{"title":"Using Counterfactuals to Improve Causal Inferences From Visualizations.","authors":"David Borland, Arran Zeyu Wang, David Gotz","doi":"10.1109/MCG.2023.3338788","DOIUrl":"10.1109/MCG.2023.3338788","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditional approaches to data visualization have often focused on comparing different subsets of data, and this is reflected in the many techniques developed and evaluated over the years for visual comparison. Similarly, common workflows for exploratory visualization are built upon the idea of users interactively applying various filter and grouping mechanisms in search of new insights. This paradigm has proven effective at helping users identify correlations between variables that can inform thinking and decision-making. However, recent studies show that consumers of visualizations often draw causal conclusions even when not supported by the data. Motivated by these observations, this article highlights recent advances from a growing community of researchers exploring methods that aim to directly support visual causal inference. However, many of these approaches have their own limitations, which limit their use in many real-world scenarios. This article, therefore, also outlines a set of key open challenges and corresponding priorities for new research to advance the state of the art in visual causal inference.</p>","PeriodicalId":55026,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications","volume":"44 1","pages":"95-104"},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139565424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"LayerNet: A One-Step Layered Network for Semantic Segmentation at Night.","authors":"Hao Li, Changjiang Liu, Yang Yang","doi":"10.1109/MCG.2023.3253167","DOIUrl":"10.1109/MCG.2023.3253167","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We have collected a novel, nighttime scene dataset, called Rebecca, including 600 real images captured at night with pixel-level semantic annotations, which is currently scarce and can be invoked as a new benchmark. In addition, we proposed a one-step layered network, named LayerNet, to combine local features rich in appearance information in the shallow layer, global features abundant in semantic information in the deep layer, and middle-level features in between by explicitly modeling multistage features of objects in the nighttime. In addition, a multihead decoder and a well-designed hierarchical module are utilized to extract and fuse features of different depths. Numerous experiments show that our dataset can significantly improve the segmentation ability of the existing models for nighttime images. Meanwhile, our LayerNet achieves the state-of-the-art accuracy on Rebecca (65.3% mIOU). The dataset is available at https://github.com/Lihao482/REebecca.</p>","PeriodicalId":55026,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications","volume":"PP ","pages":"9-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9259237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E Wes Bethel, Mercy G Amankwah, Jan Balewski, Roel Van Beeumen, Daan Camps, Daniel Huang, Talita Perciano, Theresa-Marie Rhyne
{"title":"Quantum Computing and Visualization: A Disruptive Technological Change Ahead.","authors":"E Wes Bethel, Mercy G Amankwah, Jan Balewski, Roel Van Beeumen, Daan Camps, Daniel Huang, Talita Perciano, Theresa-Marie Rhyne","doi":"10.1109/MCG.2023.3316932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MCG.2023.3316932","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The focus of this Visualization Viewpoints article is to provide some background on quantum computing (QC), to explore ideas related to how visualization helps in understanding QC, and examine how QC might be useful for visualization with the growth and maturation of both technologies in the future. In a quickly evolving technology landscape, QC is emerging as a promising pathway to overcome the growth limits in classical computing. In some cases, QC platforms offer the potential to vastly outperform the familiar classical computer by solving problems more quickly or that may be intractable on any known classical platform. As further performance gains for classical computing platforms are limited by diminishing Moore's Law scaling, QC platforms might be viewed as a potential successor to the current field of exascale-class platforms. While present-day QC hardware platforms are still limited in scale, the field of quantum computing is robust and rapidly advancing in terms of hardware capabilities, software environments for developing quantum algorithms, and educational programs for training the next generation of scientists and engineers. After a brief introduction to QC concepts, the focus of this article is to explore the interplay between the fields of visualization and QC. First, visualization has played a role in QC by providing the means to show representations of the quantum state of single-qubits in superposition states and multiple-qubits in entangled states. Second, there are a number of ways in which the field of visual data exploration and analysis may potentially benefit from this disruptive new technology though there are challenges going forward.</p>","PeriodicalId":55026,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications","volume":"43 6","pages":"101-111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71489170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Call for Papers: IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/mcg.2023.3316908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2023.3316908","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55026,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications","volume":"30 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135454856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Annals of the History of Computing","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/mcg.2023.3326223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2023.3326223","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55026,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications","volume":"37 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135454988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Christina Gillmann, Johanna Schmidt, Daniel Wiegreffe
{"title":"Visualization in the Wild","authors":"Christina Gillmann, Johanna Schmidt, Daniel Wiegreffe","doi":"10.1109/mcg.2023.3317646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2023.3317646","url":null,"abstract":"Visualization approaches have been successfully applied to a variety of application fields. Continuously published novel visualization approaches reflect the need for and success of visualization approaches. However, when looking at visualization techniques that designers apply in real-world applications targeted at a larger user group (e.g., medical experts, engineers, journalists, and public authorities), novel, published approaches hardly end up being used in real-world scenarios. The lack of readily available visualization software solutions and guidelines on applying these is unfortunate, especially since data science and data analytics are emerging fields, with many users needing data visualization. As shown in the different use-case scenarios outlined in this issue, implementing novel solutions within existing domain workflows is still a significant challenge for visualization researchers and domain experts. Challenges and guidelines for integrating interactive visualization applications in existing workflows are outlined in different real-world applications presented in this issue. The papers in this issue cover various domains and data types and comprise success stories of visualization approaches in different application domains.","PeriodicalId":55026,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications","volume":"61 5-6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135455383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"EIC's Editorial","authors":"André Stork","doi":"10.1109/mcg.2023.3321241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2023.3321241","url":null,"abstract":"Dear readers, this is the last IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications (IEEE CG&A) issue of 2023. It marks the end of my first year as EIC. Unbelievable how time flies, but, wow, what a year for me, and hopefully for you as well!","PeriodicalId":55026,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications","volume":"12 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135510631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Computer Society Has You Covered!","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/mcg.2023.3326220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2023.3326220","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55026,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications","volume":"35 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135454997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"IEEE Computer Society Information","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/mcg.2023.3316906","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2023.3316906","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":55026,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications","volume":"29 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135454860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Challenge of Interdisciplinarity at the Intersection of Groundwater Management and Visualization Research.","authors":"Laura Lotteraner, Thilo Hofmann, Torsten Moller","doi":"10.1109/MCG.2023.3309090","DOIUrl":"10.1109/MCG.2023.3309090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This design study presents an analysis and abstraction of temporal and spatial data, and workflows in the domain of hydrogeology and the design and development of an interactive visualization prototype. Developed in close collaboration with a group of hydrogeological researchers, the interface supports them in data exploration, selection of data for their numerical model calibration, and communication of findings to their industry partners. We highlight both pitfalls and learnings of the iterative design and validation process and explore the role of rapid prototyping. Some of the main lessons were that the ability to see their own data changed the engagement of skeptical users dramatically and that interactive rapid prototyping tools are thus powerful to unlock the advantage of visual analysis for novice users. Further, we observed that the process itself helped the domain scientists understand the potential and challenges of their data more than the final interface prototype.</p>","PeriodicalId":55026,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications","volume":"PP ","pages":"50-63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10541268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}