Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues最新文献

{"title":"Chemical composition, <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in silico</i> activity of the methanolic extract derived from <i>Vassobia breviflora</i> against clinically relevant bacteria.","authors":"Altevir Rossato Viana, Erdi Can Aytar, Nickolas Pippi, Daniel Santos, Cristiano Rodrigo Bohn Rhoden, Bruno Stefanello Vizzotto, Erico Marlon Moraes Flores, André Passaglia Schuch, Luciana Maria Fontanari Krause","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2453858","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2453858","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to identify chemical compounds derived from Vassobia breviflora methanolic extract using ESI-ToF-MS and their antioxidant potential activity utilizing the following methods: total phenols, DPPH, and ABTS^•+. The MTT assay measured cytotoxic activity, while DCFH-DA and nitric oxide assays were employed to determine reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) levels using African green monkey kidney (VERO) and human keratinocyte (HaCat) cell lines. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) were assessed in seven clinical isolates and nine ATCC strains. Biofilm inhibition was tested against four biofilm-forming strains. The antioxidant properties of the methanolic extract were identified as follows: 35.74 mg GAE/g (gallic acid equivalents)/g for total phenols, 10.5 µg/ml for DPPH, and 50.68 µmol trolox/µg for ABTS^•+. The mean inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) values were 622.86 µg/ml (VERO) and 784.33 µg/ml (HaCat). These concentrations did not markedly alter levels of ROS and RNS. Conversely, <i>Bacillus cereus</i> β-hemolytic displayed higher sensitivity to the extract, with MIC of 64 µg/ml and MBC of 128 µg/ml. <i>Enterococcus faecium</i> exhibited the lowest biofilm formation among the tested bacteria. The studied plant exhibited activity against all bacterial strains at concentrations lower than the IC50 VERO and HaCat cells, suggesting potential for future studies. Data present a comprehensive molecular docking analysis against the HlyIIR protein (PDB ID: 2FX0) and determined antimicrobial and endocrine-modulating potentials. Notably, lancifodilactone I and nicandrin B demonstrated the strongest binding affinities, with binding energies of -9.8 kcal/mol and -8.3 kcal/mol, respectively, and demonstrated significant antimicrobial effects against B. cereus. In addition, several compounds showed potential interactions with nuclear receptors, indicating potential endocrine-modulating effects. These findings provide insights into developing target-specific antimicrobial therapies and endocrine-modulating agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"463-478"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143029999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Contamination levels and distribution of persistent and non-persistent pollutants in paired hair, urine and serum samples from a Belgian non-occupationally exposed population.","authors":"Julien Claessens, Patrice Dufour, Nadia Dardenne, Corinne Charlier, Catherine Pirard","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2451676","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2451676","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Designing ideal human biomonitoring studies involves the selection of reliable markers of exposure in adequate biological matrix. Besides conventional matrices such as blood or urine, hair has been increasingly investigated as a promising noninvasive alternative. However, understanding the pollutant distribution between differing biological compartments is essential for reliable interpretation of data collected. Therefore, the contamination levels and the distribution of some persistent (8 perfluoroalkyl substances - PFAS - and 6 polychlorobiphenyls - PCBs) and non-persistent pollutants (2 bisphenols and 3 parabens) were investigated in paired serum and hair samples, or paired spot urine and hair samples obtained from 30 Belgian non-occupationally exposed individuals. The levels measured were close to those reported in recent larger-scale studies. PFAS, PCB and bisphenol distributions largely differed depending upon the matrix and within the same chemical family depending upon the congener. The correlation and agreement between pollutant levels in differing matrices demonstrated that the information provided is comparable only for highly chlorinated PCBs and parabens, while the classification of exposure for bisphenols was substantially different according to the matrix. The selection of the human matrix thus remains complex and might markedly bias the results obtained, especially when assessing the health risk related to chemical exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"447-462"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual synergetic approach for targeting dysfunctional cells based on rare-earth-doped forsterite nanoparticles.","authors":"Rúbia Young Sun Zampiva, Claudir Gabriel Kaufmann, Altevir Rossato Viana, Cristiano Rodrigo Bohn Rhoden, Luciana Maria Fontanari Krause, Carlos Jacinto, Sergio Roberto Mortari, Marco Rossi, Carlos Pérez Bergmann, Annelise Kopp Alves","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2511139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2025.2511139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, forsterite (Fo, Mg₂SiO₄) has emerged as a promising biomaterial for bone tissue engineering scaffolds, demonstrating efficacy in inhibiting the growth of clinical bacterial isolates. In addition, rare-earth (RE) doped Fo exhibits excitation properties that match the near-infrared (NIR) biological transparency window (700-1800 nm), facilitating deep penetration into biological tissues. Despite these advantageous properties, data on the toxicity of RE-doped forsterite is lacking, and effects on damaged or dysfunctional cells, such as cancer cells, are not known. The aim of this study was to examine the toxicity of RE-doped forsterite nanoparticles (NPs) in cultures of healthy and tumor skin cells. Specifically, forsterite doped with Er³⁺, Yb³⁺, and a combination of Er³⁺/Yb³⁺, produced via reverse strike coprecipitation (RSC), was employed in cytotoxicity assays. The influence of solution pH on the toxicity response was also investigated. Data demonstrated that all NPs exhibited biocompatibility with HaCaT keratinocytes, while melanoma B16-F10 cells showed increased cell death. Photoluminescence (PL) analyses found that Fo:Yb displayed enhanced blue emission under 980 nm excitation, whereas Fo:Er/Yb exhibited green and red emissions. Data suggest that combining alkalinization effect of forsterite with the up-conversion (UC) photoactivity of NPs might serve as a dual-attack system for <i>in situ</i> oncological treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144192533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecotoxicity of nicosulfuron and S-metolachlor-based herbicides on non-target plants.","authors":"Rafaela Carvalho de Souza, Leonardo Mendes Silva, Murilo Jovino Moraes, Larissa Fonseca Andrade Vieira","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2507892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2025.2507892","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herbicides have been extensively researched due to widespread use in agriculture, consequently raising concerns regarding their environmental impact and potential adverse effects on non-target organisms, including humans. Nicosulfuron is a post-emergence herbicide used to control annual or perennial grasses and broad-leaved weeds. In contrast, S-metolachlor is primarily employed as a pre-emergence herbicide for managing annual grasses and certain broad-leaved weeds in intensive cropping systems. This study aimed to assess the effects of two commercial herbicides, one based upon nicosulfuron and the other upon S-metolachlor active ingredients, on the early developmental stages of the plant models <i>Lactuca sativa</i> L. (lettuce), <i>Raphanus sativus</i> (radish), <i>Pennisetum glaucum</i> (L.) R. Br. (millet), and <i>Triticum aestivum</i> (wheat), as evidenced from germination and seedling development bioassays. Results indicated that all plant models exhibited phytotoxic responses, including inhibited germination, reduced germination speed index, and impaired seedling growth and development, ultimately leading to decreased fresh weight. Among the plant species tested, <i>T. aestivum</i> was the most sensitive, while <i>R. sativus</i> was the least affected. Data suggest that nicosulfuron and S-metolachlor-based herbicides exert significant phytotoxic effects on non-target plants, offering valuable insights for future research on the environmental impacts of these substances.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined anticancer effects of <i>Chamaecytisus hirsutus</i> extract and photodynamic therapy in Gastric cancer cells.","authors":"Metin Caliskan, Sercin Ozlem Caliskan, Emine Incilay Torunoglu, Alper Durmaz, Zekeriya Duzgun, Erdi Can Aytar","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2508839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2025.2508839","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The particular plant found in Türkiye, <i>Chamaecytisus hirsutus</i> ;(Fabaceae), has no studies examining its biological effects. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the phytochemical composition, chemical profile, antioxidant activity, xanthine oxidase inhibition, anticancer effects, and photodynamic therapy potential of <i>C. hirsutus</i> methanol extract. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis identified important compounds such as laminitol (28.74%), quinolinic acid (20.23%), and 2-(1,3-Dioxan-2-yl) ethanol (17.27%). The IC₅₀ value of the extract in the DPPH assay was 378.77 ± 4.70 mg/mL, demonstrating significant antioxidant activity. The xanthine oxidase inhibition was found to be 45.75 ± 2.59%, indicating significant free radical scavenging activity. The total phenolic, flavonoid, flavanols, and tannin contents were determined to be 35.14 ± 2.60 mg GAE/g extract, 12.90 ± 0.27 mg QE/g extract, 20.67 ± 0.81 mg QE/g extract, and 2.49 ± 0.12 mg GAE/g extract, respectively. The extract reduced the viability of MKN28 cancer cells by approximately 85% at a concentration of 0.4 mg/mL, demonstrating significant anticancer activity. Combination therapy with photodynamic therapy further enhanced the cytotoxic effect. Additionally, the binding affinities of these compounds with the 1GUX target protein were evaluated using molecular docking, and 4-Methyl-2-pentadecyl-1,3-dioxolane and Laminitol were determined as the strongest inhibitors with binding energies of -6.9 kcal/mol and -6.1 kcal/mol, respectively. Molecular dynamics simulations confirmed the stability of these interactions, with 4-Methyl-2-pentadecyl-1,3-dioxolane emerging as the compound with the strongest binding affinity. These findings suggest that <i>C. hirsutus</i> extract has the potential to be a powerful anticancer agent when used in photodynamic therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"1-24"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrative assessment of the genotoxic effects of the neurotoxin saxitoxin produced by the freshwater cyanobacterium <i>Raphidiopsis raciborskii</i>.","authors":"Cynthia Silva Porta, Ana Paula de Souza, Felipe Umpierre Conter, Jaqueline Nascimento Picada, Juliana da Silva, João Sarkis Yunes, Daniel Rodrigo Marinowic, Rafael Rodrigues Dihl","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2509761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2025.2509761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Saxitoxin (STX), a potent neurotoxin produced by cyanobacteria, has not been comprehensively investigated with respect to genotoxic potential, especially in freshwater environments. This study aimed to characterize the genotoxic potential of STX obtained from <i>Raphidiopsis</i>. <i>raciborskii</i> cultures using <i>in vitro</i> and <i>in silico</i> approaches. Mutagenic potential was determined through the Ames test with <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> strains TA98, TA100, and TA102. DNA damage and chromosomal instability were assessed in human glioblastoma U87-MG cells using the comet and cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMN-Cyt) assay, respectively. In addition, systems biology tools were applied to explore STX interactions with genes involved in DNA damage response pathways. Data demonstrated no marked mutagenic activity in the Ames test across tested concentrations (0.625-10 µg/L). However, significant DNA damage and increased micronucleus (MN) formation were observed at 2.5, 5, or 10 µg/L in U87-MG cells, without accompanying cytotoxicity. <i>In silico</i> analysis identified interactions between STX and key proteins, including P53, CDK5, and GSK3B, indicating pathways related to DNA damage, cell cycle regulation, and neurogenesis. These findings suggest that STX from freshwater cyanobacteria might induce genotoxic effects at environmentally relevant concentrations. The integration of <i>in vitro</i> and computational data supports the need for regulatory monitoring of STX in drinking water and emphasizes the relevance of neural cell-based models in assessing cyanotoxin-related adverse risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxic effects of tetracycline on non-target lichen <i>Evernia prunastri</i>.","authors":"Gintarė Sujetovienė, Martynas Jasas, Diana Miškelytė, Austra Dikšaitytė, Irena Januškaitienė, Giedrė Kacienė, Renata Dagiliūtė, Jūratė Žaltauskaitė","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2024.2445081","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2024.2445081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tetracycline (TC) antibiotics are one of the class of drugs widely used in clinical practice but also constitute a significant environmental concern. However, the adverse effects of TC on non-target organisms have not been well studied. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of exposure to high levels of TC on thalli of lichens to determine the impact on (1) physiological parameters including integrity of cell membranes, photosynthetic efficiency and viability, (2) oxidative stress response such as membrane lipid peroxidation, and (3) enzymatic antioxidant activities as catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and glutathione reductase (GR). Data demonstrated that exposure to tetracycline did not markedly affect the lichen membrane damage as indicated by no change in conductivity. This antibiotic diminished the potential photosystem II efficiency (F_V/F_M) indicating enhanced susceptibility as evidenced by lower chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll content. The viability of lichens exposed to high concentrations of tetracycline was significantly reduced. The concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were markedly elevated with increasing concentrations of antibiotics. At higher TC concentrations, 500 mg/L SOD activity was significantly elevated. In the case of CAT, APX and GR, TC at higher concentrations significantly decreased these enzymic activities. The findings of this study contribute to the knowledge that TC antibiotics exert adverse ecotoxicological effects on lichens at high concentrations and provided a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying toxicity. Data also indicates that lichens may serve as an effective biomonitoring species for TC antibiotic exposure.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"395-408"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142886480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Buthionine sulfoximine acts synergistically with doxorubicin as a sensitizer molecule on different tumor cell lines.","authors":"Joedna Cavalcante Pereira, Rayran Walter Ramos de Sousa, Micaely Lorrana Pereira Conceição, Maria Luísa Lima Barreto do Nascimento, Ana Tárcila Alves de Almeida, Antonielly Campinho Dos Reis, Mickael Laudrup de Sousa Cavalcante, Camila Dos Reis Oliveira, Italo Rossi Roseno Martins, Francisco Leonardo Torres-Leal, Dalton Dittz, João Marcelo de Castro E Sousa, Paulo Michel Pinheiro Ferreira, Felipe Cavalcanti Carneiro da Silva","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2024.2448663","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2024.2448663","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The chemotherapeutic drug doxorubicin (DOX) has been widely used for treating solid tumors attributed to its antiproliferative effectiveness; however, its clinical use is limited due to side effects, including cardiotoxicity, myelosuppression, and drug resistance. Combining DOX with buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), a glutathione (GSH) synthesis inhibitor, showed promising results in overcoming these adverse effects, potentially reducing the required DOX dose while maintaining efficacy. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of different concentrations of BSO and DOX, both individually and in combination, utilizing B16/F10 (murine melanoma), SNB-19 (human glioblastoma), S180 (murine sarcoma), and SVEC4-10 (murine endothelial) cell lines. Cell viability, migration, and clonogenicity were assessed using the following assays MTT, scratch, and colony formation. Antioxidant levels of GSH, as well as activities catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured. BSO alone exhibited minimal cytotoxic effects, while DOX alone reduced cell viability significantly. The combination of BSO+DOX decreased IC₅₀ values for most cell lines, demonstrating a synergistic effect, especially in B16/F10, S180, and SVEC4-10 cells. BSO+DOX combination significantly inhibited cell migration and clonogenicity compared to DOX alone. While GSH levels were decreased with BSO+DOX treatment activities of CAT and SOD increased following DOX administration but remained unchanged by BSO. These results suggest that BSO may be considered a valuable tool to improve DOX therapeutic efficacy, particularly in cases of chemotherapy-resistant tumors, as BSO enhances DOX activity while potentially reducing systemic chemotherapeutic drug toxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"409-431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microcystin-LR induces lung injury in mice through the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.","authors":"Yin Zhang, Ying Guan, Manni Dai, Yue Yang, Fei Yang","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2024.2443525","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15287394.2024.2443525","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) a cyclic toxin produced by cyanobacterial species is known to exert detrimental effects on various organs, including lung. Several investigators demonstrated that MC-LR exerts pulmonary toxicity, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether exposure to MC-LR-induced lung inflammation and examine the underlying mechanisms. Thirty specific pathogen-free (SPF) male mice were allocated into control and MC-LR treatment groups. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with physiological saline or MC-LR (20 μg/kg) daily for a total of 21 days. Our findings indicated that exposure to MC-LR-produced histopathological changes in lung tissue, including thickening of alveolar walls and inflammatory infiltration. MC-LR was found to upregulate mRNA expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-18. Further, MC-LR significantly elevated the expression levels of proteins associated with the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway p-NF-κB, NLRP3, Caspase-1, ASC. The activation of NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway further promoted the release of inflammatory cytokine IL-1β and cleavage of pyroptosis-associated GSDMD protein. These findings indicate that MC-LR may induce lung inflammation by promoting cell pyroptosis via the activation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"385-394"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cytogenotoxicity attributed to ioxynil octanoate exposure utilizing <i>Allium cepa</i> L as a model.","authors":"Gabriela Ezequiel Costa Martins, Jade Del Nero Oliveira, João Vitor Barbosa Calvelli, Antonio Rodrigues da Cunha Neto, Eric Batista Ferreira, Luciene de Oliveira Ribeiro Trindade, Sandro Barbosa","doi":"10.1080/15287394.2025.2504144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2025.2504144","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ioxynil octanoate, considered to be non-genotoxic, is widely used as a post-emergence herbicide. However, extensive agricultural usage might potentially adversely affect non-target organisms, indicating the need for a comprehensive toxicological reassessment. The aim of this study was to investigate the phytotoxic and cytogenotoxic effects attributed to exposure to this herbicide on <i>Allium cepa</i> L. examining germination, early growth, cell cycle progression, and genomic stability. Herbicide concentrations of 52, 209, 837, or 3350 ppm were tested. Distilled water was used as a negative control, while 10 ppm methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) served as a positive control in the comet assay. Parameters determined included germination, root and shoot growth, biomass accumulation, qualitative lipid peroxidation, mitotic index, chromosomal aberrations, and DNA fragmentation via the comet assay. All tested concentrations significantly reduced seed germination and seedling development, with 3350 ppm completely inhibiting normal growth. Histochemical analysis demonstrated significant oxidative stress. A mitodepressive effect exceeding 72% was observed after 72 hr exposure. DNA fragmentation induced by 837 and 3350 ppm was comparable to that of MMS. The association between comet assay results and the presence of micronuclei reinforces the compromise of genomic stability in <i>A. cepa</i> exposed to the compound. Data demonstrated that ioxynil octanoate, even at field-relevant concentrations, impaired cell division, and genomic integrity, indicative of significant cytogenotoxicity. These findings emphasize the need to reevaluate agricultural use of ioxynil octanoate, considering potential environmental risks to non-target organisms and the importance of complementary genotoxicological studies involving both target and non-target organisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":54758,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A-Current Issues","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}