Journal of Comparative Psychology最新文献_第4页

Melodic and harmonic chromatic interval processing by pigeons (Columba livia). 鸽子（Columba livia）处理旋律和和声的半音音程。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1037/com0000388

Robert G Cook

{"title":"Melodic and harmonic chromatic interval processing by pigeons (Columba livia).","authors":"Robert G Cook","doi":"10.1037/com0000388","DOIUrl":"10.1037/com0000388","url":null,"abstract":"Music is a ubiquitous feature of human behavior. Yet the origins of human musicality remain poorly understood. One attractive approach has investigated the distribution and components of musicality among nonhuman animals. Here I tested four highly trained pigeons in three experiments for their capacity to discriminate the intervals of the chromatic scale. Using an auditory go/no-go same/different task, the pigeons discriminated intervals spanning different numbers of semitones on each trial as synthesized with two musical instruments (cello and organ). Experiment 1 examined this discrimination using a successive melodic context, while Experiment 2 used a simultaneous harmonic context. Experiment 3 tested pure tones in both contexts. The pigeons were sensitive to the distance among the pitch intervals, but examination of specific diagnostic intervals revealed little evidence for any contribution of human-like musical consonance (perfect fifth and octave) and dissonance (tritone and major seventh) to the discrimination. Although more accomplished in the auditory modality than widely assumed, the current state of the evidence suggests pigeons, while sensitive to the pitched nature of sound, lack essential capacities needed for music perception. The evolutionary implications for the comparative psychology of music are considered. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":"139 1","pages":"42-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Form over function: Striped skunks (mephitis mephitis) learn arbitrary visual patterns to solve the slat-pulling task. 形式重于功能：条纹臭鼬（mephitis mephitis）学习任意的视觉模式来解决拉板条的任务。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1037/com0000384

Zoe Johnson-Ulrich, Eric Hoffmaster, Audrey Robeson, Jennifer Vonk

{"title":"Form over function: Striped skunks (mephitis mephitis) learn arbitrary visual patterns to solve the slat-pulling task.","authors":"Zoe Johnson-Ulrich, Eric Hoffmaster, Audrey Robeson, Jennifer Vonk","doi":"10.1037/com0000384","DOIUrl":"10.1037/com0000384","url":null,"abstract":"Striped skunks are omnivorous generalists with patchily distributed food-two selection pressures that are purported to drive the evolution of cognition. Despite this, the cognitive abilities of skunks have rarely been tested. Using the slat-pulling task, we assessed the ability of three striped skunks to reason about the visual patterns of support when two slats were presented (one supporting a food item). We used both functional slats (real wooden slats that gave subjects both visual and functional information when manipulated) and purely representational slats in an arbitrary version of the task (painted lines that provided only visual information). All three skunks found the arbitrary task difficult to learn but nevertheless learned to solve it after thousands of trials. They appeared to respond to visual patterns of contact and perceptual containment between food and painted lines to solve several configurations of the task. Interestingly, only one of three skunks learned to pull supportive over unsupportive slats (despite the addition of functional information). This subject had first learned the visual pattern associated with reward in the arbitrary version, thus showing the transfer of visual patterns from the arbitrary to the functional task. Overall, striped skunks demonstrated the ability to use visual patterns to solve problems despite their relatively poor vision and difficulty in learning the tasks. These findings provide further support for the idea that slat-pulling tasks can be solved by visual pattern learning alone and that this possibility needs to be controlled for in tasks assessing abstract causal reasoning. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":"139 1","pages":"55-68"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The impact of training method on odor learning and generalization in dogs (Canis lupus familiaris). 训练方法对狗（Canis lupus familiaris）气味学习和泛化的影响。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1037/com0000390

Lyn Caldicott, Thomas W Pike, Helen E Zulch, Victoria F Ratcliffe, Anna Wilkinson

{"title":"The impact of training method on odor learning and generalization in dogs (Canis lupus familiaris).","authors":"Lyn Caldicott, Thomas W Pike, Helen E Zulch, Victoria F Ratcliffe, Anna Wilkinson","doi":"10.1037/com0000390","DOIUrl":"10.1037/com0000390","url":null,"abstract":"Detection dogs are required to learn and alert to multiple different odors during training and to generalize this learning to similar odors when working. They should be both sensitive to variation in the target odors and specific enough to avoid false alerts, but how readily they achieve this is likely to depend on the training method employed. The majority of agencies train by presenting single target odors in isolation, and adding additional odors consecutively, although recent research with rats suggests intermixing the target odors concurrently throughout training may be a more effective approach. This study therefore tested the relative efficacy of intermixed training in dogs. Using an odor-detection lineup, pet dogs were trained to detect two target odors, A and B. Those allocated to the \"sequential\" group were trained to criterion on odor A and then trained on odor B (or vice versa), the \"compound\" group were trained on a mixture of AB, and the \"intermixed\" group trained on A and B concurrently. Each dog was then tested on all combinations of the test stimuli (A, B, and AB), as well as combinations containing a novel interferent (AC, BC, and ABC). Results revealed that dogs trained by the intermixed method made significantly more correct (true positive) indications, and significantly fewer miss (false negative) indications than the other two methods, suggesting that intermixed training is more effective than currently used alternative training methods. Thus, for improved performance and generalization, we recommend detection dog training should use an intermixed method of training. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"3-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Together again but no need to play: Dissociating effects of isolation and separation on social interaction in female rats (Rattus norvegicus). 又在一起了，但没必要玩：隔离和分离对雌性大鼠（Rattus norvegicus）社会互动的分离效应。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-09 DOI: 10.1037/com0000382

Noah Steckley, Amber Thatcher, Susan M Greene, Heather Warner, Kendra Kuehn, Nathan Insel

引用次数: 0

One smell, two smells, intermixed, combined, or queued smells: What training procedure promotes the best generalization of odor detection by dogs? 一种气味，两种气味，混合气味，组合气味，或排队气味：什么样的训练程序可以促进狗的气味检测的最佳泛化？

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1037/com0000413

Michael J Beran

引用次数: 0

Beyond the information (not) given: Associative mechanisms versus representations of uncertainty in extinction in laboratory rats (Rattus norvegicus). 超越（未）给出的信息：实验鼠（Rattus norvegicus）消退过程中的联想机制与不确定性表征。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-11 DOI: 10.1037/com0000380

Patricia Gasalla, Jaime Figueroa, Michael R Waldmann, Dominic M Dwyer

{"title":"Beyond the information (not) given: Associative mechanisms versus representations of uncertainty in extinction in laboratory rats (Rattus norvegicus).","authors":"Patricia Gasalla, Jaime Figueroa, Michael R Waldmann, Dominic M Dwyer","doi":"10.1037/com0000380","DOIUrl":"10.1037/com0000380","url":null,"abstract":"Associative learning models typically reflect statistical relationships between experienced events. Causal models can go beyond this information to specify the ways in which events are related. This meta-representational aspect of causal models allows them to reflect uncertainty about relationships between events: for example, if a light initially leads to sucrose but subsequently the light is experienced without sucrose, this might first support formation of a light-causes-sucrose model and subsequently lead to uncertainty over whether the model remained accurate. Prior studies of Pavlovian conditioning in rats manipulated sucrose-magazine access during extinction to produce uncertainty about reward presence or absence. Rats were sensitive to covering of the site of reward delivery, which was interpreted as evidence for a causal-model account reflecting uncertainty. However, associative accounts-based on the direct impact of the dipper mechanism used to deliver sucrose through secondary reinforcement or contextual renewal of responding-can also explain the results. In two new experiments, manipulation of the dipper mechanism through extinction and test phases resulted in behavior consistent with these associative accounts. However, demonstration of the importance of the sucrose dipper suggests that the reward delivery mechanism should be included in a causal model. Such a revised causal model also provides an account of the impact of manipulating the sucrose dipper. While these experiments do not conclusively decide between associative and causal models as explanations of rodent behavior, they do illustrate the value of incremental experimental study and the importance of methodological detail in addressing questions of comparative cognition. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"69-79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hearing "number"? Relative quantity judgments through the echolocation by bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). 听到 "数字"？瓶鼻海豚（Tursiops truncatus）通过回声定位进行的相对数量判断。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1037/com0000379

Natsuko Sakurai, Masaki Tomonaga

{"title":"Hearing \"number\"? Relative quantity judgments through the echolocation by bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus).","authors":"Natsuko Sakurai, Masaki Tomonaga","doi":"10.1037/com0000379","DOIUrl":"10.1037/com0000379","url":null,"abstract":"Dolphins are known to recognize their environment through echolocation. Previous studies have reported that they can discriminate the shape, size, thickness, and even material of objects through echolocation. However, little is known about the discrimination of quantities other than size and thickness (e.g., the number of objects). It is also unclear whether Weber's law (i.e., ratio dependency) holds for quantity discrimination through echolocation. In this study, we examined relative quantity judgments of visually occluded objects presented underwater by bottlenose dolphins. We found that they could discriminate pairs of same-sized objects ranging from one to eight, with performance improving as the difference ratio between the two numbers increased. In addition, their performance also improved as the magnitude of the number of objects involved increased. An additional test revealed that the accuracy of discrimination through echolocation was comparable to that of visual relative quantity judgments of the objects presented above water. On the other hand, under the condition that the overall size of each object (i.e., the sum of areas) was incongruent with the number of objects, performance was lower than when number and size were covarying. However, even within the incongruent condition, the effect of the number ratio was still observed, suggesting that the dolphins might have used various types of quantity information, such as number and size, flexibly to solve the task. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"214-231"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142606989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What is it like to hear quantities? Testing dolphins on classic number estimation using a sonar setup. 听到数量是什么感觉？用声纳装置测试海豚对经典数字的估计。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1037/com0000403

Alice Auersperg

引用次数: 0

Cross-modal perception of puppies and adult conspecifics in dogs (Canis familiaris). 狗对幼犬和成年同类的跨模态感知。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-19 DOI: 10.1037/com0000385

Yuri Kawaguchi, Zsófia Virányi, Tamás Faragó, Ludwig Huber, Christoph J Völter

{"title":"Cross-modal perception of puppies and adult conspecifics in dogs (Canis familiaris).","authors":"Yuri Kawaguchi, Zsófia Virányi, Tamás Faragó, Ludwig Huber, Christoph J Völter","doi":"10.1037/com0000385","DOIUrl":"10.1037/com0000385","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding conspecifics' age classes is crucial for animals, facilitating adaptive behavioral responses to their social environment. This may include gathering and integrating information through multiple modalities. Using a cross-modal preferential-looking paradigm, we investigated whether dogs possess a cross-modal mental representation of conspecific age classes. In Experiment 1, dogs were presented with images of an adult dog and a puppy projected side by side on a wall while a vocalization of either an adult dog or a puppy was played back simultaneously. To test the effect of relative body size between adult dog and puppy images, two size conditions (natural size and same size) were employed for visual stimuli. We examined dogs' looking behavior in response to cross-modally matched versus mismatched stimuli. We predicted that if dogs have cross-modal representations of age classes, they would exhibit prolonged attention toward matched images compared to mismatched ones. In Experiment 2, we administered the same paradigm within an eye-tracking experiment to further improve the measurement quality of dogs' looking times. However, dogs' looking times in either experiment did not demonstrate significant differences based on the match or mismatch between image and vocalization. Instead, we observed a size effect, indicating dogs' increased attention toward larger adult dog images compared to smaller puppy images. Consequently, we found no evidence of cross-modal representation of age class in dogs. Nonetheless, we found increased looking time and pupil size upon hearing puppy vocalizations compared to adult vocalizations in Experiment 2, suggesting that dogs exhibited heightened arousal when hearing puppy whining. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"246-258"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Differences in paradoxical choice between pigeons (Columba livia) and rats (Rattus norvegicus): The problem of cue trackability. 鸽子（Columba livia）和大鼠（Rattus norvegicus）之间矛盾选择的差异：线索的可追踪性问题。

IF 1.1 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-16 DOI: 10.1037/com0000386

Patrick Anselme, Aaron P Blaisdell

{"title":"Differences in paradoxical choice between pigeons (Columba livia) and rats (Rattus norvegicus): The problem of cue trackability.","authors":"Patrick Anselme, Aaron P Blaisdell","doi":"10.1037/com0000386","DOIUrl":"10.1037/com0000386","url":null,"abstract":"Organisms are believed to attempt to maximize their net energy intake while foraging. The paradoxical choice task shows that they may instead prefer to obtain information rather than primary reward when the outcome is uncertain. That is, they prefer stimuli that consistently predict food or no food (informative option), to stimuli that inconsistently predict both food and no food in larger amounts (noninformative option). This task also seems to indicate that some species (like pigeons, Columba livia, and starlings, Sturnus vulgaris) are more prone to choose the informative option, while other species (like rats, Rattus norvegicus, and humans, Homo sapiens) tend to favor reward procurement through the noninformative option. There is empirical evidence for and against this view. However, an analysis of the literature suggests that species differences in paradoxical choice might be less pronounced than often believed. We argue that pigeons and rats are usually not tested under conditions that are motivationally equivalent for both species-in particular, the opportunities to track consistent stimulus-food pairings are less often met in the rat studies than in the pigeon studies. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"276-288"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140946463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0