error of the discrete bilinear forms carefully, the optimal error estimate of the numerical scheme in the <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>-norm is obtained. Finally, several numerical examples on various mesh types are provided to demonstrate the energy stability, optimal convergence and high efficiency of the method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55218,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","volume":"192 ","pages":"Pages 37-53"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chen Liu , Jingwei Hu , William T. Taitano , Xiangxiong Zhang
{"title":"An optimization-based positivity-preserving limiter in semi-implicit discontinuous Galerkin schemes solving Fokker–Planck equations","authors":"Chen Liu , Jingwei Hu , William T. Taitano , Xiangxiong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For high-order accurate schemes such as discontinuous Galerkin (DG) methods solving Fokker–Planck equations, it is desired to efficiently enforce positivity without losing conservation and high-order accuracy, especially for implicit time discretizations. We consider an optimization-based positivity-preserving limiter for enforcing positivity of cell averages of DG solutions in a semi-implicit time discretization scheme, so that the point values can be easily enforced to be positive by a simple scaling limiter on the DG polynomial in each cell. The optimization can be efficiently solved by a first-order splitting method with nearly optimal parameters, which has an <span><math><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>N</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> computational complexity and is flexible for parallel computation. Numerical tests are shown on some representative examples to demonstrate the performance of the proposed method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55218,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","volume":"192 ","pages":"Pages 54-71"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jingui Zhao , Guirong Liu , Jinhui Zhao , Gang Wang , Zhonghu Wang , Zirui Li
{"title":"Modal analysis of biological structures based on the smoothed finite element methods","authors":"Jingui Zhao , Guirong Liu , Jinhui Zhao , Gang Wang , Zhonghu Wang , Zirui Li","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The smoothed finite element model exhibits a \"softening effect,\" resulting in reduced stiffness compared to the standard finite element model. This study employs the smoothed finite element methods (S-FEMs) with automatically generated tetrahedral meshes to perform modal analysis of biological structures subjected to arbitrary dynamic forces. Various S-FEM models are developed, including Edge-based, Face-based, and Node-based cross-element smoothing domains within the tetrahedral mesh framework, referred to as ES/FS/NS-FEM-T4. Using the gradient smoothing technique, the process of obtaining the strain-displacement matrix requires only the value of the shape function, not the inverse of the shape function, and no mapping is required. Additionally, by incorporating a Taylor expansion term for the strain gradient within the node-based smoothing domain framework, we introduce a stable node-based smoothed finite element method (SNS-FEM). Furthermore, the Lanczos algorithm and the modal superposition technique are integrated into our S-FEM models to compute the transient response of bone structures within the human body. The results obtained from S-FEMs are evaluated against the standard finite element method with respect to accuracy, convergence, and computational efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55218,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","volume":"191 ","pages":"Pages 188-227"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144070929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"High-order implicit Runge-Kutta Fourier pseudospectral methods for wave equations","authors":"Ian T. Morgan , Youzuo Lin , Songting Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dispersion error, also known as the pollution effect, is one of the main difficulties in numerical solutions to the wave propagation problem at high wavenumbers. The pollution effect, especially in mesh-based methods, can potentially be controlled by using either finer meshes or higher-order discretizations. Using finer meshes often leads to large systems that are computationally expensive to solve, especially for medium to high wavenumbers. Therefore, higher-order approximations are preferred to achieve good accuracy with manageable complexity. In this work, we will present high-order methods with implicit Runge-Kutta time integration and Fourier pseudospectral spatial approximations for the wave equation in a domain of interest surrounded by a sponge layer. At each time step, applying an appropriate A-stable implicit Runge-Kutta time-stepping method results in a modified Helmholtz equation that needs to be solved, for which an efficient iterative functional evaluation method with Fourier pseudospectral approximations will be proposed. The functional evaluation method transforms the equation into a functional iteration problem associated with an exponential operator that can be solved iteratively with guaranteed efficient convergence, where the exponential operator is evaluated by high-order operator splitting techniques and Fourier pseudospectral approximations. Numerical experiments are performed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55218,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","volume":"192 ","pages":"Pages 1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144067223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physics informed neural network framework for unsteady discretized reduced order system","authors":"Rahul Halder , Giovanni Stabile , Gianluigi Rozza","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work addresses the development of a physics-informed neural network (PINN) with a loss term derived from a discretized time-dependent full-order and reduced-order system. In this work, first, the governing equations are discretized using a finite difference scheme (whereas any other discretization technique can be adopted), then projected on a reduced or latent space using the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD)-Galerkin approach, and next, the residual arising from discretized reduced order equation is considered as an additional loss penalty term alongside the data-driven loss term using different variants of deep learning method such as Artificial neural network (ANN), Long Short-Term Memory based neural network (LSTM). The LSTM neural network has been proven to be very effective for time-dependent problems in a purely data-driven environment. The current work demonstrates the LSTM network's potential over ANN networks in PINN as well. The major difficulties in coupling PINN with external forward solvers often arise from the inability to access the discretized forms of the governing equation directly through the PINN solver and also to include those forms in the computational graph of the network. This poses a significant challenge, especially when a gradient-based optimization approach is considered in the neural network. Therefore, we propose an additional step in the PINN algorithm to overcome these difficulties. The proposed methods are applied to a pitch-plunge airfoil motion governed by rigid-body dynamics and a one-dimensional viscous Burgers' equation. The potential of using discretized governing equations instead of a continuous form lies in the flexibility of input to the PINN. The current work also demonstrates the prediction capability of various discretized-physics-informed neural networks outside the domain where the data is available or where the governing equation-based residuals are minimized.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55218,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","volume":"191 ","pages":"Pages 167-187"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143934816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Numerical simulation for pulmonary airway reopening in alveolar duct by lattice Boltzmann method","authors":"Qianyu Lv , Bing He , Chunyan Qin , Binghai Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.05.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aerosols, which are generated by the rupture of the liquid plug in the pulmonary respiratory tract, are important carriers of the viruses of infectious respiratory diseases, such as flu, tuberculosis, COVID-19, and Measles. In this study, we investigate liquid plug rupture and aerosol generation in the low respiratory tract with the alveolar structures by the chemical-potential multiphase lattice Boltzmann method. In a single alveolus duct, the opening expedites a unilateral break of the liquid plug due to a portion of the liquid flowing into the alveolus, and a microdroplet is yielded in the rupture. Aerosol would be deflected and reintegrated into the liquid film when the force is not great enough, which generates greater shear stresses to the inner wall where the microdroplet falls. In two alveoli duct, the rupture times of the upper and lower neck of the liquid plug depend on the radius ratio of the upper and lower alveolar. After the rupture of the liquid plug, the movement trajectory of the droplet is influenced by the alveoli structure to move forward or upward deflection. Interestingly, with the increase of radius ratio of the upper and lower alveolar, the mass of the fluid inflow into the alveoli decreases, while the mass of the aerosol generated by the rupture increase. This work contributes to understanding complex flow properties in the pulmonary airways, and the model can be extended to study the transport of liquid plugs and the generation of aerosol particles in more complex respiratory tract structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55218,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","volume":"190 ","pages":"Pages 206-218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143937560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A new numerical strategy for the drift-diffusion equations based on bridging the hybrid mixed and exponential fitted methods","authors":"Aline C. da Rocha","doi":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.04.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.camwa.2025.04.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a new discretization scheme to solve the stationary drift-diffusion equations based on the hybrid mixed finite element method. A convenient change of variables is adopted and the partial differential equations of the system are decoupled and linearized through Gummel's map. This gives rise to three equations that need to be solved in a staggered fashion: one of reaction-diffusion type (Poisson) and two exhibiting a diffusion-reaction character (continuity equations). The Poisson's equation is solved by the classical hybrid mixed finite element method, while the continuity equations are discretized by a new version of the hybrid mixed exponential fitted method. The novelty here lies on the bridging terms between Poisson and each continuity equation, pursued by exploring direct relations between the Lagrange multipliers, thereby avoiding the use of a projection operator. The static condensation technique is adopted to reduce the number of degrees of freedom. Moreover, the finite dimensional functional spaces characterizing the hybrid mixed methods are chosen to ensure that the discrete problems satisfy the discrete maximum principle when a mesh of rectangular elements is used. Numerical experiments simulating semiconductor devices are presented, showing that the proposed methodology is capable of producing solutions free from spurious oscillations and accurate fluxes without the need of highly refined or complex meshes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55218,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Mathematics with Applications","volume":"190 ","pages":"Pages 185-205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}