Current Problems in Cancer最新文献

{"title":"MRI-fusion biopsy era: the role of perineural invasion in low-risk prostate cancer","authors":"Nethusan Sivanesan ,&nbsp;Gabriela M. Diaz ,&nbsp;Sebastien Strachan ,&nbsp;Keervani Kandala ,&nbsp;Xiwen Zhao ,&nbsp;Wei Shen Tan ,&nbsp;Michael S. Leapman ,&nbsp;Preston C. Sprenkle","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101251","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate whether perineural invasion independently predicts Gleason score upgrading during active surveillance in patients undergoing MRI-US fusion biopsy.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and Methods</h3><div>We retrospectively analyzed 325 patients initially diagnosed with Gleason Grade Group (GGG) 1 prostate cancer who underwent at least one subsequent biopsy. Demographics, imaging, and clinical variables were recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models assessed the association between perineural invasion and Gleason upgrading (GGG2+) on follow-up biopsy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 325 eligible patients diagnosed with GGG 1 prostate cancer on initial biopsy, 51 (15%) had perineural invasion, while 274 (84%) did not. Gleason upgrade occurred in 110 (34%) patients. Upgrading was observed in 24 of 51 patients (47%) with perineural invasion, compared to 86 of 274 patients (32%) without perineural invasion (p = 0.03). On univariate analysis, older age (OR 1.03; p=0.03), African American race (OR 2.22; p=0.04), number of positive cores (OR 1.13; p=0.007), and cancer detected on targeted biopsy (OR 2.26; p=0.01) were associated with upgrading. In multivariable analysis, perineural invasion (OR 1.84; p=0.1) was not independently associated with Gleason upgrading when adjusting for PI-RADS 4-5 (OR 1.98; p=0.01). However, cancer detected on targeted biopsy (OR 2.26; p = 0.01) and African American race (OR 3.2; p = 0.01) remained independently associated with upgrading.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In this contemporary series of patients managed with active surveillance in the era of MRI-ultrasound fusion biopsy, perineural invasion is not associated with Gleason upgrade on subsequent biopsy when adjusting for MRI- US fusion biopsy characteristics. Our findings highlight that a PI-RADS 4 or 5 lesion, and cancer found within an MRI-visible lesion are more predictive of subsequent progression in patients with GGG1 PCa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101251"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Title Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0147-0272(25)00085-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0147-0272(25)00085-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101258"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145578611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A phase 2 prospective trial of re-irradiation of locally recurrent or second primary head and neck tumors using stereotactic body radiation therapy","authors":"Sally Fouda ,&nbsp;Tarek Hamed Shouman ,&nbsp;Ashraf Hamed Hassouna ,&nbsp;Ayman Abdelwahab Amin ,&nbsp;Maha Hassan ,&nbsp;Shaimaa Abdelgeleel ,&nbsp;May Gamal Ashour","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess SBRT in the reirradiation of head and neck (H&amp;N) cancers.</div></div><div><h3>Patients and Methods</h3><div>30 patients with 31 sites received SBRT reirradiation to their recurrences, or second primary malignancies (SPM). Doses used were 30-50 Gy in 5 fractions. SBRT reirradiation was used alone for 21 recurrences, while 10 patients received SBRT postoperatively. Assessment of toxicity after reirradiation was done using RTOG scoring criteria.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Median follow up was 18.2 months. In patients treated with RT alone (<em>N</em> = 21), at 3 months post reirradiation, CR (complete response) was achieved in 13 patients (61.9 %). CR rate increased to include 16 patients (76.2 %) at 6 months. In patients treated with adjuvant SBRT (<em>N</em> = 10), at 3 months post reirradiation, no recurrences were observed in 6 patients (60 %).</div><div>Median survival was 29.8 months. The 1-year and 2-year OS were 66.2 % and 54.2 % respectively. The 1-year and 2-year PFS were 45.8 % and 32.1 % respectively. The 1-year and 2-year LC were 62.7 % and 54.8 % respectively. The 1-year and 2-year regional control were 79.7 % and 73.6 % respectively. The 1-year and 2-year distant control were 88.4 % and 82.9 % respectively. Acute toxicity of ≥ G3 happened in 5 patients (16.1 %). Late toxicity of ≥ G3 was recorded in 9 patients (29 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>We reported the 1st prospective phase 2 study in Egypt to use SBRT reirradiation for recurrent H&amp;N cancers. SBRT reirradiation can be a good option for treatment, with good survival and control rates, and acceptable toxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101241"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current perspectives on Lifileucel tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte therapy: A paradigm shift in immunotherapy","authors":"Simran Deep Kaur ,&nbsp;Md Abubakar ,&nbsp;Neena Bedi ,&nbsp;Eswara Rao puppala ,&nbsp;Deepak N Kapoor ,&nbsp;Nitesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Nafees Ahemad ,&nbsp;Sirajudheen Anwar","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101252","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101252","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lifileucel, a tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) therapy, provides renewed hope for individuals with advanced, treatment-resistant malignancies. This is a groundbreaking advancement in cancer immunotherapy. Revolutionizing the way the immune system fights cancer, this state-of-the-art cellular therapy takes advantage of TILs' innate capacity to target tumors. Lifileucel is an innovative medicine that is garnering attention in oncology. It has shown remarkable efficacy in clinical trials, assisting individuals unresponsive to other therapy in sustaining their responses and enhancing their survival rates. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary perspectives on Lifileucel, including its mechanism of action, clinical results, challenges and potential applicability to a broader spectrum of solid tumors. The Lifileucel concept has initiated a new epoch in personalized cancer therapy. This review offers a forward-looking perspective on the potential advancements and opportunities for establishing Lifileucel and TIL-based therapies as a cornerstone in cancer therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"59 ","pages":"Article 101252"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Title Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0147-0272(25)00071-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0147-0272(25)00071-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 101244"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical characteristics and treatment analysis of pulmonary blastoma (PB): a report of 17 cases","authors":"Jiaqi Guan ,&nbsp;Jinglai Sun ,&nbsp;Zhiping Hu ,&nbsp;Yuhan liu ,&nbsp;Jiwei Ma ,&nbsp;Jinghong Wang ,&nbsp;Bangzhen Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>To summarize the disease characteristics of pulmonary blastoma, analyze related prognostic factors, and share the diagnosis and treatment process.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 17 patients with pulmonary blastoma admitted to Shandong Provincial Hospital from January 1994 to December 2024.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The patients were predominantly middle-aged and elderly males, with clinical manifestations mainly including cough, sputum production, chest tightness, and shortness of breath. Chest CT combined with elevated serum neuron-specific enolase (NSE) may assist in diagnosis. The pathological types were predominantly biphasic, followed by epithelial type and those with unclear subtypes. Tumors were more likely to occur in the right lung, and most were at T4 stage or accompanied by regional lymph node metastasis at the time of diagnosis. The higher the Ki-67 positive cell viability rate, the shorter the survival time. Lobectomy is currently an effective treatment, and postoperative radiotherapy can improve the survival time of some patients. The 5-year survival rate was 29.4%. Cox regression analysis showed that gender and tumor stage T had statistical significance for the prognosis of patients with pulmonary blastoma. Verification via Kaplan-Meier survival curves revealed that the survival time of patients with T4 stage was significantly shorter than that of patients with early-stage disease (Log-rank <em>p</em>=0.011).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Preoperative diagnosis of pulmonary blastoma is challenging, with the biphasic type being the predominant pathological subtype. The advanced stage at the time of diagnosis is a key factor for poor prognosis. There is a significant difference in age between pediatric and adult patients. Tumor stage is a key factor affecting prognosis, and the Ki-67 positivity rate is negatively correlated with survival time. Emphasizing the formulation of treatment strategies based on pathological types and tumor stages can provide a reference for improving the level of diagnosis and treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 101240"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144885817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient reported outcomes for symptom toxicity in breast cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy","authors":"Nidhi Gupta ,&nbsp;Aanchal Arora ,&nbsp;Kislay Dimri ,&nbsp;Awadhesh Kumar Pandey","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Patient reported outcomes (PRO) usually report greater symptom toxicity compared to physician reported outcomes (PhyRO). In the present study, we measured PRO about symptom toxicity in breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy and compared them with the PhyRO. We analysed the factors responsible for greater symptom severity on PRO. We also assessed the health-related Quality of Life (QoL).</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>Sixty-seven breast cancer patients undergoing adjuvant radiotherapy were prospectively enrolled. PhyRO were reported using the CTCAE v5.0 while PRO were reported using PRO CTCAE v1.0. To determine the level of agreement between the PRO and PhyRO, we employed weighted Kappa statistics. EQ-5D-5 L scale was used to assess the QoL.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Post radiotherapy, when PRO were compared with PhyRO, fair agreement (<em>K</em> = 0.21–0.40) was seen for nausea, vomiting, dysphagia, dysgeusia, anorexia and fatigue; moderate agreement (<em>K</em> = 0.41–0.60) was seen for pain; slight agreement (<em>K</em> = 0.01–0.20) was seen for myalgia; almost perfect agreement (<em>K</em> = 0.81–1.00) was seen for pruritis and substantial agreement (<em>K</em> = 0.61–0.80) was seen for dermatitis. Overall, the concordance between PhyRO and PRO appeared poor. Factors which were significantly associated with lesser symptom toxicity on PhyRO were patient age (41-60 years), literacy, housewives, married females, rural background, poor financial status, stage II, treated with three fields, treated with hypofractionation and male gender of the physician. There was no difference in the mean utility values of patients corresponding to the severity of toxicities reported by PhyRO or PRO.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study strongly supports the inclusion of PRO in routine clinical care as complimentary information to PhyRO to improve patient care, compliance and clinical outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 101236"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in breast cancer therapy: “Exploring the therapeutic potential of CDK 4/6 inhibitors and their clinical impact.”","authors":"Gayatri D. Ambere ,&nbsp;Devesh N. Prajapati ,&nbsp;Dyandevi Mathure ,&nbsp;Dileep Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>One of the most common malignancies diagnosed globally is breast cancer, a condition that is impacted by both environmental and genetic causes, there are three distinct molecular subtypes of breast cancer: hormone receptor-positive (HR+), HER2-positive (HER2+), and triple-negative (TNBC). About 70–75 % of instances of breast cancer are HR+, whereas 15–25 % of cases are HER2+ tumours, which can be successfully treated with targeted therapy. TNBC poses specific treatment problems and is linked to an increased risk of early recurrence because it lacks expression of ER, PR, and HER2. With the discovery of Inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6), such as ribociclib, palbociclib, and abemaciclib, the treatment of advanced HR+/HER2− breast cancer has shifted. These drugs are essential for arresting the cell cycle and limiting tumour growth. These inhibitors particularly target the cell cycle development from the G1 to the S phase, which is frequently dysregulated in breast cancer. CDK4/6 inhibitors' full potential is still being investigated, including the way they might be applied to various breast cancer subtypes and in conjunction with other treatments.</div><div>This review comprehensively examines the utilization strategies of CDK 4/6 inhibitors across various breast cancer subtypes, explores the mechanism of resistance, and highlights potential applications in combination with other treatments. Through a detailed analysis of clinical trials and real-world data, The review highlights how CDK4/6 inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment landscape for breast cancer, paving the way for optimized treatment outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 101235"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hormone replacement therapy in endometrial cancer survivors: A retrospective cohort study on recurrence, survival, and quality of life.","authors":"Jiali Xing, Qi Liu, Li Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy in developed countries, often affecting postmenopausal women but also seen in younger patients. Standard treatment includes hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, which may lead to menopausal symptoms, especially in premenopausal women. The use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in survivors remains controversial due to concerns about stimulating cancer cells. This study aims to evaluate the impact of postoperative HRT on cancer recurrence, survival outcomes, and quality of life in endometrial cancer survivors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study analyzed 176 women -between August 2024 and May 2025- with histologically confirmed endometrial adenocarcinoma. Participants were categorized into HRT users (n = 91) and non-users (n = 85) with a median age of 58 and 62 years respectively. Demographic, clinical, and treatment data were compared. Survival analyses were conducted using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models. Quality of life was assessed using the MENQOL questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>HRT use was associated with lower recurrence (HR=0.379, p = 0.002) and death hazard (HR=0.248, p = 0.039) rates. Mean recurrence-free survival was longer in the HRT group (53.14 vs 46.28 months, p < 0.001). Improvement in menopausal symptom scores was significantly higher in HRT users (MD= -2.03) compared to the control group (MD= -0.89). No significant increase in adverse cardiovascular or thromboembolic events was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Postoperative HRT appears safe and beneficial for selected endometrial cancer survivors, offering improved recurrence-free survival and better menopausal symptom control without increasing serious adverse events. Individualized assessment remains crucial, and further prospective trials are needed to confirm these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"58 ","pages":"101239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144805276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of toripalimab in treating nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A meta-analysis","authors":"Yiwei Sun ,&nbsp;Lingqin Kong","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To systematically assess the effectiveness and safety of toripalimab in the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) based on clinical trial reports.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and The Cochrane Library) were comprehensively searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or single-arm clinical trials of toripalimab in treating NPC up to May 8, 2025. Two investigators independently screened relevant studies according to the inclusion/exclusion criteria. Data analyses were performed using R4.0 software.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This analysis included 9 trials, including 7 single-arm trials and 2 RCTs, involving a total of 608 patients. The meta-analysis results indicated that toripalimab could improve objective response rate (RR=0.780, 95 % CI: 0.554-0.911) and disease control rate (RR = 0.921, 95 % CI: 0.788-0.992) in NPC patients. Nonetheless, toripalimab administration could also induce adverse reactions. The incidence of the following adverse reactions was relatively high, at 60.6 % for anemia, 65.4 % for nausea, and 46.1 % for leukopenia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Toripalimab administration can significantly improve the objective response rate and disease control rate in NPC patients. Meanwhile, specific clinical measures shall be taken to prevent and manage the adverse reactions induced by this medication.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"58 ","pages":"Article 101238"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144750307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}