Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of pulmonary toxicity of inhaled polycarbonate 3D printer emissions in rats.","authors":"W Kyle Mandler, Walter McKinney, Todd A Stueckle, Alycia K Knepp, Stacey E Anderson, Laurel G Jackson, Sarah Keeley, Kristine Krajnak, A Parisa Shirzadi, Mariana T Farcas, Lori Battelli, Sherri A Friend, Aleksandr B Stefaniak, Treye A Thomas, Joanna Matheson, Yong Qian","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2473559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2025.2473559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the potential pulmonary toxicity of polycarbonate (PC) emissions from fused filament fabrication (FFF) three-dimensional printing (3DP) via inhalation in Sprague Dawley rats. Previously, our results demonstrated no significant pulmonary effects following exposure to a 0.5 mg/m³ PC. A new exposure apparatus was developed that exposed animals at a concentration of 2.5 mg/m³. Sixty rats were randomized into control (filtered air) and exposure groups (<i>n</i> = 30/group). Each group was further divided into five subgroups (<i>n</i> = 6/subgroup) with exposure durations of 1, 4, 8, 15, or 30 days (4 hr/day, 4 days/week). Following a 24-hr post-exposure period, body weight was measured, and blood samples were collected for hematological and biochemical analysis. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was obtained from the right lung for cytology. The left lung and head/nasal tissues were preserved for histopathological evaluation. Lung deposition was estimated using the Multiple-Path Particle Dosimetry model, electron microscopy, and enhanced darkfield microscopy. In addition, filter samples were collected to measure bisphenol A. Exposure resulted in an estimated deposition of 0.28 µg/day within the alveoli and small airways. Microscopy indicated limited evidence of macrophage uptake. No significant changes were observed in BALF cell counts, lactate dehydrogenase activity, or hematological parameters. BALF levels of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 and protein were elevated in the 30-day exposure group, although histopathology revealed no exposure-related changes in the lungs. In conclusion, this study found no marked pulmonary inflammation or toxicity in rats exposed to 2.5 mg/m³ of PC 3D printing emissions for up to 30 days (4 hr/day).</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotective effect of <i>Cistanche deserticola</i> glycosides in MPTP-Induced Parkinson's disease mouse model involves Nrf2 activation.","authors":"Shu-Qing Yao, Zhi-Peng Xu, Wu-Xia Guo, He Zhang, Ming Zhang, Jian-Xin Jia, Zhan-Jun Yang, He Wang, Zhi-Ying Zhao, Dong-Sheng Huo","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2470847","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2025.2470847","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's Disease (PD) a progressive neurodegenerative disorder is attributed to dopaminergic neuronal cell loss in the mid-brain substantia nigra pars compacta. A major risk factors associated with PD development is presence of excess oxidative stress. Previously, glycosides derived from <i>Cistanche deserticola</i> were reported to play a key role in counteracting PD; however, the underlying mechanisms remain to be determined. This study aimed to examine the neuroprotective effect attributed to glycosides derived from <i>C. deserticola</i> in PD model in mice. The model of PD was established by injecting intraperitoneally 1-methyl-4-penyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Rotarod and pole tests determined neurological behavior. The following immunohistochemistry, and metabolic biomarkers were measured mid-brain substantia nigra: (1) number of dopaminergic neuronal cell using immunohistochemistry (2) oxidative stress as evidenced by activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) as well levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), (3) inflammatory infiltration as measured by levels of IL-1β and TNF-α (4) by Western blot involvement of protein expression levels of Nrf2 signaling pathway. Data demonstrated that <i>C. deserticola</i> glycosides treatment improved behavioral performance, increased number of dopaminergic neurons, reduced cytokine levels of IL-1β and TNF-α accompanied by enhanced antioxidant activity in PD mice. These observations were associated with activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway. Data suggest that <i>C. deserticola</i> glycosides may thus be considered as an alternative compound for PD treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acteoside inhibits hepatic lipid accumulation and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic mice via the Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway.","authors":"Dan-Dan Hao, Lei Zhang, Si-Lin Liu, Zhi-Juan Sun, Ri-Gu-Leng Si, Feng-Ning Zhang, Li-Xin Yang, Xiao-Li Jia, Tian-Zhu Li, Lin Ai, Chun-Ying Bai, Kai Gu, Cong-Ying Zhang","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2473558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2025.2473558","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Acteoside, a naturally occurring compound found in various plants, was found to exert antihyperlipidemic effects; however, the underlying mechanisms in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease associated with type 2 diabetes remain to be elucidated. This study aimed to examine (1) acteoside initiated hepatoprotection in diabetic mice and (2) whether the beneficial actions involved activation of Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Male mice given a high fat diet were injected with streptozotocin (STZ 50 mg/kg) to initiate type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Animals were randomly assigned to four groups (10 animals per group): (1) control, (2) diabetes, (3) acteoside (70 mg/kg) and (4) metformin (250 mg/kg). In diabetic mice, a significant increase in plasma levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) was accompanied by a fall in high-density lipoprotein (HDL). In diabetes, malondialdehyde (MDA) content was elevated in serum, accompanied by a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Treatment with acteoside was found to significantly reduce plasma levels TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL accompanied by elevation in HDL, lowered MDA content accompanied by a rise in SOD activity. The metabolic alterations induced by metformin, the drug of choice in T2DM were similar to those noted for acteoside. Results showed that beneficial effects of acteoside involved activation of the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. The potent antioxidant properties and lipid-lowering effects attributed to acteoside in T2DM may be considered as a promising therapeutic candidate for diabetic liver disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of knockdown LncRNA SNHG1 on autophagic function in SH-SY5Y cells: a model of Alzheimer's disease (AD).","authors":"Xiao-Xu Li, Xu-Sheng Yan, Chun-Jie Zhang, Yi-Chi Zhang, Xiao-Jing Su, He Zhang, Jin Yang, Yi-Long Zhang, Zhi-Ying Zhao","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2474634","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2474634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Alzheimer 's disease, a neurodegenerative disease, is considered a serious global type of dementia affecting predominantly elderly associated with progressive memory loss. Alzheimer 's disease exhibits typical pathological manifestations including neuronal loss, β-amyloid deposition, and tau protein neurofibrillary tangles. Significantly increased expression of long-non -coding transcript RNA, LncRNA SNHG1, was detected in the brain of AD patients. However, it is not clear whether knockdown of LncRNA SNHG1 might improve autophagy function in SH-SY5Y cells and reduce the number of apoptotic cells. The aim of this study was to (1) examine the role of LncRNA SNHG1 on autophagic function of SH-SY5Y cells following induction by Aβ1-42 and (2) elucidate the underlying mechanisms. SH-SY5Y cells were transfected with lentiviral vectors to construct a cell line with stable genetic ability to knock down LncRNA SNHG1 and compared to control empty vector cell line. Following induction with Aβ1-42 for 24 hr, an AD cell model was constructed. Downregulation with LncRNA SNHG1 significantly increased cell viability and lowered the number of apoptotic cells. Concomitantly downregulation of the expression of LncRNA SNHG1 in SH-SY5Y cells induced significant decrease in expression of p-tau and caspase3 associated with elevated expression of Beclin1 and AMBRA1. Our results showed that knockdown of LncRNA SNHG1 in SH-SY5Y cells reduced the number of apoptotic cells by enhancing expression of Beclin1 and AMBRA1. Data suggest that by knocking down the expression of LncRNA SNHG1 may be considered a potential target for compounds to treat AD.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The analgesic effect of total saponins of Tribulus terrestris on neuropathic pain was studied based on TLR4/NF-κB pathway.","authors":"Wu-Xia Guo, He Zhang, Zhan-Qiang Wang, Jun Mao, Zhi-Ying Zhao, Ming Zhang","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2470843","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2470843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuropathic pain (NP) consists of a range of unpleasant sensations attributed to a lesion or a disease of the somatosensory nervous system. It is important to note that the sensations initiated by NP are debilitating and adversely affect quality of life; however, the underlying mechanisms involved in the occurrence and development of this type of pain remain to be determined. Previously data demonstrated that inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway diminished the adverse consequences attributed to NP. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine whether saponins derived from <i>Tribulus terrestris</i> might exert an analgesic effect on NP in rats using a chronic constriction injury (CCI) involving sciatic nerve. Male rats were randomly divided into Sham, CCI, low 100 mg/kg <i>T. terrestris</i>, high 200 mg/kg <i>T. terrestris</i>, and compared to pregabalin 10 mg/kg, the recognized first line of defense in NP. Three days after surgery, rats were treated with sham control (water) or drugs. The paw mechanical withdrawal threshold (PMWT) and thermal latency (TL) of rats were measured 1 day before operation and 3, 7, and 10 days after. Nissl staining was used to observe the morphology and Western Blot to detect protein expression of NF-κB and TLR4 on the 10th day after operation. ELISA was employed to detect levels of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-ɑ in spinal cord. CCI significantly decreased PMWT and TL. In CCI neurons and glial cells in the spinal dorsal horn were deeply stained with swelling and atrophy observed. The protein expression levels of NF-κB and TLR4 in the spinal dorsal horn of the injured side were significantly increased accompanied by elevated levels of inflammatory mediators IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-ɑ. Treatment with low 100 mg/kg or high 200 mg/kg <i>T. terrestris</i> or pregabalin reduced effects of CCI on PMW, TL, histopathological changes as well as levels of inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6 associated with inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB pathway. Data suggest that <i>T. terrest</i> exerts an analgesic effect on peripheral NP which involves TLR4/NF-κB pathway inhibition.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A simple fluorometric test method for assessing skin sensitization potential of chemicals by using <i>N</i>-acetyl-L-cysteine methyl ester <i>in chemico</i>.","authors":"Rahul Upadhyay Nepal, Tae Cheon Jeong","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2472224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2025.2472224","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The covalent binding of sensitizer to skin proteins is referred to as key event 1 of the adverse outcome pathway in skin sensitization. Recently, <i>N</i>-acetyl-L-cysteine methyl ester (NACME) was demonstrated to react selectively with skin sensitizers <i>in vitro</i>, such that NACME might be applied as an electron donor in developing a spectrophotometric test for determining skin sensitization potential of chemicals. To avoid possible color interference by certain test chemicals, a fluorometric test method was developed using monobromobimane (mBBr), a thiol-reactive fluorescent probe. Similar to previous methods utilizing the reaction of NACME with sensitizers, unreacted NACME occurred which was then measured fluorometrically using mBBr, rather than 5,5'-dithio-bis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB). Following the optimization of test conditions, the same 64 test chemicals used in the previous study were tested to determine the predictive capacity of the current method. Results showed a predictive capacity of 81.1% sensitivity, 81.5% specificity, and 81.3% accuracy with a cutoff NACME depletion of 11.3%. Although these values were relatively lower than the previous test using DTNB, the results were still comparable to OECD-approved test methods and that color interference issues might be ruled out. Data demonstrated that NACME might be viewed as a candidate for identifying reactive skin sensitizers. Further, this method might be considered as a complementary or supportive method to the former DTNB assay as a screening tool for assessing the tendency of a chemical to initiate skin sensitization in case of test chemicals showing color interference.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143558629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of safety and efficacy of Brazilian brown propolis from <i>Araucaria sp</i>. in preventing colon cancer.","authors":"Karoline Soares de Freitas, Iara Silva Squarisi, Letícia Teixeira Marcos de Souza, Saulo Duarte Ozelin, Lucas Teixeira de Souza Oliveira, Victor Pena Ribeiro, Jairo Kenupp Bastos, Denise Crispim Tavares","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2024.2431921","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2024.2431921","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brazilian propolis produced by honeybees have been widely studied, but few data exist regarding the safety and pharmacological potential of this natural product. The aim of the present study was to examine the toxicity, genotoxicity, and chemoprevention effects attributed to exposure to the brown propolis hydroalcoholic extract (BPHE) of <i>Araucaria sp</i>. Acute oral toxicity test was conducted using Wistar Hannover rats, demonstrating that the highest dose tested (2,000 mg/kg b.w.) produced no apparent adverse effects or lethality. The micronucleus (MN) genotoxicity test was conducted using peripheral blood from Swiss mice, which also noted that BPHE did not induce significant chromosomal damage. It is of interest that BPHE at a dose of 12 mg/kg b.w. exhibited antigenotoxic effects against the doxorubicin (DXR)-induced damage. However, BPHE did not influence the depletion of reduced glutathione induced by DXR in mice. It is noteworthy that BPHE exerted chemopreventive effects at doses 6, 12, and 24 mg/kg b.w. The determination of this effect of BPHE on colon carcinogenesis was examined using aberrant crypt foci (ACF) as evidenced by histological analysis. The colons of animals treated with BPHE (12 mg/kg b.w.) exhibited a significant reduction in staining for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein following 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-and BPHE combined treatments. Hence, it is conceivable that the anti-inflammatory activity of the chemical constituents of BPHE are involved in its chemopreventive action against colon carcinogenesis as evidenced from ACF assay. Therefore, BHPE was found to be a safe product, without any apparent significant acute adverse risk. Further, the extract exhibited antigenotoxic and anticarcinogenic activities which may be considered for beneficial uses in colon carcinogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"196-208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142752338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Force-induced tissue compression alters circulating hormone levels and biomarkers of peripheral vascular and sensorineural dysfunction in an animal model of hand-arm vibration syndrome.","authors":"Kristine Krajnak, Stacey Waugh, Christopher Warren, Phillip Chapman, Xueyan Xu, Daniel Welcome, Maryann Hammer, Diana Richardson, Renguang Dong","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2024.2428599","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2024.2428599","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Workers regularly using vibrating hand tools may develop a disorder referred to as hand-arm vibration syndrome (HAVS). HAVS is characterized by cold-induced vasospasms in the hands and fingers that result in blanching of the skin, loss of sensory function, pain, and reductions in manual dexterity. Exposure to vibration induces some of these symptoms. However, the soft tissues of the hands and fingers of workers are compressed as a result of the force generated when a worker grips a tool. The compression of these soft tissues might also contribute to the development of HAVS. The goal of this study was to use an established rat tail model to determine the mechanisms by which compression of the tail tissues affects (1) the ventral tail artery (VTA) and ventral tail nerves (VTN), (2) nerves and sensory receptors in the skin, (3) dorsal root ganglia (DRG), and (4) spinal cord. Tissue compression resulted in the following changes (1) circulating pituitary and steroid hormone concentrations, (2) expression of factors that modulate vascular function in the skin and tail artery, and (3) factors associated with nerve damage, DRG, and spinal cord. Some of these observed effects differed from those previously noted with vibration exposure. Based upon these findings, the effects of applied force and vibration are different. Studies examining the combination of these factors might provide data that may potentially be used to improve risk assessment and support revision of standards.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"175-195"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11696796/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thirty years of surveillance of depleted uranium-exposed Gulf War veterans demonstrate continued effects to bone health.","authors":"Melissa A McDiarmid, Sammy Almashat, Marianne Cloeren, Marian Condon, Marc Oliver, Tracy Roth, Patricia Gucer, Clayton H Brown, Hilary B Whitlatch, Kenneth C Wang, Jigar B Patel, Moira Dux, Terry Lee-Wilk, Dong Lee, Michael R Lewin-Smith, Hanna Xu, Frederick G Strathmann, John A Koslowski, Maria A Velez-Quinones, Joanna M Gaitens","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2024.2432021","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2024.2432021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the spring of 2024, 33 members of a group of Gulf War I veterans wounded in depleted uranium (DU) friendly-fire incidents were seen at the Baltimore VA Medical Center for surveillance related to their combat exposure. The cohort was assessed with a protocol which includes exposure monitoring for total and isotopic uranium (U) concentrations in urine and a comprehensive assessment of health outcomes including measures of bone metabolism and bone mineral density (BMD). An audiometry examination of the cohort was added to assess for acoustic trauma and toxic metal effects in this surveillance episode marking over 30 years since this exposure event. Elevated urine U concentrations were detected in cohort members with retained DU shrapnel fragments. In addition, a measure of bone resorption, N-telopeptide, determined in urine, exhibited a significant increase in the high DU sub-group. In addition, and similar to our previous surveillance report, a significant decrease was found in bone mass in the high DU sub-group compared to the low DU sub-group. It has been 30 years since the first surveillance visit occurred. An aging cohort of military veterans continues to demonstrate few U-related adverse health effects in known target organs attributed to U toxicity exposure. The new finding of impaired BMD in older cohort members has now been detected in three consecutive surveillance visits. This is a biologically plausible outcome related to the diminished bone mass in those with an elevated DU burden in combination with advancing age. The accumulating U burden derived from fragment absorption over time and the effect of aging on bone mineral loss recommends that our surveillance efforts need to continue. Our findings enable early detection of bone effects and other signs of target organ insult, which may occur when tissue injury thresholds are reached in the future and thus, permitting indicated medical management.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"209-225"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142734748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of <i>in silico</i> and <i>in vivo</i> pharmacokinetic and toxicological parameters of dillapiole <i>n</i>-butyl ether.","authors":"Daniel Luís Viana Cruz, Ana Cristina da Silva Pinto, Mayla Silva Leão Ferreira, Douglas Emanuel Mota de Souza, Leonard Domingo Rosales Acho, José Fernando Marques Barcellos, Emerson Silva Lima, Fernanda Guilhon-Simplicio, Míriam Silva Rafael","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2473557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2025.2473557","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The larvicidal effect of dillapiole and its semi-synthetic derivatives on <i>Aedes aegypti</i> (<i>Ae. Aegypti</i>), the main transmitter of arboviruses such as dengue (DENV), Zika (ZIKV), and Chikungunya (CHIKV), is well - established. Among dillapiole derivatives, the <i>n</i>-butyl ether dillapiole stands out attributed to significant larvicidal potential against <i>Ae. aegypti</i>. However, studies are needed to assess the adverse risk following exposure to this chemical on non-target organisms. The aim of this study was to examine the risk of toxic consequences attributed to exposure to dillapiole <i>n</i>-butyl ether (DBE) by determining pharmacokinetic, biochemical and histopathological parameters. Dillapiole <i>n</i>-butyl ether was tested utilizing male Balb/C mice at concentrations of 10, 20 or 40 mg/kg. Subsequently, peripheral blood was obtained for biochemical analyses, kidney and livers for histopathological examination. DBE decreased serum creatinine levels et 10 or 40 mg/kg. Urea levels were reduced at 10 mg/kg but elevated at 20 mg/kg. Serum gamma-GT was significantly lowered at 40 mg/kg. Alkaline phosphatase activity was significantly decreased at 20 and 40 mg/kg/. In contrast, alanine aminotransferase activity was significantly elevated. At concentrations of 10 and 20 mg/kg DBE, dose-dependent elevation in number of binucleated hepatocytes, steatosis (micro- and macrovacuolar) and necrotic foci were observed. In kidney, progressive impairment of glomerular and tubular structure was detected accompanied by inflammation, degeneration, and cellular necrosis more pronounced at higher doses, resulting in significant loss of renal parenchyma at 40 mg/kg. Data demonstrate that DBE initiated dose-dependent hepatic and renal structural changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}