Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B最新文献

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Orientably-regular embeddings of complete multigraphs 完全多图的可定向正则嵌入
IF 1.2 1区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctb.2024.11.004
Štefan Gyürki, Soňa Pavlíková, Jozef Širáň
{"title":"Orientably-regular embeddings of complete multigraphs","authors":"Štefan Gyürki,&nbsp;Soňa Pavlíková,&nbsp;Jozef Širáň","doi":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.11.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.11.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>An embedding of a graph on an orientable surface is <em>orientably-regular</em> (or <em>rotary</em>, in an equivalent terminology) if the group of orientation-preserving automorphisms of the embedding is transitive (and hence regular) on incident vertex-edge pairs of the graph. A classification of orientably-regular embeddings of complete graphs was obtained by L.D. James and G.A. Jones (1985) <span><span>[10]</span></span>, pointing out interesting connections to finite fields and Frobenius groups. By a combination of graph-theoretic methods and tools from combinatorial group theory we extend results of James and Jones to classification of orientably-regular embeddings of complete multigraphs with arbitrary edge-multiplicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B","volume":"171 ","pages":"Pages 71-95"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142929316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Linear three-uniform hypergraphs with no Berge path of given length 没有给定长度的Berge路径的线性三均匀超图
IF 1.2 1区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctb.2024.11.003
Ervin Győri , Nika Salia
{"title":"Linear three-uniform hypergraphs with no Berge path of given length","authors":"Ervin Győri ,&nbsp;Nika Salia","doi":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extensions of Erdős-Gallai Theorem for general hypergraphs are well studied. In this work, we prove the extension of Erdős-Gallai Theorem for linear hypergraphs. In particular, we show that the number of hyperedges in an <em>n</em>-vertex 3-uniform linear hypergraph, without a Berge path of length <em>k</em> as a subgraph is at most <span><math><mfrac><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>6</mn></mrow></mfrac><mi>n</mi></math></span> for <span><math><mi>k</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>4</mn></math></span>. The bound is sharp for infinitely many <em>k</em> and <em>n</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B","volume":"171 ","pages":"Pages 36-48"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142929321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
On a conjecture of Tokushige for cross-t-intersecting families 关于交叉族的Tokushige猜想
IF 1.2 1区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctb.2024.11.005
Huajun Zhang , Biao Wu
{"title":"On a conjecture of Tokushige for cross-t-intersecting families","authors":"Huajun Zhang ,&nbsp;Biao Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two families of sets <span><math><mi>A</mi></math></span> and <span><math><mi>B</mi></math></span> are called cross-<em>t</em>-intersecting if <span><math><mo>|</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>∩</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>|</mo><mo>≥</mo><mi>t</mi></math></span> for all <span><math><mi>A</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>A</mi></math></span>, <span><math><mi>B</mi><mo>∈</mo><mi>B</mi></math></span>. An active problem in extremal set theory is to determine the maximum product of sizes of cross-<em>t</em>-intersecting families. This incorporates the classical Erdős–Ko–Rado (EKR) problem. In the present paper, we prove that if <span><math><mi>A</mi><mo>⊆</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mtable><mtr><mtd><mrow><mo>[</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>]</mo></mrow></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>k</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> and <span><math><mi>B</mi><mo>⊆</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mtable><mtr><mtd><mrow><mo>[</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>]</mo></mrow></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>k</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span> are cross-<em>t</em>-intersecting with <span><math><mi>k</mi><mo>≥</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>3</mn></math></span> and <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>≥</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></math></span>, then <span><math><mo>|</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>|</mo><mo>|</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>|</mo><mo>≤</mo><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mtable><mtr><mtd><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>t</mi></mrow></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mrow><mi>k</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>t</mi></mrow></mtd></mtr></mtable><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>. Moreover, equality holds if and only if <span><math><mi>A</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>B</mi></math></span> is a maximum <em>t</em>-intersecting subfamily of <span><math><mo>(</mo><mtable><mtr><mtd><mrow><mo>[</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>]</mo></mrow></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>k</mi></mtd></mtr></mtable><mo>)</mo></math></span>. This confirms a conjecture of Tokushige for <span><math><mi>t</mi><mo>≥</mo><mn>3</mn></math></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B","volume":"171 ","pages":"Pages 49-70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142929320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Trees with many leaves in tournaments 锦标赛中树叶繁茂的树木
IF 1.2 1区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctb.2024.10.001
Alistair Benford , Richard Montgomery
{"title":"Trees with many leaves in tournaments","authors":"Alistair Benford ,&nbsp;Richard Montgomery","doi":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sumner's universal tournament conjecture states that every <span><math><mo>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></math></span>-vertex tournament should contain a copy of every <em>n</em>-vertex oriented tree. If we know the number of leaves of an oriented tree, or its maximum degree, can we guarantee a copy of the tree with fewer vertices in the tournament? Due to work initiated by Häggkvist and Thomason (for number of leaves) and Kühn, Mycroft and Osthus (for maximum degree), it is known that improvements can be made over Sumner's conjecture in some cases, and indeed sometimes an <span><math><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>o</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>)</mo></math></span>-vertex tournament may be sufficient.</div><div>In this paper, we give new results on these problems. Specifically, we show<ul><li><span>i)</span><span><div>for every <span><math><mi>α</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></math></span>, there exists <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>∈</mo><mi>N</mi></math></span> such that, whenever <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>⩾</mo><msub><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, every <span><math><mo>(</mo><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mi>α</mi><mo>)</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>-vertex tournament contains a copy of every <em>n</em>-vertex oriented tree with <em>k</em> leaves, and</div></span></li><li><span>ii)</span><span><div>for every <span><math><mi>α</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></math></span>, there exists <span><math><mi>c</mi><mo>&gt;</mo><mn>0</mn></math></span> and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mo>∈</mo><mi>N</mi></math></span> such that, whenever <span><math><mi>n</mi><mo>⩾</mo><msub><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub></math></span>, every <span><math><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mi>α</mi><mo>)</mo><mi>n</mi></math></span>-vertex tournament contains a copy of every <em>n</em>-vertex oriented tree with maximum degree <span><math><mi>Δ</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>T</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>⩽</mo><mi>c</mi><mi>n</mi></math></span>.</div></span></li></ul> Our first result gives an asymptotic form of a conjecture by Havet and Thomassé, while the second improves a result of Mycroft and Naia which applies to trees with polylogarithmic maximum degree.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B","volume":"170 ","pages":"Pages 260-334"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142442896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Counting cycles in planar triangulations 平面三角形中的循环计数
IF 1.2 1区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctb.2024.10.002
On-Hei Solomon Lo , Carol T. Zamfirescu
{"title":"Counting cycles in planar triangulations","authors":"On-Hei Solomon Lo ,&nbsp;Carol T. Zamfirescu","doi":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.10.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the minimum number of cycles of specified lengths in planar <em>n</em>-vertex triangulations <em>G</em>. We prove that this number is <span><math><mi>Ω</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> for any cycle length at most <span><math><mn>3</mn><mo>+</mo><mi>max</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>{</mo><mrow><mi>rad</mi></mrow><mo>(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>⁎</mo></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo><mo>,</mo><mo>⌈</mo><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></mfrac><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>log</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow></msub><mo>⁡</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>⌉</mo><mo>}</mo></math></span>, where <span><math><mrow><mi>rad</mi></mrow><mo>(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>G</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>⁎</mo></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo></math></span> denotes the radius of the triangulation's dual, which is at least logarithmic but can be linear in the order of the triangulation. We also show that there exist planar hamiltonian <em>n</em>-vertex triangulations containing <span><math><mi>O</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> many <em>k</em>-cycles for any <span><math><mi>k</mi><mo>∈</mo><mo>{</mo><mo>⌈</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>−</mo><mroot><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>5</mn></mrow></mroot><mo>⌉</mo><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>}</mo></math></span>. Furthermore, we prove that planar 4-connected <em>n</em>-vertex triangulations contain <span><math><mi>Ω</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> many <em>k</em>-cycles for every <span><math><mi>k</mi><mo>∈</mo><mo>{</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>,</mo><mo>…</mo><mo>,</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>}</mo></math></span>, and that, under certain additional conditions, they contain <span><math><mi>Ω</mi><mo>(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo></math></span> <em>k</em>-cycles for many values of <em>k</em>, including <em>n</em>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B","volume":"170 ","pages":"Pages 335-351"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142586484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Volume rigidity and algebraic shifting 体积刚性和代数移动
IF 1.2 1区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctb.2024.09.002
Denys Bulavka , Eran Nevo , Yuval Peled
{"title":"Volume rigidity and algebraic shifting","authors":"Denys Bulavka ,&nbsp;Eran Nevo ,&nbsp;Yuval Peled","doi":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We study the generic volume-rigidity of <span><math><mo>(</mo><mi>d</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></math></span>-dimensional simplicial complexes in <span><math><msup><mrow><mi>R</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>d</mi><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span>, and show that the volume-rigidity of a complex can be identified in terms of its exterior shifting. In addition, we establish the volume-rigidity of triangulations of several 2-dimensional surfaces and prove that, in all dimensions &gt;1, volume-rigidity is <em>not</em> characterized by a corresponding hypergraph sparsity property.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B","volume":"170 ","pages":"Pages 189-202"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142328092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lift theorems for representations of matroids over pastures 牧场矩阵表征的提升定理
IF 1.2 1区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctb.2024.08.004
Matthew Baker , Oliver Lorscheid
{"title":"Lift theorems for representations of matroids over pastures","authors":"Matthew Baker ,&nbsp;Oliver Lorscheid","doi":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pastures are a class of field-like algebraic objects which include both partial fields and hyperfields and have nice categorical properties. We prove several lift theorems for representations of matroids over pastures, including a generalization of Pendavingh and van Zwam's Lift Theorem for partial fields. By embedding the earlier theory into a more general framework, we are able to establish new results even in the case of lifts of partial fields, for example the conjecture of Pendavingh–van Zwam that their lift construction is idempotent. We give numerous applications to matroid representations, e.g. we show that, up to projective equivalence, every pair consisting of a hexagonal representation and an orientation lifts uniquely to a near-regular representation. The proofs are different from the arguments used by Pendavingh and van Zwam, relying instead on a result of Gelfand–Rybnikov–Stone inspired by Tutte's homotopy theorem.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B","volume":"170 ","pages":"Pages 1-55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142158090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Crux, space constraints and subdivisions 核心、空间限制和分区
IF 1.2 1区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctb.2024.08.005
Seonghyuk Im , Jaehoon Kim , Younjin Kim , Hong Liu
{"title":"Crux, space constraints and subdivisions","authors":"Seonghyuk Im ,&nbsp;Jaehoon Kim ,&nbsp;Younjin Kim ,&nbsp;Hong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>For a given graph <em>H</em>, its subdivisions carry the same topological structure. The existence of <em>H</em>-subdivisions within a graph <em>G</em> has deep connections with topological, structural and extremal properties of <em>G</em>. One prominent example of such a connection, due to Bollobás and Thomason and independently Komlós and Szemerédi, asserts that the average degree of <em>G</em> being <em>d</em> ensures a <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>Ω</mi><mo>(</mo><msqrt><mrow><mi>d</mi></mrow></msqrt><mo>)</mo></mrow></msub></math></span>-subdivision in <em>G</em>. Although this square-root bound is best possible, various results showed that much larger clique subdivisions can be found in a graph for many natural classes. We investigate the connection between crux, a notion capturing the essential order of a graph, and the existence of large clique subdivisions. This reveals the unifying cause underpinning all those improvements for various classes of graphs studied. Roughly speaking, when embedding subdivisions, natural space constraints arise; and such space constraints can be measured via crux.</p><p>Our main result gives an asymptotically optimal bound on the size of a largest clique subdivision in a generic graph <em>G</em>, which is determined by both its average degree and its crux size. As corollaries, we obtain</p><ul><li><span>•</span><span><p>a characterization of extremal graphs for which the square-root bound above is tight: they are essentially disjoint unions of graphs having crux size linear in <em>d</em>;</p></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><p>a unifying approach to find a clique subdivision of almost optimal size in graphs which do not contain a fixed bipartite graph as a subgraph;</p></span></li><li><span>•</span><span><p>and that the clique subdivision size in random graphs <span><math><mi>G</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>p</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span> witnesses a dichotomy: when <span><math><mi>p</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>ω</mi><mo>(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo></math></span>, the barrier is the space, while when <span><math><mi>p</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>o</mi><mo>(</mo><msup><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>/</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup><mo>)</mo></math></span>, the bottleneck is the density.</p></span></li></ul></div>","PeriodicalId":54865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B","volume":"170 ","pages":"Pages 82-127"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142274290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
EPPA numbers of graphs EPPA 图表数量
IF 1.2 1区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctb.2024.09.003
David Bradley-Williams , Peter J. Cameron , Jan Hubička , Matěj Konečný
{"title":"EPPA numbers of graphs","authors":"David Bradley-Williams ,&nbsp;Peter J. Cameron ,&nbsp;Jan Hubička ,&nbsp;Matěj Konečný","doi":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jctb.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>If <em>G</em> is a graph, <em>A</em> and <em>B</em> its induced subgraphs, and <span><math><mi>f</mi><mo>:</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>→</mo><mi>B</mi></math></span> an isomorphism, we say that <em>f</em> is a <em>partial automorphism</em> of <em>G</em>. In 1992, Hrushovski proved that graphs have the <em>extension property for partial automorphisms</em> (<em>EPPA</em>, also called the <em>Hrushovski property</em>), that is, for every finite graph <em>G</em> there is a finite graph <em>H</em>, an <em>EPPA-witness</em> for <em>G</em>, such that <em>G</em> is an induced subgraph of <em>H</em> and every partial automorphism of <em>G</em> extends to an automorphism of <em>H</em>.</div><div>The <em>EPPA number</em> of a graph <em>G</em>, denoted by <span><math><mrow><mi>eppa</mi></mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>)</mo></math></span>, is the smallest number of vertices of an EPPA-witness for <em>G</em>, and we put <span><math><mrow><mi>eppa</mi></mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>max</mi><mo>⁡</mo><mo>{</mo><mrow><mi>eppa</mi></mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>:</mo><mo>|</mo><mi>G</mi><mo>|</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>}</mo></math></span>. In this note we review the state of the area, prove several lower bounds (in particular, we show that <span><math><mrow><mi>eppa</mi></mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>≥</mo><mfrac><mrow><msup><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msup></mrow><mrow><msqrt><mrow><mi>n</mi></mrow></msqrt></mrow></mfrac></math></span>, thereby identifying the correct base of the exponential) and pose many open questions. We also briefly discuss EPPA numbers of hypergraphs, directed graphs, and <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>K</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>k</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>-free graphs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54865,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B","volume":"170 ","pages":"Pages 203-224"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142421461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sufficient conditions for perfect mixed tilings 完美混合倾斜的充分条件
IF 1.2 1区 数学
Journal of Combinatorial Theory Series B Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.jctb.2024.08.007
Eoin Hurley , Felix Joos , Richard Lang
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