Human Movement Science最新文献

{"title":"Structural learning is enhanced by increasing blocked repetition of visuomotor perturbations","authors":"Alexander T. Brunfeldt ,&nbsp;Florian A. Kagerer","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103472","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103472","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Structural learning refers to the ability to extract and generalize the underlying structure of a set of perturbations—even when the specific perturbations vary from trial to trial. In visuomotor tasks, exposure to such variable but related perturbations has been shown to speed subsequent adaptation to a new, fixed perturbation. However, many center-out reaching studies present several repetitions of each perturbation—often cycling through a set of eight targets—before switching to the next one. This raises the question of whether these repeated exposures reduce the true variability that is thought to drive structural learning. To examine how the number of consecutive repetitions influences learning, we used a center-out reaching task with two targets and trained three groups with either two, four, or eight repetitions of a particular visual feedback rotation between ±90 degrees before presenting a new, pseudorandom rotation; a control group trained in a null field. We show that the different training regimes all facilitated adaptation in the subsequent fixed rotation testing compared to the control group, but a clear dose response was limited to the eight-repetition group who benefitted most, both in feedforward and feedback control of their performance. As shown in previous research, the facilitation was present only during the early testing phase. An exploratory retention test in a subgroup showed no effects after 24 h. We discuss these findings also in the context of earlier massed- vs distributed-practice approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103472"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147373334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unravelling neuromechanical constraints to finger independence","authors":"Daanish M. Mulla ,&nbsp;Paul M. Tilley ,&nbsp;Peter J. Keir","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intentional use of a single finger results in involuntary forces and movements among other fingers. Constraints to finger independence are attributed to both neural and mechanical factors, but the contribution of these factors is debated. We hypothesized that neural factors primarily constrain finger independence during isometric exertions whereas mechanical factors impose larger constraints during movements. We investigated changes in finger independence following a ring finger fatigue protocol. We assumed that with fatigue, the ability to actively transmit forces across fingers through neural pathways will be reduced but force transmission passively through mechanical pathways will remain unaffected. Participants performed isometric finger contractions and flexion-extension movements at baseline and following a ring finger fatigue protocol. At baseline, involuntary ring finger forces ranged from 7.3 to 16.5% MVC. Consistent with our predictions, involuntary ring finger forces decreased by 2.5–8.9% MVC following fatigue. In contrast, involuntary ring finger movement did not change or surprisingly in several cases, increased by greater than 10–20° following fatigue relative to baseline across movement tasks. Our findings demonstrate that the neuromechanical control of finger force versus motion are distinct from each other and can alter the constraints to finger independence in a task-dependent way.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103481"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147388306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of pedestrian body steering movements on collision avoidance and gaze behaviours: Potential influence of athletic training","authors":"Sheryl M. Bourgaize ,&nbsp;Michael E. Cinelli ,&nbsp;Félix Fiset ,&nbsp;Bradford J. McFadyen","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103471","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103471","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Individuals constantly adapt their locomotion to navigate through complex environments and avoid collisions with other pedestrians. Vision is primarily used to inform individuals about possibilities for action within an environment. While several studies have explored gaze behaviour during pedestrian interactions, less is known about how individuals direct their gaze when avoiding an approaching pedestrian and how athletic training may influence visuo-locomotor control strategies. The purpose of the study was to determine how visual cues about an approaching pedestrian's body segment movements affect collision avoidance behaviours in a daily context, and whether high-level sport training influences such avoidance and gaze behaviours. Sixteen female varsity soccer players (Athletes, 22.25 yrs. ± 2.14) and eleven aged-matched control participants from the general university population (Controls, 23.00 yrs. ± 2.93) were immersed in a virtual shopping mall and instructed to avoid a virtual pedestrian who initially approached and then either steered left, right, or continued walking straight. The stereotypic rotation sequences of the pedestrian's eyes, head, and trunk for direction steering were manipulated over six conditions ranging from normal segmental timing and movement to different levels of ambiguous information in relation to some segments not rotating or not following normal sequences. Both Controls and Athletes initiated path deviation at a similar distance from the pedestrian, while Athletes were less variable. All participants directed their gaze mostly at the pedestrian and fixated primarily the head of the pedestrian. All participants' minimal clearance became smaller and more variable with higher ambiguity in steering behaviours of the pedestrian, although Athletes were less variable. Exploratory post-hoc analyses revealed individual differences in initial path deviation and gaze behaviours within the athlete group, suggesting heterogeneity in strategies. Results suggest that the gait profile of an approaching pedestrian affects path planning and that sport-specific training may influence daily navigation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"107 ","pages":"Article 103471"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147373504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of variable speed rotational visual-vestibular interference on human stance stability","authors":"Yong Fan ,&nbsp;Peisong Xia ,&nbsp;Haoyuan Chen ,&nbsp;Zhenhai Hou ,&nbsp;Liang Hu ,&nbsp;Jian Wang ,&nbsp;Jie Xu ,&nbsp;Ying Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103465","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of visual-vestibular interference on static standing balance during variable-speed rotational patterns. We employed a head-mounted display and a rotating platform to manipulate visual and vestibular perceptions respectively. Both devices operated on a sinusoidal variable speed pattern and were controlled to generate both congruent and incongruent sensory experiences. 30 subjects were assigned to either a short (5 min) or a long duration (20 min) group. Subjective dizziness was rated on a 0–10 scale and self-perceived movement was assessed. Center-of-pressure (COP) data were collected using a force platform before and after each intervention. The results indicated that: (1) 8 subjects failed to complete all the experiments. Incongruent interference induced significantly heightened dizziness and caused the majority of subjects (19/22) misjudged their rotational direction; (2) The 5-min interference did not cause significant changes in COP displacement or velocity, but frequency-domain analysis indicated subjects enhanced visual reliance and reduced proprioceptive weighting, reflecting a sensory reweighting strategy; (3) The 20-min incongruent interference significantly disrupted postural stability, manifested as comprehensive increases in total COP displacement, sway velocity and area, with effects markedly stronger than under congruent conditions. This study highlights the importance of visual information in postural control. Additionally, the sensory reweighting strategy appears insufficient compensate for the impacts of prolonged sensory interference.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103465"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The added value of point-light display observation combined to physical practice in learning a functional strength training movement for experienced athletes","authors":"Charly Ferrier ,&nbsp;Arnaud Decatoire ,&nbsp;Yves Almecija ,&nbsp;Christel Bidet-Ildei ,&nbsp;Yannick Blandin","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103452","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103452","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A number of studies have shown the importance of combining observation with practice when learning an action. Although the Point-Light Display (PLD) technique is frequently used in laboratory contexts to assess the mechanisms underlying observational learning, it has only been infrequently used in ecological contexts. The present study explored whether the components of complex weightlifting movements could be learned by means of an observational learning protocol. To that end, we compared three observation conditions: action observation (Video group), Point-Light Display observation (PLD group), and no human action observation (Control group). Twenty-six athletes participated in a weekly one-hour session for 5 weeks to learn a complex weightlifting movement. During this period, the participants alternated between phases of movement observation, which varied depending on the condition to which they were assigned, and phases of movement execution. There were 12 sets consisting of 2 min of observation and 6 physical repetitions per session. Joint angles at key moments, bar trajectories, and intersegmental coordination were assessed both before (Pre-test) and after (Retention tests) the learning period. The results indicate that both observation conditions had a larger effect on learning than the control condition. Furthermore, the PLD condition was more effective than the video condition for complex intersegmental coordination. This experiment therefore suggests that PLD observation combined with physical practice can be beneficial for the acquisition of complex movements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103452"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146013404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degeneracy of the perceptual-motor system for aperture crossing in cycling","authors":"Pierre Vauclin ,&nbsp;Duarte Araújo ,&nbsp;Jon Wheat ,&nbsp;Ludovic Seifert","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103453","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103453","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cycling requires individuals to perceive which behaviour are possible and which are not, and select the most appropriate behaviour among available possibilities to perform successfully. This study investigated whether and how cyclists with different crossing abilities exploit perceptual-motor system degeneracy to cross narrower aperture widths, in particular whether cyclists with higher crossing ability exploit degeneracy by using more complex action modes to cross narrower aperture widths. Fifteen participants whose crossing ability ranged from −16 cm to +2 cm in relation to the bike handlebar width were observed as they crossed different aperture widths. Handlebars' turning and bike’ lean’ angles were recorded using a Qualisys system and were extracted at the moment of crossing to determine different action modes: <em>facing, leaning, turning,</em> and a combination of <em>turning and leaning.</em> Data revealed that cyclists exploit different actions modes between and within aperture width conditions, confirming the exploitation of degeneracy property. However, skills of the cyclists with lowest maximal action capability were confined to the relatively simple modes of action, restricting their ability to cross narrower apertures and to be less successful when acting close to their action boundaries. On the other side, cyclists with highest maximal action capability adapted to task constraint by using more complex action modes, which allowed them to be successful when acting close to their action boundaries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103453"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145981926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Providing choice boosts immediate force production in adolescents with ADHD","authors":"Miguel Villa-de Gregorio ,&nbsp;Reza Abdollahipour ,&nbsp;Ludvík Valtr ,&nbsp;Dagmar Kristín Hannesdóttir ,&nbsp;Miriam Palomo-Nieto ,&nbsp;Irene Ramón-Otero","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103463","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103463","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often struggle with motor skill performance, which can reduce their participation in sports and physical activities. This may be due to a lack of personal relevance and a sensitivity to controlling environments that reduce motivation. Since autonomy support has been shown to enhance motor performance across different motor tasks and populations, this study aimed to investigate its effects on the immediate motor performance of adolescents with ADHD during a maximum force production task. Twenty-six adolescents aged 13 to 15 (mean age = 14.1 years, 20 boys and 6 girls) participated in a within-subjects experimental design, where each performed six maximum force attempts (three attempts each hand) using a dynamometer under two conditions: choice and no-choice. In the choice condition, participants selected the order in which they used their preferred and non-preferred hands, while in the no-choice condition, they completed six attempts in an order that matched the sequence chosen by the previous participant. A 20-s rest was given between each attempt. Once participants had finished six attempts in each condition, they were asked to fill out the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory. The results showed that maximum force production, as well as self-reported interest/enjoyment, and perceived competence, were all higher in the choice condition compared to the no-choice condition. No significant differences were found in the perception of choice or pressure/tension. These findings suggest that even small opportunities for autonomy-support can improve motor performance and positively influence factors that predict intrinsic motivation specifically, interest/enjoyment and perceived competence<strong>,</strong> in adolescents with ADHD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103463"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146080030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of task constraints on postural control regularity in autistic children","authors":"Letícia Paes Silva ,&nbsp;Clarissa Cardoso dos Santos Couto Paz ,&nbsp;Mariana Rodrigues Carvalho de Aquino ,&nbsp;Priscila Albuquerque de Araújo ,&nbsp;Ana Carla Moreira Lara ,&nbsp;Maria Rita Gonçalves Tavares ,&nbsp;Líria Akie Okai de Albuquerque Nóbrega ,&nbsp;Juliana Melo Ocarino ,&nbsp;Thales Rezende de Souza ,&nbsp;Sérgio Teixeira da Fonseca","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103451","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103451","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>AIM: Postural Control (PC) impairments in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are well-documented, influencing other developmental areas. Superimposing motor tasks on the PC can exacerbate these impairments and highlights the need to investigate PC in various contexts. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the regularity of PC in autistic children under different task conditions. METHOD: 24 autistic children, matched with typically developing (TD) children, were assessed for PC under three conditions: standing, sitting, and sitting while performing a fine motor task. The regularity of PC was evaluated using Multiscale Entropy. RESULTS: Autistic children showed more regular PC than TD children across all tasks (<em>p</em> = 0.032). A significant task effect (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) indicated that PC regularity differed across the three task conditions. However, no group-by-task interaction was revealed (<em>p</em> = 0.697), indicating consistent group differences across tasks. Planned contrasts confirmed these differences between ASD and TD groups for each task. Autistic children had lower entropy (more regular postural patterns), indicating more predictive PC and lower adaptability. It was also observed that all task demands affected the PC. The result suggests that PC in autistic children is influenced by the interaction among the organism's properties, the characteristics of the base of support, and the task goal, highlighting the need to consider these constraints when assessing or designing interventions for this population. These findings may help explain challenges autistic children experience in everyday motor activities that require flexible postural adjustments, reinforcing the importance of considering task constraints in functional contexts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103451"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146079522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of gait speed on the responses to immediate and prolonged exposure to mediolateral optic flow perturbation in healthy young adults","authors":"Chunchun Wu ,&nbsp;Tom J.W. Buurke ,&nbsp;Rob den Otter ,&nbsp;Claudine J.C. Lamoth ,&nbsp;Menno P. Veldman","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103467","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103467","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Optic flow is vital for locomotor control and is often perturbed to study the impact of optic flow on balance control. However, it remains unclear whether gait speed influences responses to such perturbations. This study aims to examine the effects of gait speed on gait parameters following immediate and prolonged exposure to mediolateral optic flow perturbations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-one young adults (23.43 ± 4.19 years) walked on an instrumented treadmill, including 3 phases: baseline (3 min), perturbation with mediolateral optic flow (8 min), and post-perturbation (3 min). Trials were conducted at 0.6, 1.2, and 1.8 m/s. Ground reaction forces and 3D motion data were collected to calculate mediolateral margin of stability (MoS), mean step length (SL), step width (SW) and their variabilities. Three repeated-measures ANOVAs (Speed by Phase) were used to compare: baseline vs. early perturbation, early vs. late perturbation, and baseline vs. post-perturbation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The responses to immediate and prolonged exposure to optic flow perturbation were speed dependent. Walking at slow speeds induced greater immediate responses in mediolateral gait parameters (SW and mediolateral MoS, both <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) compared to walking at faster speeds. During the perturbation phase, the adaptations were larger at faster vs. slower speeds for gait parameters in the direction of movement (SL, <em>p</em> = 0.007).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Immediate responses and adaptations to mediolateral optic flow perturbations are speed-dependent and larger at slower gait speeds. The responses to prolonged perturbation are interpreted as step-to-step adaptations that may inform future interventions and studies on gait speed selection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103467"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146190086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motor dance creativity shows limited associations with other creative behaviours. Exploring domain-specificity in middle-aged adults","authors":"Carlota Torrents,&nbsp;Cristina Calvo-Estelrich","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103450","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2026.103450","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The extent to which motor creativity relates to overall creativity still remains unclear, especially in adults without prior experience in dance. This study explored the associations between motor dance creativity, figural creativity, and self-reported measures of creative dispositions in 71 middle-aged adults (age_mean = 52.8 ± 5.4; 65 females and 16 males). Participants completed validated questionnaires on creative self-efficacy, emotional creativity, ideational behaviour, and lifetime creative actions, alongside two performance-based tests: a motor improvisation dance task and the Test of Creative Thinking – Drawing Production. Correlation and regression analyses were used to identify potential relationships among these measures, complemented by an exploratory factor analysis to examine their latent structure. Results revealed that motor dance creativity was significantly associated with figural creativity and creative self-efficacy, but not with other self-reports. Regression models showed that creative self-efficacy was the only significant predictor of motor dance creativity, while lifetime creative actions best predicted figural creativity. The factor analysis supported a two-factor structure, differentiating performance-based measures from self-report measures, with limited overlap. These findings offer exploratory evidence that motor dance creativity is only modestly connected to other creative behaviours, supporting its domain-specific and embodied nature. The study adds to the debate on the generality versus specificity of creativity and underscores the importance of embodied, context-dependent approaches for understanding creative behaviour.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"106 ","pages":"Article 103450"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146031681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}