Human Movement Science最新文献

{"title":"Individual differences in children's movement variability in a virtual reality playground task","authors":"Lise Storli ,&nbsp;Ellen Beate Hansen Sandseter ,&nbsp;Håvard Lorås","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2023.103171","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Children's movements are highly complex, and thus require measurements that capture various gross motor strategies. This study examined whether aspects of individual differences in children's gross motor movement patterns could be captured in virtual reality (VR) and how motor movements could be conceptualized through freezing-freeing patterns of degrees of freedom. To this end, a three-minute VR scenario was developed for children to freely explore, play, and move around without further instructions, and their movement strategies were simultaneously captured by a non-invasive inertial motion capture system. Sixty-four children aged 7–10 (boys: <em>n</em> = 37, girls: <em>n</em> = 27) participated. The results of correlational and principal component analysis (PCA) on measures of variability of upper extremities indicated significant relationships between nearly all measures (<em>r</em> = 0.31–0.69, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05). Similarly, a PCA on variability from joint movements in the lower extremities indicated relatively high intercorrelations (<em>r</em> = 0.31–0.71, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). A pattern of four different variability profiles was indicated in the interrelationship between the upper and lower body. These findings emphasize the value of using innovative measurements and whole-body motion capture to disentangle individual differences in children's movement variability in product- and process-oriented assessments of gross motor competence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103171"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0167945723001173/pdfft?md5=490501d93e8095b675452d5321786a20&pid=1-s2.0-S0167945723001173-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139406351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age and beta amyloid deposition impact gait speed, stride length, and gait smoothness while transitioning from an even to an uneven walking surface in older adults","authors":"Lisa A. Zukowski ,&nbsp;Peter C. Fino ,&nbsp;Ilana Levin ,&nbsp;Katherine L. Hsieh ,&nbsp;Samuel N. Lockhart ,&nbsp;Michael E. Miller ,&nbsp;Paul J. Laurienti ,&nbsp;Stephen B. Kritchevsky ,&nbsp;Christina E. Hugenschmidt","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2023.103175","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Capturing a measure of movement quality during a complex walking task may indicate the earliest signs of detrimental changes to the brain due to beta amyloid&lt;span&gt; (Aβ) deposition and be a potential differentiator of older adults at elevated and low risk of developing Alzheimer's disease. This study aimed to determine: 1) age-related differences in gait speed, stride length, and gait smoothness while transitioning from an even to an uneven walking surface, by comparing young adults (YA) and older adults (OA), and 2) if gait speed, stride length, and gait smoothness in OA while transitioning from an even to an uneven walking surface is influenced by the amount of Aβ deposition present in an OA's brain.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Participants included 56 OA (&gt;70 years of age) and 29 YA (25–35 years of age). In OA, Aβ deposition in the brain was quantified by PET imaging. All participants completed a series of cognitive assessments, a functional mobility assessment, and self-report questionnaires. Then participants performed two sets of walking trials on a custom-built walkway containing a mixture of even and uneven surface sections, including three trials with a grass uneven surface and three trials with a rocks uneven surface. Gait data were recorded using a wireless inertial measurement unit system. Stride length, gait speed, and gait smoothness (i.e., log dimensionless lumbar jerk) in the anteroposterior (AP), mediolateral (ML), and vertical (VT) directions were calculated for each stride. Outcomes were retained for five stride locations immediately surrounding the surface transition.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;OA exhibited slower gait (Grass: &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001; Rocks: &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.006), shorter strides (Grass: &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001; Rocks: &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.008), and smoother gait (Grass AP: &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &lt; 0.001; Rocks AP: &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.002; Rocks ML: &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.02) than YA, but they also exhibited greater reductions in gait speed and stride length than YA while transitioning to the uneven grass and rocks surfaces. Within the OA group, those with greater Aβ deposition exhibited decreases in smoothness with age (Grass AP: &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.02; Rocks AP: &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.03; Grass ML: &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.04; Rocks ML: &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.03), while those with lower Aβ deposition exhibited increasing smoothness with age (Grass AP: &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.01; Rocks AP: &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.02; Grass ML: &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.08; Rocks ML: &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.07). Better functional mobility was associated with less smooth gait (Grass ML: &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.02; Rocks ML: &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.05) and with less variable gait smoothness (Grass and Rocks AP: both &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; = 0.04) in the OA group.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;These results suggest that, relative to YA, OA may be adopting more cautious, compensatory gait strategies to maintain smoothness when approaching surface transitions. However, OA with greater Aβ deposition may have li","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103175"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139398902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dyad motor learning in a wrist-robotic environment: Learning together is better than learning alone","authors":"Leoni V. Winter ,&nbsp;Stefan Panzer ,&nbsp;Jürgen Konczak","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103172","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103172","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>Dyad motor practice is characterized by two learners alternating between physical and observational practice, which can lead to better motor outcomes and reduce practice time compared to physical practice alone. Robot-assisted therapy has become an established neurorehabilitation<span> tool but is limited by high therapy cost and access. Implementing dyad practice in robot-assisted rehabilitation has the potential to improve therapeutic outcomes<span> and/or to achieve them faster. This study aims to determine the effects of dyad practice on motor performance in a wrist-robotic environment to evaluate its potential use in robotic rehabilitation settings.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Forty-two healthy participants (18–35 years) were randomized into three groups (<em>n</em> = 14): Dyad practice, physical practice with rest and physical practice without rest. Participants practiced a 2 degree-of-freedom gamified wrist movement task for 20 trials using a custom-made wrist robotic device. A motor performance score (MPS) that captured temporal and spatial time-series kinematics was computed at baseline, the end of training and 24 h later to assess retention.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>MPS did not differ between groups at baseline. All groups revealed significant performance gains by the end of training. However, dyads outperformed the other groups at the end of training (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and showed higher retention after 24-h (<em>p</em> = 0.02). Median MPS improved by 46.5% in dyads, 25.3% in physical practice-rest, and 33.6% in physical practice-no rest at the end of training compared to baseline.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Compared to physical practice alone, dyad practice leads to superior motor outcomes in a robot-assisted motor learning task. Dyads still outperformed their counterparts 24-h after practice.</p></div><div><h3>Impact statement</h3><p>Improving motor function in complex motor tasks without increasing required practice time, dyad practice can optimize therapeutic resources. This is particularly impactful in robot-assisted rehabilitation regimens as it would help to improve patients' outcomes and increase care efficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139064996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Defining characteristics of independent walking persons after stroke presenting with different arm swing coordination patterns","authors":"Anke Van Bladel ,&nbsp;Roel De Ridder ,&nbsp;Tanneke Palmans ,&nbsp;Ruth Van der Looven ,&nbsp;Geert Verheyden ,&nbsp;Pieter Meyns ,&nbsp;Dirk Cambier","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103174","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Persons after stroke present with an altered arm swing during walking. Given the known influence of the arm swing on gait, it is important to identify the characteristics of persons with stroke with different arm-to-leg coordination patterns during walking.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>Twenty-five persons after stroke walked on a self-paced treadmill at comfortable walking speed. The frequency of shoulder movements per stride was detected by Fast Fourier transform<span> analysis on the kinematic data for hemiplegic shoulder movements in the sagittal plane. An independent-sample </span></span><em>t</em>-test or Mann-Whitney <em>U</em> test was used to compare clinical and biomechanical parameters between identified subgroups.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Two earlier described subgroups based on the number of shoulder flexion-extension movements during one stride could be confirmed. Participants in the 1:1 ratio subgroup (one arm swing during one stride, <em>N</em><span> = 15) presented with a less upper limb impairment and less spasticity of the elbow extensors (</span><em>p</em> = 0.012) than the participants in the 2:1 ratio subgroup (two arm swings during one stride, <em>N</em> = 9). Although not significant, the participants in the 1:1 subgroup also seemed to have less spasticity of the shoulder internal rotators (<em>p</em> = 0.06) and a less walking variability based on the standard deviation of the step width. Further research on a greater sample should confirm these findings.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Fast Fourier transform analysis was used to identify subgroups based on sagittal shoulder kinematics during walking. The clinical and gait related differences between the identified subgroups can be taken into account in future research investigating post-stroke gait interventions aiming to improve the arm swing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103174"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139064833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal changes in trunk acceleration and their relationship with gait parameters in post-stroke hemiplegic patients","authors":"Ryosuke Todaka ,&nbsp;Tetsu Kajiyama ,&nbsp;Naoya Kariu ,&nbsp;Masaya Anan","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103176","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103176","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The purpose of this study was to examine the longitudinal changes in trunk acceleration, gait speed, and paretic leg motion in patients<span> with post-stroke hemiparesis, the relationships between variables at each time point, and whether initial trunk acceleration and gait parameters were related to gait speed 2 months later.</span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Gait was assessed monthly in patients who could walk under supervision after stroke onset. Gait parameters, including gait speed and trailing limb angle (TLA), were measured. Trunk acceleration was quantified using acceleration root mean square (RMS) and stride regularity (SR) indices.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This study found statistically significant longitudinal changes in gait speed (<em>p</em> &lt; .001), acceleration RMS of the total axes (<em>p</em> &lt; .001), and SR of the vertical axes (<em>p</em> &lt; .001). Gait speed correlated significantly with the acceleration RMS of the mediolateral (<em>r</em> = −0.815 to −0.901), vertical (<em>r</em> = −0.541 to −0.747), and anteroposterior (<em>r</em> = −0.718 to −0.829) axes, as well as the SR of the vertical axes (<em>r</em> = 0.558 to 0.724) at all time points from T0 to T2. For the TLA, only the acceleration RMS of the mediolateral axis correlated significantly over the entire study period (<em>r</em> = −0.530 to −0.724). In addition, initial TLA correlated significantly with gait speed after 2 months (<em>r</em> = −0.572).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This study showed that assessing trunk acceleration helps estimate the improvement in gait status in patients with post-stroke hemiparesis. The magnitude and regularity of trunk acceleration varied longitudinally and were related to gait speed and paretic leg motion at each time point; however, they could not predict future changes in gait speed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139065229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postural control of prolonged standing in people with Parkinson's disease","authors":"Daniel Boari Coelho ,&nbsp;Luis Mochizuki ,&nbsp;Vinicius Christianini Moreno ,&nbsp;Felipe Balistieri Santinelli ,&nbsp;Victor Spiandor Beretta ,&nbsp;Fabio Augusto Barbieri","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span>People with Parkinson's disease (pwPD) have reduced adaptability to </span>postural control<span> during prolonged standing compared to neurologically healthy individuals (control). Objective. The study aimed to characterize postural changes during prolonged standing and their effect on postural control in pwPD compared to control. We recorded the body sway of the second lumbar vertebra of 23 pwPD and 23 control while they performed prolonged standing (15 min). The number and amplitude of the body sway patterns (shifts, fidgets, and drifts), the root mean square, velocity, and frequency of the body sway were analyzed. The number of shifts in the anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) directions was greater for the pwPD than the control. In addition, the amplitudes of shifts in the AP direction and fidgets in the AP and ML directions were greater for the pwPD than the control. Our results show that: (1) A larger number of shifts of body sway suggest references positions are frequently changing; (2) Fidgets is a pumping mechanism and can be sensory-demand action to restore </span></span>mechanoreceptors<span> activity on the foot sole; and (3) No drift changes may suggest there is no slow migration of reference position. We conclude that pwPD exhibits different behavior than healthy ones during prolonged standing, suggesting that prolonged standing could distinguish individuals with Parkinson's disease.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103177"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139064880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Qualitative age-related changes in fine motor skill performance among 3- to 6-year-old typically developing children","authors":"Leila Faber ,&nbsp;Marina M. Schoemaker ,&nbsp;Dagmar F.A.A. Derikx ,&nbsp;Heleen Seetsen- van Schelven ,&nbsp;Esther Hartman ,&nbsp;Suzanne Houwen","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2023.103169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study described intra-task fine motor skill components of the Manual Dexterity tasks (Posting Coins; PC, Threading Beads; TB, Drawing Trail; DT) of the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 Test for typically developing children and investigated age- and sex-related differences. Three- to six-year-old Dutch children (<em>n</em> = 182, M_age 4.5 ± 1.1 years, 51.1% boys) were observed with regard to intra-task fine motor skill components, and changes in intra-task components of the Manual Dexterity tasks were analyzed across age using of the Kruskal–Wallis test with post-hoc Mann–Whitney <em>U</em> tests, and differences between sexes using the Mann–Whitney U test. The following intra-task components were observed: grip type, manipulation, non-dominant or non-writing hand, grip position, posture, head, coin placement, placement of the bead on the lace tip and joint movement. Results showed that the younger children (3-year-olds) more frequently used a grasp with the full hand (PC, TB), more often put the coin on the container and sliding it in (PC), more often supported the side or top of the container (PC), used more bi-manual manipulation (transferring from hand-to-hand or hand, body or surface assist) (TB, DT), more frequently used primitive, too high grips, predominantly used their proximal joints, and did not support the paper (DT). This in comparison with more frequent use of three-point pinch, direct coin placement, grabbing the front or back of the container, in-hand-manipulation, mature grips and correct height, distal joint use and supporting the paper from the side or below by most 5- and 6-year-olds. Furthermore, most sex-related differences were found in the younger age-groups (3- and 4-year-olds) in the DT tasks with girls outperforming boys. Results from this study add to the knowledge on qualitative fine motor skill performance in a convenience sample of 3- to 6-year-old typically developing children. A limitation of the current study was the relatively small sample size of 6-year-old children. The strength of the current study is its novelty in providing qualitative descriptions of intra-task fine motor skill components in typically developing 3- to 6-year-old children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103169"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016794572300115X/pdfft?md5=cf95055d0eac16d0c3df5141477a9e7d&pid=1-s2.0-S016794572300115X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138490086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of sound waves and musical experiences on movement coordination with beats","authors":"Ravisara Vathagavorakul ,&nbsp;Tomohiro Gonjo ,&nbsp;Miwako Homma","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2023.103170","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Synchronizing movement with external stimuli is important in musicians and athletes. This study investigated the effects of sound characteristics, including sound with harmonics (square wave) and without harmonics (sine wave) and levels of expertise in sports and music on rhythmic ability. Thirty-two university students participated in the study. The participants were divided into sixteen music education (ME) and sixteen physical education (PE) majors. They were asked to perform finger tapping tasks with 1,2 and 3 Hz beat rates, tapping in time with the sine and square wave beat produced by a metronome. The relative phase angle of finger tapping and the onset time of metronome sound were calculated using circular statistics. The results showed that type of wave and music experience affected the rhythmic ability of participants. Our study highlights the importance of types of waves on rhythmic ability, especially for participants with no background in music. The square wave is recommended for athletes to learn to synchronize their movement with beats.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103170"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138474612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does the effect of walking balance perturbations generalize across contexts?","authors":"Andrew D. Shelton ,&nbsp;Ellora M. McTaggart ,&nbsp;Jessica L. Allen ,&nbsp;Vicki S. Mercer ,&nbsp;Jeremy R. Crenshaw ,&nbsp;Jason R. Franz","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103158","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103158","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span>Balance perturbations are used to study locomotor instability. However, these perturbations are designed to provoke a specific context of instability that may or may not generalize to a broader understanding of falls risk. The purpose of this study was to determine if the effect of balance perturbations on instability generalizes across contexts. 29 younger adults and 28 older adults completed four experimental trials, including unperturbed walking and walking while responding to three perturbation contexts: mediolateral optical flow, treadmill-induced slips, and lateral waist-pulls. We quantified the effect of perturbations as an absolute change in margin of stability from unperturbed walking. We found significant changes in mediolateral and anteroposterior margin of stability for all perturbations compared to unperturbed walking in both cohorts (</span><em>p</em>-values ≤ 0.042). In older adults, the mediolateral effects of lateral waist-pulls significantly correlated with those of optical flow perturbations and treadmill-induced slips (<em>r</em> ≥ 0.398, <em>p</em>-values ≤ 0.036). In younger adults but not in older adults, we found positive and significant correlations between the anteroposterior effect of waist-pull perturbations and optical flow perturbations, and the anteroposterior and mediolateral effect of treadmill-induced slips (<em>r</em> ≥ 0.428, <em>p</em>-values ≤ 0.021). We found no “goldilocks” perturbation paradigm to endorse that would support universal interpretations about locomotor instability. Building the most accurate patient profiles of instability likely requires a series of perturbation paradigms designed to emulate the variety of environmental contexts in which falls may occur.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103158"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138464536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneity competes with intention to influence the coordination dynamics of interpersonal performance tendencies","authors":"John J. Buchanan ,&nbsp;Alberto Cordova","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2023.103160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research has shown that spontaneous visual coupling supports frequency entrainment, phase attraction, and intermittent interpersonal coordination when co-actors are switched from a no-vision (NV) to vision (V) context. In two experiments, co-actors started in a NV context while producing the same or different amplitude movements. The same amplitude resulted in similar self-paced frequencies, while different amplitudes resulted in disparate frequencies. In experiment 1, co-actors were instructed to maintain amplitude while receiving no instructions to coordinate their actions. Frequency and phase entrainment was limited in the V context even when co-actors started the NV context with the same amplitude. In experiment 2, co-actors were instructed to maintain amplitude and intentionally coordinate together, but not at a specific pattern. Significant frequency modulations occurred to maintain amplitude as the co-actors sought to coordinate their actions. With the open-ended instructions, co-actors produced in-phase and anti-phase coordination along with intermittent performance exhibited by shifts between a variety of stable relative phase patterns. The proposed hypotheses and findings are discussed within the context of a shared manifold representation for joint action contexts, with the coordination dynamics expressed by the HKB model of relative phase serving to conceptualization the representations in the shared manifold.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103160"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138435434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}