Optical optimization of a multi-slit extreme ultraviolet spectrograph for global solar corona diagnostics

IF 2.7 3区物理与天体物理 Q2 ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS

Experimental Astronomy Pub Date : 2024-10-21 DOI:10.1007/s10686-024-09961-9

Yufei Feng, Xianyong Bai, Sifan Guo, Hui Tian, Lami Chan, Yuanyong Deng, Qi Yang, Wei Duan, Xiaoming Zhu, Xiao Yang, Zhiwei Feng, Zhiyong Zhang

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Abstract

The spatial-temporal evolution of coronal plasma parameters of the solar outer atmosphere at global scales, derived from solar full-disk imaging spectroscopic observation in the extreme-ultraviolet band, is critical for understanding and forecasting solar eruptions. We propose a multi-slits extreme ultraviolet imaging spectrograph for global coronal diagnostics with high cadence and present the preliminary instrument designs for the wavelength range from 18.3 to 19.8 nm. The instrument takes a comprehensive approach to obtain global coronal spatial and spectral information, improve the detected cadence and avoid overlapping. We first describe the relationship between optical properties and structural parameters, especially the relationship between the overlapping and the number of slits, and give a general multi-slits extreme-ultraviolet imaging spectrograph design process. The multilayer structure is optimized to enhance the effective areas in the observation band. Five distantly-separated slits are set to divide the entire solar field of view, which increase the cadence for raster scanning the solar disk by 5 times relative to a single slit. The spectral resolving power of the optical system with an aperture diameter of 150 mm are optimized to be greater than 1461. The spatial resolution along the slits direction and the scanning direction are about \(4.4^{\prime \prime }\) and \(6.86^{\prime \prime }\), respectively. The Al/Mo/B\(_4\)C multilayer structure is optimized and the peak effective area is about 1.60 cm\(^2\) at 19.3 nm with a full width at half maximum of about 1.3 nm. The cadence to finish full-disk raster scan is about 5 minutes. Finally, the instrument performance is evaluated by an end-to-end calculation of the system photon budget and a simulation of the observational image and spectra. Our investigation shows that this approach is promising for global coronal plasma diagnostics.

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用于全球日冕诊断的多狭缝极紫外摄谱仪的光学优化

通过极紫外波段太阳全盘成像光谱观测得出的全球尺度太阳外层大气日冕等离子体参数的时空演变，对于理解和预报太阳爆发至关重要。我们提出了一种用于全球日冕高频诊断的多狭缝极紫外成像光谱仪，并介绍了波长范围为 18.3 至 19.8 纳米的初步仪器设计。该仪器采用一种综合方法来获取全球日冕空间和光谱信息，提高探测速度并避免重叠。我们首先描述了光学特性与结构参数之间的关系，特别是重叠与狭缝数量之间的关系，并给出了一般多狭缝极紫外成像摄谱仪的设计过程。通过优化多层结构，提高了观测波段的有效面积。设置了五个相距较远的狭缝来划分整个太阳视场，与单个狭缝相比，光栅扫描太阳圆盘的速度提高了 5 倍。光圈直径为 150 毫米的光学系统的光谱分辨率经优化后大于 1461。沿狭缝方向和扫描方向的空间分辨率分别约为\(4.4^{prime \prime }\) 和\(6.86^{\prime \prime }\) 。Al/Mo/B\(_4\)C 多层结构经过优化，在 19.3 纳米处的峰值有效面积约为 1.60 cm\(^2\) ，半最大全宽约为 1.3 纳米。完成全盘光栅扫描的时间约为 5 分钟。最后，通过对系统光子预算的端到端计算以及对观测图像和光谱的模拟，对仪器性能进行了评估。我们的研究表明，这种方法在全球日冕等离子体诊断方面大有可为。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Experimental Astronomy 地学天文-天文与天体物理

CiteScore

5.30

自引率

3.30%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： Many new instruments for observing astronomical objects at a variety of wavelengths have been and are continually being developed. Furthermore, a vast amount of effort is being put into the development of new techniques for data analysis in order to cope with great streams of data collected by these instruments. Experimental Astronomy acts as a medium for the publication of papers of contemporary scientific interest on astrophysical instrumentation and methods necessary for the conduct of astronomy at all wavelength fields. Experimental Astronomy publishes full-length articles, research letters and reviews on developments in detection techniques, instruments, and data analysis and image processing techniques. Occasional special issues are published, giving an in-depth presentation of the instrumentation and/or analysis connected with specific projects, such as satellite experiments or ground-based telescopes, or of specialized techniques.