Human Movement Science最新文献

{"title":"Effects of environmental and task related conditions on postural control under concurrent visual feedback","authors":"Seda Tasci ,&nbsp;Huseyin Celik ,&nbsp;Sadettin Kirazci","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2024.103186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2024.103186","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Previous studies have yielded conflicting results on the facilitative effects of concurrent visual feedback (CVFB) on postural control. In addition, these effects have generally been assessed only during a single postural task, and their scope has been limited to training sessions in the acquisition phase but not in the later retention phase. One explanation for these conflicting results is that assessing postural control during a single postural task, such as quiet stance, may not be sufficiently challenging for the postural control system to infer balance abilities. We aimed to address these shortcomings by diversifying postural tasks and environmental conditions and by including acquisition and retention phases in the experiments.</p></div><div><h3>Research questions</h3><p>Does the provision of CVFB of the instantaneous COP position improve performance on a variety of postural tasks compared to no-CVFB controls? Are the effects of the CVFB retained the following day? Do the observed effect sizes differ in magnitude between the environmental and task conditions under CVFB?</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Forty healthy young adults were randomly assigned to CVFB and no-CVFB control groups. The subjects performed three postural tasks: quiet, tandem, and single-leg stance, under two environmental conditions based on the stiffness of the supporting ground surface. Seven measures of postural sway, including ellipse area, mean speed, and sample entropy, were examined.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The provision of CVFB significantly increased sample entropy and sway-path length of the normalized posturogram. In addition, ellipse area, standard deviation of resultant distance, and range in the anteroposterior direction were significantly reduced in the CVFB group compared to the no-CVFB controls; however, these effects were not retained the following day without the addition of CVFB augmentation. The postural sway measures under CVFB were affected by task and environmental constraints, with varying effect sizes.</p></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><p>This study demonstrated environment and task-specific changes in postural sway measures under CVFB, which facilitated postural control in a variety of postural tasks. Providing CVFB significantly increased sample entropy, indicating less regular postural sway. The features of CVFB that attract external attention and reduce cognitive overload are possible explanations for these findings.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139699978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of suspensory strategy on balance recovery after lateral perturbation","authors":"Linjing Jiang ,&nbsp;Satoshi Kasahara ,&nbsp;Tomoya Ishida ,&nbsp;Yuta Koshino ,&nbsp;Ami Chiba ,&nbsp;Yuting Wei ,&nbsp;Mina Samukawa ,&nbsp;Harukazu Tohyama","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2024.103184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2024.103184","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Postural stability is essential for performing daily activities and preventing falls, whereby suspensory strategy with knee flexion may play a role in postural control. However, the contribution of the suspensory strategy for postural control during sudden lateral perturbation remains unclear. We aimed to determine how suspensory strategy contributed to postural adjustment during sudden perturbation in the lateral direction and what knee flexion setting maximized its effect. Eighteen healthy young adults (10 male and 8 female) participated in this study. Kinematic data during lateral perturbation at three velocities (7, 15, and 20 cm/s) were collected under three knee flexion angle conditions (0°, 15°, and 65°) using motion capture technology. Postural adjustments to the external perturbation were assessed by four parameters related to the temporal aspects of the center of mass (COM): reaction time, peak displacement/time and reversal time, and minimum value of the margin of stability (minimum-MOS). Our results showed that the COM height before the perturbation significantly lowered with increasing knee flexion angle. The COM reaction times for low and mid perturbation velocities were delayed at 65° of knee flexion compared to 0° and 15°, and the COM reversal times were significantly shorter at 65° of knee flexion than at 0° and 15° across all perturbation velocities. The minimum-MOS at the high-velocity of perturbation was significantly smaller at 65° of knee flexion than at 0° and 15°. In conclusion, the adoption of a suspensory strategy with slight knee flexion induced enhanced stability during sudden external and lateral perturbations. However, excessive knee flexion induced instability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167945724000071/pdfft?md5=1f956f02596751b4c04a663c732f2369&pid=1-s2.0-S0167945724000071-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139699979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of self-controlled practice and focus of attention on free throw accuracy: Exploring optimal theory among skilled basketball players","authors":"Maryam Shooli ,&nbsp;Esmaeel Saemi ,&nbsp;Nahid Shetab Boushehri ,&nbsp;Mehdi Seifourian ,&nbsp;Thomas Simpson","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2024.103187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2024.103187","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Based on the OPTIMAL theory of motor learning (Wulf &amp; Lewthwaite, 2016), optimal motor performance and learning will occur through the influence of the two motivational factors of enhanced expectancies and autonomy support (self-controlled practice) as well as the attentional factor of the external focus of attention. Recently, some researchers tested this theory on different motor tasks using novices. However, it seems that this theory has not been tested in skilled athletes. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of self-controlled practice and focus of attention on the accuracy of free throws of skilled basketball players. The participants were 56 skilled adult basketball players (28 men; average age = 27.75 ± 3.31 years; 28 women, average age = 27.18 ± 3.63 years) who were randomly divided into two self-control and yoked groups. Each group performed 80 basketball free throw trials in four different attention conditions (external, internal, holistic, control) as a counterbalance, so that each participant made 20 basketball free throws in each attention condition. The results showed that skilled basketball players in the self-controlled group performed better than the yoked group when they could choose the color of the ball. The results also showed that focusing on external or holistic cues compared to focusing on internal cues improved basketball free throw performance in skilled players. However, the results did not show a difference between external and holistic attention with the control condition. The control condition was also similar to the internal attention condition. In summary, the results of this research could only partially support the OPTIMAL theory and showed that each of the two variables of self-controlled practice and external or holistic focus of attention separately and independently affect the motor performance of skilled basketball players and their additive effect was not observed. It is suggested that coaches try to use autonomy support as well as external or holistic focus of attention in practical situations to improve the motor performance of skilled athletes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139699977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between visuo-spatial working memory and gait motor imagery","authors":"Kohei Kotegawa ,&nbsp;Naoki Kuroda ,&nbsp;Junya Sakata ,&nbsp;Wataru Teramoto","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2024.103185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2024.103185","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although motor imagery and working memory (WM) appear to be closely linked, no previous studies have demonstrated direct evidence for the relationship between motor imagery and WM abilities. This study investigated the association between WM and gait motor imagery and focused on the individual differences in young adults. This study included 33 participants (mean age: 22.2 ± 0.9 years). We used two methods to measure the ability of different WM domains: verbal and visuo-spatial WM. Gait motor imagery accuracy was assessed via the mental chronometry<span> paradigm. We measured the times participants took to complete an actual and imagined walk along a 5 m walkway, with three different path widths. The linear mixed effects model analysis revealed that visuo-spatial WM ability was a significant predictor of the accuracy of gait motor imagery, but not of verbal WM ability. Specifically, individuals with lower visuo-spatial WM ability demonstrated more inaccuracies in the difficult path-width conditions. However, gait motor imagery was not as accurate as actual walking even in the easiest path width or in participants with high visuo-spatial WM ability. Further, visuo-spatial WM ability was significantly correlated with mental walking but not with actual walking. These results suggest that visuo-spatial WM is related to motor imagery rather than actual movement.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139682352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensory conflicts through short, discrete visual input manipulations: Identification of balance responses to varied input characteristics","authors":"Jakob Ketterer ,&nbsp;Dominic Gehring ,&nbsp;Albert Gollhofer ,&nbsp;Steffen Ringhof","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2024.103181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2024.103181","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Human balance control relies on various sensory modalities, and conflict of sensory input may result in postural instability. Virtual reality (VR) technology allows to train balance under conflicting sensory information by decoupling visual from somatosensory and vestibular systems, creating additional demands on sensory reweighting for balance control. However, there is no metric for the design of visual input manipulations that can induce persistent sensory conflicts to perturb balance. This limits the possibilities to generate sustained sensory reweighting processes and design well-defined training approaches. This study aimed to investigate the effects that different onset characteristics, amplitudes and velocities of visual input manipulations may have on balance control and their ability to create persistent balance responses. Twenty-four young adults were recruited for the study. The VR was provided using a state-of-the-art head-mounted display and balance was challenged in two experiments by rotations of the visual scene in the frontal plane with scaled constellations of trajectories, amplitudes and velocities. Mean center of pressure speed was recorded and revealed to be greater when the visual input manipulation had an abrupt onset compared to a smooth onset. Furthermore, the balance response was greatest and most persistent when stimulus velocity was low and stimulus amplitude was large. These findings show clear dissociation in the state of the postural system for abrupt and smooth visual manipulation onsets with no indication of short-term adaption to abrupt manipulations with slow stimulus velocity. This augments our understanding of how conflicting visual information affect balance responses and could help to optimize the conceptualization of training and rehabilitation interventions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167945724000046/pdfft?md5=9a2ed49c8fcaf9e684c66be57da6eab2&pid=1-s2.0-S0167945724000046-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139653786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Audio-visual multisensory integration and haptic perception are altered in adults with developmental coordination disorder","authors":"William P. Mayes,&nbsp;Judith Gentle,&nbsp;Mirela Ivanova,&nbsp;Ines R. Violante","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2024.103180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2024.103180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a movement disorder in which atypical sensory processing may underly movement atypicality. However, whether altered sensory processing is domain-specific or global in nature, are unanswered questions. Here, we measured for the first time, different aspects of sensory processing and spatiotemporal integration in the same cohort of adult participants with DCD (<em>N</em> = 16), possible DCD (pDCD, <em>N</em> = 12) and neurotypical adults (NT, <em>N</em> = 28). Haptic perception was reduced in both DCD and the extended DCD + pDCD groups when compared to NT adults. Audio-visual integration, measured using the sound-induced double flash illusion, was reduced only in DCD participants, and not the DCD + pDCD extended group. While low-level sensory processing was altered in DCD, the more cognitive, higher-level ability to infer temporal dimensions from spatial information, and vice-versa, as assessed with Tau-Kappa effects, was intact in DCD (and extended DCD + pDCD) participants. Both audio-visual integration and haptic perception difficulties correlated with the degree of self-reported DCD symptoms and were most apparent when comparing DCD and NT groups directly, instead of the expanded DCD + pDCD group. The association of sensory difficulties with DCD symptoms suggests that perceptual differences play a role in motor difficulties in DCD via an underlying internal modelling mechanism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167945724000034/pdfft?md5=79abdf85a4ff59774a27654dc454c5a8&pid=1-s2.0-S0167945724000034-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139547343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimation of sagittal-plane whole-body angular momentum during perturbed and unperturbed gait using simplified body models","authors":"J. Zhang ,&nbsp;M. van Mierlo ,&nbsp;P.H. Veltink ,&nbsp;E.H.F. van Asseldonk","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2024.103179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2024.103179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Human whole-body angular momentum (WBAM) during walking typically follows a consistent pattern, making it a valuable indicator of the state of balance. However, calculating WBAM is labor-intensive, where the kinematic data for all body segments is needed, that is, based on a full-body model. In this study, we focused on selecting appropriate segments for estimating sagittal-plane WBAM during both unperturbed and perturbed gaits, which were segments with significant angular momentum contributions. Those major segments were constructed as a simplified model, and the sagittal-plane WBAM based on a simplified model was calculated by combining the angular momenta of the selected segments. We found that the WBAM estimated by seven-segment models, incorporating the head &amp; torso (HT) and all lower limb segments, provided an average correlation coefficient of 0.99 and relative angular momentum percentage of 96.8% and exhibited the most similar sensitivity to external perturbations compared to the full-body model-based WBAM. Additionally, our findings revealed that the rotational angular momenta (RAM) of lower limb segments were much smaller than their translational angular momenta (TAM). The pair-wise comparisons between simplified models with and without RAMs of lower body segments were observed with no significant difference, indicating that RAMs of lower body segments are neglectable. This may further simplify the WBAM estimation based on the seven-segment model, eliminating the need to estimate the angular velocities of lower limb segments. These findings have practical implications for future studies of using inertial measurement units (IMUs) for estimating WBAM, as our results can help reduce the number of required sensors and simplify kinematics measurement.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167945724000022/pdfft?md5=9cce90a88c26aeff76ff8889a7e95119&pid=1-s2.0-S0167945724000022-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139514297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring how metronome pacing at varying movement speeds influences local dynamic stability and coordination variability of lumbar spine motion during repetitive lifting","authors":"Dennis J. Larson ,&nbsp;Elspeth Summers ,&nbsp;Stephen H.M. Brown","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2024.103178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2024.103178","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Auditory metronomes have been used to preserve movement consistency when examining local dynamic stability (LDS) and coordination variability (CV) of lumbar spine motion during repetitive movements. However, the potential influence of the metronome itself on these outcome measures has rarely been considered. Therefore, this study investigated the influence of different metronome paces (i.e., lifting speeds) on measures of lumbar spine LDS and thorax-pelvis CV during a repetitive lifting/lowering task in comparison to self-paced movements. Ten participants completed 5 repetitive lift/lower trials, where participants completed 35 consecutive repetitions (analysis on last 30 repetitions) at a self-selected pace for the first and last trial, and were paced by a 10 lift/min, 15 lift/min, and 20 lift/min metronome, in randomized order, for the remaining three trials. The average self-paced lift/lower speed before and after experiencing the three different metronome paced speeds was 16.2 (±1.02) and 17.2 (±0.73) lifts/min, respectively, and the most-preferred metronome pace trial was 15 lifts/min. Thorax-pelvis CV during the self-paced trials were similar (</span><em>p</em> &gt; 0.05) to the 15 lift/min metronome paced trials, while greater thorax-pelvis CV was observed for the 10 lift/min compared to the 15 lift/min and 20 lift/min and second self-paced trial (all <em>p</em><span> &lt; 0.026). This movement speed effect was not observed for lumbar spine LDS; however, more-dynamically stable movements were observed during all metronome paced trials in comparison to the self-paced trials. This study highlights that careful consideration is required when employing a metronome to control/manipulate movement characteristics while examining neuromuscular control using non-linear dynamical systems measures.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139433663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individual differences in children's movement variability in a virtual reality playground task","authors":"Lise Storli ,&nbsp;Ellen Beate Hansen Sandseter ,&nbsp;Håvard Lorås","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2023.103171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Children's movements are highly complex, and thus require measurements that capture various gross motor strategies. This study examined whether aspects of individual differences in children's gross motor movement patterns could be captured in virtual reality (VR) and how motor movements could be conceptualized through freezing-freeing patterns of degrees of freedom. To this end, a three-minute VR scenario was developed for children to freely explore, play, and move around without further instructions, and their movement strategies were simultaneously captured by a non-invasive inertial motion capture system. Sixty-four children aged 7–10 (boys: <em>n</em> = 37, girls: <em>n</em> = 27) participated. The results of correlational and principal component analysis (PCA) on measures of variability of upper extremities indicated significant relationships between nearly all measures (<em>r</em> = 0.31–0.69, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Similarly, a PCA on variability from joint movements in the lower extremities indicated relatively high intercorrelations (<em>r</em> = 0.31–0.71, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). A pattern of four different variability profiles was indicated in the interrelationship between the upper and lower body. These findings emphasize the value of using innovative measurements and whole-body motion capture to disentangle individual differences in children's movement variability in product- and process-oriented assessments of gross motor competence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167945723001173/pdfft?md5=490501d93e8095b675452d5321786a20&pid=1-s2.0-S0167945723001173-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139406351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age and beta amyloid deposition impact gait speed, stride length, and gait smoothness while transitioning from an even to an uneven walking surface in older adults","authors":"Lisa A. Zukowski ,&nbsp;Peter C. Fino ,&nbsp;Ilana Levin ,&nbsp;Katherine L. Hsieh ,&nbsp;Samuel N. Lockhart ,&nbsp;Michael E. Miller ,&nbsp;Paul J. Laurienti ,&nbsp;Stephen B. Kritchevsky ,&nbsp;Christina E. Hugenschmidt","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2023.103175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Capturing a measure of movement quality during a complex walking task may indicate the earliest signs of detrimental changes to the brain due to beta amyloid<span> (Aβ) deposition and be a potential differentiator of older adults at elevated and low risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. This study aimed to determine: 1) age-related differences in gait speed, stride length, and gait smoothness while transitioning from an even to an uneven walking surface, by comparing young adults (YA) and older adults (OA), and 2) if gait speed, stride length, and gait smoothness in OA while transitioning from an even to an uneven walking surface is influenced by the amount of Aβ deposition present in an OA's brain.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Participants included 56 OA (&gt;70 years of age) and 29 YA (25–35 years of age). In OA, Aβ deposition in the brain was quantified by PET imaging. All participants completed a series of cognitive assessments, a functional mobility assessment, and self-report questionnaires. Then participants performed two sets of walking trials on a custom-built walkway containing a mixture of even and uneven surface sections, including three trials with a grass uneven surface and three trials with a rocks uneven surface. Gait data were recorded using a wireless inertial measurement unit system. Stride length, gait speed, and gait smoothness (i.e., log dimensionless lumbar jerk) in the anteroposterior (AP), mediolateral (ML), and vertical (VT) directions were calculated for each stride. Outcomes were retained for five stride locations immediately surrounding the surface transition.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>OA exhibited slower gait (Grass: <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001; Rocks: <em>p</em> = 0.006), shorter strides (Grass: <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001; Rocks: <em>p</em> = 0.008), and smoother gait (Grass AP: <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001; Rocks AP: <em>p</em> = 0.002; Rocks ML: <em>p</em> = 0.02) than YA, but they also exhibited greater reductions in gait speed and stride length than YA while transitioning to the uneven grass and rocks surfaces. Within the OA group, those with greater Aβ deposition exhibited decreases in smoothness with age (Grass AP: <em>p</em> = 0.02; Rocks AP: <em>p</em> = 0.03; Grass ML: <em>p</em> = 0.04; Rocks ML: <em>p</em> = 0.03), while those with lower Aβ deposition exhibited increasing smoothness with age (Grass AP: <em>p</em> = 0.01; Rocks AP: <em>p</em> = 0.02; Grass ML: <em>p</em> = 0.08; Rocks ML: <em>p</em> = 0.07). Better functional mobility was associated with less smooth gait (Grass ML: <em>p</em> = 0.02; Rocks ML: <em>p</em> = 0.05) and with less variable gait smoothness (Grass and Rocks AP: both <em>p</em> = 0.04) in the OA group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>These results suggest that, relative to YA, OA may be adopting more cautious, compensatory gait strategies to maintain smoothness when approaching surface transitions. However, OA with greater Aβ deposition may have li","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139398902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}