Journal of Comparative Psychology最新文献_第3页

Hearing "number"? Relative quantity judgments through the echolocation by bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). 听到 "数字"？瓶鼻海豚（Tursiops truncatus）通过回声定位进行的相对数量判断。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1037/com0000379

Natsuko Sakurai, Masaki Tomonaga

{"title":"Hearing \"number\"? Relative quantity judgments through the echolocation by bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus).","authors":"Natsuko Sakurai, Masaki Tomonaga","doi":"10.1037/com0000379","DOIUrl":"10.1037/com0000379","url":null,"abstract":"Dolphins are known to recognize their environment through echolocation. Previous studies have reported that they can discriminate the shape, size, thickness, and even material of objects through echolocation. However, little is known about the discrimination of quantities other than size and thickness (e.g., the number of objects). It is also unclear whether Weber's law (i.e., ratio dependency) holds for quantity discrimination through echolocation. In this study, we examined relative quantity judgments of visually occluded objects presented underwater by bottlenose dolphins. We found that they could discriminate pairs of same-sized objects ranging from one to eight, with performance improving as the difference ratio between the two numbers increased. In addition, their performance also improved as the magnitude of the number of objects involved increased. An additional test revealed that the accuracy of discrimination through echolocation was comparable to that of visual relative quantity judgments of the objects presented above water. On the other hand, under the condition that the overall size of each object (i.e., the sum of areas) was incongruent with the number of objects, performance was lower than when number and size were covarying. However, even within the incongruent condition, the effect of the number ratio was still observed, suggesting that the dolphins might have used various types of quantity information, such as number and size, flexibly to solve the task. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"214-231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What is it like to hear quantities? Testing dolphins on classic number estimation using a sonar setup. 听到数量是什么感觉？用声纳装置测试海豚对经典数字的估计。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1037/com0000403

Alice Auersperg

引用次数: 0

Cross-modal perception of puppies and adult conspecifics in dogs (Canis familiaris). 狗对幼犬和成年同类的跨模态感知。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1037/com0000385

Yuri Kawaguchi, Zsófia Virányi, Tamás Faragó, Ludwig Huber, Christoph J Völter

{"title":"Cross-modal perception of puppies and adult conspecifics in dogs (Canis familiaris).","authors":"Yuri Kawaguchi, Zsófia Virányi, Tamás Faragó, Ludwig Huber, Christoph J Völter","doi":"10.1037/com0000385","DOIUrl":"10.1037/com0000385","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding conspecifics' age classes is crucial for animals, facilitating adaptive behavioral responses to their social environment. This may include gathering and integrating information through multiple modalities. Using a cross-modal preferential-looking paradigm, we investigated whether dogs possess a cross-modal mental representation of conspecific age classes. In Experiment 1, dogs were presented with images of an adult dog and a puppy projected side by side on a wall while a vocalization of either an adult dog or a puppy was played back simultaneously. To test the effect of relative body size between adult dog and puppy images, two size conditions (natural size and same size) were employed for visual stimuli. We examined dogs' looking behavior in response to cross-modally matched versus mismatched stimuli. We predicted that if dogs have cross-modal representations of age classes, they would exhibit prolonged attention toward matched images compared to mismatched ones. In Experiment 2, we administered the same paradigm within an eye-tracking experiment to further improve the measurement quality of dogs' looking times. However, dogs' looking times in either experiment did not demonstrate significant differences based on the match or mismatch between image and vocalization. Instead, we observed a size effect, indicating dogs' increased attention toward larger adult dog images compared to smaller puppy images. Consequently, we found no evidence of cross-modal representation of age class in dogs. Nonetheless, we found increased looking time and pupil size upon hearing puppy vocalizations compared to adult vocalizations in Experiment 2, suggesting that dogs exhibited heightened arousal when hearing puppy whining. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"246-258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differences in paradoxical choice between pigeons (Columba livia) and rats (Rattus norvegicus): The problem of cue trackability. 鸽子（Columba livia）和大鼠（Rattus norvegicus）之间矛盾选择的差异：线索的可追踪性问题。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1037/com0000386

Patrick Anselme, Aaron P Blaisdell

{"title":"Differences in paradoxical choice between pigeons (Columba livia) and rats (Rattus norvegicus): The problem of cue trackability.","authors":"Patrick Anselme, Aaron P Blaisdell","doi":"10.1037/com0000386","DOIUrl":"10.1037/com0000386","url":null,"abstract":"Organisms are believed to attempt to maximize their net energy intake while foraging. The paradoxical choice task shows that they may instead prefer to obtain information rather than primary reward when the outcome is uncertain. That is, they prefer stimuli that consistently predict food or no food (informative option), to stimuli that inconsistently predict both food and no food in larger amounts (noninformative option). This task also seems to indicate that some species (like pigeons, Columba livia, and starlings, Sturnus vulgaris) are more prone to choose the informative option, while other species (like rats, Rattus norvegicus, and humans, Homo sapiens) tend to favor reward procurement through the noninformative option. There is empirical evidence for and against this view. However, an analysis of the literature suggests that species differences in paradoxical choice might be less pronounced than often believed. We argue that pigeons and rats are usually not tested under conditions that are motivationally equivalent for both species-in particular, the opportunities to track consistent stimulus-food pairings are less often met in the rat studies than in the pigeon studies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"276-288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140946463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serial pattern learning: Pigeons (Columba livia) prefer an improving schedule over an initially easier fixed ratio schedule. 连续模式学习：鸽子（Columba livia）更喜欢改进的时间表，而不是最初更容易的固定比例时间表。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1037/com0000383

Miri Ifraimov, Daniel N Peng, Thomas R Zentall

{"title":"Serial pattern learning: Pigeons (Columba livia) prefer an improving schedule over an initially easier fixed ratio schedule.","authors":"Miri Ifraimov, Daniel N Peng, Thomas R Zentall","doi":"10.1037/com0000383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/com0000383","url":null,"abstract":"Serial pattern learning describes behavior in which a subject anticipates not only the time and effort needed for the next reinforcer but also the pattern of time and effort to reinforcers after the first. Chandel et al. (2021) found that pigeons left a progressive (increasing ratio) schedule earlier than would have been optimal. They argued that the pigeons anticipated the harder-to-obtain reinforcers beyond the next one. In the present experiments, pigeons were trained on a progressive schedule for which each reinforcer was successively easier to obtain. However, the initial choice was between a fixed ratio schedule (FR23) for which a reinforcer was easier to obtain than the first reinforcer on the improving progressive schedule (32 pecks). Delayed discounting theory suggests that the pigeons would prefer the FR23 because more immediate reinforcers should be preferred, whereas serial pattern learning suggests that the progressive schedule might be preferred because easier-to-obtain reinforcers would follow the initially harder 32 pecks. In Experiment 1, a preference for the fixed ratio schedule was not found, however, in Experiment 2, when the two alternatives were equated for the number of reinforcers that could be obtained on each trial, a significant preference for the improving progressive schedule was found. The results of Experiment 2 were consistent with the serial pattern learning hypothesis. The pigeons did not choose the more immediate reinforcer associated with fixed ratio alternative. Rather, they showed a preference for the improving progressive schedule for which later reinforcers would be easier to obtain. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":"138 4","pages":"232-238"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142830846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Putting the best foot forward: Limb lateralization in the Goffin's cockatoo (Cacatua goffiniana). 把最好的一面展现出来戈芬凤头鹦鹉（Cacatua goffiniana）的肢体侧化。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1037/com0000393

Jennifer A D Colbourne, Léo Hanon, Irene M Pepperberg, Alice M I Auersperg

{"title":"Putting the best foot forward: Limb lateralization in the Goffin's cockatoo (Cacatua goffiniana).","authors":"Jennifer A D Colbourne, Léo Hanon, Irene M Pepperberg, Alice M I Auersperg","doi":"10.1037/com0000393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/com0000393","url":null,"abstract":"Many parrot species exhibit a high degree of limb lateralization on both the individual and species levels. In particular, the members of the cockatoo family are left-footed for food-holding at proportions reminiscent of right-handedness in humans. Here, we examine the limb lateralization of the Goffin's cockatoo (Cacatua goffiniana), a tool-using and technically proficient species used as a model of parrot cognition. First, we investigated the postural origins theory, originally proposed in primates to explain handedness. According to this theory, the hand that was used by ancestral primates to cling to trees developed finer motor control. Using a series of problem-solving tasks, we tested the possibility that the parrot's postural foot, which is similarly used to grasp tree branches, could be more motorically skilled. Although we did not find support for this idea, we did discover that task type does affect foot use, as subjects switched from using their food-holding dominant foot to their other foot during reaching tasks. We also found that the cockatoos more flexibly switched and used both feet when faced with more challenging tasks. Secondly, we attempted a partial replication of a previous study with parrots derived from the enhanced cognition hypothesis, which claimed that more lateralized individuals were better problem solvers. However, we did not find this relationship to be significant in any of our tasks. We did confirm that individual Goffin's cockatoos are extremely limb lateralized for food-holding in addition to other tasks, which may play a role in their approaches to problem-solving. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Guatemalan beaded lizards (Helodermatidae: Heloderma charlesbogerti) navigate and follow a scent trail in maze tasks. 危地马拉串珠蜥蜴（皮蜥科：Heloderma charlesbogerti）在迷宫任务中导航并追随气味线索。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1037/com0000394

Elizabeth L Haseltine, Maisy D Englund, James L Weed, Michael J Beran, Hollyn Tao, Sarah Paschal, Joseph R Mendelson

{"title":"Guatemalan beaded lizards (Helodermatidae: Heloderma charlesbogerti) navigate and follow a scent trail in maze tasks.","authors":"Elizabeth L Haseltine, Maisy D Englund, James L Weed, Michael J Beran, Hollyn Tao, Sarah Paschal, Joseph R Mendelson","doi":"10.1037/com0000394","DOIUrl":"10.1037/com0000394","url":null,"abstract":"Maze studies have provided substantial information about nonhuman cognition, such as insights on navigational strategies, spatial memory, and choice discriminations. This knowledge can aid in how we understand the foraging strategies of many animals, particularly understudied and endangered species, such as the Guatemalan beaded lizard (Heloderma charlesbogerti). These actively foraging lizards rely on chemoreception to locate prey, but it is unknown to what extent they engage in olfaction and vomerolfaction to hunt and navigate their environment. We investigated how Guatemalan beaded lizards moved through a physical maze. When navigating an eight-arm radial maze with all arms baited, lizards tended to turn into the immediately adjacent arm in a single direction, similar to other reptiles that have been tested in radial arm mazes. In a T-maze, the lizards had to discriminate between arms that contained scent and no-scent from a distance. They were generally unable to choose the baited (correct) arm at levels greater than chance, indicating an inability for this discrimination. With the addition of a scent trail, however, all lizards chose the baited arm at levels significantly above chance, and this increased accuracy was correlated with increased latency to make the arm choice. The lizards also demonstrated a decreased rate of tongue flicking as proximity to reward increased. Guatemalan beaded lizards can efficiently navigate a radial arm maze and can successfully use vomerolfaction with substrate-borne cues to locate prey, but they appear to have minimal olfaction abilities when sensing from a distance. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Contrafreeloading in umbrella cockatoos (Cacatua alba): Further evaluation of the play hypothesis. 伞形凤头鹦鹉（Cacatua alba）的同类性行为：游戏假说的进一步评估。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1037/com0000395

Alana Carroll, Irene M Pepperberg

{"title":"Contrafreeloading in umbrella cockatoos (Cacatua alba): Further evaluation of the play hypothesis.","authors":"Alana Carroll, Irene M Pepperberg","doi":"10.1037/com0000395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/com0000395","url":null,"abstract":"Contrafreeloading is defined as choosing to perform work to obtain a reward, despite the presence of an identical, freely available alternative. According to standard learning and optimal foraging theories, it should not exist. Thus, any evidence of such behavior is noteworthy. We briefly review the recently introduced play hypothesis, which proposes that contrafreeloading is more likely if the action involved is viewed as play rather than work (i.e., agreeable rather than aversive). One might consequently expect species that are relatively more playful to be more likely to engage in contrafreeloading. We evaluated this possibility by testing purportedly playful umbrella cockatoos (Cacatua alba); we studied four residents of a bird sanctuary in upstate New York (Dudley, JJ, Poly, and Teddy Bear). The task involved choosing between shelled and deshelled almonds; the former choice constituting evidence of contrafreeloading. We documented contrafreeloading in a novel species and then compared our results with previously published data on the reportedly less playful Grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus). Individually, a higher percentage of cockatoos engaged in contrafreeloading on more than half the trials than did the Greys, with statistically similar levels of individual variation, but the overall amount of contrafreeloading was not statistically significantly different between the species at a group level. We discuss possible reasons for these findings. Additionally, we examine similarities in the behavioral expression of play and contrafreeloading. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Responses to prey chemical cues in wild-caught, adult gopher snakes (Pituophis catenifer). 野生捕获的成年地鼠蛇（Pituophis catenifer）对猎物化学线索的反应。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1037/com0000397

Mark A Krause, Caleb Koharchik, Lucas Staples

{"title":"Responses to prey chemical cues in wild-caught, adult gopher snakes (Pituophis catenifer).","authors":"Mark A Krause, Caleb Koharchik, Lucas Staples","doi":"10.1037/com0000397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/com0000397","url":null,"abstract":"Surface chemical cues from prey elicit elevated levels of tongue-flicking and striking behavior in many species of snakes and lizards. These responses are mediated by the vomeronasal system, and they may even occur in the absence of other sensory cues. How individuals of a species respond to prey chemical cues can reflect developmental, ecological, and evolutionary processes. Our focus in this study was ecologically based, and involved testing whether levels of chemosensory responding reflect the putative relative intake of prey types in nature. We tested 11 wild-caught adult gopher snakes (Pituophis catenifer) for their chemosensory responses, namely tongue flicking, in response to surface chemicals of natural prey items (rodent and bird) and to two control stimuli (distilled water and hexane). On average the snakes had significantly higher rates of tongue flicking toward prey cues than to control stimuli (p = .001). Responses to rodent and bird surface chemicals did not significantly differ from each other (p = .35). Tongue-flick responses to rodent surface chemicals were significantly higher than to both water and hexane (ps < .01), while responses to bird surface chemicals were significantly higher than to water (p < .05) but not to hexane (p = .12). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Implementation of automated cognitive testing systems for socially housed rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and squirrel (Saimiri spp.) monkeys: Age differences in learning. 为社会饲养的恒河猴（Macaca mulatta）和松鼠猴（Saimiri spp.）实施自动化认知测试系统：学习中的年龄差异

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1037/com0000391

Michele M Mulholland, Will Whitham, Michael Berkey, Lisa M Pytka, Peter Pierre, William D Hopkins

{"title":"Implementation of automated cognitive testing systems for socially housed rhesus (Macaca mulatta) and squirrel (Saimiri spp.) monkeys: Age differences in learning.","authors":"Michele M Mulholland, Will Whitham, Michael Berkey, Lisa M Pytka, Peter Pierre, William D Hopkins","doi":"10.1037/com0000391","DOIUrl":"10.1037/com0000391","url":null,"abstract":"Utilizing Automated Cognitive Testing Systems (ACTS) with group-housed nonhuman primates offers a number of advantages over manual testing and computerized testing of singly housed subjects. To date, ACTS usage has been limited to great apes or African monkeys. Here, we detail what we have learned while implementing ACTS with socially housed squirrel monkeys and rhesus macaques and provide information about the training process. In addition, we examined the effects of age on learning acquisition. We found age differences in learning for both squirrel monkeys and rhesus monkeys. Older monkeys were not as proficient as younger monkeys on learning to use the touch screens (squirrel monkeys only), discrimination learning (rhesus monkeys only; note: squirrel monkeys were not trained to criterion on this task), and recognition learning (both species). Overall, ACTS provide a number of advantages for studying cognition in socially living nonhuman primates and can be used to further investigate cognitive decline whether related to natural aging processes or disease pathology. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890186/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0