Experimental Astronomy最新文献

{"title":"Simulation of the in-flight background and performance of DRO/GTM","authors":"Chenwei Wang,&nbsp;Juan Zhang,&nbsp;Shijie Zheng,&nbsp;Shaolin Xiong,&nbsp;Zhenghua An,&nbsp;Wenxi Peng,&nbsp;Haisheng Zhao,&nbsp;Xiaoyun Zhao,&nbsp;Chao Zheng,&nbsp;Peiyi Feng,&nbsp;Ke Gong,&nbsp;Dongya Guo,&nbsp;Xinqiao Li,&nbsp;Jiacong Liu,&nbsp;Yaqing Liu,&nbsp;Wenjun Tan,&nbsp;Yue Wang,&nbsp;Wangchen Xue,&nbsp;Sheng Yang,&nbsp;Dali Zhang,&nbsp;Fan Zhang,&nbsp;Yanqiu Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10686-024-09946-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10686-024-09946-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As a new member of the high energy astronomical transient monitoring network, Gamma-ray Transient Monitor (GTM) is an all-sky monitor onboard the Distant Retrograde Orbit (DRO) mission which has been launched in March 2024. In this work, we investigate the space radiation environment of DRO, and study the in-flight background of GTM using GEANT4. The background count rate on each of the 5 GTP detectors of GTM is estimated to be about 800<span>(sim )</span>1000 counts/s in the energy range from 20 keV to 1 MeV after one-year operation on orbit. We find that there are two distinct spectral lines clearly visible in the background spectrum, i.e. the 59 keV emission line from the embedded calibration source <span>(^{241})</span>Am and the 511 keV emission line induced by space radiations, which are suitable for the in-flight energy gain calibration. These results provide important reference for the development of payload, design of observation strategies, in-flight calibration of instrument and research of scientific objectives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":551,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Astronomy","volume":"57 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141401537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of cosmic microwave background using non-extensive statistics","authors":"Somita Dhal,&nbsp;R. K. Paul","doi":"10.1007/s10686-024-09943-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10686-024-09943-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation, the relic afterglow of the Big Bang, has become one of the most useful and precise tools in modern precision cosmology. In this article, we employ Tsallis non-extensive statistical framework to calculate the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and its probability distribution by utilising a recently proposed blackbody radiation inversion (BRI) technique and the cosmic background explorer/ far infrared absolute spectrophotometer (COBE/FIRAS) dataset. Here, we have used the best-fit values of q = 0.99888 ± 0.00016 and q = 1.00012 ± 0.00001, obtained by fitting COBE/FIRAS data with two different versions of non-extensive models. We compare the results with the more conventional extensive statistical analysis i.e. for q = 1.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":551,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Astronomy","volume":"57 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141402329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daksha: on alert for high energy transients","authors":"Varun Bhalerao,&nbsp;Santosh Vadawale,&nbsp;Shriharsh Tendulkar,&nbsp;Dipankar Bhattacharya,&nbsp;Vikram Rana,&nbsp;Hitesh Kumar L. Adalja,&nbsp;Hrishikesh Belatikar,&nbsp;Mahesh Bhaganagare,&nbsp;Gulab Dewangan,&nbsp;Abhijeet Ghodgaonkar,&nbsp;Shiv Kumar Goyal,&nbsp;Suresh Gunasekaran,&nbsp;Guruprasad P J,&nbsp;Jayprakash G. Koyande,&nbsp;Salil Kulkarni,&nbsp;APK Kutty,&nbsp;Tinkal Ladiya,&nbsp;Suddhasatta Mahapatra,&nbsp;Deepak Marla,&nbsp;Sujay Mate,&nbsp;N.P.S. Mithun,&nbsp;Rakesh Mote,&nbsp;Sanjoli Narang,&nbsp;Ayush Nema,&nbsp;Sudhanshu Nimbalkar,&nbsp;Archana Pai,&nbsp;Sourav Palit,&nbsp;Arpit Patel,&nbsp;Jinaykumar Patel,&nbsp;Priya Pradeep,&nbsp;Prabhu Ramachandran,&nbsp;B.S. Bharath Saiguhan,&nbsp;Divita Saraogi,&nbsp;Disha Sawant,&nbsp;M. Shanmugam,&nbsp;Piyush Sharma,&nbsp;Amit Shetye,&nbsp;Nishant Singh,&nbsp;Shreeya Singh,&nbsp;Akshat Singhal,&nbsp;S. Sreekumar,&nbsp;Srividhya Sridhar,&nbsp;Rahul Srinivasan,&nbsp;Siddharth Tallur,&nbsp;Neeraj K. Tiwari,&nbsp;Amrutha Lakshmi Vadladi,&nbsp;C. S. Vaishnava,&nbsp;Sandeep Vishwakarma,&nbsp;Gaurav Waratkar","doi":"10.1007/s10686-024-09926-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10686-024-09926-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present <i>Daksha</i>, a proposed high energy transients mission for the study of electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave sources, and gamma ray bursts. <i>Daksha</i> will comprise of two satellites in low earth equatorial orbits, on opposite sides of the Earth. Each satellite will carry three types of detectors to cover the entire sky in an energy range from 1 keV to <span>(&gt;1)</span> MeV. Any transients detected on-board will be announced publicly within minutes of discovery. All photon data will be downloaded in ground station passes to obtain source positions, spectra, and light curves. In addition, <i>Daksha</i> will address a wide range of science cases including monitoring X-ray pulsars, studies of magnetars, solar flares, searches for fast radio burst counterparts, routine monitoring of bright persistent high energy sources, terrestrial gamma-ray flashes, and probing primordial black hole abundances through lensing. In this paper, we discuss the technical capabilities of <i>Daksha</i>, while the detailed science case is discussed in a separate paper.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":551,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Astronomy","volume":"57 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141529176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Science with the Daksha high energy transients mission","authors":"Varun Bhalerao,&nbsp;Disha Sawant,&nbsp;Archana Pai,&nbsp;Shriharsh Tendulkar,&nbsp;Santosh Vadawale,&nbsp;Dipankar Bhattacharya,&nbsp;Vikram Rana,&nbsp;Hitesh Kumar L. Adalja,&nbsp;G C Anupama,&nbsp;Suman Bala,&nbsp;Smaranika Banerjee,&nbsp;Judhajeet Basu,&nbsp;Hrishikesh Belatikar,&nbsp;Paz Beniamini,&nbsp;Mahesh Bhaganagare,&nbsp;Ankush Bhaskar,&nbsp;Soumyadeep Bhattacharjee,&nbsp;Sukanta Bose,&nbsp;Brad Cenko,&nbsp;Mehul Vijay Chanda,&nbsp;Gulab Dewangan,&nbsp;Vishal Dixit,&nbsp;Anirban Dutta,&nbsp;Priyanka Gawade,&nbsp;Abhijeet Ghodgaonkar,&nbsp;Shiv Kumar Goyal,&nbsp;Suresh Gunasekaran,&nbsp;Manikantan Hemanth,&nbsp;Kenta Hotokezaka,&nbsp;Shabnam Iyyani,&nbsp;P. J. Guruprasad,&nbsp;Mansi Kasliwal,&nbsp;Jayprakash G. Koyande,&nbsp;Salil Kulkarni,&nbsp;APK Kutty,&nbsp;Tinkal Ladiya,&nbsp;Suddhasatta Mahapatra,&nbsp;Deepak Marla,&nbsp;Sujay Mate,&nbsp;Advait Mehla,&nbsp;N. P. S. Mithun,&nbsp;Surhud More,&nbsp;Rakesh Mote,&nbsp;Dipanjan Mukherjee,&nbsp;Sanjoli Narang,&nbsp;Shyama Narendranath,&nbsp;Ayush Nema,&nbsp;Sudhanshu Nimbalkar,&nbsp;Samaya Nissanke,&nbsp;Sourav Palit,&nbsp;Jinaykumar Patel,&nbsp;Arpit Patel,&nbsp;Biswajit Paul,&nbsp;Priya Pradeep,&nbsp;Prabhu Ramachandran,&nbsp;Kinjal Roy,&nbsp;B.S. Bharath Saiguhan,&nbsp;Joseph Saji,&nbsp;M. Saleem,&nbsp;Divita Saraogi,&nbsp;Parth Sastry,&nbsp;M. Shanmugam,&nbsp;Piyush Sharma,&nbsp;Amit Shetye,&nbsp;Nishant Singh,&nbsp;Shreeya Singh,&nbsp;Akshat Singhal,&nbsp;S. Sreekumar,&nbsp;Srividhya Sridhar,&nbsp;Rahul Srinivasan,&nbsp;Siddharth Tallur,&nbsp;Neeraj K. Tiwari,&nbsp;Amrutha Lakshmi Vadladi,&nbsp;C.S. Vaishnava,&nbsp;Sandeep Vishwakarma,&nbsp;Gaurav Waratkar","doi":"10.1007/s10686-024-09923-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10686-024-09923-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present the science case for the proposed <i>Daksha</i> high energy transients mission. <i>Daksha</i> will comprise of two satellites covering the entire sky from 1 keV to <span>(&gt;1)</span> MeV. The primary objectives of the mission are to discover and characterize electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave source; and to study Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs). <i>Daksha</i> is a versatile all-sky monitor that can address a wide variety of science cases. With its broadband spectral response, high sensitivity, and continuous all-sky coverage, it will discover fainter and rarer sources than any other existing or proposed mission. <i>Daksha</i> can make key strides in GRB research with polarization studies, prompt soft spectroscopy, and fine time-resolved spectral studies. <i>Daksha</i> will provide continuous monitoring of X-ray pulsars. It will detect magnetar outbursts and high energy counterparts to Fast Radio Bursts. Using Earth occultation to measure source fluxes, the two satellites together will obtain daily flux measurements of bright hard X-ray sources including active galactic nuclei, X-ray binaries, and slow transients like Novae. Correlation studies between the two satellites can be used to probe primordial black holes through lensing. <i>Daksha</i> will have a set of detectors continuously pointing towards the Sun, providing excellent hard X-ray monitoring data. Closer to home, the high sensitivity and time resolution of <i>Daksha</i> can be leveraged for the characterization of Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":551,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Astronomy","volume":"57 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141505210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The proposed plan of geodetic VLBI in India serving national and global objectives","authors":"Sujata Dhar,&nbsp;Nijat Mammadaliyev,&nbsp;Robert Heinkelmann,&nbsp;Susanne Glaser,&nbsp;Shrishail Raut,&nbsp;Arnab Laha,&nbsp;Ashutosh Tiwari,&nbsp;Harald Schuh,&nbsp;Onkar Dikshit,&nbsp;Nagarajan Balasubramanian","doi":"10.1007/s10686-024-09942-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10686-024-09942-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Project “Saptarshi” was initiated by the National Centre for Geodesy, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur to set up the modern space geodetic infrastructure in the country. This project primarily focuses on the establishment of an Indian Geodetic VLBI network. The purpose of this paper is to anticipate the potential impact of the geodetic VLBI network in India to the national and international scientific products. Saptarshi proposes to establish three VLBI stations along with a correlator at one facility. In this work, we investigate how adding proposed Indian VLBI antennas will affect terrestrial and celestial reference frames as well as Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP). Additionally, we shortly demonstrate scenario of VLBI observations of one of the Indian regional navigation satellite system called Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) to determine its orbit. Two VLBI networks were simulated to observe the NAVIC satellite along with quasars to check how well the orbit of this satellite can be recovered from VLBI observations. To investigate the impact on the terrestrial reference frame, three types of 24-h sessions, IVS-R1 (legacy), IVS-VGOS (next generation VLBI), and IVS-AOV (Asia Oceania VLBI), were studied to examine the gain in precision of geodetic parameters when adding the proposed Indian VLBI antennas. IVS-type Intensive sessions were also investigated with the proposed Indian antennas to assess the improvement in the estimation of dUT1 as one important VLBI product. Furthermore, the u-v coverage of some radio sources of the southern hemisphere was compared utilizing observing networks with and without the proposed Indian antennas. Apart from that, we briefly discuss other benefits of the establishment of Indian geodetic VLBI in the scientific fields of atmosphere, metrology, and space missions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":551,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Astronomy","volume":"57 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141102089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research and establishment of the X-ray monochromator at the 100XF","authors":"Dongjie Hou,&nbsp;Yifan Zhang,&nbsp;Yuxuan Zhu,&nbsp;Zijian Zhao,&nbsp;Ziliang Zhang,&nbsp;Xiongtao Yang,&nbsp;Jia Ma,&nbsp;He Xu,&nbsp;Yong Chen,&nbsp;Yupeng Xu,&nbsp;Yusa Wang,&nbsp;Congzhan Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10686-024-09941-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10686-024-09941-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The 100-m X-ray Test Facility (100XF) was developed according to the calibration requirement of the first X-ray astronomical satellite <i>Insight</i>-HXMT in china. After that, the 100XF has provided calibration services for other X-ray astronomical satellites. In order to test the energy response matrices of space-borne detectors and to extend the capability of 100XF, a monochromator based on channel-cut crystals is developed. So far, 3.0-20.7 keV monochromatic X-rays have been realized successfully with Si(111) crystal. The monochromaticity (<span>(Delta )</span> <span>(mathrm E_textrm{FWHM})</span>/E) is better than 0.6% @5.9 keV, the flux stability can reach 2.6% in about one hour. The energy stability is particularly good, the variation is 0.05% in about one hour. Further more, the beam spot spreads in the plane orthogonal to the rocking direction after a propagation of 100-meter, which is sufficient and useful for testing detectors with large sensitive area. In this paper, we present the research and establishment of the X-ray monochromator at the 100XF.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":551,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Astronomy","volume":"57 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140938548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"DSRL: A low-resolution stellar spectral of LAMOST automatic classification method based on discrete wavelet transform and deep learning methods","authors":"Hao Li,&nbsp;Qing Zhao,&nbsp;Chengkui Zhang,&nbsp;Chenzhou Cui,&nbsp;Dongwei Fan,&nbsp;Yuan Wang,&nbsp;Yarui Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10686-024-09940-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10686-024-09940-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Automatic classification of stellar spectra contributes to the study of the structure and evolution of the Milky Way and star formation. Currently available methods exhibit unsatisfactory spectral classification accuracy. This study investigates a method called DSRL, which is primarily used for automated and accurate classification of LAMOST stellar spectra based on MK classification criteria. The method utilizes discrete wavelet transform to decompose the spectra into high-frequency and low-frequency information, and combines residual networks and long short-term memory networks to extract both high-frequency and low-frequency features. By introducing self-distillation (DSRL-1, DSRL-2, and DSRL-3), the classification accuracy is improved. DSRL-3 demonstrates superior performance across multiple metrics compared to existing methods. In both three-class(F ,G ,K) and ten-class(A0, A5, F0, F5, G0, G5, K0, K5, M0, M5) experiments, DSRL-3 achieves impressive accuracy, precision, recall, and F1-Score results. Specifically, the accuracy performance reaches 94.50% and 97.25%, precision performance reaches 94.52% and 97.29%, recall performance reaches 94.52% and 97.22%, and F1-Score performance reaches 94.52% and 97.23%. The results indicate the significant practical value of DSRL in the classification of LAMOST stellar spectra. To validate the model, we visualize it using randomly selected stellar spectral data. The results demonstrate its excellent application potential in stellar spectral classification.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":551,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Astronomy","volume":"57 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140883492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Life cycle assessment of the Athena X-ray integral field unit","authors":"Didier Barret,&nbsp;Vincent Albouys,&nbsp;Jürgen Knödlseder,&nbsp;Xavier Loizillon,&nbsp;Matteo D’Andrea,&nbsp;Florence Ardellier,&nbsp;Simon Bandler,&nbsp;Pieter Dieleman,&nbsp;Lionel Duband,&nbsp;Luc Dubbeldam,&nbsp;Claudio Macculi,&nbsp;Eduardo Medinaceli,&nbsp;François Pajot,&nbsp;Damien Prêle,&nbsp;Laurent Ravera,&nbsp;Tanguy Thibert,&nbsp;Isabel Vera Trallero,&nbsp;Natalie Webb","doi":"10.1007/s10686-024-09939-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10686-024-09939-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU) is the high-resolution X-ray spectrometer to fly on board the Athena Space Observatory of the European Space Agency (ESA). It is being developed by an international Consortium led by France, involving twelve ESA member states, plus the United States. It is a cryogenic instrument, involving state of the art technology, such as micro-calorimeters, to be read out by low noise electronics. As the instrument was undergoing its system requirement review (in 2022), a life cycle assessment (LCA) was performed to estimate the environmental impacts associated with the development of the sub-systems that were under the responsibility of the X-IFU Consortium. The assessment included the supply, manufacturing and testing of sub systems, as well as involved logistics and manpower. We find that the most significant environmental impacts arise from testing activities, which is related to energy consumption in clean rooms, office work, which is related to energy consumption in office buildings, and instrument manufacturing, which is related to the use of mineral and metal resources. Furthermore, business travels is another area of concern, despite the policy to reduced flying adopted by the Consortium. As the instrument is now being redesigned to fit within the new boundaries set by ESA, the LCA will be updated, with a focus on the hot spots identified in the first iteration. The new configuration, consolidated in 2023, is significantly different from the previously studied version and is marked by an increase of the perimeter of responsibility for the Consortium. This will need to be folded in the updated LCA, keeping the ambition to reduce the environmental footprint of X-IFU, while complying with its stringent requirements in terms of performance and risk management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":551,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Astronomy","volume":"57 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10686-024-09939-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140671196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spectroscopic Investigation of Nebular Gas (SING): instrument design, assembly and calibration","authors":"Bharat Chandra P.,&nbsp;Binukumar G. Nair,&nbsp;Shubham Jankiram Ghatul,&nbsp;Shubhangi Jain,&nbsp;S. Sriram,&nbsp;Mahesh Babu S.,&nbsp;Rekhesh Mohan,&nbsp;Margarita Safonova,&nbsp;Jayant Murthy,&nbsp;Mikhail Sachkov","doi":"10.1007/s10686-024-09937-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10686-024-09937-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Spectroscopic Investigation of Nebular Gas (SING) is a near-ultraviolet (NUV) low-resolution spectrograph payload designed to operate in the NUV range, 1400 Å – 2700 Å, from a stable space platform. SING telescope has a primary aperture of 298 mm, feeding the light to the long-slit UV spectrograph. SING has a field of view (FOV) of <span>(1^{circ })</span>, achieving a spatial resolution of 1.33 arcminute and spectral resolution of 3.7 Å(<span>({Rsim 600})</span>) at the central wavelength. SING employs a micro-channel plate (MCP) with a CMOS readout-based photon-counting detector. The instrument is designed to observe diffuse sources such as nebulae, supernova remnants, and the interstellar medium (ISM) to understand their chemistry. SING was selected by the United Nations Office for Outer Space Affairs to be hosted on the Chinese Space Station. The instrument will undergo qualification tests as per the launch requirements. In this paper, we describe the hardware design, optomechanical assembly, and calibration of the instrument.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":551,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Astronomy","volume":"57 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10686-024-09937-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The discovery space of ELT-ANDES. Stars and stellar populations","authors":"Ian U. Roederer,&nbsp;Julián D. Alvarado-Gómez,&nbsp;Carlos Allende Prieto,&nbsp;Vardan Adibekyan,&nbsp;David S. Aguado,&nbsp;Pedro J. Amado,&nbsp;Eliana M. Amazo-Gómez,&nbsp;Martina Baratella,&nbsp;Sydney A. Barnes,&nbsp;Thomas Bensby,&nbsp;Lionel Bigot,&nbsp;Andrea Chiavassa,&nbsp;Armando Domiciano de Souza,&nbsp;J. I. González Hernández,&nbsp;Camilla Juul Hansen,&nbsp;Silva P. Järvinen,&nbsp;Andreas J. Korn,&nbsp;Sara Lucatello,&nbsp;Laura Magrini,&nbsp;Roberto Maiolino,&nbsp;Paolo Di Marcantonio,&nbsp;Alessandro Marconi,&nbsp;José R. De Medeiros,&nbsp;Alessio Mucciarelli,&nbsp;Nicolas Nardetto,&nbsp;Livia Origlia,&nbsp;Celine Peroux,&nbsp;Katja Poppenhäger,&nbsp;Ansgar Reiners,&nbsp;Cristina Rodríguez-López,&nbsp;Donatella Romano,&nbsp;Stefania Salvadori,&nbsp;Patrick Tisserand,&nbsp;Kim Venn,&nbsp;Gregg A. Wade,&nbsp;Alessio Zanutta","doi":"10.1007/s10686-024-09938-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10686-024-09938-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ArmazoNes high Dispersion Echelle Spectrograph (ANDES) is the optical and near-infrared high-resolution echelle spectrograph envisioned for the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT). We present a selection of science cases, supported by new calculations and simulations, where ANDES could enable major advances in the fields of stars and stellar populations. We focus on three key areas, including the physics of stellar atmospheres, structure, and evolution; stars of the Milky Way, Local Group, and beyond; and the star-planet connection. The key features of ANDES are its wide wavelength coverage at high spectral resolution and its access to the large collecting area of the ELT. These features position ANDES to address the most compelling questions and potentially transformative advances in stellar astrophysics of the decades ahead, including questions which cannot be anticipated today.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":551,"journal":{"name":"Experimental Astronomy","volume":"57 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140586721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}