Current Problems in Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Artificial intelligence-based pathological application to predict regional lymph node metastasis in Papillary Thyroid Cancer","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101150","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101150","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a model for predicting lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer was trained using pathology images from the TCGA(The Cancer Genome Atlas) public dataset of papillary thyroid cancer, and a front-end inference model was trained using our center's dataset based on the concept of probabilistic propagation of nodes in graph neural networks. Effectively predicting whether a tumor will spread to regional lymph nodes using a single pathological image is the capacity of the model described above. This study demonstrates that regional lymph nodes in papillary thyroid cancer are a common and predictable occurrence, providing valuable ideas for future research. Now we publish the above research process and code for further study by other researchers, and we also make the above inference algorithm public at the URL: http:// thyroid-diseases-research.com/, with the hope that other researchers will validate it and provide us with ideas or datasets for further study.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Four versus six cycles of platinum-based chemotherapy for advanced Urothelial carcinoma in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors: A retrospective cohort study (FOCUS, KCSG-GU23-08)","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101149","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101149","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the survival outcomes of four versus six cycles of first-line platinum-based chemotherapy (PBCT) in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) for patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC).</div></div><div><h3>Patients and Methods</h3><div>Patients with histologically confirmed advanced UC were allocated to either the 4-cycle PBCT (C4) or 6-cycle PBCT (C6) groups and retrospectively analyzed. After the planned cycles, active surveillance was conducted every 6–8 weeks, followed by second-line treatments, including ICIs, upon progression. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of the 161 patients initiated with PBCT between September 2016 and February 2023, 27 were deemed ineligible, leaving 134 patients for analysis (C4, <em>n</em> = 58; C6, <em>n</em> = 77). Baseline characteristics, including cisplatin eligibility, were similar between the groups. With a median follow-up of 23.7 months (95 % confidence interval (CI), 20.3–27.1), no significant difference was observed in OS between the C6 and C4 groups (18.7 months vs. 17.0 months; hazard ratio (HR) 1.27, <em>P</em> = 0.343). In multivariate analysis adjusted for sex, initial presentation, metastatic lesion, and ECOG PS, no significant difference was observed between the C6 and C4 groups (HR 1.29, 95 % CI, 0.78–2.14, <em>P</em> = 0.315).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study showed that four cycles of PBCT do not differ from six cycles regarding OS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metaplastic breast cancer: Experience with ifosfamide based chemotherapy","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101148","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101148","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Metaplastic breast cancer (MPBC) is a rare variant of breast cancer and most treatment protocols are based on the guidelines for triple negative breast cancer. However, response to standard anthracycline and taxane based chemotherapy is poor. Published literature on use of ifosfamide based chemotherapy in the first line setting for MPBC is scarce.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>We carried out this record based analysis on MPBC patients treated at our institute with the combination of ifosfamide and Adriamycin (IA) as first line therapy. Patients were analysed for the clinical and demographic profile; pathology and treatment details; and treatment outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Four patients who received IA chemotherapy were evaluated. Three of the four patients were postmenopausal. The median size of the tumor was 7.5 cm, only one patient had a heavy nodal burden and lung was the most common site of metastases seen in all three patients with metastatic disease. Pathology showed heterogenous, mixed histology with high grade tumors. All patients had triple negative tumors. All four patients underwent mastectomy and received IA chemotherapy as per standard doses. One patient had complete response, one had partial response and one patient progressed after 4 cycles of chemotherapy. The patient with localized disease continues to be disease free till date. Grade 3,4 neutropenia and grade 2 anemia was the most common chemotherapy related toxicity.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The response rates in MPBC with IA regimen appear to be similar to the currently used anthracycline-taxane combinations, with slightly more haematological toxicity. Ifosfamide and adriamycin regimen may be considered in MPBC patients as primary or salvage systemic therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142270503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information for Readers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0147-0272(24)00078-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0147-0272(24)00078-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147027224000783/pdfft?md5=9db5d3189d1105a34bd305df63288304&pid=1-s2.0-S0147027224000783-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142241200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Title Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0147-0272(24)00077-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0147-0272(24)00077-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147027224000771/pdfft?md5=5969f9b33c1231049b7377fc96f63121&pid=1-s2.0-S0147027224000771-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142241199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping the intricacies of GLI1 in hedgehog signaling: A combined bioinformatics and clinical analysis in Head & Neck cancer in Western India","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101146","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101146","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Activation of various cancer stem cell pathways are thought to be responsible for treatment failure and loco-regional recurrence in Head and Neck cancer. Hedgehog signaling, a major cancer stem signaling pathway plays a major role in relapse of disease. GLI1, a transcription activator, plays an important role in canonical/non-canonical activation of Hedgehog signaling.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Data for H&amp;N cancer patients were collected from The Cancer Genome Atlas- H&amp;N Cancer (TCGA-HNSC). GLI1 co-expressed genes in TCGA-HNSC were then identified using cBioPortal and subjected to KEGG pathway analysis by DAVID tool. Network Analyzer and GeneMania plugins from CytoScape were used to identify hub genes and predict a probable pathway from the identified hub genes respectively. To confirm the hypothesis, real-time gene expression was carried out in 75 patients of head and neck cancer.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Significantly higher GLI1 expression was observed in tumor tissues of H&amp;N cancer and it also showed worst overall survival. Using cBioPortal tool, 2345 genes were identified that were significantly co-expressed with GLI1. From which, 15 hub genes were identified through the Network Analyzer plugin in CytoScape. A probable pathway prediction based on hub genes showed the interconnected molecular mechanism and its role in non-canonical activation of Hedgehog pathway by altering the GLI1 activity. The expressions of SHH, GLI1 and AKT1 were significant with each other and were found to be significantly associated with Age, Lymph-Node status and Keratin.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study emphasizes the critical role of the Hh pathway's activation modes in H&amp;N cancer, particularly highlighting the non-canonical activation through GLI1 and AKT1. The identification of SHH, GLI1 and AKT1 as potential diagnostic biomarkers and their association with clinic-pathological parameters underscores their relevance in prognostication and treatment planning. Hh pathway activation through GLI1 and its cross-talk with various pathways opens up the possibility of newer treatment strategies and developing a panel of therapeutic targets in H&amp;N cancer patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142167839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ROS1-rearranged non-small cell lung cancer: Understanding biology and optimizing management in the era of new approvals","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rearrangements involving the <em>ROS1</em> gene are infrequent in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) but represent an important targetable driver alteration. Occurring most commonly in patients with adenocarcinoma who have a light or never smoking history, <em>ROS1</em> rearrangements can be identified by either fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) or next-generation sequencing techniques. Multiple tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are now available for the effective treatment of <em>ROS1-</em>rearranged NSCLC in the metastatic setting including crizotinib, entrectinib, and repotrectinib as first-line therapy options. In addition, newer targeted therapies with increased selectivity for ROS1 over other targets are also emerging. As treatment of the disease continues to evolve, understanding the clinical course of patients with <em>ROS1-</em>rearranged NSCLC as well as the data supporting the latest therapy options is key to timely, effective, and longitudinal care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142164375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theranostics in Neuroendocrine Tumors: Updates and Emerging Technologies","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Advancements in somatostatin receptor (SSTR) targeted imaging and treatment of well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) have revolutionized the management of these tumors. This comprehensive review delves into the current practice, discussing the use of the various FDA-approved SSTR-agonist PET tracers and the predictive imaging biomarkers, and elaborating on Lu177-DOTATATE peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) including the evolving areas of post-therapy imaging practices, PRRT retreatment, and the potential role of dosimetry in optimizing patient treatments. The future directions sections highlight ongoing research on investigational PET imaging radiotracers, future prospects in alpha particle therapy, and combination therapy strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142129137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of functional neuroendocrine tumors","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Functional neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are those associated with specific symptoms related to the hormonal secretion of the NENs. Although less than 25 % of NENs are functional at diagnosis,<span><span>¹</span></span> the associated syndromes significantly increase the patient burden of disease. Management of hormonal NEN symptoms may involve tumor resection or other reduction strategies (e.g., chemotherapy, embolotherapy, etc), but also specific therapies directed at decreasing hormonal synthesis, secretion, or end-organ effects. In this review, we focus on specific symptomatic management of many of the NEN syndromes, which may be pursued in addition to management primarily directed at tumor bulk and growth. A continued focus on symptom management related to the hormonal secretions of NENs, in the context of other efforts to reduce tumor bulk and growth, could significantly improve patient wellbeing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142096368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical treatment of neuroendocrine tumors","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2024.101132","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}