Journal of Heredity最新文献_第6页

Quantitative trait loci concentrate in specific regions of the Mexican cavefish genome and reveal key candidate genes for cave-associated evolution. 定量性状位点集中在墨西哥洞穴鱼基因组的特定区域，揭示了洞穴相关进化的关键候选基因。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esae040

Jonathan Wiese, Emilie Richards, Johanna E Kowalko, Suzanne E McGaugh

{"title":"Quantitative trait loci concentrate in specific regions of the Mexican cavefish genome and reveal key candidate genes for cave-associated evolution.","authors":"Jonathan Wiese, Emilie Richards, Johanna E Kowalko, Suzanne E McGaugh","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esae040","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esae040","url":null,"abstract":"A major goal of modern biology is connecting phenotype with its underlying genetic basis. The Mexican cavefish (Astyanax mexicanus), a characin fish species comprised of a surface ecotype and a cave-derived ecotype, is well suited as a model to study the genetic mechanisms underlying adaptation to extreme environments. Here we map 206 previously published quantitative trait loci (QTL) for cave-derived traits in A. mexicanus to the newest version of the surface fish genome assembly, AstMex3. These analyses revealed that QTL cluster in the genome more than expected by chance, and this clustering is not explained by the distribution of genes in the genome. To investigate whether certain characteristics of the genome facilitate phenotypic evolution, we tested whether genomic characteristics associated with increased opportunities for mutation, such as highly mutagenic CpG sites, are reliable predictors of the sites of trait evolution but did not find any significant trends. Finally, we combined the QTL map with previously collected expression and selection data to identify 36 candidate genes that may underlie the repeated evolution of cave phenotypes, including rgrb, which is predicted to be involved in phototransduction. We found this gene has disrupted exons in all non-hybrid cave populations but intact reading frames in surface fish. Overall, our results suggest specific regions of the genome may play significant roles in driving adaptation to the cave environment in Astyanax mexicanus and demonstrate how this compiled dataset can facilitate our understanding of the genetic basis of repeated evolution in the Mexican cavefish.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Optimal outbreeding is shaped during larval life-history in the splash pool copepod Tigriopus californicus. 溅池桡足类（Tigriopus californicus）在幼虫生活史中形成了最佳的外繁殖。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-26 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esae039

Kevin C Olsen, Luis D Escareno Medina, Felipe S Barreto, Suzanne Edmands, Ronald S Burton

{"title":"Optimal outbreeding is shaped during larval life-history in the splash pool copepod Tigriopus californicus.","authors":"Kevin C Olsen, Luis D Escareno Medina, Felipe S Barreto, Suzanne Edmands, Ronald S Burton","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esae039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esae039","url":null,"abstract":"Inbreeding and outbreeding depression are dynamic forms of selection critical to mating system evolution and the efficacy of conservation biology. Most evidence on how the relative severity and timing of these forces are shaped is confined to self-fertilization, distant outcrossing, and intermediate 'optimal outcrossing' in hermaphrodites. We tested the notion that closed population demographics may reduce and delay the costs of inbreeding relative to distant outbreeding in an intertidal copepod with separate sexes and a biphasic larval / post-metamorphic life-history (Tigriopus californicus). At three lifecycle stages (fecundity, metamorphosis, and post-metamorphosis), we quantified the effects of inbreeding and outbreeding in crosses with varying degrees of recent common ancestry. Although inbreeding and outbreeding depression have distinct genetic mechanisms, both manifested the same stage-specific consequences for fitness. Inbreeding and outbreeding depression were not apparent for fecundity, post-metamorphic survival, sex ratio, or the ability to acquire mates, but inbreeding between full siblings and outbreeding between interpopulation hybrids reduced the fraction of offspring that completed metamorphosis by 32% and 47%, respectively. On average, the effects of inbreeding on metamorphic rate were weaker and nearly twice as variable among families than those of outbreeding, suggesting genetic load was less pervasive than the incompatibilities accrued between divergent populations. Overall, our results indicate the transition from larval to juvenile life stages is markedly susceptible to both inbreeding and outbreeding depression in T. californicus. We suggest stage-specific selection acting concurrently with the timing of metamorphosis may be an instrumental factor shaping reproductive optima in species with complex life-histories.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141762718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reference genome for the Mojave poppy bee (Perdita meconis), a specialist pollinator of conservation concern. 莫哈韦罂粟蜂（Perdita meconis）的参考基因组，这是一种受保护的专业授粉动物。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad076

Rena M Schweizer, Colleen G Meidt, Ligia R Benavides, Joseph S Wilson, Terry L Griswold, Sheina B Sim, Scott M Geib, Michael G Branstetter

{"title":"Reference genome for the Mojave poppy bee (Perdita meconis), a specialist pollinator of conservation concern.","authors":"Rena M Schweizer, Colleen G Meidt, Ligia R Benavides, Joseph S Wilson, Terry L Griswold, Sheina B Sim, Scott M Geib, Michael G Branstetter","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad076","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esad076","url":null,"abstract":"The Mojave poppy bee, Perdita meconis Griswold (Hymenoptera: Anthophila: Andrenidae), is a species of conservation concern that is restricted to the eastern Mojave Desert of North America. It is a specialist pollinator of two poppy genera, Arctomecon and Argemone (Papaveraceae), and is being considered for listing under the US Endangered Species Act along with one of its pollinator hosts, the Las Vegas bearpoppy (Arctomecon californica). Here, we present a near chromosome-level genome of the Mojave poppy bee to provide a genomic resource that will aid conservation efforts and future research. We isolated DNA from a single, small (<7 mm), male specimen collected using non-ideal preservation methods and then performed whole-genome sequencing using PacBio HiFi technology. After quality and contaminant filtering, the final draft genome assembly is 327 Mb, with an N50 length of 17.5 Mb. Annotated repetitive elements compose 37.3% of the genome, although a large proportion (24.87%) of those are unclassified repeats. Additionally, we annotated 18,245 protein-coding genes and 19,433 transcripts. This genome represents one of only a few genomes from the large bee family Andrenidae and one of only a few genomes for pollinator specialists. We highlight both the potential of this genome as a resource for future research, and how high-quality genomes generated from small, non-ideal (in terms of preservation) specimens could facilitate biodiversity genomics.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"470-479"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11235129/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138813205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An inside "beak": Molecular analysis of swab samples reveals the seabird diet of invasive Barn Owls in Hawai'i. 内部“喙”：对拭子样本的分子分析揭示了夏威夷入侵仓猫头鹰的海鸟饮食。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad068

Joanna W Elmore, Taylor M Wilcox, Alex E Dutcher, Yuki Reiss, Michael K Schwartz

{"title":"An inside \"beak\": Molecular analysis of swab samples reveals the seabird diet of invasive Barn Owls in Hawai'i.","authors":"Joanna W Elmore, Taylor M Wilcox, Alex E Dutcher, Yuki Reiss, Michael K Schwartz","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad068","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esad068","url":null,"abstract":"Predation is an important species interaction to monitor when assessing an invasive species' impact on a particular ecosystem, but it can be difficult to observe and thus, fully understand. On Kaua'i island, invasive Barn Owls (Tyto alba) predate native seabirds, but difficult terrain in this region and the cryptic nature of owl predation make traditional monitoring of predation quite challenging. Using Barn Owls collected as part of removal efforts on Kaua'i and Lehua islands, we conducted DNA metabarcoding of owl digestive tracts to detect and determine seabird species they predate. We used a seabird-targeted 12s marker to sequence 112 swabs from 55 owls and detected 6 seabird taxa, including 2 ESA-listed seabirds-Hawaiian Petrel (Pterodroma sandwichensis) and Newell's Shearwater (Puffinus newelli), in 12 swabs from 11 owls (20% of sampled owls). Corresponding morphological assessment of owl stomach contents detected seabird species as prey items in only 2% (1/55) of sampled owls, highlighting the utility of molecular approaches for detecting diet items, especially degraded or visually absent items. Additionally, this approach has proven very useful in revealing cryptic trophic interactions in inaccessible seabird populations. For the most comprehensive analysis of diet, the use of both esophageal and cloacal swabs for metabarcoding is recommended. Supplementing metabarcoding with other methods that can provide complementary prey information, such as stable isotope analysis, would help to characterize trophic interactions more fully. The method described here has proven to be a reliable tool for investigating diet in invasive owls and may be used to investigate cryptic predation in living birds as a minimally invasive technique, as well.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"432-443"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72016200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genomic analysis of wolves from Pakistan clarifies boundaries among three divergent wolf lineages. 对巴基斯坦狼的基因组分析阐明了三种不同狼系之间的界限。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad066

Lauren M Hennelly, Ghulam Sarwar, Hira Fatima, Geraldine Werhahn, Fakhar I Abbas, Abdul M Khan, Tariq Mahmood, Shannon Kachel, Zairbek Kubanychbekov, Muhammad T Waseem, Rubab Zahra Naqvi, Abdul Hamid, Yasir Abbas, Hamera Aisha, Muhammad Waseem, Muhammad Farooq, Benjamin N Sacks

{"title":"Genomic analysis of wolves from Pakistan clarifies boundaries among three divergent wolf lineages.","authors":"Lauren M Hennelly, Ghulam Sarwar, Hira Fatima, Geraldine Werhahn, Fakhar I Abbas, Abdul M Khan, Tariq Mahmood, Shannon Kachel, Zairbek Kubanychbekov, Muhammad T Waseem, Rubab Zahra Naqvi, Abdul Hamid, Yasir Abbas, Hamera Aisha, Muhammad Waseem, Muhammad Farooq, Benjamin N Sacks","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad066","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esad066","url":null,"abstract":"Among the three main divergent lineages of gray wolf (Canis lupus), the Holarctic lineage is the most widespread and best studied, particularly in North America and Europe. Less is known about Tibetan (also called Himalayan) and Indian wolf lineages in southern Asia, especially in areas surrounding Pakistan where all three lineages are thought to meet. Given the endangered status of the Indian wolf in neighboring India and unclear southwestern boundary of the Tibetan wolf range, we conducted mitochondrial and genome-wide sequencing of wolves from Pakistan and Kyrgyzstan. Sequences of the mitochondrial D-loop region of 81 wolves from Pakistan indicated contact zones between Holarctic and Indian lineages across the northern and western mountains of Pakistan. Reduced-representation genome sequencing of eight wolves indicated an east-to-west cline of Indian to Holarctic ancestry, consistent with a contact zone between these two lineages in Pakistan. The western boundary of the Tibetan lineage corresponded to the Ladakh region of India's Himalayas with a narrow zone of admixture spanning this boundary from the Karakoram Mountains of northern Pakistan into Ladakh, India. Our results highlight the conservation significance of Pakistan's wolf populations, especially the remaining populations in Sindh and Southern Punjab that represent the highly endangered Indian lineage.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"339-348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61566168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gut bacterial composition shows sex-specific shifts during breeding season in ex situ managed black-footed ferrets. 在迁地管理的黑足雪貂的繁殖季节，肠道细菌组成显示出性别特异性的变化。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad065

Alexandra L DeCandia, Laura Adeduro, Piper Thacher, Adrienne Crosier, Paul Marinari, Robyn Bortner, Della Garelle, Travis Livieri, Rachel Santymire, Pierre Comizzoli, Michael Maslanka, Jesús E Maldonado, Klaus-Peter Koepfli, Carly Muletz-Wolz, Sally L Bornbusch

{"title":"Gut bacterial composition shows sex-specific shifts during breeding season in ex situ managed black-footed ferrets.","authors":"Alexandra L DeCandia, Laura Adeduro, Piper Thacher, Adrienne Crosier, Paul Marinari, Robyn Bortner, Della Garelle, Travis Livieri, Rachel Santymire, Pierre Comizzoli, Michael Maslanka, Jesús E Maldonado, Klaus-Peter Koepfli, Carly Muletz-Wolz, Sally L Bornbusch","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad065","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esad065","url":null,"abstract":"The gut microbiome of mammals engages in a dynamic relationship with the body and contributes to numerous physiological processes integral to overall health. Understanding the factors shaping animal-associated bacterial communities is therefore paramount to the maintenance and management in ex situ wildlife populations. Here, we characterized the gut microbiome of 48 endangered black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) housed at Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute (Front Royal, Virginia, USA). We collected longitudinal fecal samples from males and females across two distinct reproductive seasons to consider the role of host sex and reproductive physiology in shaping bacterial communities, as measured using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Within each sex, gut microbial composition differed between breeding and non-breeding seasons, with five bacterial taxa emerging as differentially abundant. Between sexes, female and male microbiomes were similar during non-breeding season but significantly different during breeding season, which may result from sex-specific physiological changes associated with breeding. Finally, we found low overall diversity consistent with other mammalian carnivores alongside high relative abundances of potentially pathogenic microbes such as Clostridium, Escherichia, Paeniclostridium, and (to a lesser degree) Enterococcus-all of which have been associated with gastrointestinal or reproductive distress in mammalian hosts, including black-footed ferrets. We recommend further study of these microbes and possible therapeutic interventions to promote more balanced microbial communities. These results have important implications for ex situ management practices that can improve the gut microbial health and long-term viability of black-footed ferrets.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"385-398"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54232358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitogenomic analysis of a late Pleistocene jaguar from North America. 北美更新世晚期美洲虎的微基因组分析。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad082

Megha Srigyan, Blaine W Schubert, Matthew Bushell, Sarah H D Santos, Henrique Vieira Figueiró, Samuel Sacco, Eduardo Eizirik, Beth Shapiro

{"title":"Mitogenomic analysis of a late Pleistocene jaguar from North America.","authors":"Megha Srigyan, Blaine W Schubert, Matthew Bushell, Sarah H D Santos, Henrique Vieira Figueiró, Samuel Sacco, Eduardo Eizirik, Beth Shapiro","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad082","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esad082","url":null,"abstract":"The jaguar (Panthera onca) is the largest living cat species native to the Americas and one of few large American carnivorans to have survived into the Holocene. However, the extent to which jaguar diversity declined during the end-Pleistocene extinction event remains unclear. For example, Pleistocene jaguar fossils from North America are notably larger than the average extant jaguar, leading to hypotheses that jaguars from this continent represent a now-extinct subspecies (Panthera onca augusta) or species (Panthera augusta). Here, we used a hybridization capture approach to recover an ancient mitochondrial genome from a large, late Pleistocene jaguar from Kingston Saltpeter Cave, Georgia, United States, which we sequenced to 26-fold coverage. We then estimated the evolutionary relationship between the ancient jaguar mitogenome and those from other extinct and living large felids, including multiple jaguars sampled across the species' current range. The ancient mitogenome falls within the diversity of living jaguars. All sampled jaguar mitogenomes share a common mitochondrial ancestor ~400 thousand years ago, indicating that the lineage represented by the ancient specimen dispersed into North America from the south at least once during the late Pleistocene. While genomic data from additional and older specimens will continue to improve understanding of Pleistocene jaguar diversity in the Americas, our results suggest that this specimen falls within the variation of extant jaguars despite the relatively larger size and geographic location and does not represent a distinct taxon.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"424-431"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11235123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conservation genomics of wolves: The global impact of RK Wayne's research. 狼群保护基因组学：RK 韦恩研究的全球影响。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esae007

Marco Musiani, Ettore Randi

{"title":"Conservation genomics of wolves: The global impact of RK Wayne's research.","authors":"Marco Musiani, Ettore Randi","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esae007","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esae007","url":null,"abstract":"RK Wayne has arguably been the most influential geneticist of canids, famously promoting the conservation of wolves in his homeland, the United States. His influence has been felt in other countries and regions outside the contiguous United States, where he inspired others, also including former graduate students and research fellows of his, to use modern molecular techniques to examine the evolutionary biology of canids to inform the conservation and management of wolves. In this review, we focus on the implications of Wayne's work on wolves outside the United States. He envisioned a clear future for wolf conservation research, involving the study of wolves' ecological and genetic diversity, and the description of ecotypes requiring conservation. He also documented widespread hybridization among canids and introgression of DNA from domestic dogs to wolves, a process that started dozens of thousands of years ago. His work therefore calls for innovative studies, such as examining the potential fitness benefits of introgression. Inspired by his results, for example, on the purging of deleterious alleles in small populations, wolf researchers should use novel molecular tools to challenge other conservation genetics paradigms. Overall, RK Wayne's work constitutes a call for answers, which as scientists or citizens concerned with conservation matters, we are obliged to address, as we contribute to monitoring and maintaining biodiversity during our period of dramatic transformations of the biosphere.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"458-469"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139934364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phylogeographic analyses of an endemic Neotropical fox (Lycalopex vetulus) reveal evidence of hybridization with a different canid species (L. gymnocercus). 对一种特有的新热带狐狸（Lycalopex vetulus）进行的系统地理学分析表明了它与另一种犬科动物（L. gymnocercus）杂交的证据。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esae012

Fabricio Silva Garcez, Ligia Tchaicka, Frederico Gemesio Lemos, Carlos Benhur Kasper, Júlio Cesar Dalponte, Eduardo Eizirik

{"title":"Phylogeographic analyses of an endemic Neotropical fox (Lycalopex vetulus) reveal evidence of hybridization with a different canid species (L. gymnocercus).","authors":"Fabricio Silva Garcez, Ligia Tchaicka, Frederico Gemesio Lemos, Carlos Benhur Kasper, Júlio Cesar Dalponte, Eduardo Eizirik","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esae012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esae012","url":null,"abstract":"The hoary fox (Lycalopex vetulus) is the only species of the Canidae (Mammalia: Carnivora) endemic to Brazil, and so far has been the target of few genetic studies. Using microsatellites and mtDNA markers, we investigated its present genetic diversity and population structure. We also tested the hypothesis that this species currently hybridizes with the pampas fox (L. gymnocercus), as suggested by previous mtDNA data from two individuals. We collected tissue and blood samples from animals representing most of the two species' distributions in Brazil (n = 87), including their recently discovered geographic contact zone in São Paulo state. We observed that the hoary fox exhibits high levels of genetic diversity and low levels of population structure. We identified six individuals from São Paulo state with clear evidence of hybridization based on introgressed pampas fox mitochondrial DNA and/or admixed microsatellite genotypes (three individuals bore both types of evidence). These results demonstrate the existence of admixed individuals between hoary and pampas foxes in southeastern Brazil, representing the first identified case of interspecies admixture between native South American canids. We discuss our findings in the context of the evolutionary history of these foxes and address potential conservation implications of this interspecies hybridization process.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"399-410"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139984602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Patterns of reproduction and autozygosity distinguish the breeding from nonbreeding gray wolves of Yellowstone National Park. 繁殖模式和自接合性将黄石国家公园的繁殖灰狼与非繁殖灰狼区分开来。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad062

Bridgett M vonHoldt, Alexandra L DeCandia, Kira A Cassidy, Erin E Stahler, Janet S Sinsheimer, Douglas W Smith, Daniel R Stahler

{"title":"Patterns of reproduction and autozygosity distinguish the breeding from nonbreeding gray wolves of Yellowstone National Park.","authors":"Bridgett M vonHoldt, Alexandra L DeCandia, Kira A Cassidy, Erin E Stahler, Janet S Sinsheimer, Douglas W Smith, Daniel R Stahler","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad062","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esad062","url":null,"abstract":"For species of management concern, accurate estimates of inbreeding and associated consequences on reproduction are crucial for predicting their future viability. However, few studies have partitioned this aspect of genetic viability with respect to reproduction in a group-living social mammal. We investigated the contributions of foundation stock lineages, putative fitness consequences of inbreeding, and genetic diversity of the breeding versus nonreproductive segment of the Yellowstone National Park gray wolf population. Our dataset spans 25 years and seven generations since reintroduction, encompassing 152 nuclear families and 329 litters. We found more than 87% of the pedigree foundation genomes persisted and report influxes of allelic diversity from two translocated wolves from a divergent source in Montana. As expected for group-living species, mean kinship significantly increased over time but with minimal loss of observed heterozygosity. Strikingly, the reproductive portion of the population carried a significantly lower genome-wide inbreeding coefficients, autozygosity, and more rapid decay for linkage disequilibrium relative to the nonbreeding population. Breeding wolves had significantly longer lifespans and lower inbreeding coefficients than nonbreeding wolves. Our model revealed that the number of litters was negatively significantly associated with heterozygosity (R = -0.11). Our findings highlight genetic contributions to fitness, and the importance of the reproductively active individuals in a population to counteract loss of genetic variation in a wild, free-ranging social carnivore. It is crucial for managers to mitigate factors that significantly reduce effective population size and genetic connectivity, which supports the dispersion of genetic variation that aids in rapid evolutionary responses to environmental challenges.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"327-338"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11235126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41172530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0