Human Movement Science最新文献

{"title":"Upper-limb coordination deficits in paraplegia during symmetrical movement tasks: Evidence from surface EMG and kinematic analysis","authors":"Yaming Liu ,&nbsp;Mianjia Shan ,&nbsp;Fengxian Wu ,&nbsp;Haixia Xie ,&nbsp;Yixin Shen ,&nbsp;Yan Qi ,&nbsp;Wenxin Niu","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103445","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103445","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Neural pathways controlling the upper limb (UL) are spared in individuals with paraplegia, but the effect of lower-body sensorimotor pathways disruption on bilateral UL coordination remains unknown. This study aims to investigate the UL coordination in paraplegia during symmetrical movements.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifteen paraplegic individuals and nine healthy controls underwent surface electromyography and motion capture during two types of symmetrical movements to record activity of five bilateral shoulder muscles and bilateral shoulder joint angles. A modified Procrustes analysis aligned bilateral sEMG and angle curves. Maximum correlation coefficients (<span><math><msub><mi>r</mi><mi>max</mi></msub></math></span>) and normalized symmetry index (NSI) quantified bilateral similarity and symmetry. Canonical variates analysis (CVA) further assessed group differences.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The paraplegia group showed reduced bilateral symmetry and similarity compared to the controls. Main effects of group and movement were found for both <span><math><msub><mi>r</mi><mi>max</mi></msub></math></span> of all five muscles (group, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05; movement, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01) and NSI of shoulder joint angle in the sagittal plane (group, <em>p</em> = 0.049; movement, <em>p</em> = 0.006). Group effects (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.05) were observed for NSI of the middle deltoid (MD), upper trapezius, and latissimus dorsi (LD). Significant movement effects were found in <span><math><msub><mi>r</mi><mi>max</mi></msub></math></span> of shoulder joint angle in the sagittal and coronal planes (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). CVA achieved 93.8 % and 84.2 % group classification accuracy for the two movements, with MD, triceps brachii, and LD parameters contributing most.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Individuals with paraplegia exhibit impaired UL coordination, with neuromuscular measurements being more sensitive than kinematics in detecting deficits, highlighting the need for UL coordination restoration in rehabilitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 103445"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower visual field inputs reduce postural sway via ankle co-contraction, independent of vection","authors":"Takumi Aiko ,&nbsp;Takaki Kurogi ,&nbsp;Takashi Muchima ,&nbsp;Haruna Kumano ,&nbsp;Ayako Kawabata ,&nbsp;Daiju Kinoshita ,&nbsp;Naoya Hasegawa ,&nbsp;Norio Kato ,&nbsp;Hiroki Mani","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103446","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103446","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Optic flow stimuli in the lower visual field reduce center of pressure (COP) sway in the anteroposterior direction. The central nervous system (CNS) may adopt a stiffness control strategy in response to vection, defined as the visually induced illusion of self-motion.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>Do visual stimuli presented in the lower visual field elicit stronger vection and promote a stiffness strategy?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-seven healthy young adults participated in this study. Visual stimuli were presented in two field-of-view conditions (upper and lower visual fields) and three velocity conditions (slow, medium, and fast) using a head-mounted virtual reality display. The optic flow consisted of small white spheres expanding radially toward the periphery. Participants stood quietly for 70 s. Postural responses were quantified using the root mean square (RMS), mean velocity, and power spectral density (PSD) of COP, as well as the co-contraction index (CCI) of ankle muscles. Subjective vection was assessed using a visual analogue scale.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Optic flow in the lower visual field significantly reduced the RMS of COP in the anteroposterior direction and produced a more anterior COP position compared with the upper visual field condition. Additionally, PSD in the low-frequency band (0–0.3 Hz) was significantly reduced, whereas PSD in higher-frequency bands (0.3–3 Hz) and CCI were significantly increased. In contrast, vection was weaker under lower visual field stimulation.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>The CNS modulates ankle muscle co-contraction and postural orientation when optic flow is presented in the lower visual field, independently of vection strength.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 103446"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A test of the variability vs. specificity hypotheses in the retention of a motor skill","authors":"Rajiv Ranganathan,&nbsp;Simon Cone,&nbsp;Narae Shin,&nbsp;Rakshith Lokesh,&nbsp;Brian Fox","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103431","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103431","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The variability of practice hypothesis suggests that practicing with task variations enhances motor learning (<span><span>Schmidt, 1975</span></span>). However, in tasks with only a single criterion goal to be learned, the evidence that variable practice enhances retention of this criterion task compared to constant practice (i.e. practicing without task variations) is somewhat mixed. Here, we addressed this question using a registered report format. Participants (<em>n</em> = 80) learned a bimanual shuffleboard task where the goal was to slide a virtual puck toward a target, which required participants to release the puck at a specified speed. Two groups of participants were tested - the Constant group practiced with a specific criterion target location (which requires no variation in the puck speed), whereas the Variable group practiced the criterion target location along with 4 additional target locations. Pre-registered comparisons of retention after 24-h showed no evidence of significant differences between groups, with a Bayesian analysis showing support for the null hypothesis. Other exploratory analyses also showed no significant differences between groups. These results indicate that the variability of practice hypothesis may not be as universal as typically assumed but, more broadly, highlight the difficulty in using two-group experimental designs for hypothesis-testing in motor learning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 103431"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145685897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating cortical activity and balance performance in Alpine skiers: An fNIRS study","authors":"Haroon Khan ,&nbsp;Paolo Victor Redondo ,&nbsp;Håvard Engell ,&nbsp;Hernando Ombao ,&nbsp;Peyman Mirtaheri","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103432","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103432","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study investigates the association between dynamic balance performance assessed by the modified hop balance test and cortical hemodynamics in young skiers during single-leg stance (SLS) and dual-leg stance (DLS), utilizing functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). The study hypothesizes that SLS will enhance cortical activation than DLS due to challenging postural balance, and imbalances between right- and left-leg stances (RLS vs. LLS) will produce distinct activation patterns. The SLS and DLS were performed to understand cortical activity linked to postural control, brain areas, and lateralization’s role. Differences in the hemodynamic response across experimental conditions were formally tested under the statistical framework called the functional mixed effects model, which simultaneously captures common patterns across subjects and accounts for variations in brain functional responses across subjects. Results unveiled a notable contrast <span><math><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>≤</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>0001</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> in cortical activation between SLS and DLS, with higher cortical activation during SLS, suggesting distinct neural control mechanisms. Intriguingly, distinct cortical activation patterns were observed during both stances, including various regions in the motor cortex and associated areas. No significant differences were found in cortical hemodynamics and balance performance when comparing the left-leg stance (LLS) and right-leg stance (RLS), suggesting equal stimulation of the motor cortex. Future studies comparing skiers with non-skiers might reveal different brain activity patterns between RLS and LLS, warranting further investigation into the functional role of these activations for balance improvement and targeted interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"105 ","pages":"Article 103432"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145651742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of unilateral leg weight perturbation intensity on spatiotemporal gait parameter symmetry and lower limb muscle activity: An exploratory laboratory study in healthy adults","authors":"Tsuyoshi Motokawa ,&nbsp;Yuta Terasawa ,&nbsp;Yui Nagamori ,&nbsp;Sora Onishi ,&nbsp;Shu Morioka","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103426","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103426","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Walking requires precise central nervous system control. Although gait adaptation and learning have been extensively investigated, the specific conditions that elicit delayed adaptation and aftereffects remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Research question</h3><div>How do slow adaptation and aftereffects influence gait parameters during walking with unilateral leg weight load perturbation?</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This exploratory laboratory study involved 15 healthy adults. The participants walked on a treadmill with a weight attached to one leg under low-weight/high-speed, high-weight/low-speed, and high-weight/high-speed conditions. Each condition comprised baseline, adaptation, and de-adaptation phases. Step length symmetry, swing time ratio, lower limb flexion-extension angles, and muscle activity during walking were recorded and assessed across conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Slow adaptation and aftereffects in step length symmetry and leg flexion-extension angles were observed under the high-weight/high-speed condition. An immediate increase in muscle activity was detected following weight loading, primarily on the unperturbed side. This procedure was followed by gradual bilateral adaptation and aftereffects in the gastrocnemius and rectus femoris muscles on the perturbed side. Both low-weight/high-speed and high-weight/low-speed conditions induced aftereffects in step length symmetry; however, no significant changes in leg flexion-extension angles were noted. Under the low-weight/high-speed condition, bilateral muscle activity increased immediately, followed by slow adaptation in multiple muscles and aftereffects in the perturbed gastrocnemius.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>These findings elucidate how weight and speed perturbation intensity affect the neurological mechanisms underlying gait adaptation. High-intensity perturbation engages feedforward control and promotes central nervous system adaptation. The results may guide the development of rehabilitation strategies aimed at improving gait symmetry through unilateral leg loading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 103426"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145454078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New developments at human movement science: Shaping the future","authors":"A. Mark Williams","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103435","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103435","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 103435"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145656214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Focus on the process or outcome? It depends on the task goal","authors":"Kevin A. Becker ,&nbsp;Nicholas A. Levine ,&nbsp;Christopher A. Aiken","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103416","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103416","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An abundance of research supports an external focus enhancing motor performance relative to an internal focus. However, this blanket recommendation loses some nuance of what types of external cues might be most effective. Some studies have compared a proximal and distal external focus, but this comparison is often confounded by differences in both spatial and temporal distance. In the present study, we aimed to determine how internal and external focus cues that direct attention to either the process or outcome of the movement (i.e., differing in temporal distance, but not spatial distance) impacted hex bar deadlift performance. Twenty-four participants (16 females) experienced in strength training performed hex bar deadlifts with 60 % of their self-reported 1RM. Familiarization trials were followed by conditions using an internal-process (IP), internal-outcome (IO), external-process (EP), and external-outcome (EO) focus presented in a counterbalanced order. Peak velocity, average velocity, and vertical bar displacement were subjected to repeated measures ANOVAs to test for differences due to focus. Peak velocity was impacted by focus with an EP leading to higher values than IO and IP. For average velocity EP had higher values than IO, and approached higher values than IP. For vertical bar displacement, EO led to greater displacement than IO and IP, but did not differ from EP. The present findings suggest EP was most effective for enhancing velocity (primary goal), but EO maximized displacement. These differing findings suggest that the best external focus cues are those which most closely align with important task goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 103416"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Handedness and brain lateralization: A nonlinear motor approach combined with EEG","authors":"Yago Emanoel Ramos ,&nbsp;Mariana Teixeira Santos ,&nbsp;Iago Nudelman Reis Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Cecília Bastos da Costa Accioly ,&nbsp;Jean-François Daneault ,&nbsp;Daniel Gomes de Almeida Filho ,&nbsp;José Garcia Vivas Miranda","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103425","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103425","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explores handedness through a multidisciplinary approach, integrating biomechanical analysis and electroencephalography (EEG) to uncover differences in motor strategies and brain lateralization among right-handed, left-handed, and ambidextrous individuals. Seventy participants were assessed using motion capture and EEG during writing and drawing tasks performed with both dominant and non-dominant hands. Biomechanical data were analyzed through the lens of motion optimization, using the Movement Element Decomposition (MED) method, while EEG data focused on event-related synchronization/desynchronization (ERD/S) patterns. Results highlight that right-handers demonstrate stronger lateralization for fine motor tasks, with optimized neural and biomechanical adaptations favoring the right hand. In contrast, left-handers exhibit specialization for impedance control with their right hand, suggesting distinct motor planning strategies. EEG findings corroborate these behaviors, showing that right-handers require less cognitive effort when using their dominant hand for writing, whereas left-handers show heightened parietal activity associated with sensorimotor integration during similar tasks. The study reveals an asymmetry in motor skill acquisition, possibly related to left-handed adaptations to right-hand-dominated environments. These insights contribute to understanding handedness's role in motor control and brain organization, with implications for neurorehabilitation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 103425"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145356900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-selected movement patterns during lateral locomotion with body weight support","authors":"Kenji Masumoto ,&nbsp;Matthew Heninger ,&nbsp;Natalia Pravica ,&nbsp;Katsiaryna Afanasyeva ,&nbsp;Emma Foley ,&nbsp;Alina Swafford ,&nbsp;John A. Mercer","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103412","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103412","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The purpose of this study was to investigate metabolic cost, muscle activity, and perceptual responses during lateral and forward locomotion at different BWS levels at individual's preferred speed. Twelve participants performed lateral and forward locomotion on a lower body positive pressure treadmill at 0 %BWS, 20 %BWS, and 50 %BWS conditions at mode-specific preferred speed. Oxygen uptake, muscle activity, stride frequency, rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and feeling scale were measured during the tests. Oxygen uptake was influenced by the interaction of BWS and direction (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Muscle activity (rectus femoris, biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius), stride frequency, and RPE during locomotion at 50 %BWS were averages of 23.7 %, 6.8 %, and 0.8 rankings lower than that of locomotion at 20 %BWS, respectively, regardless of direction (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Feeling scale value during locomotion at 50 %BWS was significantly higher than that of locomotion at 20 %BWS, regardless of direction (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.01). During lateral locomotion, rectus femoris muscle activity was an average of 27.2 % lower and stride frequency was an average of 23.7 % greater than that of forward locomotion, regardless of BWS (P &lt; 0.01). Furthermore, preferred speed during lateral locomotion was an average of 49.9 % lower than that of forward locomotion, regardless of BWS (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). However, muscle activity (biceps femoris, tibialis anterior, and gastrocnemius), RPE, and feeling scale were similar between directions, regardless of BWS (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). Our observations suggest that individuals self-selected their locomotion speed and stride frequency and induced similar magnitude of muscle activity from the lower extremity and perceptual responses during lateral locomotion and forward locomotion, regardless of BWS.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 103412"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145202304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of strategic self-talk with consideration of attentional focus on discrete motor task performance","authors":"Jack J. Sampson ,&nbsp;Phillip G. Post ,&nbsp;Christopher A. Aiken","doi":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103413","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.humov.2025.103413","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The self-talk matching hypothesis predicts that instructional self-talk is more effective for tasks involving precision and accuracy, and that motivational self-talk is more effective for tasks involving endurance, strength, and power (Theodorakis et al., 2000). Around 60 % of self-talk interventions support these differential effects predictions (Hardy et al., 2018). Attentional focus research may strengthen the matching hypothesis, where an external focus has been shown to improve performance and facilitate learning for a variety of motor tasks (Chua et al., 2021). It has been postulated that instructional self-talk impacts performance though attentional mechanisms (Galanis &amp; Hatzigeorgiadis, 2020). Infusing internal and external attentional focus into instructional self-talk may allow more consistent performance differences to emerge between instructional and motivational self-talk. The purpose of the present study was to compare instructional self-talk with internal and external foci to motivational self-talk. 36 participants (Male = 10, Female = 26; <em>M</em> = 20.65 years) completed 60 dart throws in a counter-balanced order, with 15 occurring under each of four conditions: control (CON), internal-instructional self-talk (IIST), external-instructional self-talk (EIST), and motivational self-talk (MST). Performance was measured through mean radial error (MRE) for accuracy and bivariate variable error (BVE) for consistency. For a within-subjects design, data were analyzed with separate one-way repeated measures ANOVAs with four levels (i.e., CON, IIST, EIST, and MST) for each dependent variable. EIST and MST had significantly less MRE than IIST (<em>p</em> &lt; .05). Results suggest that incorporating external focus into instructional self-talk may benefit discrete motor task performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55046,"journal":{"name":"Human Movement Science","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 103413"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145160069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}