马蹄蝠王(Rhinolophus rex)染色体水平的基因组组装有助于深入了解其保护状况和 Rhinolophus 的染色体进化。

IF 3 2区 生物学 Q2 EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
Linjing Lan, Xin Zhang, Shanxiu Yang, Xiuguang Mao, Ji Dong
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在无法从其他来源获得足够数据的情况下,高质量的参考基因组对于评估稀有物种的保护状况非常有价值。蝙蝠几乎占所有哺乳动物的五分之一,对生态系统贡献巨大。然而,由于蝙蝠的夜行性和难以捉摸的习性,很难获得稀有蝙蝠物种的准确普查种群数量并评估其保护状况。在此,我们为马蹄蝠王(Rhinolophus rex)生成了染色体水平的基因组组装,并通过与其他相关物种的全基因组汇总统计进行比较,评估其保护状况。基因组组装的大小为 2.1 Gb(等位基因 N50:75.26 Mb),总序列的 99.9% 固定在 30 条常染色体、X 和 Y 染色体上。尽管雷克斯的全基因组杂合度较低,而且近亲繁殖,但与其他两个犀牛物种相比,雷克斯并没有表现出更高的遗传负荷。历史人口分析表明,霸王龙保持了长期(约 200 万年)稳定的种群数量(约 15 万)。未来需要更多个体的全基因组测序数据,以全面评估近期的保护状况。我们还重建了犀牛的祖先核型为 2n=54,并发现罗伯逊分裂和融合是该属染色体重排的主要机制。总之,我们的研究显示了参考质量基因组在保护基因组学和比较基因组学中的重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Chromosome-level genome assembly of the king horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus rex) provides insights into its conservation status and chromosomal evolution of Rhinolophus.

A high-quality reference genome is quite valuable in assessing the conservation status of a rare species when adequate data from other sources are unavailable. Bats comprise almost a fifth of all mammals and contribute greatly to ecosystem. However, due to the nocturnal and elusive habits, it is difficult to obtain the accurate census population size of a rare bat species and assess its conservation status. Here, we generate a chromosome-level genome assembly for the king horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus rex) and assess its conservation status by comparing the genome-wide summary statistics to other related species. The genome assembly size was 2.1 Gb (contig N50: 75.26 Mb) and 99.9% of the total sequences were anchored onto 30 autosomes, X and Y chromosomes. Despite lower genome-wide heterozygosity and recent inbreeding, R. rex did not exhibit higher genetic load comparing to the other two Rhinolophus species. Historical demography analysis revealed that R. rex maintained a long term (~2 million years) stable population size (~150,000). In the future whole-genome sequencing data from more individuals will be needed to comprehensively assess the conservation status at recent timescales. We also reconstructed the ancestral karyotype of Rhinolophus as 2n=54 and found that Robertsonian fissions and fusions were the main mechanism of chromosomal rearrangements in this genus. Overall, our study shows important implications of reference-quality genomes in both conservation genomics and comparative genomics.

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来源期刊
Journal of Heredity
Journal of Heredity 生物-遗传学
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
6.50%
发文量
63
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Over the last 100 years, the Journal of Heredity has established and maintained a tradition of scholarly excellence in the publication of genetics research. Virtually every major figure in the field has contributed to the journal. Established in 1903, Journal of Heredity covers organismal genetics across a wide range of disciplines and taxa. Articles include such rapidly advancing fields as conservation genetics of endangered species, population structure and phylogeography, molecular evolution and speciation, molecular genetics of disease resistance in plants and animals, genetic biodiversity and relevant computer programs.
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