Current Problems in Cancer最新文献

{"title":"Prognostic role of the peritoneal cancer index in ovarian cancer patients who undergo cytoreductive surgery: a meta-analysis","authors":"Shu-Li Yang ,&nbsp;Li-Hui Si ,&nbsp;Rui-Xin Lin ,&nbsp;Shi-Yu Gu ,&nbsp;Jia-Hui Li ,&nbsp;Jun-Ze Cui ,&nbsp;Chu-Han Yan ,&nbsp;Abdulkarim Mohamed Farah ,&nbsp;Yan Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Advanced-stage ovarian cancer is usually associated with peritoneal carcinomatosis. This study evaluates the prognostic role of the Peritoneal Cancer Index (PCI) in predicting the survival of patients with ovarian cancer. A literature search was conducted in electronic databases (Google Scholar, PubMed, Ovid, and Science Direct) and study selection was based on precise eligibility criteria. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed to estimate survival with low and high PCI scores and to pool hazard ratios (HR) of survival between lower and higher PCI scores. A total of 20 studies (2588 patients) were included. Median follow-up was 39 months [95%CI: 25, 54]. Complete cytoreduction rate was 80% [95% CI: 73, 87]. The median PCI score was 11.3 [95% CI: 9.9, 12.7]. Median survival was 56.7 months [95% CI: 45.2, 68.2] with below and 28.8 months [95% CI: 23.0, 34.6] with above any PCI cutoff. Most studies used PCI cutoffs between 10 and 20. The median progression-free survival was 23.7 months [95% CI: 16.5, 30.8] with below and 11.9 months [95% CI: 5.9, 17.9] with above any PCI cutoff. 5-year survival rates were 61.3% [95% CI: 49.9, 72.8] with PCI&lt;10 cutoffs, 21.7% [95% CI: 11.6, 31.8] with PCI&gt;10 cutoffs, 50.1% [95% CI: 39.0, 61.2] with PCI&lt;20 cutoffs, and 21.7% [95% CI: 16.2, 27.1] with PCI&gt;20 cutoffs. Pooled analysis of HRs showed that a higher PCI score was associated with worse survival in both univariate (HR 2.14 [95%CI: 1.63, 2.66]) and multivariate (HR 1.10 [95% CI: 1.02, 1.18]) analyses. In a set of studies that used varying PCI cutoffs, the PCI has been found to have a significant inverse association with the survival of patients with advanced ovarian cancer who underwent cytoreductive surgery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147027223000673/pdfft?md5=f921ce116c464a5bfaa01f4a362c22c4&pid=1-s2.0-S0147027223000673-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10278954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of non-BRCA genes in the indication of risk-reducing surgery in hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC)","authors":"Laura Fernández Madrigal,&nbsp;Maria Yeray Rodríguez Garcés,&nbsp;Francisco Javier Jiménez Ruiz","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome (HBOC) is associated with other genes beyond BRCA. The performance of prophylactic bilateral mastectomy (PBM) and risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO) are primary prevention measures that can be recommended depending on the type of pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variant detected or family history. Descriptive, retrospective, and observational audit. Between the years 2015 to May 2023, a total of 288 families were studied by a multigene panel using </span>NGS<span>. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 22. Non-BRCA P/LP variants were detected in 38 families (84.2% females and 15.8% males); 18 in ATM (44.7 %), 7 in CHEK2 (18.4%), 5 in TP53 (13.2%), 2 in PTEN (5.3%), 2 in PALB2 (5.3%), 1 in RAD51C (2.6%), 1 in BRIP1 (2.6%), 1 in CDH1 (2.6%) and 1 in RAD51D (2.6%). Risk-reducing surgery was recommended in 18 patients (PBM in 18 [46.2 %] and RRSO in 5 [13.2%]). Given the results of our study, we support the recommendations of the guidelines on the use of multigene panels in the study of HBOC. Knowing P/LP variants beyond BRCA1 and 2 has an impact on the follow-up and primary and secondary prevention of affected families.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10285726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prognostic value of FIGO staging defined by combining MRI and [18F]FDG PET/CT in patients with locally advanced cervical cancer","authors":"Stefano Raffa ,&nbsp;Francesco Lanfranchi ,&nbsp;Camilla Satragno ,&nbsp;Flavio Giannelli ,&nbsp;Michela Marcenaro ,&nbsp;Angela Coco ,&nbsp;Sofia Elizabeth Cena ,&nbsp;Luca Sofia ,&nbsp;Cecilia Marini ,&nbsp;Serafina Mammoliti ,&nbsp;Alessia Levaggi ,&nbsp;Alberto Stefano Tagliafico ,&nbsp;Gianmario Sambuceti ,&nbsp;Salvina Barra ,&nbsp;Silvia Morbelli ,&nbsp;Liliana Belgioia ,&nbsp;Matteo Bauckneht","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.101007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The last version of the FIGO classification recommended imaging tools to complete the clinical assessment of patients with cervical cancer. However, the preferable imaging approach is still unclear. We aimed to explore the prognostic power of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), contrast-enhanced Computed Tomography (ceCT), and [¹⁸F]-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography ([¹⁸F]FDG-PET)/CT in patients staged for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC, FIGO stages IB3-IVA). Thirty-six LACC patients (mean age 55.47 ± 14.01, range 31-82) were retrospectively enrolled. All of them underwent MRI, ceCT and [¹⁸F]FDG-PET/CT before receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy. A median dose of 45 Gy (range 42-50.4; 25-28 fractions, 5 fractions per week, 1 per day) was delivered through the external-beam radiation therapy (EBRT) on the pelvic area, while a median dose of 57.5 Gy (range 16-61.1; 25-28 fractions, 5 fractions per week, 1 per day) was administered on metastatic nodes. The median doses for brachytherapy treatment were 28 Gy (range 28-30; 4-5 fractions, 1 every other day). Six cycles of cisplatin or carboplatin were administered weekly. The study endpoints were recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS). Metastatic pelvic lymph nodes at MRI independently predicted RFS (HR 13.271, 95% CI 1.730-101.805; <em>P</em> = 0.027), while metastatic paraaortic lymph nodes at [¹⁸F]FDG-PET/CT independently predicted both RFS (HR 11.734, 95% CI 3.200-43.026; <em>P</em> = .005) and OS (HR 13.799, 95% CI 3.378-56.361; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). MRI and [¹⁸F]FDG-PET/CT findings were incorporated with clinical evidences into the FIGO classification. With respect to the combination of clinical, MRI and ceCT data, the use of next-generation imaging (NGI) determined a stage migration in 10/36 (27.7%) of patients. Different NGI-based FIGO classes showed remarkably different median RFS (stage IIB: not reached; stage IIIC1: 44 months; stage IIIC2: 3 months; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001) and OS (stage IIB: not reached; stage IIIC1: not reached; stage IIIC2: 14 months; <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). A FIGO classification based on the combination of MRI and [¹⁸F]FDG-PET/CT might predict RFS and OS of LACC patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147027223000600/pdfft?md5=08e61dc65068cfe98032427df75245d8&pid=1-s2.0-S0147027223000600-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10540122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in high-risk localized prostate cancer: Staging and management","authors":"Yeison Reina ,&nbsp;Catalina Villaquirán ,&nbsp;Herney Andrés García-Perdomo","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.100993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.100993","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Nearly 15% of individuals with localized prostate cancer are identified as high risk for recurrence and progression of the disease, which is why the correct staging is vital for the definition of correct treatment—also developing novel therapeutic strategies to find a balance between getting better outcomes without sacrificing the quality of life (QoL). In this narrative review, we introduced the current standards of staging and primary treatment of high-risk localized prostate cancer (PCa), based on international guidelines and arguments in the debate, under the light of the most recent literature. It brings essential tools such as PSMA PET/CT and different nomograms (Briganti. MSKCC, Gandaglia) for accurate staging and selecting wisely the definitive therapy. Even though there is a broad discussion over the best local treatment in curative-intent treatment, it looks more important to define which patient profile would adapt correctly to every different treatment, highlighting the benefits and superior outcomes with multimodal treatment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10054673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Repurposing Metformin in hematologic tumor: State of art","authors":"Min Hu ,&nbsp;Yan Chen ,&nbsp;Tao Ma,&nbsp;Li Jing","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.100972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.100972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metformin is an ancient drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, and many studies now suggested that metformin can be used as an adjuvant drug in the treatment of many types of tumors. The mechanism of action of metformin for tumor treatment mainly involves: 1. activation of AMPK signaling pathway 2. inhibition of DNA damage repair in tumor cells 3. downregulation of IGF-1 expression 4. inhibition of chemoresistance and enhancement of chemotherapy sensitivity in tumor cells 5. enhancement of antitumor immunity 6. inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Metformin also plays an important role in the treatment of hematologic tumors, especially in leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma (MM). The combination of metformin and chemotherapy enhances the efficacy of chemotherapy, and metformin reduces the progression of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) to MM. The purpose of this review is to summarize the anticancer mechanism of metformin and the role and mechanism of action of metformin in hematologic tumors. We mainly summarize the studies related to metformin in hematologic tumors, including cellular experiments and animal experiments, as well as controlled clinical studies and clinical trials. In addition, we also focus on the possible side effects of metformin. Although a large number of preclinical and clinical studies have been performed and the role of metformin in preventing the progression of MGUS to MM has been demonstrated, metformin has not been approved for the treatment of hematologic tumors, which is related to the adverse effects of its high-dose application. Low-dose metformin reduces adverse effects and has been shown to alter the tumor microenvironment and enhance antitumor immune response, which is one of the main directions for future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10065095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk nomogram for assessing renal recovery in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma-related renal impairment","authors":"Shaobo Li ,&nbsp;Min Zhang ,&nbsp;Jin Liu ,&nbsp;Shaojun Liu ,&nbsp;Chen Zhu ,&nbsp;Da Shang ,&nbsp;Yi Guan ,&nbsp;Qian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.100962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.100962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To determine risk factors affecting renal recovery in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients with renal impairment (RI) and establish a risk nomogram. This multi-center, retrospective cohort study included 187 NDMM patients with RI, 127 of whom were admitted to Huashan Hospital and assigned to the training cohort and 60 were admitted to Changzheng Hospital and assigned to the external validation cohort. The baseline data of the 2 cohorts were compared, and survival and renal recovery rates were analyzed. Independent risk factors affecting renal recovery were determined by binary logistic regression analysis, and a risk nomogram was established and subsequently tested in the external validation cohort. Results: The median overall survival (OS) improved in patients who achieved renal recovery etc within 6 courses of MM directed treatment compared with patients without renal recovery. Median time to renal recovery was 2.65 courses, and the cumulative renal recovery rate during the first 3 courses was 75.05%. Involved serum free light chain (sFLC) ratio of &gt;120 at diagnosis, time from renal impairment to treatment &gt; 60 days, and a hematologic response without a very good partial remission (VGPR) or better resulted as independent risk factors for renal recovery during the first 3 courses. The established risk nomogram had good discriminative ability and accuracy. Involved sFLC was a key factor affecting renal recovery. Starting treatment as soon as possible after detecting RI and achieving deep hematologic remission during the first 3 courses of treatment helped achieve renal recovery and improve prognosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10060837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gynecologic and Breast Cancers: What's New in Chemoresistance and Chemosensitivity Tests?","authors":"Júlia Caroline Marcolin ,&nbsp;Martina Lichtenfels ,&nbsp;Camila Alves da Silva ,&nbsp;Caroline Brunetto de Farias","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.100996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.100996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Gynecological and breast cancers affect women's health worldwide. Although chemotherapy is one of the principal treatments for cancer, it also has limitations owing to toxicity and tumor resistance to the drugs used. Thus, individualized treatment based on personal tumor characteristics is essential for improving therapeutic outcomes and patient survival. Chemoresistance and chemosensitivity tests can be useful for predicting tumor response and guiding chemotherapy choices. This methodology has already been applied to breast, ovarian, cervical, and endometrial cancers, identifying successfully which drugs cause resistance and sensitivity responses for each individual person, influencing their progression-free survival and overall response. In addition, more recent techniques, such as organoids and patient-derived xenografts, can also recapitulate patients’ tumor characteristics and contribute to chemo response evaluation. Therefore, this review compiles information on chemoresistance and chemosensitivity tests performed in gynecologic and breast cancers and their main results for women's health improvement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10420165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond EGFR inhibitors in advanced colorectal cancer: Targeting BRAF and HER2","authors":"Vinh Dao ,&nbsp;Gregory Heestand","doi":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.100960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2023.100960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The addition of antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibodies, cetuximab or panitumumab, to conventional chemotherapy has improved clinical outcomes for rat sarcoma virus (<em>RAS</em>) wild-type advanced colorectal cancer patients, however, durable responses and 5-year overall survival rates remain limited. <em>BRAF V600E</em> somatic mutation and human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) amplification/overexpression have been separately implicated in primary resistance to anti-EGFR therapeutic strategies via aberrant activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, resulting in poorer outcomes. In addition to being a negative predictive biomarker for anti-EGFR therapy, <em>BRAF V600E</em> mutation and HER2 amplification/overexpression serve as positive predictors of response to therapies targeting these respective tumor promoters. This review will highlight key clinical studies that support the rational use of v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) and HER2-targeted therapies, often in combination with other targeted agents, cytotoxic chemotherapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitors. We discuss current challenges with BRAF and HER2-targeted therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer and potential opportunities for improvement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10066772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information for Readers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0147-0272(23)00053-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-0272(23)00053-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49818275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Title Page","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0147-0272(23)00052-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S0147-0272(23)00052-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55193,"journal":{"name":"Current Problems in Cancer","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2023-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49858520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}