Biomechanical responses following compelled forward versus backward body shift: How aging and perturbation direction alter balance recovery?

IF 1.6 3区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Human Movement Science Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI:10.1016/j.humov.2024.103303

Soroosh Sadeh , Keng-Hung Shen , Forouzan Foroughi , Mark W. Rogers , Hao-Yuan Hsiao

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Falls are a significant health risk in older adults, and forward and backward falls each account for more than 40 % of falls. Dynamic stability, limb support, and impact energy absorption are crucial balance regulatory components and likely vary with the direction of imbalance. Understanding how perturbation direction influences these key components of balance stability regulation is crucial. This study investigated the balance stability, lower limb impact energy absorption, and limb support in forward and backward directions of balance perturbations in younger versus older adults.

Thirteen healthy old and thirteen healthy young adults participated in this study. Participants stood on two adjacent perturbation platforms in modified tandem stance. The leading or trailing limb support surface dropped 76.2 mm vertically at an unknown time to impose body shift. Two-way (direction X group) mixed ANOVA was performed to analyze the anterior margin of stability (MoS), trunk angular displacement, peak negative power at the hip, knee, and ankle, and the peak vertical ground reaction forces (VGRF).

Compared to forward perturbation, backward perturbation induced greater MoS (P < 0.01), peak VGRF (P < 0.01), and peak ankle (P < 0.05) and hip (P < 0.05) joint power. Older adults showed decreased MoS (P < 0.05), perturbed limb peak VGRF (P < 0.05), and ankle (P < 0.05) and knee (P < 0.05) joint peak power compared to younger adults.

Forward perturbations induced greater challenges for dynamic stability, possibly due to trunk motion characteristics, while backward perturbations posed challenges in limb support and impact energy absorption. In addition, age-related deficits in balance stability regulation were observed in both perturbation directions.

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身体被迫前移和后移后的生物力学反应：衰老和扰动方向如何改变平衡恢复？

跌倒是老年人的一个重大健康风险，向前和向后跌倒各占跌倒的 40% 以上。动态稳定性、肢体支撑和冲击能量吸收是平衡调节的重要组成部分，并可能随着失衡方向的不同而变化。了解扰动方向如何影响平衡稳定性调节的这些关键组成部分至关重要。本研究调查了年轻人和老年人在平衡扰动的前进和后退方向上的平衡稳定性、下肢冲击能量吸收和肢体支撑力。13 名健康的老年人和 13 名健康的年轻人参加了这项研究。参与者站在两个相邻的扰动平台上，采用改良的串联站姿。前肢或后肢支撑面在未知时间垂直下降 76.2 毫米，以施加身体移动。采用双向（方向 X 组）混合方差分析来分析前方稳定幅度（MoS）、躯干角位移、髋关节、膝关节和踝关节的负功率峰值以及垂直地面反作用力峰值（VGRF）。与前向扰动相比，后向扰动引起的 MoS 更大（P

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来源期刊

Human Movement Science 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

3.80

自引率

4.80%

发文量

审稿时长

42 days

期刊介绍： Human Movement Science provides a medium for publishing disciplinary and multidisciplinary studies on human movement. It brings together psychological, biomechanical and neurophysiological research on the control, organization and learning of human movement, including the perceptual support of movement. The overarching goal of the journal is to publish articles that help advance theoretical understanding of the control and organization of human movement, as well as changes therein as a function of development, learning and rehabilitation. The nature of the research reported may vary from fundamental theoretical or empirical studies to more applied studies in the fields of, for example, sport, dance and rehabilitation with the proviso that all studies have a distinct theoretical bearing. Also, reviews and meta-studies advancing the understanding of human movement are welcome. These aims and scope imply that purely descriptive studies are not acceptable, while methodological articles are only acceptable if the methodology in question opens up new vistas in understanding the control and organization of human movement. The same holds for articles on exercise physiology, which in general are not supported, unless they speak to the control and organization of human movement. In general, it is required that the theoretical message of articles published in Human Movement Science is, to a certain extent, innovative and not dismissible as just "more of the same."