Current Problems in Cancer最新文献

{"title":"hsa_circ_0008285: Circular RNA with potential as a biomarker in ovarian cancer","authors":"Khadijeh Elmizadeh ,&nbsp;Ensiyeh Bahadoran ,&nbsp;Zahra Mortezaei ,&nbsp;Sahar Moghbelinejad","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Liquid biopsy has emerged as a non-invasive cancer diagnosis and prognosis tool. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have become promising biomarkers due to their stability and regulatory roles in cancer biology. This study aimed to evaluate the potential of hsa_circ_0008285 as a diagnostic biomarker for ovarian cancer (OC). 102 paired cancer and adjacent normal tissue samples, along with plasma from 98 OC patients, 42 polycystic ovary syndrome (PCO) patients, 35 endometriosis patients, and 93 healthy donors, were analyzed. Differentially expressed circRNAs were identified using Illumina HiSeq 2000 high-throughput sequencing in OC tissue samples (<em>n</em> = 4). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed to validate the expression of hsa_circ_0008285. Diagnostic efficacy and sensitivity were assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. High-throughput sequencing identified hsa_circ_0008285 as the most significantly upregulated circRNA (<em>P</em> = 0.000012). qRT-PCR results confirmed increased expression of hsa_circ_0008285 in OC tissues and plasma compared to healthy controls (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001). ROC analysis demonstrated an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.74 (95 % CI: 0.6567–0.8306, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001), indicating moderate diagnostic potential. Notably, the combined detection of hsa_circ_0008285 and CA_125 improved diagnostic specificity and sensitivity. Correlation analysis revealed that hsa_circ_0008285 upregulation was associated with tumor size, differentiation, and T stage. These findings suggest that hsa_circ_0008285 holds promise as a non-invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of OC, with potential applications in clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143874873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Replication stress response and radioresistance in lung cancer: Mechanistic insights and advanced therapeutic approaches","authors":"Moumita Kundu ,&nbsp;Ankita Dey ,&nbsp;Sanjukta Dasgupta","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101206","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101206","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lung cancer, the leading cause of cancer mortality globally, comprises mainly non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. Its pathogenesis involves genetic mutations, environmental exposures, chronic inflammation, and tumor microenvironment interactions. Critical genes like <em>TP53, RB1, KRAS</em>, and <em>EGFR</em> often mutate, driving uncontrolled cell growth. Radiation therapy, a primary treatment, faces challenges with radioresistance due to DNA repair mechanisms and replication stress responses. Emerging therapeutic strategies target DNA repair pathways, cell cycle checkpoints, and immune responses to enhance radiosensitivity and counteract resistance. Promising approaches include PARP inhibitors, CDK inhibitors, EGFR blockers, and immunotherapies combined with radiation. Advances in understanding these mechanisms are crucial for developing targeted therapies to improve lung cancer patient outcomes. The present review focuses on elucidating the intricate mechanisms of lung cancer pathogenesis and radioresistance, while highlighting novel therapeutic strategies designed to overcome these challenges and improve treatment efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101206"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143858939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updated perspectives on visceral pleural invasion in non-small cell lung cancer: A propensity score-matched analysis of the SEER database","authors":"Jingxin Liu ,&nbsp;Yibing Wang ,&nbsp;Xianwei Zhou ,&nbsp;Meijin Reng ,&nbsp;Ziyue Xiang ,&nbsp;Ruimin Chang ,&nbsp;Wen Hao ,&nbsp;Xitai Sun ,&nbsp;Yang Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Visceral pleural invasion (VPI), including PL1 (the tumor invades beyond the elastic layer) and PL2 (the tumor extends to the surface of the visceral pleura), plays a crucial role in staging Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC). However, there is a growing debate concerning the prognostic significance of PL1 and PL2. This study, therefore, conducted the analysis of the prognostic differences between PL1 and PL2 to inform more precise staging and treatment strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Altogether, 12,223 resected T1-3N0M0 NSCLC patients from 2010 to 2015 were enrolled. Utilizing propensity score matching (PSM) and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, this study explored the prognosis of patients under different settings of VPI and the impact of various treatments. Finally, a machine learning model was constructed to accurately predict the 5-year survival probability.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For tumors ≤ 50 mm, PL1 did not confer a survival disadvantage compared to PL0 (the tumor within the elastic layer of the visceral pleura), whereas PL2 did. Notably, patients with tumor sizes 31–50 mm and PL2 have a similar poor prognosis to patients with tumor sizes of 51–70 mm and PL0. Further survival analysis showed that lobectomy offered better outcomes than sublobectomy. Moreover, patients in this study did not benefit from postoperative radiotherapy or chemotherapy. A model with high efficacy in predicting the 5-year survival probability was developed eventually.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>These data support the viewpoint that staging patients with tumor ≤ 30 mm and PL1 as T1. Those with 31–50 mm tumors and PL2, exhibiting a similar poor prognosis to patients with T3 and PL0, warrant a T3 classification. Apart from optimizing the TNM staging system, machine learning could also play a significant role in prognostic prediction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101205"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143843685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of atezolizumab, bevacizumab, carboplatin, and paclitaxel for epidermal growth factor receptor mutation-positive advanced non-small cell lung cancer after tyrosine kinase inhibitor failure","authors":"Yoh Yamaguchi ,&nbsp;Yuki Shinno ,&nbsp;Ken Masuda ,&nbsp;Ryo Ariyasu ,&nbsp;Kaname Nosaki ,&nbsp;Taiki Hakozaki ,&nbsp;Takaaki Tokito ,&nbsp;Shogo Nomura ,&nbsp;Makoto Nishio ,&nbsp;Koichi Goto ,&nbsp;Yukio Hosomi ,&nbsp;Koichi Azuma ,&nbsp;Yuichiro Ohe","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101200","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101200","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with driver mutations, notably epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) or anaplastic lymphoma kinase, shows reduced sensitivity to immune checkpoint inhibitors. A subgroup analysis of the IMpower150 data on patients resistant to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) before enrollment demonstrated prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) with atezolizumab, bevacizumab, carboplatin, and paclitaxel (ABCP) over bevacizumab, carboplatin, and paclitaxel. However, due to the exploratory nature and small sample size, the efficacy of ABCP post-EGFR-TKI failure is still debated. We evaluated ABCP therapy against other platinum-based regimens without immune checkpoint inhibitors in terms of effectiveness and toxicity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from patients with advanced or recurrent NSCLC harboring EGFR-sensitizing mutations treated with platinum-based chemotherapy or ABCP at five Japanese hospitals were retrospectively analyzed. Propensity score matching compared efficacy outcomes, including overall response rate (ORR), PFS, and OS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 183 EGFR mutation carriers, 33 underwent ABCP therapy, while 150 received platinum-based chemotherapy. Following propensity score matching, 32 and 74 patients were analyzed. In the ABCP group, median PFS and OS were 6.8 and 16.7 months compared to 5.8 and 25.7 months with platinum-based chemotherapy, showing no significant differences in PFS (<em>p =</em> 0.46) and OS (<em>p =</em> 0.85). In liver metastases, ABCP yielded a median PFS of 9.9 versus 6.1 months and an ORR of 62.5 % versus 35.7 % relative to platinum-based chemotherapy, without statistical significance (PFS <em>p</em> = 0.16; ORR <em>p =</em> 0.70).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Compared with platinum-based chemotherapy, ABCP did not improve effectiveness in patients with EGFR-mutated NSCLC after EGFR-TKI failure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of triplet versus doublet regimens in patients with multiple myeloma: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Zilu Meng ,&nbsp;Hanxue Zheng ,&nbsp;Yanhong Li ,&nbsp;Jun Bai ,&nbsp;Liansheng Zhang ,&nbsp;Lijuan Li","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101202","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101202","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The efficacy and safety of various therapies for multiple myeloma (MM) remain a subject of ongoing debate, with inconsistent findings. This meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of triplet versus doublet regimens in the management of MM. This study followed the guidelines delineated in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 statement, with our protocol duly registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024527903).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>An exhaustive literature search was performed across four databases, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, from their commencement to March 5, 2024. Data on overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), adverse events (AEs), and grade ≥ 3 AEs were synthesized using either random-effects or fixed-effects models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This analysis considered 29 studies, which cover approximately 11,230 MM patients in total. Triplet regimens were found to yield better PFS and OS for MM patients as compared to the doublet regimens. Although the incidence of serious AEs was higher under the triplet regimens, with pooled RRs of grade ≥ 3 AEs reaching 1.13. Besides, subgroup analysis demonstrated that patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) tended to have better PFS and OS under triple therapy, in contrast to newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) and older adults, who experienced little to no significant impact.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Triplet regimens demonstrate superior PFS and OS compared to doublet regimens in MM patients, but also have a higher likelihood of causing AEs of grade 3 or 4.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101202"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond CTS5 score: A novel nomogram predicting long-term prognosis in patients with hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer","authors":"Mingqi Zhang ,&nbsp;Jing Yu ,&nbsp;Liang Qin ,&nbsp;Jiayi Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>HR+/HER2+ breast cancer are exposed to high late-recurrence risk. CTS5 is widely used in predicting late recurrence of HR+/HER2- patients. This study aims to explore the application of CTS5 in HR+/HER2+ patients and develop a novel model with greater predictive efficacy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We collect 26605 HR+/HER2+ breast cancer patients diagnosed between 2010 and 2019 from SEER database. The main survival outcome was breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) after 5 years of diagnosis. CTS5 score was calculated. Survival analysis was performed. Cox regression identified significant clinicopathological parameters, which were used to construct a nomogram.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients were stratified into CTS5 low- (<em>n</em> = 10,217, 38.4%), intermediate- (<em>n</em> = 9,257, 34.8%) and high-risk (<em>n</em> = 7,131, 26.8%) groups. Patients in CTS5 high-risk subgroup were more likely to be older at diagnosis, postmenopausal and have tumors with higher TN stage and grades (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). High-risk patients showed worse BCSS compared with intermediate- and low-risk patients (cumulative hazard: BCSS, 7.4%, 3.2% and 1.7%, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). Cox regression suggested age, TN stage, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were BCSS associated (all <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) while grade wasn't. A nomogram based on age, tumor size and lymph nodes was constructed. The AUC values of the ROC curves for 6, 8, and 10-year BCSS were 0.687, 0.698, and 0.700. The nomogram demonstrated a significantly higher likelihood ratio statistic compared to CTS5 (518.9 vs. 483.8, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>We confirmed the prognostic value of CTS5 in HR+/HER2+ breast cancer and developed a new nomogram with superior predictive performance for long-term prognosis compared to CTS5.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"56 ","pages":"Article 101201"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143761224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information for Readers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0147-0272(25)00019-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0147-0272(25)00019-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101192"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Title Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0147-0272(25)00015-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0147-0272(25)00015-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101188"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the clinical efficacy of neoadjuvant intravesical Mitomycin C in naïve non-muscle invasive urinary bladder cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Anuja Thakur ,&nbsp;Lalit Kumar ,&nbsp;Sakshi Agarwal ,&nbsp;Rachana Tripathy ,&nbsp;Yashasvi Singh ,&nbsp;Sameer Trivedi ,&nbsp;Ujwal Kumar","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101198","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101198","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and Objective</h3><div>Naïve non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is commonly treated with transurethral resection (TURBT), but recurrence and progression remain concerns.</div><div>This meta-analysis, the first we have conducted on this topic, compared recurrence and progression rates between patients treated with neoadjuvant Mitomycin C (MMC) and the control group (TURBT alone).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Relevant articles were identified and appraised through a structured literature assessment. Databases searched included PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and Science Direct. Duplicate publications, book sections, conference papers, encyclopedias, case reports, magazine articles, presentations, theses, protocols, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses were excluded. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I².</div></div><div><h3>Key findings and limitations</h3><div>The meta-analysis evaluated recurrence rates, progression rates, and adverse events. No heterogeneity was observed (I²=0 %). The pooled odd ratio (OR) for recurrence was 2.554 (95 % CI: 1.637-3.986), indicating a significant decrease in recurrence for the MMC group (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). For progression rates, the overall pooled OR was 1.508 (95 % CI: 0.832-2.734), suggesting that the MMC group showed a lower progression rate. However, this difference was not statistically significant (<em>P</em> = 0.176).Adverse events varied, with the MMC group showing fewer cases of hematuria (8.4 % vs. 34 %) but more irritative bladder symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions and Clinical Implications</h3><div>The meta-analysis suggests lower recurrence and progression rates in the neoadjuvant MMC group compared to the control group. Both groups experienced a comparable range of adverse events, suggesting that both treatment approaches exhibit a similar safety profile. Larger and more randomized controlled trials (RCT) are needed to confirm MMC's effectiveness in NIMBC treatment and establish its role in clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101198"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143659774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The outcomes of pediatric extracranial malignant germ cell tumors: A decade of experience from a single institution in Southern Vietnam","authors":"An Thi Thanh Dao ,&nbsp;Nhi Thuy To ,&nbsp;Chau Hoan Nguyen ,&nbsp;Khai Dinh Truong ,&nbsp;Tuan Diep Tran ,&nbsp;Soh Shui Yen ,&nbsp;Amos Loh Hong Pheng ,&nbsp;Michelle Hermiston ,&nbsp;Phi Duong Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101197","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2025.101197","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Extracranial malignant germ cell tumors (GCTs) generally exhibit favorable outcomes with contemporary therapeutic approaches. However, the outcomes of pediatric GCTs in Vietnam remain unclear. This study aims to evaluate the clinical features, treatment modalities, and prognostic factors associated with survival outcomes in children with GCTs treated at Children's Hospital Number 2 (CH2) in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving pediatric patients with GCTs treated at CH2 between January 1, 2011, and July 30, 2019. Data were extracted from medical records and entered into REDCap for analysis using SPSS version 20.0 (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY). Descriptive statistics were reported as mean ± standard deviation, unless otherwise specified. Overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) rates were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the log-rank test was employed to assess the significance of potential prognostic factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 69 patients with a median age of 25 months were included in the study. Of these, 48 (69.9 %) had gonadal tumors, and 21 (30.4 %) had extragonadal tumors. The median alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level at diagnosis was 2,589 kU/L, with 26 (37.7 %) patients presenting with AFP levels exceeding 10,000 kU/L. All patients underwent surgical resection followed by platinum-based chemotherapy (carboplatin in 92.8 % and cisplatin in 7.2 %). The incidence of grade 3-4 toxicities (neutropenia, febrile neutropenia, and thrombocytopenia) varied between 3.5 % and 19.4 % per chemotherapy cycle. The mean follow-up duration was 53.3 months, with a relapse rate of 5.8 % and an abandonment rate of 11.6 %. The 5-year OS and EFS rates were 92.5 % and 91 %, respectively. EFS was significantly higher in patients with gonadal tumors compared to those with extragonadal tumors (95.7 % vs 84.4 %, <em>p</em> = 0.035). Additionally, OS was significantly better in patients with stage I-II tumors compared to those with stage III-IV (100 % vs 86.2 %, <em>p</em> = 0.03), in patients with AFP levels &lt;10,000 kU/L compared to those with AFP &gt;10,000 kU/L (97.6 % vs 84 %, <em>p</em> = 0.041), and in patients who did not abandon treatment (94.9 % vs 77 %, <em>p</em> = 0.044).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The outcomes of pediatric extracranial malignant germ cell tumors in this cohort were excellent, with relatively low early treatment-related toxicity. Reducing treatment abandonment and identifying high-risk patients for intensified therapy may further improve survival outcomes in this setting.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101197"},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}