Journal of Heredity最新文献_第7页

An inside "beak": Molecular analysis of swab samples reveals the seabird diet of invasive Barn Owls in Hawai'i. 内部“喙”：对拭子样本的分子分析揭示了夏威夷入侵仓猫头鹰的海鸟饮食。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad068

Joanna W Elmore, Taylor M Wilcox, Alex E Dutcher, Yuki Reiss, Michael K Schwartz

{"title":"An inside \"beak\": Molecular analysis of swab samples reveals the seabird diet of invasive Barn Owls in Hawai'i.","authors":"Joanna W Elmore, Taylor M Wilcox, Alex E Dutcher, Yuki Reiss, Michael K Schwartz","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad068","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esad068","url":null,"abstract":"Predation is an important species interaction to monitor when assessing an invasive species' impact on a particular ecosystem, but it can be difficult to observe and thus, fully understand. On Kaua'i island, invasive Barn Owls (Tyto alba) predate native seabirds, but difficult terrain in this region and the cryptic nature of owl predation make traditional monitoring of predation quite challenging. Using Barn Owls collected as part of removal efforts on Kaua'i and Lehua islands, we conducted DNA metabarcoding of owl digestive tracts to detect and determine seabird species they predate. We used a seabird-targeted 12s marker to sequence 112 swabs from 55 owls and detected 6 seabird taxa, including 2 ESA-listed seabirds-Hawaiian Petrel (Pterodroma sandwichensis) and Newell's Shearwater (Puffinus newelli), in 12 swabs from 11 owls (20% of sampled owls). Corresponding morphological assessment of owl stomach contents detected seabird species as prey items in only 2% (1/55) of sampled owls, highlighting the utility of molecular approaches for detecting diet items, especially degraded or visually absent items. Additionally, this approach has proven very useful in revealing cryptic trophic interactions in inaccessible seabird populations. For the most comprehensive analysis of diet, the use of both esophageal and cloacal swabs for metabarcoding is recommended. Supplementing metabarcoding with other methods that can provide complementary prey information, such as stable isotope analysis, would help to characterize trophic interactions more fully. The method described here has proven to be a reliable tool for investigating diet in invasive owls and may be used to investigate cryptic predation in living birds as a minimally invasive technique, as well.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"432-443"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72016200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Genomic analysis of wolves from Pakistan clarifies boundaries among three divergent wolf lineages. 对巴基斯坦狼的基因组分析阐明了三种不同狼系之间的界限。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad066

Lauren M Hennelly, Ghulam Sarwar, Hira Fatima, Geraldine Werhahn, Fakhar I Abbas, Abdul M Khan, Tariq Mahmood, Shannon Kachel, Zairbek Kubanychbekov, Muhammad T Waseem, Rubab Zahra Naqvi, Abdul Hamid, Yasir Abbas, Hamera Aisha, Muhammad Waseem, Muhammad Farooq, Benjamin N Sacks

{"title":"Genomic analysis of wolves from Pakistan clarifies boundaries among three divergent wolf lineages.","authors":"Lauren M Hennelly, Ghulam Sarwar, Hira Fatima, Geraldine Werhahn, Fakhar I Abbas, Abdul M Khan, Tariq Mahmood, Shannon Kachel, Zairbek Kubanychbekov, Muhammad T Waseem, Rubab Zahra Naqvi, Abdul Hamid, Yasir Abbas, Hamera Aisha, Muhammad Waseem, Muhammad Farooq, Benjamin N Sacks","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad066","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esad066","url":null,"abstract":"Among the three main divergent lineages of gray wolf (Canis lupus), the Holarctic lineage is the most widespread and best studied, particularly in North America and Europe. Less is known about Tibetan (also called Himalayan) and Indian wolf lineages in southern Asia, especially in areas surrounding Pakistan where all three lineages are thought to meet. Given the endangered status of the Indian wolf in neighboring India and unclear southwestern boundary of the Tibetan wolf range, we conducted mitochondrial and genome-wide sequencing of wolves from Pakistan and Kyrgyzstan. Sequences of the mitochondrial D-loop region of 81 wolves from Pakistan indicated contact zones between Holarctic and Indian lineages across the northern and western mountains of Pakistan. Reduced-representation genome sequencing of eight wolves indicated an east-to-west cline of Indian to Holarctic ancestry, consistent with a contact zone between these two lineages in Pakistan. The western boundary of the Tibetan lineage corresponded to the Ladakh region of India's Himalayas with a narrow zone of admixture spanning this boundary from the Karakoram Mountains of northern Pakistan into Ladakh, India. Our results highlight the conservation significance of Pakistan's wolf populations, especially the remaining populations in Sindh and Southern Punjab that represent the highly endangered Indian lineage.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"339-348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"61566168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gut bacterial composition shows sex-specific shifts during breeding season in ex situ managed black-footed ferrets. 在迁地管理的黑足雪貂的繁殖季节，肠道细菌组成显示出性别特异性的变化。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad065

Alexandra L DeCandia, Laura Adeduro, Piper Thacher, Adrienne Crosier, Paul Marinari, Robyn Bortner, Della Garelle, Travis Livieri, Rachel Santymire, Pierre Comizzoli, Michael Maslanka, Jesús E Maldonado, Klaus-Peter Koepfli, Carly Muletz-Wolz, Sally L Bornbusch

{"title":"Gut bacterial composition shows sex-specific shifts during breeding season in ex situ managed black-footed ferrets.","authors":"Alexandra L DeCandia, Laura Adeduro, Piper Thacher, Adrienne Crosier, Paul Marinari, Robyn Bortner, Della Garelle, Travis Livieri, Rachel Santymire, Pierre Comizzoli, Michael Maslanka, Jesús E Maldonado, Klaus-Peter Koepfli, Carly Muletz-Wolz, Sally L Bornbusch","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad065","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esad065","url":null,"abstract":"The gut microbiome of mammals engages in a dynamic relationship with the body and contributes to numerous physiological processes integral to overall health. Understanding the factors shaping animal-associated bacterial communities is therefore paramount to the maintenance and management in ex situ wildlife populations. Here, we characterized the gut microbiome of 48 endangered black-footed ferrets (Mustela nigripes) housed at Smithsonian's National Zoo and Conservation Biology Institute (Front Royal, Virginia, USA). We collected longitudinal fecal samples from males and females across two distinct reproductive seasons to consider the role of host sex and reproductive physiology in shaping bacterial communities, as measured using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Within each sex, gut microbial composition differed between breeding and non-breeding seasons, with five bacterial taxa emerging as differentially abundant. Between sexes, female and male microbiomes were similar during non-breeding season but significantly different during breeding season, which may result from sex-specific physiological changes associated with breeding. Finally, we found low overall diversity consistent with other mammalian carnivores alongside high relative abundances of potentially pathogenic microbes such as Clostridium, Escherichia, Paeniclostridium, and (to a lesser degree) Enterococcus-all of which have been associated with gastrointestinal or reproductive distress in mammalian hosts, including black-footed ferrets. We recommend further study of these microbes and possible therapeutic interventions to promote more balanced microbial communities. These results have important implications for ex situ management practices that can improve the gut microbial health and long-term viability of black-footed ferrets.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"385-398"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54232358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mitogenomic analysis of a late Pleistocene jaguar from North America. 北美更新世晚期美洲虎的微基因组分析。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad082

Megha Srigyan, Blaine W Schubert, Matthew Bushell, Sarah H D Santos, Henrique Vieira Figueiró, Samuel Sacco, Eduardo Eizirik, Beth Shapiro

{"title":"Mitogenomic analysis of a late Pleistocene jaguar from North America.","authors":"Megha Srigyan, Blaine W Schubert, Matthew Bushell, Sarah H D Santos, Henrique Vieira Figueiró, Samuel Sacco, Eduardo Eizirik, Beth Shapiro","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad082","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esad082","url":null,"abstract":"The jaguar (Panthera onca) is the largest living cat species native to the Americas and one of few large American carnivorans to have survived into the Holocene. However, the extent to which jaguar diversity declined during the end-Pleistocene extinction event remains unclear. For example, Pleistocene jaguar fossils from North America are notably larger than the average extant jaguar, leading to hypotheses that jaguars from this continent represent a now-extinct subspecies (Panthera onca augusta) or species (Panthera augusta). Here, we used a hybridization capture approach to recover an ancient mitochondrial genome from a large, late Pleistocene jaguar from Kingston Saltpeter Cave, Georgia, United States, which we sequenced to 26-fold coverage. We then estimated the evolutionary relationship between the ancient jaguar mitogenome and those from other extinct and living large felids, including multiple jaguars sampled across the species' current range. The ancient mitogenome falls within the diversity of living jaguars. All sampled jaguar mitogenomes share a common mitochondrial ancestor ~400 thousand years ago, indicating that the lineage represented by the ancient specimen dispersed into North America from the south at least once during the late Pleistocene. While genomic data from additional and older specimens will continue to improve understanding of Pleistocene jaguar diversity in the Americas, our results suggest that this specimen falls within the variation of extant jaguars despite the relatively larger size and geographic location and does not represent a distinct taxon.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"424-431"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11235123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139049804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conservation genomics of wolves: The global impact of RK Wayne's research. 狼群保护基因组学：RK 韦恩研究的全球影响。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esae007

Marco Musiani, Ettore Randi

{"title":"Conservation genomics of wolves: The global impact of RK Wayne's research.","authors":"Marco Musiani, Ettore Randi","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esae007","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esae007","url":null,"abstract":"RK Wayne has arguably been the most influential geneticist of canids, famously promoting the conservation of wolves in his homeland, the United States. His influence has been felt in other countries and regions outside the contiguous United States, where he inspired others, also including former graduate students and research fellows of his, to use modern molecular techniques to examine the evolutionary biology of canids to inform the conservation and management of wolves. In this review, we focus on the implications of Wayne's work on wolves outside the United States. He envisioned a clear future for wolf conservation research, involving the study of wolves' ecological and genetic diversity, and the description of ecotypes requiring conservation. He also documented widespread hybridization among canids and introgression of DNA from domestic dogs to wolves, a process that started dozens of thousands of years ago. His work therefore calls for innovative studies, such as examining the potential fitness benefits of introgression. Inspired by his results, for example, on the purging of deleterious alleles in small populations, wolf researchers should use novel molecular tools to challenge other conservation genetics paradigms. Overall, RK Wayne's work constitutes a call for answers, which as scientists or citizens concerned with conservation matters, we are obliged to address, as we contribute to monitoring and maintaining biodiversity during our period of dramatic transformations of the biosphere.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"458-469"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139934364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phylogeographic analyses of an endemic Neotropical fox (Lycalopex vetulus) reveal evidence of hybridization with a different canid species (L. gymnocercus). 对一种特有的新热带狐狸（Lycalopex vetulus）进行的系统地理学分析表明了它与另一种犬科动物（L. gymnocercus）杂交的证据。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esae012

Fabricio Silva Garcez, Ligia Tchaicka, Frederico Gemesio Lemos, Carlos Benhur Kasper, Júlio Cesar Dalponte, Eduardo Eizirik

{"title":"Phylogeographic analyses of an endemic Neotropical fox (Lycalopex vetulus) reveal evidence of hybridization with a different canid species (L. gymnocercus).","authors":"Fabricio Silva Garcez, Ligia Tchaicka, Frederico Gemesio Lemos, Carlos Benhur Kasper, Júlio Cesar Dalponte, Eduardo Eizirik","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esae012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esae012","url":null,"abstract":"The hoary fox (Lycalopex vetulus) is the only species of the Canidae (Mammalia: Carnivora) endemic to Brazil, and so far has been the target of few genetic studies. Using microsatellites and mtDNA markers, we investigated its present genetic diversity and population structure. We also tested the hypothesis that this species currently hybridizes with the pampas fox (L. gymnocercus), as suggested by previous mtDNA data from two individuals. We collected tissue and blood samples from animals representing most of the two species' distributions in Brazil (n = 87), including their recently discovered geographic contact zone in São Paulo state. We observed that the hoary fox exhibits high levels of genetic diversity and low levels of population structure. We identified six individuals from São Paulo state with clear evidence of hybridization based on introgressed pampas fox mitochondrial DNA and/or admixed microsatellite genotypes (three individuals bore both types of evidence). These results demonstrate the existence of admixed individuals between hoary and pampas foxes in southeastern Brazil, representing the first identified case of interspecies admixture between native South American canids. We discuss our findings in the context of the evolutionary history of these foxes and address potential conservation implications of this interspecies hybridization process.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"399-410"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139984602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Patterns of reproduction and autozygosity distinguish the breeding from nonbreeding gray wolves of Yellowstone National Park. 繁殖模式和自接合性将黄石国家公园的繁殖灰狼与非繁殖灰狼区分开来。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad062

Bridgett M vonHoldt, Alexandra L DeCandia, Kira A Cassidy, Erin E Stahler, Janet S Sinsheimer, Douglas W Smith, Daniel R Stahler

{"title":"Patterns of reproduction and autozygosity distinguish the breeding from nonbreeding gray wolves of Yellowstone National Park.","authors":"Bridgett M vonHoldt, Alexandra L DeCandia, Kira A Cassidy, Erin E Stahler, Janet S Sinsheimer, Douglas W Smith, Daniel R Stahler","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad062","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esad062","url":null,"abstract":"For species of management concern, accurate estimates of inbreeding and associated consequences on reproduction are crucial for predicting their future viability. However, few studies have partitioned this aspect of genetic viability with respect to reproduction in a group-living social mammal. We investigated the contributions of foundation stock lineages, putative fitness consequences of inbreeding, and genetic diversity of the breeding versus nonreproductive segment of the Yellowstone National Park gray wolf population. Our dataset spans 25 years and seven generations since reintroduction, encompassing 152 nuclear families and 329 litters. We found more than 87% of the pedigree foundation genomes persisted and report influxes of allelic diversity from two translocated wolves from a divergent source in Montana. As expected for group-living species, mean kinship significantly increased over time but with minimal loss of observed heterozygosity. Strikingly, the reproductive portion of the population carried a significantly lower genome-wide inbreeding coefficients, autozygosity, and more rapid decay for linkage disequilibrium relative to the nonbreeding population. Breeding wolves had significantly longer lifespans and lower inbreeding coefficients than nonbreeding wolves. Our model revealed that the number of litters was negatively significantly associated with heterozygosity (R = -0.11). Our findings highlight genetic contributions to fitness, and the importance of the reproductively active individuals in a population to counteract loss of genetic variation in a wild, free-ranging social carnivore. It is crucial for managers to mitigate factors that significantly reduce effective population size and genetic connectivity, which supports the dispersion of genetic variation that aids in rapid evolutionary responses to environmental challenges.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"327-338"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11235126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41172530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The value of hybrid genomes: Building two highly contiguous reference genome assemblies to advance Canis genomic studies. 杂交基因组的价值：建立两个高度连续的参考基因组，推进犬基因组研究。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esae013

Kevin R Bredemeyer, Bridgett M vonHoldt, Nicole M Foley, Isabella R Childers, Kristin E Brzeski, William J Murphy

{"title":"The value of hybrid genomes: Building two highly contiguous reference genome assemblies to advance Canis genomic studies.","authors":"Kevin R Bredemeyer, Bridgett M vonHoldt, Nicole M Foley, Isabella R Childers, Kristin E Brzeski, William J Murphy","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esae013","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esae013","url":null,"abstract":"Previous studies of canid population and evolutionary genetics have relied on high-quality domestic dog reference genomes that have been produced primarily for biomedical and trait mapping studies in dog breeds. However, the absence of highly contiguous genomes from other Canis species like the gray wolf and coyote, that represent additional distinct demographic histories, may bias inferences regarding interspecific genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships. Here, we present single haplotype de novo genome assemblies for the gray wolf and coyote, generated by applying the trio-binning approach to long sequence reads generated from the genome of a female first-generation hybrid produced from a gray wolf and coyote mating. The assemblies were highly contiguous, with contig N50 sizes of 44.6 and 42.0 Mb for the wolf and coyote, respectively. Genome scaffolding and alignments between the two Canis assemblies and published dog reference genomes showed near complete collinearity, with one exception: a coyote-specific chromosome fission of chromosome 13 and fusion of the proximal portion of that chromosome with chromosome 8, retaining the Canis-typical haploid chromosome number of 2n = 78. We evaluated mapping quality for previous RADseq data from 334 canids and found nearly identical mapping quality and patterns among canid species and regional populations regardless of the genome used for alignment (dog, coyote, or gray wolf). These novel wolf and coyote genome reference assemblies will be important resources for proper and accurate inference of Canis demography, taxonomic evaluation, and conservation genetics.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"480-486"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139984603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Large variance in inbreeding within the Iberian wolf population. 伊比利亚狼种群内近亲繁殖的差异很大。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad071

Isabel Salado, Michaela Preick, Natividad Lupiáñez-Corpas, Alberto Fernández-Gil, Carles Vilà, Michael Hofreiter, Jennifer A Leonard

{"title":"Large variance in inbreeding within the Iberian wolf population.","authors":"Isabel Salado, Michaela Preick, Natividad Lupiáñez-Corpas, Alberto Fernández-Gil, Carles Vilà, Michael Hofreiter, Jennifer A Leonard","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad071","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esad071","url":null,"abstract":"The gray wolf (Canis lupus) population on the Iberian Peninsula was the largest in western and central Europe during most of the 20th century, with its size apparently never under a few hundred individuals. After partial legal protection in the 1970s in Spain, the northwest Iberian population increased to about 300 to 350 packs and then stabilized. In contrast to many current European wolf populations, which have been connected through gene flow, the Iberian wolf population has been isolated for decades. Here, we measured changes in genomic diversity and inbreeding through the last decades in a geographic context. We find that the level of genomic diversity in Iberian wolves is low compared with other Eurasian wolf populations. Despite population expansion in the last 50 years, some modern wolves had very high inbreeding, especially in the recently recolonized and historical edge areas. These individuals contrast with others with low inbreeding within the same population. The high variance in inbreeding despite population expansion seems associated with small-scale fragmentation of the range that is revealed by the genetic similarity between modern and historical samples from close localities despite being separated by decades, remaining differentiated from other individuals that are just over 100 km away, a small distance for a species with great dispersal capacity inhabiting a continuous range. This illustrates that, despite its demographically stable condition, the population would probably benefit from favoring connectivity within the population as well as genetic exchange with other European wolf populations to avoid excessive fragmentation and local inbreeding depression.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"349-359"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11235127/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89720627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The evolutionary dynamics of local adaptations under genetic rescue is determined by mutational load and polygenicity. 基因拯救下局部适应性的进化动态取决于突变负荷和多基因性。

IF 3 2区生物学

Journal of Heredity Pub Date : 2024-07-10 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esad079

Yulin Zhang, Aaron J Stern, Rasmus Nielsen

{"title":"The evolutionary dynamics of local adaptations under genetic rescue is determined by mutational load and polygenicity.","authors":"Yulin Zhang, Aaron J Stern, Rasmus Nielsen","doi":"10.1093/jhered/esad079","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jhered/esad079","url":null,"abstract":"Inbred populations often suffer from increased mutational load and reduced fitness due to lower efficacy of purifying selection in groups with small effective population sizes. Genetic rescue (GR) is a conservation tool that is studied and deployed with the aim of increasing the fitness of such inbred populations by assisted migration of individuals from closely related outbred populations. The success of GR depends on several factors-such as their demographic history and distribution of dominance effects of mutations-that may vary across populations. While we understand the impact of these factors on the dynamics of GR, their impact on local adaptations remains unclear. To this end, we conduct a population genetics simulation study to evaluate the impact of trait complexity (Mendelian vs. polygenic), dominance effects, and demographic history on the efficacy of GR. We find that the impact on local adaptations depends highly on the mutational load at the time of GR, which is in turn shaped dynamically by interactions between demographic history and dominance effects of deleterious variation. Over time local adaptations are generally restored post-GR, though in the short term they are often compromised in the process of purging deleterious variation. We also show that while local adaptations are almost always fully restored, the degree to which ancestral genetic variation affecting the trait is replaced by donor variation can vary drastically and is especially high for complex traits. Our results provide insights on the impact of GR on trait evolution and considerations for the practical implementation of GR.","PeriodicalId":54811,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Heredity","volume":" ","pages":"373-384"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11235128/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139038218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0