Current Problems in Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Do the recorded cases of oral cancer correspond to the actual numbers in India: The necessity of properly designed screening and surveying initiatives.","authors":"Ayushi Jain, Shalini Gupta","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To evaluate whether recorded cases of oral cancer in India align with actual prevalence, identify gaps in screening efforts, and propose strategies for effective nationwide screening and surveying initiatives.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A comprehensive review of secondary data, including global and national surveys, government statistics, and published studies, to analyze the prevalence of oral cancer and tobacco use and identify barriers to screening.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from GLOBOCAN 2022, National Family Health Survey-5 (NFHS-5), Global Adult Tobacco Survey-2 (GATS-2), and related studies were analyzed to assess oral cancer prevalence, tobacco usage, and screening participation. The study examined screening uptake by demographic and geographic factors, challenges in program implementation, and cost-effective strategies for improving screening outreach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Oral cancer is the second most prevalent cancer in India, with 143,759 new cases and a mortality rate of 8.7%. However, screening participation is low, with only 1.2% of men and 0.9% of women screened, varying widely across states. Tobacco use is widespread, with 29% of adults consuming tobacco, often starting at a young age, and involuntary smokeless tobacco use remains prevalent due to its incorporation into dental care products. Studies show that mass or high-risk group screening, conducted every 10 years, can significantly reduce oral cancer mortality. Challenges such as lack of awareness, inadequate healthcare infrastructure in rural areas, and insufficient trained professionals hinder effective screening.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The disparity between recorded and actual oral cancer cases necessitates nationwide screening programs, particularly targeting individuals under 30. Telemedicine, community-based strategies, and the involvement of Accredited Social Health Activists (ASHA) and volunteers can address barriers, enhance early detection, and reduce oral cancer burden in India. These measures will help guide future national survey programs and improve oral health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"54 ","pages":"101173"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142904058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing lung cancer treatment: Introducing PROTAC therapy as a novel paradigm in targeted therapeutics.","authors":"Atharva Mahajan, Gauri Panzade, Tiyasa Bhuniya, Purbasha Das, Bidyabati Bhattacharjee, Sagnik Das, Ankita Chowdhury, Kashmira Chakraborty, Sudeepta Guha, Anushka Samant, Anuvab Dey, Subhrojyoti Ghosh","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101172","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This comprehensive review explores the transformative potential of PROTAC (Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras) therapy as a groundbreaking approach in the landscape of lung cancer treatment. The introduction provides a succinct overview of current challenges in lung cancer treatment, emphasizing the significance of targeted therapies. Focusing on PROTAC therapy, the article elucidates its mechanism of action, comparing it with traditional targeted therapies and highlighting the key components and design principles of PROTAC molecules. In the context of lung cancer, the review meticulously summarizes preclinical evidence, emphasizing efficacy and specificity gleaned from studies evaluating PROTAC therapy. It delves into the implications of this preclinical data, discussing potential advantages over existing targeted therapies. An update on ongoing clinical trials involving PROTAC therapy for lung cancer offers a snapshot of the current progress, with a summary of key outcomes and advancements in early-phase trials. The mechanistic insights into PROTAC therapy's impact on lung cancer cells are explored, alongside a discussion on potential biomarkers for patient stratification and response prediction. The influence of tumor heterogeneity on PROTAC therapy outcomes is also addressed. Safety and tolerability assessments, encompassing preclinical and clinical studies, are comprehensively evaluated, including a comparative analysis with traditional targeted therapies and strategies to mitigate side effects. Looking forward, the article discusses the future perspectives of PROTAC therapy in lung cancer treatment and addresses ongoing challenges, providing a nuanced exploration of potential combination therapies and synergistic approaches. In conclusion, the review summarizes key findings and insights, underscoring the tremendous potential of PROTAC therapy as a promising and innovative avenue in pursuing more effective lung cancer treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"54 ","pages":"101172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142900553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ophthalmologic toxicities of antineoplastic agents in genitourinary cancers: Mechanisms, management, and clinical implications.","authors":"Aditya Mahadevan, Omid Yazdanpanah, Vivek Patel, David J Benjamin, Arash Rezazadeh Kalebasty","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101171","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genitourinary cancers affect over 480,000 patients in the United States annually. While promising therapeutic modalities continue to emerge, notably immune checkpoint inhibitors, molecular targeted therapies, antibody-drug conjugates, and radioligand therapies, these treatments are associated with a spectrum of adverse side-effects, including ophthalmologic toxicities. In this review, we cover the most commonly used antineoplastic agents for the kidneys, bladder, urinary tracts, prostate, testis, and penis, detailing mechanism, indication, and recent trials supporting their use. For each category of antineoplastic therapy, we describe the epidemiology, management, and clinical presentation, of common ophthalmologic toxicities stemming from these agents. This review serves to augment awareness and recognition of possible ophthalmologic manifestations resulting from the use of antineoplastic agents in genitourinary malignancy. Early identification of these side effects can hasten ophthalmology referral and ultimately improve visual outcomes in patients experiencing medication-induced ocular toxicities.</p>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"54 ","pages":"101171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142871992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thallium-201 single photon emission computed tomography for the differentiation of malignant versus non-malignant intracranial space-occupying lesions in developing countries.","authors":"Mark Willy L Mondia, Anisah Hayaminnah D Alonto, Nicole Girlyn T Pang, Francis Manuel L Resma, Al Joseph R Molina, John Kenneth V Gacula, Arnel E Pauco, Annabell E Chua, Julette Marie F Batara","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Thallium-201 single-photon emission computed tomography (TI-SPECT) imaging has been used historically to distinguish malignant cerebral neoplasms from infectious etiologies.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Our study aims to conduct a retrospective study, review existing literature, and perform meta-analysis on the use of TI-SPECT to differentiate malignant from non-malignant nervous system lesions when other advanced imaging modalities are not available, such as in resource-limited setting.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study on the use of TI-SPECT in differentiating malignant versus non-malignant nervous system lesions was conducted in two tertiary hospitals in the Philippines. A systematic review of relevant studies regarding TI-SPECT for the central nervous system was also done. Meta-analysis was performed to generate pooled sensitivity and specificity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 19 patients from 2 institutions were included in the analysis. Data from Philippine General Hospital showed a sensitivity of 83% (95% CI: 36%, 100%) and a specificity of 100% (95% CI: 16%, 100%), while St. Luke's Medical Center had a sensitivity of 100% (95% CI: 40%, 100%) and specificity of 100% (95% CI: 48%, 100%). Thirty-two (32) articles were qualitatively described and 24 datasets were subjected to meta-analysis. Pooled sensitivity and specificity were 89% (95% CI: 81%-94%) and 81% (95% CI: 73%-87%), respectively with an area under the curve (AUC) for diagnostic accuracy of 92%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TI-SPECT imaging may be a potential diagnostic tool to discriminate malignant from non-malignant nervous system lesions when advanced imaging modalities such as PET/ MRI are not available. Due to the heterogeneity of the population in the studies included in both the quantitative and qualitative analyses, further studies are needed to validate these findings.</p>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"54 ","pages":"101160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142774944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary influence on cancer progression: Gut health and genomic profiles","authors":"Yashar Vaziri","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101159","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101159","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This scholarly review comprehensively examines the connection between dietary habits, gut health, cancer prognosis, and genomic profiles. It emphasizes the crucial role of gut microbiota in mediating genomic changes and oncogenic processes through metabolic derivatives.It advocatеs for pеrsonalizеd nutrition stratеgiеs based on individual microbiomе and gеnomic profilеs and proposеs that customized diеtary intеrvеntions could play a crucial rolе in cancеr prеvеntion thеrapy. Thе article highlights thе influеncе of spеcific nutriеnts and such as diеtary fibеr and polyphеnols found in cеrtain foods and dеmonstrating thеir potеntial to altеr gеnе еxprеssions associatеd with inflammation and tumorigеnеsis. Thе rеviеw citеs rеcеnt studiеs that support thе idеa that diеtary modifications can influеncе gеnе rеgulation and thеrеby potеntially altеring cancеr progrеssion. Nevertheless, it calls for morе rigorous rеsеarch including longitudinal and randomizеd studies, to substantiatе thе еvidеncе nеcеssary for developing diеtary guidеlinеs tailorеd for cancеr patiеnts. Thе rеviеw еmphasizеs thе nееd for a multidisciplinary approach and highlight thе importancе of collaboration across thе fiеlds of nutrition gеnomics microbiology and oncology to improve cancеr trеatmеnts and patiеnt quality of lifе. It posits thе rеviеw as a cornеrstonе for a divеrsе audiеncе within thе scientific and mеdical communitimphasizing thе nеcеssity for ongoing rеsеarch in nutritional gеnomics which it dеpicts as a fiеld full of opportunitiеs to transform cancеr carе.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142746279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Technological innovations enhancing palliative care in cancer: A new era of patient care in India","authors":"Snehasish Tripathy,&nbsp;Sapna Negi,&nbsp;Ankita Mathur,&nbsp;Vini Mehta","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101158","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Women's ignorance and misperception of cervical cancer: Evidence-based analysis from low- and middle-income countries","authors":"Balraj Sudha ,&nbsp;Nachimuthu Senthil Kumar ,&nbsp;Sundaravadivelu Sumathi","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101157","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101157","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cervical cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality particularly in low- and mid-income countries. This review synthesizes existing knowledge on cervical cancer, HPV infection, and HPV vaccination accumulated over the past decade (2015-2024), highlighting disparities in awareness and prevention strategies globally. Education level correlates with HPV vaccine awareness, yet mere familiarity with cervical cancer doesn't ensure understanding of its severity. Notably, prevention measures, including screening and HPV testing, varied significantly across countries during this period. To enhance HPV vaccine uptake moving forward, targeted efforts are necessary to educate women, particularly in low- and mid-income countries, about HPV risks as a sexually transmitted disease and the availability of affordable vaccines in government clinics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101157"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering glioblastoma: Unveiling imaging markers for predicting MGMT promoter methylation status","authors":"Eric Hexem ,&nbsp;Taha Abd-ElSalam Ashraf Taha ,&nbsp;Yaseen Dhemesh ,&nbsp;Mohammad Aneel Baqar ,&nbsp;Ayman Nada","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101156","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101156","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glioblastoma, the most common primary malignant tumor of the central nervous system in adults, is also among the most lethal. Despite a comprehensive treatment approach which utilizes surgery and postoperative chemoradiation, prognosis typically remains dismal. However certain epigenetic modifications, such as methylation of the MGMT promoter, have been proven to correlate with improved post-treatment outcomes. The 2021 WHO classification emphasizes molecular characteristics, highlighting shared genomic alterations across different grades and positioning MGMT methylation as a key influencer of outcomes. A combined diagnostic approach involving current imaging technology and emerging radiomics and deep learning models may allow for timely and accurate prediction of MGMT methylation status and therefore earlier and more individualized treatment and prognostication. Though these advanced radiomics models are rapidly emerging, additional development, standardization, and implementation may lead to a higher and more individualized level of patient care. This review explores the potential of imaging features in predicting MGMT promoter methylation, a critical determinant of therapeutic response and patient outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101156"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the expression and functional landscape of key enzymes in glucose metabolism within human gynecological tumors.","authors":"Wen Zhang, Ying-Tong Lin, Jing-Wen Jiang, Yan Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gynecological tumors, primarily ovarian cancer (OC), cervical cancer (CC), and endometrial cancer (EC), have a significant global impact on women's health, characterized by high mortality rates. Emerging evidence underscores the pivotal role of altered glucose metabolism in the initiation and progression of these malignancies. Glucose metabolism, encompassing glycolysis, the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, oxidative phosphorylation, and the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), among others, is intricately governed by a spectrum of key enzymes. These enzymes drive metabolic reprogramming essential for tumor growth and survival, thereby influencing patient outcomes and clinical management strategies. However, the comprehensive characterization and summary of the expression profiles, regulatory networks involved, and functional roles of these glucose metabolic enzymes in human gynecological tumors remain incomplete. In this review, we systematically map the expression landscape of these critical glucose metabolic enzymes in gynecological cancers based on research utilizing clinical gynecological tumor tissues. Additionally, we summarize the specific functions of key enzymes of glucose metabolism and the pathways they regulate in gynecological tumors. This review provides profound insights into the metabolic dynamics underlying these diseases. This understanding illuminates the metabolic strategies employed by tumor cells and sets the stage for innovative therapeutic approaches targeting cancer cell glucose metabolic dependencies, thereby holding promise for enhancing patient outcomes in gynecological oncology.</p>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":" ","pages":"101155"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring patient stratification in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using machine learning techniques: Preliminary results","authors":"Giovanni Lilloni ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Perlangeli ,&nbsp;Francesca Noci ,&nbsp;Silvano Ferrari ,&nbsp;Alessandro Dal Palù ,&nbsp;Tito Poli","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101154","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101154","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) presents a significant challenge in oncology due to its inherent heterogeneity. Traditional staging systems, such as TNM (Tumor, Node, Metastasis), provide limited information regarding patient outcomes and treatment responses. There is a need for a more robust system to improve patient stratification.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>In this study, we utilized advanced statistical techniques to explore patient stratification beyond the limitations of TNM staging. A comprehensive dataset, including clinical, radiomic, genomic, and pathological data, was analyzed. The methodology involved correlation analysis of variable pairs and triples, followed by clustering techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The analysis revealed that HNSCC subpopulations exhibit distinct characteristics, which challenge the conventional one-size-fits-all approach.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study underscores the potential for personalized treatment strategies based on comprehensive patient profiling, offering a pathway towards more individualized therapeutic interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"53 ","pages":"Article 101154"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142569812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}