Evolution and Human Behavior最新文献

{"title":"The evolution of symbolic artefacts: How function shapes form","authors":"Murillo Pagnotta ,&nbsp;Izzy Wisher ,&nbsp;Malte Lau Petersen ,&nbsp;Felix Riede ,&nbsp;Riccardo Fusaroli ,&nbsp;Kristian Tylén","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite the indisputable significance of human symbolic cognition and behavior, we still lack a detailed understanding of the mechanisms by which such capacities evolved during the Paleolithic. An important source of evidence is constituted by archaeological findings of intentional markings left on rock and bone surfaces, but these are often opaque with respect to their original meaning and function. Here we present experimental work that systematically addresses the relation between properties of intentional markings and their cognitive implications to support inferences about their past functions. Participants reproduced engraved markings dating to c. 100.000 years ago from the South African Blombos and Diepkloof sites in three conditions of cultural transmission: as part of an aesthetic, identity marking, and communicative activity. Their reproductions were then used as stimuli in a suite of five perceptual experiments to investigate differences in their cognitive implications over time and explore similarities with the archaeological record.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 261-267"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090513824000357/pdfft?md5=1ec72782a4b0ff4b43e7da70b3febd15&pid=1-s2.0-S1090513824000357-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140756536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Think leader, think alpha male” and the evolution of leader stereotypes","authors":"Chris von Rueden","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.04.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.04.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 317-318"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140791401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implications of Dominance versus Agency in the Interpretation of Preferences for Female and Male Leaders","authors":"Alice H. Eagly ,&nbsp;Steven J. Karau","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.04.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.04.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 311-312"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140777857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stereotypes versus preferences: Revisiting the role of alpha males in leadership","authors":"Adi Wiezel ,&nbsp;Michael Barlev ,&nbsp;Christopher R. Martos ,&nbsp;Douglas T. Kenrick","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Why are women underrepresented in positions of leadership? According to the “think manager-think male” model, leaders are stereotyped as male—and, in turn, as dominant—and this stereotype translates into preferences. However, status and leadership can be attained not only by dominance but also by prestige—a less sex-typed pathway. Five studies explored the relationship between leader stereotypes and preferences. University students spontaneously imagined both dominant and prestigious leaders as men (Study 1A, <em>N</em> = 148)—and this generalized across occupational domains (Study 1B, <em>N</em> = 220). However, they preferred women and prestigious leaders over men and dominant leaders. Study 2 (<em>N</em> = 2692) found this preference for female over male leaders using a large nationally representative U.S. sample from the Pew American Trends Panel. Study 3 (<em>N</em> = 461) experimentally replicated the preference for prestigious female over dominant male leader candidates among university students. In Study 4, (<em>N</em><span> = 952) online MTurk participants judged politicians from face photographs and again showed a preference for women, which may have partially been due to the inference that women are more likely to use prestige- over dominance-based leadership strategies. Collectively, findings suggest that the belief that people prefer “alpha male” leaders, which might discourage women from pursuing leadership roles and others from nominating them, needs to be updated.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 292-308"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139668683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stereotypes versus preferences: revisiting the alpha male stereotype of leadership","authors":"Mark van Vugt","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 313-314"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140779275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deconstructing “dominance” to refine leadership research","authors":"Patrick Durkee ,&nbsp;Aaron Lukaszewski","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.04.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.04.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 309-310"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140792232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prestige-based leadership offers women leaders an advantage and reduces gender inequality in leadership","authors":"Joey T. Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.04.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.04.007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 319-320"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140783511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are men (believed to be) less prestige-oriented than women?","authors":"Charleen R. Case,&nbsp;Laurel J. Detert","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.04.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.04.005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 315-316"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140766798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oral storytelling: humanity's first data management system?","authors":"Michelle Scalise Sugiyama","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Occupation of the foraging niche requires an extensive body of ecological knowledge, and humans rely heavily on social learning to master this curriculum in a safe, efficient, timely manner. This presents a formidable information management problem: In the absence of writing, how did ancestral hunter-gatherer societies accurately store and transmit their accumulated knowledge from generation to generation? Pronounced patterns in forager oral story corpora suggest a partial answer. Cross-culturally, these stories exhibit similar themes, genres, and characters, which in turn map onto critical domains of ecological knowledge. These stories also exhibit pronounced consistencies in their formal properties, predictably utilizing strategies that engage attention (e.g., ostensive communication) and facilitate memorization (e.g., repetition, rhythm, imagery). These patterns suggest that storytelling is an information technology that addresses key problems posed by our entry into the information niche: in conjunction with other forms of symbolic behavior (e.g., ritual, visual art, song, dance, games) storytelling provides a mnemonic framework for encoding accumulated knowledge, rules for faithfully copying it, and regular occasions for refreshing and transmitting it. Collectively, these behaviors may have been instrumental in the emergence of cumulative culture.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 241-251"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140203408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Culture shapes sex differences in mate preferences","authors":"Nechumi Malovicki-Yaffe ,&nbsp;Adam E. Tratner ,&nbsp;Melissa M. McDonald","doi":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2024.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The tendency for women, relative to men, to more strongly prefer mates with good financial prospects has been reliably documented across a variety of cultures. Malovicki-Yaffe et al. (2018) provided data to the contrary, demonstrating that Haredi women of the ultra-Orthodox community in Israel care little for a wealthy partner. They reported no significant sex difference in ratings of a partner's economic prospects, and a reversal for trait rankings, such that men rated a woman's earning capacity as more important than women did. These findings illustrate that status is culturally determined. The most conservative members of the ultra-Orthodox community in Israel endorse a sociocultural agreement in which women enter the workforce as the breadwinner to enable men to devote their time to religious pursuits. As a consequence, little power can be earned by men for their wealth, but is instead presumed to be conferred by their status as a religious scholar. Women's preferences follow suit, with a strong desire to acquire a highly intelligent and educated religious scholar as a mate. This sociocultural arrangement is still practiced within the ultra-Orthodox community, but recent shifts toward modernization in religious beliefs among some sects provide an opportunity to build on past research in three ways (1) replicate the reversed sex difference in mate preferences for economic prospects with a larger and more religiously varied sample (<em>N</em> = 1414 via an online Haredi Panel, Study 1), (2) examine whether the sex-reversed effect is weaker among those who have shifted to more modern religious beliefs (Study 1), and (3) validate the underlying assumptions made by past work with respect to how Haredi men and women earn power (<em>N</em> = 949 via online convenience sampling, Study 2). The results document a sex reversal in mate rankings <em>and</em> ratings for economic prospects, demonstrate that this effect is strongest among the most religiously conservative Haredi people, and confirm that men's strongest source of power in the ultra-Orthodox community is their role as a Torah scholar—eclipsing the impact of wealth. Additionally, we demonstrate the stability of men's preferences for a young and attractive partner, and explore whether women's role as an economic breadwinner translates into power in the home or community.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55159,"journal":{"name":"Evolution and Human Behavior","volume":"45 3","pages":"Pages 281-291"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140778018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}