Human Movement Science最新文献

{"title":"Countermovement jump analysis: Effects of acoustic and visual stimuli on jump performance in volleyball players evaluated by inertial measurement unit","authors":"Paolo De Blasiis ,&nbsp;Ciro Ivan De Girolamo ,&nbsp;Marta Trucillo ,&nbsp;Allegra Fullin ,&nbsp;Nicola Moccaldi ,&nbsp;Pasquale Arpaia ,&nbsp;Angelica Perna ,&nbsp;Germano Guerra ,&nbsp;Domenico Tafuri ,&nbsp;Angela Lucariello","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103363","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103363","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The ability to perform maximal vertical jumps (VJs) significantly affects athletic performance in several sports, such as volleyball, with a paucity of studies investigating the effects of different sensory stimuli on VJ performance. To the best of our knowledge, no study quantitatively assessed the variations of spatial-temporal and kinetic parameters during Countermovement Jump-Free Arms (CMJ-FA) execution in different acoustic and visual conditions.</div><div>The aim of the present study is to explore the effects of visual and acoustic stimuli, in conditions considered incentive and disincentive, on CMJ-FA performance via an Inertial Measurements Unit (IMU). Twenty male volleyball athletes were assessed across five sessions, each with 3 CMJ-FA repetitions, performed either without sensory stimulus (NS), with incentive (IAS) and disincentive (DAS) acoustic stimulus, and with incentive (IVS) and disincentive (DVS) visual stimulus. Spatial-temporal and four kinetic parameters were evaluated. Significant differences in disincentive conditions with respect to NS in time of flight phase and jump height were observed. Moreover, in DVS a trend of increase for Impact Index compared to NS was found. Instead, no significant variations were found in incentive conditions compared to NS. These findings highlighted the interference of disincentive conditions on jump performance; moreover, an increase of ground impact force during landing phase in DVS may predispose to muscle-skeletal lower limb injuries. These knowledges could be useful to the sports trainers for improving athletes' control, in order to desensitize them from disincentive conditions, keeping a good performance and decreasing the risk of injuries during the competition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 103363"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144154853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential impact of sensory uncertainty in blocked versus trial-interleaved contexts when feedforward and feedback processes co-occur","authors":"Matthew J. Crossley ,&nbsp;Christopher L. Hewitson ,&nbsp;David M. Kaplan","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103358","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Theories of human motor learning commonly assume that the degree to which movement plans are adjusted in response to movement errors scales with the precision of sensory feedback received regarding their success. However, support for such models has mainly come from experiments that limit the amount of correction that can occur within an ongoing movement. In contrast, we have recently shown that when this restriction is relaxed, and both within-movement and between-movement corrections co-occur, movement plans undergo large and abrupt changes that are strongly correlated with the degree of sensory uncertainty present on the previous trial and are insensitive to the magnitude and direction of the experienced movement error. Here, we show that the presence of these abrupt and error-insensitive changes are only observed when different levels of sensory uncertainty are interleaved pseudo-randomly on a trial-by-trial basis, and are absent when sensory uncertainty levels vary across blocks of trials. These results suggest that the co-occurrence of within-movement and between-movement corrections is not the only important aspect of our earlier study that challenged traditional models of motor learning under uncertainty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 103358"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144124260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The use of motor imagery in 6–7-year-old children is not robust: Evidence from two motor imagery tasks","authors":"Satoshi Nobusako ,&nbsp;Taeko Tsujimoto ,&nbsp;Ayami Sakai ,&nbsp;Teruyuki Yokomoto ,&nbsp;Yusuke Nagakura ,&nbsp;Nami Sakagami ,&nbsp;Tomochika Fukunishi ,&nbsp;Emiko Takata ,&nbsp;Harumi Mouri ,&nbsp;Michihiro Osumi ,&nbsp;Akio Nakai ,&nbsp;Shu Morioka","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Motor imagery (MI) is a dynamic cognitive process in which an individual mentally simulates a movement without an external demonstration of the actual movement. The ability of adults to use MI has been well documented, but the ability of children to use MI is less clear. The current study examined age-related differences in MI using two MI tasks, the hand laterality recognition (HLR) and bimanual motor (BM) tasks, in 6–13-year-old typically developing children. Biomechanical constraint effects in the HLR task and the ovalization index (OI) of the imagery condition and the imagery coupling effect in the BM task, among others, were quantitative indicators of the ability to use MI. Significant biomechanical constraint effects in the HLR task and significant imagery coupling effects in the BM task were not observed in 6–7-year-old children, but were evident in 8–13-year-old children, indicating that the use of MI in 6–7-year-old children is not robust in either MI task. There was significant shortening of correct reaction time and improvement of accuracy in the HLR task with increasing age, but there was no significant age difference or correlation with age in the imagery coupling effect in the BM task. Therefore, the results suggest that MI ability as measured by the HLR task shows age-related improvements between 6 and 13 years of age, whereas MI ability, as measured by the BM task, does not show significant age-related differences over the same period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 103362"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reliance on vision for walking balance is related to somatosensory function in individuals with and without cerebral palsy","authors":"Ashwini Sansare ,&nbsp;Hendrik Reimann ,&nbsp;Barry Bodt ,&nbsp;Maelyn Arcodia ,&nbsp;Khushboo Verma ,&nbsp;John Jeka ,&nbsp;Samuel C.K. Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103361","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103361","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To investigate the relationship between somatosensory deficits, specifically ankle and hip joint position sense, two-point discrimination, and vibration on the (1) responses to visual perturbations during walking and (2) response improvements to visual perturbations while receiving a sensory-centric treatment, i.e., stochastic resonance (SR) stimulation, in individuals with and without cerebral palsy (CP).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-eight individuals (14 CP, 14 age-and sex-matched controls) walked in a virtual reality cave while receiving visual perturbations. We applied SR to the ankle and hip joints. Data analysis consisted of regression analyses for each sensory test as well as multiple regression analysis (MRA) using all four sensory tests as predictors with the responses to visual perturbation and the improvements in the responses when SR is applied as outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found significant and strong correlations between performance on sensory tests and the responses to visual perturbations, and improvements in the responses with SR. Only one predictor could be entered into the MRA, indicating that performance on any of the sensory tests could predict the responses to visual perturbation and the improvements with SR.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Individuals with sensory deficits are more responsive to sensory-centric interventions. This study is an initial step in identifying potential “responders” to sensory therapies in individuals with CP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 103361"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy and stability in non-immersive VR: How display type and body position influence motor performance","authors":"Madison Weinrich ,&nbsp;Osmar P. Neto ,&nbsp;Yiyu Wang ,&nbsp;Renee Abbott ,&nbsp;Michael Walsh ,&nbsp;Ana Diaz-Artiles ,&nbsp;Deanna M. Kennedy","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103360","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103360","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The application of virtual and augmented reality spans various domains, including education, entertainment, healthcare, the military, sports, telecommunications, and space exploration. These technological advancements have profoundly transformed how millions of people interact with and navigate their environments. However, the impact of display type and body position on motor performance remains underexplored. This study aims to elucidate how these environmental constraints affect bimanual coordination by comparing performance under two display conditions: virtual reality (VR) goggles and projected screen. Participants (<em>N</em> = 12), all right-limb dominant, performed a continuous 1:1 bimanual force coordination task with a 90° relative phase offset using Lissajous plots as visual feedback. Performance was assessed in two body positions (upright and recumbent) manipulated by a tilt table. The results revealed that using VR goggles minimized performance differences between the upright and recumbent positions, suggesting that using VR goggles stabilizes motor coordination by reducing perceptual distractions and mitigating environmental constraints. In contrast, the projection screen condition demonstrated higher force coherence in the 8–12 Hz band during the recumbent condition compared to the upright position, indicative of force synchronization differences related to body position. However, the projected screen group displayed lower absolute error during the recumbent positions. This suggests that while VR goggles support consistent motor output across varied postures by simplifying perceptual input, projection screens may enhance motor synchronization and attention under controlled conditions due to more straightforward visual processing. These findings highlight a trade-off between display types: VR offers stability and adaptability, making it advantageous for tasks that require consistent performance across changing postures, whereas projection screens may be better suited for tasks requiring precise motor control and heightened attentional focus. The study underscores the need for task-specific considerations in the design and use of display environments for training, rehabilitation, and motor coordination tasks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 103360"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of immersive virtual reality on overground gait stability in children with cerebral palsy: A prospective case-control study","authors":"Regine Lohss ,&nbsp;Morgan Sangeux ,&nbsp;Rosa M.S. Visscher ,&nbsp;Rebecca Winter ,&nbsp;Michelle Gwerder ,&nbsp;Norbert Zentai ,&nbsp;Philippe Cattin ,&nbsp;Elke Viehweger","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103359","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103359","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To evaluate the effect of walking in a virtual world, particularly on a virtual plank at varying heights, on gait stability in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and typical development (TD).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Twenty-two participants with CP (13 males; 11 years 2 months) and twenty-four with TD (10 males; 11 years 11 months) were included. After undergoing clinical gait analysis, participants were immersed in VR via a head-mounted display and walked on a virtual plank at varying heights. Linear mixed-effect models were fitted for: margin of stability (MoS), whole-body angular momentum (WBAM), single limb support % (SLS), variability of step length (SLV), stride width (SWV), and kinematics (GaitSD). Fixed effects were group (CP vs. TD), condition (walking in the real world vs. virtual world) and virtual height.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>GaitSD and SWV were positively correlated with VR, and lateral MoS was negatively correlated. Lateral MoS and coronal WBAM were positively correlated with CP and VR, while anterior MoS and sagittal WBAM were negatively correlated. Lateral MoS was positively correlated with height in CP, while anterior MoS, sagittal WBAM, SLS, SLV and SWV were negatively correlated.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Virtual heights induced gait instability, which was more pronounced in CP than TD. WBAM, SLV, and SLS were the most appropriate biomarkers for defining gait instability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 103359"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143916832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optic flow and cycling effort: Where to look to go faster","authors":"Sem Otten ,&nbsp;Ruud J.R. Den Hartigh ,&nbsp;Frank T.J.M. Zaal ,&nbsp;Benoît G. Bardy ,&nbsp;Christophe Gernigon","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Optic flow can significantly influence the perception and exertion of effort. In this study, we investigated the effects of exposure to proximal and distal areas of the optic flow field on exerted and perceived cycling effort. Thirty cyclists participated in two 20-min cycling trials within a virtual reality environment, with the goal of surpassing the power output achieved during a baseline trial. During these trials, they viewed the environment through a proximal or distal window, in counterbalanced order. We measured the cyclists' exerted effort on a bicycle trainer, and recorded their responses regarding perceived effort and psychological momentum experience. A one-way repeated measures ANCOVA with average baseline power as a covariate revealed a significant difference in exerted effort between the proximal and distal condition, with higher average exerted effort in the proximal condition. However, a significant interaction effect between condition and baseline power indicated that the beneficial effect of the proximal condition was mainly present for lower-level cyclists. We observed no significant differences in perceived effort or psychological momentum. These findings provide novel insights into the relation between optic flow and cycling effort, and call for new research on the mechanisms underlying this relation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 103353"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143868623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender stereotype threat and motor learning: Exploring its impact, underlying mechanisms, and attentional focus pathways for mitigation","authors":"Seyyed Mohammadreza Mousavi ,&nbsp;Hamid Salehi ,&nbsp;Takehiro Iwatsuki","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While some studies suggest stereotype threat negatively affects motor performance and learning, further research is needed to better understand its effects and underlying mechanisms, which could lead to strategies for mitigating its impact. In experiment 1, we 1) investigated the effects of gender stereotype threat on learning of an aiming task among adolescent girls, 2) evaluated conscious processes and motivational processes to explore the variables that act as mediators in the context of stereotype threats on performance, and 3) conducted in-depth interviews to explore the participants' experiences, understandings, and opinions related to gender stereotype. Moving one step further, with respect to our findings in Exp 1, we tested whether attentional focus strategies could mitigate the negative effects of stereotype threat on the motor learning of adolescent girls (Exp 2). Our results revealed that implementing an external focus of attention can mitigate the detrimental effects of stereotype threat on motor performance and learning in adolescent girls. These findings hold significant implications for the acquisition of motor skills among adolescents, especially in stereotype-threat conditions. Coaches and teachers, particularly in activities such as throwing, can encourage adolescents to adopt an external focus of attention.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 103357"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond unilateral motor impairments: Role of bilateral force control and strength asymmetry in gait coordination and falls post-stroke","authors":"Prakruti Patel,&nbsp;Neha Lodha","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103356","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103356","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coordination between lower extremities is a fundamental aspect of walking, yet it has received limited attention in locomotor recovery post-stroke. We aimed to compare the impact of unilateral versus bilateral force impairments on gait coordination and examine the relationship between gait coordination and incidence of falls post-stroke. In adults with stroke (<em>N</em> = 22) and age-similar healthy controls (N = 22), we measured gait coordination with phase coordination index (PCI) during overground walking. We measured force control for ankle dorsiflexors in unilateral and bilateral conditions. Unilateral force impairments were quantified with force error during visuomotor tracking and maximum voluntary contraction force for each leg. Bilateral force impairments were measured with cross-correlation coefficient, time lag, and strength symmetry. We recorded the history of falls in the previous year for adults with stroke. Compared with controls, adults with stroke showed significantly increased PCI, decreased cross-correlation coefficient and increased time lag between bilateral forces. Force error of both paretic and non-paretic legs was increased in the stroke group. Strength symmetry and cross-correlation coefficient explained 59.5 % of the variance in PCI (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). However, unilateral force impairments were not associated with PCI. Adults with stroke reported a previous fall incidence rate of 59.09 %. Stroke survivors with a history of fall showed significantly higher PCI relative to stroke survivors without a history of fall (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). We found a significant relationship between falls and PCI (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) such that poor gait coordination was related to past incidence of falls in stroke survivors. The current study provides novel insights that impairments in bilateral, but not unilateral force control influences coordination during overground walking post-stroke. Specifically, impaired timing between bilateral ankle forces and strength asymmetry negatively impacts gait coordination post-stroke. Impaired gait coordination elevates the risk for falling post-stroke, thereby compromising safe mobility in individuals with stroke.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 103356"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Task difficulty promotes tactical learning but supresses the positive learning effects of autonomy and cognitive effort","authors":"Dave Bright ,&nbsp;Jenny Smith ,&nbsp;Philip Kearney ,&nbsp;Oliver Runswick","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Learning conditions that provide task-relevant autonomy, and those that encourage cognitive effort through manipulations of difficulty, have been reported to enhance skill development. However, research is yet to directly compare these two manipulations to establish their relative contribution to enhancing motor learning. This study used an on-screen target interception task to compare an autonomous group (self-selection of racquet size), a Challenge Point group (performance-contingent racquet size), a yoked group, and a fixed racquet size control group. Task accuracy and self-report measures of intrinsic motivation and cognitive effort were recorded at multiple time points across acquisition and at immediate, 24-h, seven-day, and 30-day retention and transfer tests. Results showed that task accuracy improved over acquisition, and remained robust across all retention tests, but no between group differences were seen. Intrinsic motivation levels decreased over acquisition, but with no between group differences observed. Participants (83, mean age 40(±12) years, 50 % male) within all groups reported consistently high cognitive effort scores, and made tactical learning choices, suggesting that high task difficulty may have suppressed the more subtle effects of autonomy and performance contingent practice. Conclusions are made regarding the variability of individual approaches to a novel task and the need to build experiments that can detect these idiosyncrasies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"101 ","pages":"Article 103354"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}