Human Movement Science最新文献

{"title":"Focus on the process or outcome? It depends on the task goal","authors":"Kevin A. Becker ,&nbsp;Nicholas A. Levine ,&nbsp;Christopher A. Aiken","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An abundance of research supports an external focus enhancing motor performance relative to an internal focus. However, this blanket recommendation loses some nuance of what types of external cues might be most effective. Some studies have compared a proximal and distal external focus, but this comparison is often confounded by differences in both spatial and temporal distance. In the present study, we aimed to determine how internal and external focus cues that direct attention to either the process or outcome of the movement (i.e., differing in temporal distance, but not spatial distance) impacted hex bar deadlift performance. Twenty-four participants (16 females) experienced in strength training performed hex bar deadlifts with 60 % of their self-reported 1RM. Familiarization trials were followed by conditions using an internal-process (IP), internal-outcome (IO), external-process (EP), and external-outcome (EO) focus presented in a counterbalanced order. Peak velocity, average velocity, and vertical bar displacement were subjected to repeated measures ANOVAs to test for differences due to focus. Peak velocity was impacted by focus with an EP leading to higher values than IO and IP. For average velocity EP had higher values than IO, and approached higher values than IP. For vertical bar displacement, EO led to greater displacement than IO and IP, but did not differ from EP. The present findings suggest EP was most effective for enhancing velocity (primary goal), but EO maximized displacement. These differing findings suggest that the best external focus cues are those which most closely align with important task goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 103416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Handedness and brain lateralization: A nonlinear motor approach combined with EEG","authors":"Yago Emanoel Ramos ,&nbsp;Mariana Teixeira Santos ,&nbsp;Iago Nudelman Reis Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Cecília Bastos da Costa Accioly ,&nbsp;Jean-François Daneault ,&nbsp;Daniel Gomes de Almeida Filho ,&nbsp;José Garcia Vivas Miranda","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores handedness through a multidisciplinary approach, integrating biomechanical analysis and electroencephalography (EEG) to uncover differences in motor strategies and brain lateralization among right-handed, left-handed, and ambidextrous individuals. Seventy participants were assessed using motion capture and EEG during writing and drawing tasks performed with both dominant and non-dominant hands. Biomechanical data were analyzed through the lens of motion optimization, using the Movement Element Decomposition (MED) method, while EEG data focused on event-related synchronization/desynchronization (ERD/S) patterns. Results highlight that right-handers demonstrate stronger lateralization for fine motor tasks, with optimized neural and biomechanical adaptations favoring the right hand. In contrast, left-handers exhibit specialization for impedance control with their right hand, suggesting distinct motor planning strategies. EEG findings corroborate these behaviors, showing that right-handers require less cognitive effort when using their dominant hand for writing, whereas left-handers show heightened parietal activity associated with sensorimotor integration during similar tasks. The study reveals an asymmetry in motor skill acquisition, possibly related to left-handed adaptations to right-hand-dominated environments. These insights contribute to understanding handedness's role in motor control and brain organization, with implications for neurorehabilitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 103425"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145356900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New developments at human movement science: Shaping the future","authors":"A. Mark Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103435","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 103435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145656214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propulsive and braking mechanisms during acceleration and deceleration in human gait","authors":"Naoto Hida,&nbsp;Tomoya Kokue,&nbsp;Kenichi Sugawara","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103420","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103420","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Understanding propulsive and braking mechanisms during gait acceleration and deceleration is essential for ensuring gait stability in daily life.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>We aimed to clarify propulsive and braking mechanisms during accelerating and decelerating human gait by analyzing the ground reaction force (GRF) and center of mass external moment (COM M_ext).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We requested 30 healthy young adults to walk under four conditions (normal, maximum, accelerated, decelerated) while kinematic and kinetic data were recorded using a 3D motion capture system and force plates. GRF, COM M_ext, and spatiotemporal gait parameters were analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Accelerated walking (AW) increased walking velocity and step length, while decelerated walking (DW) reduced them. AW had significantly reduced GRF posterior components in early stance phase, and higher GRF anterior and vertical components in the late stance, resulting in a reduced COM M_ext (larger anterior rotation momentum) in the late stance. DW showed significantly elevated GRF vertical and posterior components in the early stance, resulting in a higher COM M_ext (smaller anterior rotation momentum) in the early stance.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>Acceleration was characterized by elevated propulsive and vertical GRF during the late stance to facilitate COM forward rotation. Deceleration was characterized by elevated braking and vertical GRF in the early stance to reduce the abrupt COM forward rotation. Our findings may help the development of effective programs aimed at improving acceleration and deceleration abilities during gait.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 103420"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145310070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of Alexander technique-based postural instructions on gait in healthy young adults","authors":"Derek J. Otterstetter,&nbsp;Kate A. Hamel,&nbsp;David I. Anderson","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103421","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alexander technique (AT) is a method of behavior modification that seeks to improve coordination by modifying habitual reactions to the stimuli that incite action. Previous studies have shown that a single session of AT-based postural instructions (Lighten Up) can improve axial stiffness, postural control during quiet stance, and step initiation in older adults with Parkinson's disease, as well as balance and postural control in healthy older and younger adults relative to instructions that encourage muscular effort or relaxation. In the present study, we investigated the effects of AT-based postural instructions on steady state gait in young adult participants with no prior experience with Alexander Technique. Forty-four participants (29 female, 15 male; 23.4 ± 4.2 years old) utilized three sets of instructions while walking: Lighten Up, Pull Up, and Relax and also completed a Control condition in which they walked normally without any additional instructions. We found minimal differences between Lighten Up, Pull Up, and the Control conditions, with a significantly smaller Coefficient of Variation in the Lighten Up and Pull Up conditions compared to the Control condition for Stride Velocity. We found the most notable differences in the Relax condition, where participants walked significantly slower, took significantly shorter Stride Lengths, and spent significantly more time in Double Support compared to the other three conditions. Participants also had significantly higher gait variability in the Relax condition compared to the Lighten Up, Pull Up and Control conditions. Instructions to Relax clearly compromised steady state gait.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 103421"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145349855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-selected movement patterns during lateral locomotion with body weight support","authors":"Kenji Masumoto ,&nbsp;Matthew Heninger ,&nbsp;Natalia Pravica ,&nbsp;Katsiaryna Afanasyeva ,&nbsp;Emma Foley ,&nbsp;Alina Swafford ,&nbsp;John A. Mercer","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this study was to investigate metabolic cost, muscle activity, and perceptual responses during lateral and forward locomotion at different BWS levels at individual's preferred speed. Twelve participants performed lateral and forward locomotion on a lower body positive pressure treadmill at 0 %BWS, 20 %BWS, and 50 %BWS conditions at mode-specific preferred speed. Oxygen uptake, muscle activity, stride frequency, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and feeling scale were measured during the tests. Oxygen uptake was influenced by the interaction of BWS and direction (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Muscle activity (rectus femoris, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius), stride frequency, and RPE during locomotion at 50 %BWS were averages of 23.7 %, 6.8 %, and 0.8 rankings lower than that of locomotion at 20 %BWS, respectively, regardless of direction (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Feeling scale value during locomotion at 50 %BWS was significantly higher than that of locomotion at 20 %BWS, regardless of direction (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). During lateral locomotion, rectus femoris muscle activity was an average of 27.2 % lower and stride frequency was an average of 23.7 % greater than that of forward locomotion, regardless of BWS (P &lt; 0.01). Furthermore, preferred speed during lateral locomotion was an average of 49.9 % lower than that of forward locomotion, regardless of BWS (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). However, muscle activity (biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius), RPE, and feeling scale were similar between directions, regardless of BWS (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Our observations suggest that individuals self-selected their locomotion speed and stride frequency and induced similar magnitude of muscle activity from the lower extremity and perceptual responses during lateral locomotion and forward locomotion, regardless of BWS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 103412"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145202304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of strategic self-talk with consideration of attentional focus on discrete motor task performance","authors":"Jack J. Sampson ,&nbsp;Phillip G. Post ,&nbsp;Christopher A. Aiken","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The self-talk matching hypothesis predicts that instructional self-talk is more effective for tasks involving precision and accuracy, and that motivational self-talk is more effective for tasks involving endurance, strength, and power (Theodorakis et al., 2000). Around 60 % of self-talk interventions support these differential effects predictions (Hardy et al., 2018). Attentional focus research may strengthen the matching hypothesis, where an external focus has been shown to improve performance and facilitate learning for a variety of motor tasks (Chua et al., 2021). It has been postulated that instructional self-talk impacts performance though attentional mechanisms (Galanis &amp; Hatzigeorgiadis, 2020). Infusing internal and external attentional focus into instructional self-talk may allow more consistent performance differences to emerge between instructional and motivational self-talk. The purpose of the present study was to compare instructional self-talk with internal and external foci to motivational self-talk. 36 participants (Male = 10, Female = 26; <em>M</em> = 20.65 years) completed 60 dart throws in a counter-balanced order, with 15 occurring under each of four conditions: control (CON), internal-instructional self-talk (IIST), external-instructional self-talk (EIST), and motivational self-talk (MST). Performance was measured through mean radial error (MRE) for accuracy and bivariate variable error (BVE) for consistency. For a within-subjects design, data were analyzed with separate one-way repeated measures ANOVAs with four levels (i.e., CON, IIST, EIST, and MST) for each dependent variable. EIST and MST had significantly less MRE than IIST (<em>p</em> &lt; .05). Results suggest that incorporating external focus into instructional self-talk may benefit discrete motor task performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 103413"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling motor learning in juggling: A Bayesian approach","authors":"Mu Qiao","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103414","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103414","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>We studied the catching accuracy during the skill acquisition of juggling using a probabilistic model, which was justified by the Bayesian brain hypothesis that the internal model constantly updates its parameters based on prior experiences and new practice. We wondered how practice can increase the probability of catching a ball (θ) in juggling by changing the shape of the posterior distribution of θ.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We recorded the juggling performance of 192 students over 17 days. Using the Bayesian approach, under a prior distribution of beta(θ|1,3), we calculated the posterior distribution of θ and its expectation (E[θ]) and variance (Var(θ)) on each day of practice.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In a decelerated pattern, participants improved E[θ] from 0.43 to 0.86 and reduced Var(θ) from 0.029 to 0.001 over 17 days. Using the posterior distribution, we estimated the probability of different performance outcomes on each day of practice.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The probabilistic model suggests that during motor learning, participants shifted the weight from prior experience to current practice and updated θ in the posterior distribution. Instead of choosing θ close to its theoretically optimal value (i.e., maximum likelihood estimation) across days of practice, participants selected sub-optimal θ at the beginning and gradually improved θ to its optimal value during learning. Our model not only contributes to the theoretical understanding of skill acquisition from a probabilistic perspective but also could be applied to some other discrete motor skills requiring hand-eye coordination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 103414"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145260262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of wearing a head-mounted display on the movement execution of basic elements on the balance beam in women's artistic gymnastics","authors":"Sebastian Merker ,&nbsp;Stefan Pastel ,&nbsp;Dan Bürger ,&nbsp;Kerstin Witte","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Virtual reality in artistic gymnastics has hardly been researched yet, but could have positive effects on learning movements, particularly on the balance beam, whose width and height demand significant effort. This study aimed to identify suitable gymnastics elements for the execution with a head-mounted display (HMD), considering potential performance impacts related to its size, weight, and limited field of view. Twelve basic elements covering the characteristics of the balance beam were performed by 36 competitive gymnasts (16.5 ± 6.6 years) on a low beam (10 cm) with and without the HTC VIVE Pro Eye HMD, which displayed the real environment through its cameras instead of a virtual one. A helmet with similar dimensions and weight to the HMD was used as a third condition to isolate vision effects. Licensed judges evaluated all trials for recognition and execution based on international scoring rules. Both analyses show that the performance was more impacted by restricted vision than by additional weight. Execution quality varied significantly between the condition with and without HMD for all movement characteristics, although the differences were smaller for jumps, holds/acrobatic non-flight elements and leaps than for elements with turns. Consistent with this, no significant differences in jumps and holds/acrobatic non-flight were found between the original and helmet conditions. In summary, elements without longitudinal axis rotations are well-suited for HMD execution, and results can be improved with better hardware and longer familiarization. Future studies should prioritize good optical resolution, a large field of view, and compact design over low weight when selecting HMDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 103417"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145260232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phase resetting with temporal template explains complexity matching in finger tapping to fractal rhythms","authors":"Si Long Jenny Tou,&nbsp;Tom Chau","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103423","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103423","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;Auditory-motor synchronization refers to the coupling of motor responses to rhythmic auditory stimuli. This study examined finger-tapping dynamics under three conditions: self-paced tapping, tapping to metronomic stimuli, and tapping to fractal auditory stimuli. Using Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) to estimate Hurst exponents, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, and Diffusion Entropy Analysis (DEA) to estimate scaling exponents, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, in each condition, we found that self-paced tapping exhibited persistent or super-diffusive inter-tap intervals (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;63&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;145&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;64&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;097&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;), while tapping to metronomic stimuli showed a trend toward random noise (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;55&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;101&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;58&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;126&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;). Complexity matching, that is, systematic adjustment of intertap intervals to match persistence levels of fractal stimuli, was observed between the Hurst exponents of auditory stimuli (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;25&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; to &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;) and complexity measures of tapping (&lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;54&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; to &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;81&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;; &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;51&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; to &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;72&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt;). A Gaussian linear mixed model confirmed significant associations between the Hurst exponents of auditory stimuli and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; of the corresponding intertap interval time series. In contrast, the associations between the Hurst exponents of auditory stimuli and &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mi&gt;d&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;&lt;/span&gt; of the corresponding intertap interval time series were mixed.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;To understand these empirical observations, we utilized the neural hopping model to represent the intrinsic mechanism underlying self-paced tapping and incorporated the Van der Pol oscillator to account for auditory stimuli as a driving force. Metronomic stimuli were modeled as harmonic forcing, resulting in simulated tapping with &lt;span&gt;&lt;math&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;50&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mo&gt;±&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mspace&gt;&lt;/mspace&gt;&lt;mn&gt;0&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;175&lt;/m","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 103423"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145410849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}