Current Problems in Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Effects of nutritional indices and inflammatory parameters on patients received immunotherapy for non-small cell lung cancer","authors":"Hui-Ping Ding ,&nbsp;Yi-Qun Ling ,&nbsp;Wei Chen ,&nbsp;Qin Ding ,&nbsp;Liu-Qing Xu ,&nbsp;Yan Wu ,&nbsp;Qiong Wang ,&nbsp;Tian-Hao Ni ,&nbsp;Bing-Qin He","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p><span>This research explored the relationship between a patient's nutritional state and inflammatory markers and the prognosis of their non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treatment while receiving a combination of chemotherapy and </span>immunotherapy.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p><span>This retrospective and single-center analysis included NSCLC patients who received a combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy at the Department of Oncology at Shanghai Lung Hospital. Patients were categorized based on malnutrition, </span>sarcopenia<span><span>, sarcopenic obesity, and advanced-lung-cancer-inflammation-index (ALI) scores after collecting nutritional and inflammatory indices. Kaplan-Meier and the </span>Cox models were utilized to analyze survival.</span></p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There was a significant correlation between malnutrition, sarcopenia, sarcopenic obesity, and low ALI scores with lower overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) (p &lt; 0.05). Low ALI score and malnutrition were independent factors influencing patient survival in terms of both OS and PFS (p &lt; 0.01).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The nutritional and inflammatory indices of immunotherapy-treated NSCLC patients substantially affect their prognosis. Assessing these variables could aid in optimizing treatment strategies and improving patient outcomes. Additional research is required to comprehend the intricate relationship between nutrition, inflammation, and cancer progression and to develop individualized therapies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 101035"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138292392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using machine learning algorithms to predict the prognosis of advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma after intensity-modulated radiotherapy","authors":"Dan Hu ,&nbsp;Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Genxin Ji ,&nbsp;Yu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><span>The prognosis of advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients after intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) has not been well studied. We aimed to construct prognostic models for advanced NPC patients with stage III-IV after their first </span>treatment with IMRT by using machine learning algorithms and to identify the most important predictors.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A total of 427 patients treated in MeiZhou City People's Hospital in Guangzhou province, China from January 1, 2013 to December 12, 2018 were enrolled in this study, with an average follow-up period of 7.16 years from July 2020 to March 2021. Candidate predictors were selected from demographics, clinical features, medical examinations and test results. Three machine learning algorithms were applied to construct advanced NPC prognostic models: logistic regression (LR), decision tree (DT), and random forest (RF). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the model performance. The important predictors of the optimal model for unfavourable prognosis were identified and ranked.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were 50 (11.7%) NPC-related deaths observed in this study. The mean age of all participants was 49.39±11.29 years, of whom 299 (70.0%) were males. In general, RF showed the best predictive performance with the highest AUC (0.753, 95% CI: 0.609, 0.896), compared to LR (0.736, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.590, 0.881), and DT (0.720, 95% CI: 0.520, 0.921). The six most important predictors identified by RF were Epstein-Barr virus deoxyribonucleic acid, aspartate aminotransferase, body mass index<span><span>, age, blood glucose level, and </span>alanine aminotransferase.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>We proposed RF as a simple and accurate tool for the evaluation of the prognosis of advanced NPC patients after the treatment with IMRT in clinical settings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 101040"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134688929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of circulating normal and tumor plasma cells in newly diagnosed patients of multiple myeloma and their associations with clinical and laboratory parameters","authors":"Leena Gupta ,&nbsp;Pratibha Suku ,&nbsp;Aishwarya Dash ,&nbsp;Parveen Bose ,&nbsp;Praveen Sharma ,&nbsp;Nabhajit Mallik ,&nbsp;Sreejesh Sreedharanunni ,&nbsp;Neelam Varma ,&nbsp;Aditya Jandial ,&nbsp;Pankaj Malhotra ,&nbsp;Man Updesh Singh Sachdeva","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101025","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Circulating plasma cells (CPCs) are frequently noted in variable frequencies in the entire spectrum of plasma cells neoplasms. With advent of high sensitivity multi-parametric flow cytometry, it is not only possible to detect CPCs present in very low numbers, but also to categorise them into circulating tumor plasma cells (CTPCs) and circulating normal plasma cells (CNPCs), based on their marker-profile. This study used multi-colour flow cytometry to evaluate the load of both CTPCs &amp; CNPCs at the time of diagnosis and at six months’ time-point of therapy, and evaluated associations of both with clinical and laboratory parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Twenty one newly diagnosed MM patients were enrolled. Six to nine millilitres of EDTA-anticoagulated peripheral blood sample was used for flow cytometry. A ten colour antibody panel was used for analysis of CPCs, which were categorised further into CTPCs and CNPCs. Approximately 4.8 million events were acquired for the analysis. The percentage &amp;absolute numbers of CTPCs and CNPCs were noted and the proportion of CTPCs out of all CPCs (CTPCs + CNPCs) were also calculated for evaluating their statistical associations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;All 21 patients of newly diagnosed MM showed presence of CPCs (CTPCs and/or CNPCs) at the time of diagnosis. The CTPCs were detected in 76 % of the study population. The median percentage and absolute counts of CTPCs were 0.52 % and 54.9 cells /µL, respectively. CNPCs were found in 95 % and the median percentage and absolute counts of CNPCs were 0.025 % and 2.66 cells/µL. After six months of therapy, CPCs (CTPCs and/or CNPCs) were found in all nine patients evaluated for this assay. CTPCs were found 33 %, with a median of 0.075 % and CNPCs were found in 89 % with a median of 0.01 %. Our study showed that the load of CTPCs was found to be higher in patients with presence of lytic bone lesions, plasmacytoma, presence of PCs on peripheral blood film by light microscopy, presence of Chr 1p32 deletion, expression of CD56 and CD81 on CTPCs, and in patients with absence of very good partial response (VGPR). Conversely, the load of CTPCs was significantly lower in patients with concomitant amyloidosis. Also, percentage of bone marrow plasma cells exhibited a significant positive correlation with the absolute count of CTPCs. We observed that the mean percentage of CNPCs was significantly higher in female patients. The load of CNPCs was lower in patients with thrombocytopenia and with hypoalbuminemia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Increased burden of CTPCs was associated with presence of lytic lesions, plasmacytomas, Chr 1p32 deletion, expression of CD56 and CD81 on tumor cells and with failure to achieve very good partial response. The CNPCs were lower in patients with thrombocytopenia and with hypoalbuminemia. To best ot our knowledge, this is the first study from India on the relevance of circulating tumor pl","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 101025"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89720699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing trends in disease burden of lung cancer in China from 1990-2019 and following 15-year prediction","authors":"Di Zhao ,&nbsp;Jinzhi Lu ,&nbsp;Wen Zeng ,&nbsp;Cong Zhang ,&nbsp;Yonghao You","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>As lung cancer becomes a primary source of death in China, investigation on incidence rate, death rate, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) is of great significance to optimize prevention measures and allocation of healthcare resources.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We utilized data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database to evaluate the incidence rate, death rate, and DALYs of lung cancer in China from 1990 to 2019. Analysis of lung cancer risk factor-related death rate and DALYs was performed. Age-standardized rates (ASR) and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) were calculated. The incidence trend of lung cancer from 2020 to 2034 was predicted by the Nordpred age-period-cohort (APC) model.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) increased from 30.2/100000 (95 % UI 26.2–34.3) in 1990 to 41.7/100000 (95 % UI 35.2–48.8) in 2019, and EAPC was 1.33 (95 % CI 1.16–1.49). From 1990 to 2019, men were noted for the highest incidence rate, death rate, and DALYs rate across three age groups (15–49 years, 50–69 years, and over 70). During this period, the ASIR of lung cancer in females was always lower than that in males. The predominant risk factors of lung cancer were smoking, air pollution, and diet, among which smoking was the most significant one. The analysis results showed that new cases and deaths may increase in the following 15 years since 2020 in the context of lung cancer.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Faced with the heavy burden of lung cancer, China must issue corresponding policies and roll out prevention avenues against smoking and air pollution.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"48 ","pages":"Article 101036"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71489193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk factors for omental metastasis and the effect of omentectomy on survival in type 2 endometrial cancer patients","authors":"Varol Gülseren ,&nbsp;İlker Çakır ,&nbsp;Esra Canan Kelten ,&nbsp;Aykut Özcan ,&nbsp;Muzaffer Sancı ,&nbsp;Ertuğrul Şen ,&nbsp;Zübeyde Emiralioğlu Çakır ,&nbsp;İsa Aykut Özdemir ,&nbsp;Kemal Güngördük","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span>To investigate the risk factors for occult omental metastasis and the effect of </span>omentectomy<span> on the survival of type 2 endometrial cancer (EC) patients. This study enrolled patients who were diagnosed with high-risk (grade 3, serous, clear cell, undifferentiated, carcinosarcoma, or mixed type) EC between 2000 and 2021 and underwent surgery in our center. Data from 482 patients were analyzed retrospectively. Omentectomy was performed in 405 (84.0%) patients. Omental metastases were detected in 61 (12.7%) patients. Eighteen (29.5%) of these metastases were occult. Adnexal involvement, malignant </span></span>cytology<span>, and peritoneal spread were independent risk factors for omental metastasis. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate was 59.5% in patients who underwent omentectomy and 64.7% in those who did not (</span></span><em>P</em> = 0.558). In patients with and without omental metastases, the overall 5-year OS rates were 34.9% and 63.5%, respectively (<em>P</em><span> &lt; 0.001). The 5-year OS rates of patients with a normal omentum, gross tumors, and occult metastases were 63.5%, 26.9%, and 52.5%, respectively (</span><em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Omental metastases is not uncommon in type II endometrial cancer; approximately one third of patients have occult metastases. Factors - positive cytology, adnexal involvement, and peritoneal involvement are associated with higher probability of omental metastases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"47 6","pages":"Article 101018"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49685302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovations for the integration of palliative care for hematologic malignancies","authors":"Neha Kayastha ,&nbsp;Alison R. Kavanaugh ,&nbsp;Jason A. Webb ,&nbsp;Thomas W. LeBlanc","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>Specialist palliative care<span> provides additional support to facilitate living well with a serious illness, like cancer, even while pursuing disease-directed therapy. For patients with hematologic malignancies, integrated specialist palliative care improves symptom burden, mood, and </span></span>quality of life<span>, with benefits even extending to caregivers. Despite this, patients with hematologic malignancies continue to have significant unmet palliative care needs and typically access palliative care late in their disease trajectories, if at all. In this paper, we will define specialist palliative care and review its benefits for patients with hematologic malignancies. We will discuss the unmet palliative care needs of this patient population and the barriers to integrating palliative care and oncologic care. Finally, we will explore innovations and areas of future research to enhance and optimize palliative care integration into usual cancer care treatment for patients with hematologic malignancies. We will explore the importance of ongoing </span></span>clinical trials<span> that are examining the correct “dose” of palliative care; the use of technology and telehealth; and the use of novel treatments for this patient population. Together, we will consider innovative avenues to provide palliative care to patients with hematologic malignancies and their caregivers.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"47 5","pages":"Article 101011"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10278957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Practical considerations for prognostic communication in pediatric cancer","authors":"Brittany Cowfer ,&nbsp;Tammy I. Kang ,&nbsp;Matthew T. McEvoy","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>High-quality communication is essential for the optimal care of children with cancer and their families. There are opportunities for pediatric oncologists to engage in clear and compassionate prognostic communication across the disease trajectory including at the time of diagnosis, disease recurrence or progression, and end of life. Contrary to previously held beliefs, prognostic disclosure supports parental hope and meets the needs and expectations of families who prefer honest conversations about prognosis. These communication encounters can be challenging with many oncologists having little training in this important skill. In this summary, we aim to provide practical guidance for prognostic communication in pediatric cancer<span> across the illness trajectory giving phrases we have found helpful including a brief overview of some published communication frameworks utilized in the care of pediatric oncology patients and families.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"47 5","pages":"Article 101009"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41220703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information for Readers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0147-0272(23)00082-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-0272(23)00082-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"47 5","pages":"Article 101029"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138396783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Creating a culture for change: Lessons from behavioral economics and complexity science to increase serious illness conversations for patients with cancer","authors":"Ramy Sedhom ,&nbsp;Jasmine Tomita-Barber ,&nbsp;Christopher R. Manz ,&nbsp;Ravi B Parikh ,&nbsp;Arjun Gupta ,&nbsp;Qasim Hussaini ,&nbsp;David Dougherty","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Patient-centered cancer care requires communication between patients and clinicians about patients’ goals, values, and preferences. Serious illness communication improves patient and caregiver outcomes, the value and quality of cancer care, and the well-being of clinicians. Despite these benefits, there are competing factors including time, capacity, bandwidth, and resistance. Health systems<span> and oncology practices have opportunities to invest in pathways that assist patients and clinicians to engage in serious illness conversations. We discuss how applying insights from behavioral economics and complexity science may help clinicians engage in serious illness conversation and improve patient-centered cancer care.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"47 5","pages":"Article 101020"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49685300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers, blocks, and barricades: Disparities to access of palliative care in cancer care","authors":"Sonia Malhotra ,&nbsp;Michelle Christopher ,&nbsp;Rajasree Pia Chowdry ,&nbsp;Brenna Mossman ,&nbsp;Amanda Cooke ,&nbsp;Josh Deblieux ,&nbsp;Cameron Simmons ,&nbsp;Kiondra Fisher ,&nbsp;Jason Webb ,&nbsp;Michael Hoerger","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Palliative care<span> (PC) is specialized medical care for people living with a serious illness. PC models have stressed pain and symptom management, communication that is patient- and family-centric and longitudinal support for families living with serious illness that is contiguous across multiple settings. Despite the benefits that PC provides from a patient, family and quality of care standpoint, several barriers and disparities exist. Included in these barriers are the lack of geographic access to PC programs as well as the focus on inpatient, hospital-based PC programs versus outpatient and home-based models. Workforce shortages, challenges with defining and designing PC, and racial, cultural and language barriers have all contributed to disparities within PC.</span></p><p>This review article outlines PC disparities including geographic access challenges, cross-cultural barriers and symptom and communication specific disparities. We discuss the impact these inequities have on patients living with cancer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":"47 5","pages":"Article 101024"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135810157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}