Journal of Comparative Psychology最新文献

Risk sensitivity in female beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas). 雌性白鲸的风险敏感性。

IF 0.9 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2026-04-09 DOI: 10.1037/com0000445

Matthew H Babb, Katherine L Flammer, Christina Spilker, Kelsey Ford, Elizabeth Sadtler, Elizabeth D'Ambra, Sarah F Brosnan

{"title":"Risk sensitivity in female beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas).","authors":"Matthew H Babb, Katherine L Flammer, Christina Spilker, Kelsey Ford, Elizabeth Sadtler, Elizabeth D'Ambra, Sarah F Brosnan","doi":"10.1037/com0000445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/com0000445","url":null,"abstract":"The world is full of uncertainty, often requiring decisions that involve unknown outcomes. Responses to uncertainty, or risk, have been widely studied, revealing both species-level and individual differences. Risk studies have focused on a few key species, so to increase taxon diversity, we investigated the risk sensitivity of four female beluga whales (Delphinapterus leucas) living under human care. We presented them with two options that had identical mean value but differed in their respective variability. The safe option provided four fish every time it was selected, and the risky option provided either zero or eight fish with equal probability. Belugas' preferences varied, with two whales preferring the safe option and two whales preferring the risky option. Testing across morning and afternoon sessions revealed that satiation, assumed to be higher in the afternoon due to feeding schedules, exacerbated existing tendencies toward the safe option in two whales, but did not change any of the belugas' overall preferences. In addition, whales maintained their preferences irrespective of what they had received on the previous trial. Therefore, within individuals, neither short (previous trial) nor longer (time of day) term contexts influenced individuals' preferences, suggesting that these differences were stable. Our results emphasize the importance of considering individual differences in animal decision-making. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147647488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cross-cultural and cross-species comparisons of mutual gaze and infant emotion: Challenging Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) and Barren, Institutional, Zoo, And other Rare Rearing Environments (BIZARRE) assumptions. 相互凝视和婴儿情感的跨文化和跨物种比较：挑战西方的、受过教育的、工业化的、富裕的和民主的（WEIRD）和贫瘠的、制度的、动物园的和其他罕见的养育环境（BIZARRE）假设。

IF 0.9 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2026-03-16 DOI: 10.1037/com0000444

Tayla Jaddi, Takeshi Kishimoto, Kim A Bard

{"title":"Cross-cultural and cross-species comparisons of mutual gaze and infant emotion: Challenging Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic (WEIRD) and Barren, Institutional, Zoo, And other Rare Rearing Environments (BIZARRE) assumptions.","authors":"Tayla Jaddi, Takeshi Kishimoto, Kim A Bard","doi":"10.1037/com0000444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/com0000444","url":null,"abstract":"In this study of mutual gaze (MG) and emotion, using multiple groups of chimpanzee infants to compare with multiple groups of human infants, we provide a methodology to assess two deeply rooted assumptions: (1) Psychological outcomes in chimpanzees are uninfluenced by socioecological conditions, and (2) samples from humans living in Western, middle-class family settings are adequate representatives of humankind. Even though MG is widely viewed as foundational for social cognition, and gaze becomes coordinated with emotion around 1 year of age, these topics have rarely been studied in 1-year-old chimpanzees. We studied four diverse chimpanzee groups-that is, 1-year-old infants living at Chester Zoo (n = 4), in Gombe National Park (n = 12), at the Primate Research Institute (n = 3), and in a human home (n = 2)-and compared them with three diverse groups of human 1-year-olds: urban-UK (n = 8), subsistence farming-Nso (n = 12), and foraging-Aka (n = 10). MG occurred 22% of the time and did not differ across groups or species. We found no species differences in any infant Emotion or in any MG-Emotion co-occurrence pattern. In three of five types of MG-Emotion co-occurrence, the Primate Research Institute chimpanzee infants differed from at least one of the other chimpanzee groups (we reject Assumption 1), and the UK infants differed from at least one of the other human groups (we reject Assumption 2). We conclude there are meaningful influences of socioecology on the functions of some social cognition outcomes, and, thus, it is necessary to sample multiple diverse groups to detect true species differences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147476521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Changes in exploratory behavior in male Lister-Hooded rats in early and late adulthood. 成年早期和晚期雄性李斯特兜帽大鼠探索行为的变化。

IF 0.9 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2026-03-12 DOI: 10.1037/com0000442

Klaudia Modlinska, Anna Chrzanowska, Katarzyna Goncikowska, Wojciech Pisula

{"title":"Changes in exploratory behavior in male Lister-Hooded rats in early and late adulthood.","authors":"Klaudia Modlinska, Anna Chrzanowska, Katarzyna Goncikowska, Wojciech Pisula","doi":"10.1037/com0000442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/com0000442","url":null,"abstract":"Exploration encompasses a range of behaviors aimed at gathering information about the environment, which is then encoded and stored in memory. Memory processes support exploration by retaining past experiences, facilitating habituation to novelty, and aiding in the formation and updating of cognitive maps. As aging often leads to changes in memory function, we expected these changes to be detected by analyzing exploratory behaviors. In our experiment, we investigated the behavior of male rats at 2 and 9 months of age. We found that young rats reacted to novel objects with greater intensity and spent more time in the zone where change was introduced. In addition, they moved between the zones more frequently than the older ones. There were no differences in habituation rate, and the reaction to novelty was typical for both ages. However, older rats exhibited higher grooming levels and spent more time in the starting box. The results indicate that basic memory functions are not impaired in older rats, but the level of emotional reactions is slightly elevated compared with measures taken at a young age, which may influence their performance and lead to decreased exploratory behavior. Our findings also suggest that the rats can retain memory traces of events that occurred months earlier and show familiarity with the experimental environment. Our research indicates that behavioral changes associated with memory decline in older individuals may be linked to alterations in emotional regulation. These changes appear to have a neurobiological foundation centered on the hippocampus, where distinct regions process anxiety responses alongside memory functions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147445947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inside the parrot beak-and-tongue apparatus: Unlocking a model system for dexterity research. 鹦鹉喙舌器官内部：为灵巧性研究解锁模型系统。

IF 0.9 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2026-02-23 DOI: 10.1037/com0000440

Özge Nasa, Alice A M I Auersperg

引用次数: 0

The state and expectations of interrater reliability in nonhuman personality research. 非人类人格研究中解读者信度的现状与期望。

IF 0.9 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1037/com0000439

Alexander J Pritchard

{"title":"The state and expectations of interrater reliability in nonhuman personality research.","authors":"Alexander J Pritchard","doi":"10.1037/com0000439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/com0000439","url":null,"abstract":"Establishing interobserver reliability is a key step for asserting concordance in personality ratings. Yet, typical measures of reliability-such as intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs)-are not just reflective of whether raters agree on subject variation. Rather, ICC estimates can be influenced by a multitude of data qualities such that high reliability need not demonstrate validity. I explored what our expectations are for ICCs based on the state of published studies' estimates and based on simulations built upon the typical properties of Likert ratings used for nonhuman assessments. I relied on the nonhuman primate personality literature, assembling ICC(3, 1) estimates from 34 publications. I conducted Bayesian meta-analyses, which demonstrate that ICC(3, 1) estimates showed a posterior estimate of 0.31, but that items exhibited high variability. This variability showed concordance with the underlying traits and dimensions, as well as taxonomic distinctions. Simulations, however, demonstrated the complexities of using ICC estimates as a measure of reliability. Furthermore, the simulations showed that neat threshold cutoffs are of poor utility without consideration of the properties of the data and system, namely, the number of raters and subjects, as well as distributions of the item scores. I provide recommendations based on expectations of these data. Nonhuman primate ICC estimates show reasonable values relative to expectations of reasonable true subject variation, in line with repeatability estimations from behavior, physiology, and expectations from human individual differences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146168195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Species-dependent gazing behavior of emotional facial expressions in dogs (Canis familiaris) and adult humans (Homo sapiens). 狗（Canis familiaris）和成年人类（Homo sapiens）情绪性面部表情的物种依赖凝视行为。

IF 0.9 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1037/com0000433

Heini Törnqvist, Gray S Atherton, Liam Cross, Sanni Somppi, Jarkko Hautala, Miiamaaria V Kujala

{"title":"Species-dependent gazing behavior of emotional facial expressions in dogs (Canis familiaris) and adult humans (Homo sapiens).","authors":"Heini Törnqvist, Gray S Atherton, Liam Cross, Sanni Somppi, Jarkko Hautala, Miiamaaria V Kujala","doi":"10.1037/com0000433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/com0000433","url":null,"abstract":"Emotional expressions play an important part in social communication of dogs and humans, but comparative studies between dogs and humans are rare. In addition, little is known about how emotions are perceived across species and how attention is divided among different parts of faces. Here, we compared the gazing behavior of dogs and adult humans toward emotional dog and human facial expressions. Dogs mostly gazed at the eye and nose areas, whereas the humans' focus also included the mouth area. The gazing behavior of both species was affected by the facial expressions and species presented, and they gazed at emotional more than neutral stimuli. Dogs and humans demonstrated attentional bias toward angry and happy eyes of their own species, which highlights the ecological salience of the species and the importance of eyes in reading conspecifics' emotional expressions. For both species, mouths of aggressive dogs were gazed at more than those of angry humans, whereas mouths of happy humans were gazed at more than happy dog mouths. Thus, the mouth area provides important emotional cues for recognizing emotions across species, suggesting the ecological salience of facial expressions connecting to the subcortical visual pathway across mammalian species. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Is it weird in here and does comparative cognition suffer from main-character syndrome? 这里是不是很奇怪，比较认知是否患有主角综合症？

IF 0.9 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 DOI: 10.1037/com0000443

Michael J Beran

{"title":"Is it weird in here and does comparative cognition suffer from main-character syndrome?","authors":"Michael J Beran","doi":"10.1037/com0000443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/com0000443","url":null,"abstract":"Comparative cognition can make itself more relevant to those who care largely (or entirely) about humans by making itself less WEIRD and less focused on humans. That feels nonintuitive, I know, but psychology has long wanted to find itself at the table with the so-called \"hard\" sciences, and those sciences have already addressed their WEIRDness largely because they have not wanted humans to be the main character in their story. This cannot be the goal for psychological science to take humans out of it entirely, or should it be. However, there is a fertile middle ground between humans always being the central character and instead sometimes being a \"supporting\" character in proper comparative perspective or perhaps in some cases not being a character at all (e.g., for some evolutionary questions in which humans are too distantly related to be relevant to the study of certain phylogenetic or mechanistic questions of closely related species). This approach can facilitate greater appreciation for the need to study cognition across cultures and across species (as well as other potential sentient entities such as those emerging in artificial intelligence). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":"140 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147625015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does comparative cognition have a WEIRD problem? 比较认知有怪异问题吗？

IF 0.9 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1037/com0000423

Kristin Andrews, Susana Monsó

引用次数: 0

Beware of my face: The role of facial configuration in predator recognition. 小心我的脸：面部结构在捕食者识别中的作用。

IF 0.9 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-04-14 DOI: 10.1037/com0000417

Kateřina Motýlová, Ondřej Fišer, Petr Veselý, Michaela Syrová, Roman Fuchs

{"title":"Beware of my face: The role of facial configuration in predator recognition.","authors":"Kateřina Motýlová, Ondřej Fišer, Petr Veselý, Michaela Syrová, Roman Fuchs","doi":"10.1037/com0000417","DOIUrl":"10.1037/com0000417","url":null,"abstract":"The composite perception of individual elements and their configurations on the face during its recognition, so-called holistic processing, has been demonstrated in humans and some animals. However, it is unknown whether similar processes apply, at least to some extent, to the recognition of ecologically relevant stimuli by birds. The important role of facial elements (hooked beak and conspicuous eye color) in recognizing avian predators has been repeatedly demonstrated. However, no attention has yet been paid to the importance of their configuration (i.e., the mutual position of the eyes and beak). We tested the ability of untrained wild great tits to recognize a dangerous predator with its eyes rotated by 90° around its beak (inline dummy) and by 180°around its beak (invert dummy) in an outdoor aviary experiment. A dummy of a sparrowhawk with its head devoid of eyes and beak (empty dummy) served as a behavioral baseline alongside dummies of an unmodified sparrowhawk and a pigeon (as a harmless control). The tits showed no more fear toward the empty dummy than they did toward the pigeon. Toward the invert dummy, the tits showed no less fear than toward the unmodified sparrowhawk. By contrast, in the case of the inline modification, their behavior can be interpreted as increased fear. Our results do not prove that tits use holistic processing in predator recognition, but sensitivity to the presence and configuration of facial elements in the predator's face suggests that this possibility should not be ruled out. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"22-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

No same-different concept or entropy stimulus control: Multiple-item array task performance in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) and pigeons (Columba livia). 无相同-不同概念或熵刺激控制：虎皮鹦鹉和鸽子的多项目阵列任务表现。

IF 0.9 4区心理学

Journal of Comparative Psychology Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-03-27 DOI: 10.1037/com0000416

Sota Watanabe

{"title":"No same-different concept or entropy stimulus control: Multiple-item array task performance in budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) and pigeons (Columba livia).","authors":"Sota Watanabe","doi":"10.1037/com0000416","DOIUrl":"10.1037/com0000416","url":null,"abstract":"To investigate same-different conceptualization in nonhuman animals, researchers have used the multiple-item array task (MIAT), which requires discriminating whether icons in an array are the same or different from one another. Although entropy-based explanations for MIAT performance have been influential, their validity is debatable. In Experiment 1, budgerigars and pigeons were trained to discriminate whether 16 icons were the same or different from one another. When the number of icons was reduced, the discrimination tendency of both species was correlated with the entropy value, replicating previous findings. Experiment 2 further supported this correlation by controlling for the number of icons and icon patterns. However, Experiment 3 revealed that when entropy was constant, the subjects judged different more frequently for arrays with more icons per pattern, which contradicts entropy-based predictions. Notably, the response patterns of the subjects in Experiment 3 were inconsistent with logical same-different judgments, suggesting that these animals perform the MIAT based on criteria distinct from those of same-different conceptualization. These findings challenge the validity of typical MIAT for examining same-different concepts in animals and indicate the need to develop more reliable alternative methods. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).","PeriodicalId":54861,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Comparative Psychology","volume":" ","pages":"11-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143733263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0