Nutrition Research Reviews最新文献

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Coffee and health outcomes: a systematic review of Mendelian randomisation studies. 咖啡与健康结果:孟德尔随机化研究的系统回顾。
IF 4.5 2区 医学
Nutrition Research Reviews Pub Date : 2025-10-10 DOI: 10.1017/S0954422425100206
Kitty Pham, Nigussie Assefa Kassaw, Anwar Mulugeta, Ang Zhou, Elina Hyppönen
{"title":"Coffee and health outcomes: a systematic review of Mendelian randomisation studies.","authors":"Kitty Pham, Nigussie Assefa Kassaw, Anwar Mulugeta, Ang Zhou, Elina Hyppönen","doi":"10.1017/S0954422425100206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422425100206","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coffee is a widely consumed beverage, which has been extensively studied for its potential effects on health. We aimed to map genetic evidence for the effect of habitual coffee consumption on health. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL and two preprint repositories from inception to 30/09/2022, and included 59 studies, spanning 160 disease or biomarker associations. We evaluated the articles for certainty of evidence using a modified GRADE tool and robustness of the associations by comparing MR sensitivity analyses. Coffee consumption was associated with smaller grey matter brain volume in one study, and there was probable evidence for an increased risk of Alzheimer's disease and younger age of onset of Huntington's disease. MR studies provided probable evidence for an association with increased risk of esophageal and digestive cancers but protective effects for hepatocellular carcinomas and ovarian cancer. We found probable evidence for increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, menopausal disorders, glaucoma, higher total cholesterol, LDL-C and ApoB, and lowered risk of migraines, kidney disease, and gallstone disease. Future studies should aim to understand underlying mechanisms of disease, expand knowledge in non-European cohorts, and develop quality assessment tools for systematic reviews of MR studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-50"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145260167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lipid intake in infants from birth to 3 years old: review of current guidelines and knowledge gaps. 出生至3岁婴儿的脂质摄入:当前指南和知识差距的回顾
IF 4.5 2区 医学
Nutrition Research Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-29 DOI: 10.1017/S095442242510019X
Nazek Najdi, Camille Jung, Eurídice Castañeda-Gutiérrez, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Virginie Beraud, Noël Peretti, Camille Jung, Marc Belaïche, Karim Bouziane-Nedjadi, Haude Clouzeau, Stéphanie Coopman, Clémentine De L'Hermuzière, Vanessa Degas, Alexandre Fabre, Karine Garcette, Arnaud Lalanne, Delphine Ley, Christine Martinez-Vinson, Hugues Piloquet, Isabelle Scheers, Noël Peretti
{"title":"Lipid intake in infants from birth to 3 years old: review of current guidelines and knowledge gaps.","authors":"Nazek Najdi, Camille Jung, Eurídice Castañeda-Gutiérrez, Marie-Caroline Michalski, Virginie Beraud, Noël Peretti, Camille Jung, Marc Belaïche, Karim Bouziane-Nedjadi, Haude Clouzeau, Stéphanie Coopman, Clémentine De L'Hermuzière, Vanessa Degas, Alexandre Fabre, Karine Garcette, Arnaud Lalanne, Delphine Ley, Christine Martinez-Vinson, Hugues Piloquet, Isabelle Scheers, Noël Peretti","doi":"10.1017/S095442242510019X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S095442242510019X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipids are essential for child development. Nutritional recommendations are numerous, evolving over time and are often based on expert opinions more than evidence-based medicine. The objective of this review is to critically analyse the evolution of current nutritional recommendations, identify existing knowledge gaps, and propose avenues for improvement to optimize infant nutrition and development. A narrative literature review on Pubmed, EMBASE and Cochrane (2001-2022) has been conducted with keywords: \"alpha-linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, children, cholesterol, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, guidelines, infant, LC-PUFA, linoleic acid, lipids and dietary intakes, newborn, palmitic acid, toddler\". Among 861 articles identified, 133 were selected. The main current recommendations are issued by AFSSA, ANSES and FAO-WHO. In infants from 0 to 3 years of age the main challenge is to increase lipid intake while maintaining an optimal omega 6/omega 3 ratio. Current recommendations are focused on polyunsaturated fatty acids, emphasising the intake of linoleic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids without any specific recommendation for arachidonic acid before the age of 6 months. Points of interest, but without any recommendation, are the incorporation of milk fat, cholesterol, monounsaturated fatty acids, and saturated fatty acids for infants under 6 months. In conclusion, this article identifies knowledge gaps regarding the structural aspect of lipids and the integration of new categories of lipids in future recommendations to promote the quality of infant formulas.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-52"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dietary interventions on nutritional management of population with urolithiasis: a systematic review of clinical evidence. 饮食干预对尿石症患者营养管理的影响:临床证据的系统综述。
IF 4.5 2区 医学
Nutrition Research Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1017/S0954422425100188
Brenda Pacheco-Hernández, Delia Sansores-España, Isabel Medina-Vera, Héctor Rubio-Zapata, Juan G Reyes-García, Héctor I Rocha-González, Martha Guevara-Cruz, Ana Ligia Gutiérrez-Solis, Roberto Lugo, Claudia C Márquez-Mota, Azalia Avila-Nava
{"title":"Dietary interventions on nutritional management of population with urolithiasis: a systematic review of clinical evidence.","authors":"Brenda Pacheco-Hernández, Delia Sansores-España, Isabel Medina-Vera, Héctor Rubio-Zapata, Juan G Reyes-García, Héctor I Rocha-González, Martha Guevara-Cruz, Ana Ligia Gutiérrez-Solis, Roberto Lugo, Claudia C Márquez-Mota, Azalia Avila-Nava","doi":"10.1017/S0954422425100188","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422425100188","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urolithiasis (UL) is a multifactorial condition whose global prevalence has been increasing in recent years, and it is closely associated with dietary factors. Diet is one of the key elements linked to the development of UL due to the intake of many nutrients that cause metabolic alterations associated with the crystallisation process and the risk of developing urinary stones. Despite the crucial role of diet, few studies have implemented dietary interventions. In this sense, dietary modifications play a fundamental role in the prevention, control and management of UL. Thus, the aim of this systematic review is to summarise the main beneficial effects of dietary interventions in populations with UL. A comprehensive search was conducted in MEDLINE/PubMed, SpringerLink, Google Scholar, Scielo and Redalyc databases for intervention studies published up to July 2025 that reported dietary interventions aimed at preventing and controlling UL. The risk of bias and quality of studies were assessed. A total of twenty-six articles were included, focusing on dietary interventions such as controlling sodium, oxalate, calcium, citrate and protein intake, as well as low-calorie diets. In addition, foods such as lemon, orange, melon, lime, cranberry, apple juices, milk, vinegar, black seed, green bean extract, probiotics and synbiotic were also explored, which promoted significant changes in serum and urinary parameters related to UL. This review compiles evidence on dietary intervention strategies that lead to significant improvements in biochemical parameters in populations with UL (PROSPERO CRD42022361702).</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145042422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relevance of nonessential amino acids in low crude protein diets for broiler chickens - an updated review. 肉鸡低粗蛋白质饲粮中非必需氨基酸的相关性研究进展
IF 4.5 2区 医学
Nutrition Research Reviews Pub Date : 2025-09-11 DOI: 10.1017/S0954422425100176
Wolfgang Siegert, Adewunmi Omotoso, Philipp Hofmann, Markus Rodehutscord
{"title":"Relevance of nonessential amino acids in low crude protein diets for broiler chickens - an updated review.","authors":"Wolfgang Siegert, Adewunmi Omotoso, Philipp Hofmann, Markus Rodehutscord","doi":"10.1017/S0954422425100176","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422425100176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reducing crude protein in amino acid-adequate diets for broiler chickens is effective in reducing nitrogenous emissions and competition for resources between the food and feed sectors. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the literature on the relevance of nonessential amino acids in low protein diets for broiler chickens. Glycine and serine, owing to their interconvertibility summarised as glycine equivalents (Gly<sub>equi</sub>), limit growth when dietary crude protein is reduced below 19% in up to 3-week-old birds. Considering essential amino acids and the variable Gly<sub>equi</sub> requirements enables the reduction of dietary crude protein to ∼16% without compromising growth. Variation in Gly<sub>equi</sub> requirements likely occurs predominantly from the varying amounts of uric acid formed. Other influences seem to exert lower impacts on dietary Gly<sub>equi</sub> requirements. Asparagine or glutamine is probably the growth-limiting amino acid when crude protein is reduced below 16%. Alternatively, nonspecific amino-nitrogen may be lacking in such diets. The current potential to reduce dietary crude protein when using free essential and nonessential amino acids enables to increase the efficiency of nitrogen utilisation to a value above 80%. This coincides with reduced uric acid synthesis and energy expenditure for nitrogen excretion. The lower nitrogen excretion via the urine results in a lower energy expenditure. Hence, dietary energy may prospectively be reduced once the energy-sparing effect is quantified, thereby further reducing the competition for resources between food and feed.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145034643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Dietary inflammatory index, body adiposity indicators and blood pressure in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 儿童和青少年饮食炎症指数、体脂指标和血压:系统回顾和荟萃分析
IF 4.5 2区 医学
Nutrition Research Reviews Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1017/S0954422425100164
Luana de Oliveira Leite, Carlos Rodrigo Nascimento Lira, Jacqueline Costa Dias Pitangueira, Priscila Ribas de Farias Costa
{"title":"Dietary inflammatory index, body adiposity indicators and blood pressure in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Luana de Oliveira Leite, Carlos Rodrigo Nascimento Lira, Jacqueline Costa Dias Pitangueira, Priscila Ribas de Farias Costa","doi":"10.1017/S0954422425100164","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422425100164","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dietary inflammatory index (DII) has emerged as a promising tool associated with the development of cardiovascular risk factors. This systematic review and meta-analysis, developed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (the protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under number CRD42022323267), aimed to synthesise observational studies that evaluated the association between the DII and indicators of body adiposity and blood pressure in children and adolescents. PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, LILACS, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar were searched, without time and language restrictions. The methodological quality of the studies and the certainty of the evidence were assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach, respectively. The meta-analysis revealed that a higher DII (pro-inflammatory diet) was significantly associated with increased odds of body adiposity, as indicated by body mass index (BMI) (odds ratio [OR] = 1·62; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1·38–1·86), waist circumference (OR = 1·45; 95% CI 1·10–1·81) and the waist-to-height ratio (OR = 1·76; 95% CI 1·38–2·14) in adolescents, compared with those with a lower DII (anti-inflammatory diet). In addition, for every unit increase in the DII, there was a small but significant rise in mean BMI (<i>β</i> = 0·06 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). The children’s dietary inflammatory index (CDII) showed no association with cardiometabolic risk factors. There were no consistent associations between the DII or CDII and blood pressure. In conclusion, while a pro-inflammatory diet (based on the DII) is linked to body adiposity, additional longitudinal studies are needed to explore these associations, particularly regarding the CDII and blood pressure.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144979012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of nutrition education programmes designed to improve dietary intake and nutrition knowledge in female athletes: a systematic review. 旨在提高女性运动员饮食摄入和营养知识的营养教育项目的效果:系统回顾。
IF 4.5 2区 医学
Nutrition Research Reviews Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1017/S0954422425100152
M Veloso-Pulgar, R Fernández de Arriba, A Farran-Codina
{"title":"Effects of nutrition education programmes designed to improve dietary intake and nutrition knowledge in female athletes: a systematic review.","authors":"M Veloso-Pulgar, R Fernández de Arriba, A Farran-Codina","doi":"10.1017/S0954422425100152","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422425100152","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proper nutrition enhances athletes’ performance and recovery during sports activities. This review aims to investigate the effects of nutrition education interventions on dietary intake, nutrition knowledge, and body composition of female athletes. From a comprehensive search, we identified twenty single-arm and eight double-arm studies that met the inclusion criteria. The interventions in these studies ranged from personalised consultations to group workshops. The mode of delivery was mainly face-to-face. Most of these interventions consisted of group sessions with variable duration and frequency. From the studies finally included, nutrition education intervention significantly increased the nutrition knowledge of female athletes in 76% and improved their dietary intake in 67%. However, only 44% of the studies that measured changes in body composition reported significant changes. Moreover, only a minority of studies (14%) maintained follow-up assessments to measure the lasting impact of the interventions. Overall, 60% of interventions were delivered by professional nutritionists or dietitians, ensuring high-quality education. There is a need for standardised methodologies and more robust study designs to better assess the effectiveness of nutrition education interventions. Knowing athletes’ preferences when planning education may improve engagement and intervention efficacy. Also, longer-term follow-up of athletes would allow for a more accurate evaluation of the consolidation of acquired knowledge. Including coaches in nutrition education interventions would probably amplify the impact on athletes’ dietary behaviours. Nutrition education can positively influence the knowledge and eating habits of female athletes, but its effect on body composition represents an area where much remains to be explored.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144735520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The impact of whey protein on plasma branched-chain amino acids and glycaemic control in humans. A narrative review. 乳清蛋白对人血浆支链氨基酸和血糖控制的影响。叙述性评论
IF 4.5 2区 医学
Nutrition Research Reviews Pub Date : 2025-07-10 DOI: 10.1017/S0954422425100140
Hannah L Bell, Kim G Jackson, Les A Crompton, David I Givens, Julie A Lovegrove
{"title":"The impact of whey protein on plasma branched-chain amino acids and glycaemic control in humans. A narrative review.","authors":"Hannah L Bell, Kim G Jackson, Les A Crompton, David I Givens, Julie A Lovegrove","doi":"10.1017/S0954422425100140","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422425100140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Impaired glycaemic control is a major risk factor for developing type 2 diabetes (T2D), a worldwide health epidemic intrinsically linked to diet and obesity. Whey proteins (WP) are increasingly popular supplements that are a rich source of branched-chain amino acids (BCAA), essential for muscle protein synthesis and metabolic regulation. In humans, fasting plasma concentrations of BCAA are maintained around 350 µM but become chronically elevated by 10-25% in persons with T2D. Little is known about whether BCAA from WP impacts circulating BCAA concentrations and contributes to this phenomenon. This narrative review used a systematic search approach with relevant keywords to identify evidence from randomised controlled trials in normoglycaemic humans and those with insulin resistance or T2D, on the effects of WP intake on plasma BCAA and glycaemic control. This review is, to the authors' knowledge, the first to specifically examine the effects of WP intake on plasma BCAA concentrations in relation to glycaemic control. Whilst the majority of acute studies identified (<i>n</i> = 6) reported that WP consumption between 10 and 50 g significantly elevates postprandial BCAA and insulin responses (as evidenced by peak concentration and/or area under the curve), evidence from chronic studies (<i>n</i> = 3) report inconsistent findings on the impact of 9-51 g of WP/d on fasting BCAA and glycaemic control (for example, fasting glucose and insulin, insulin clearance). Findings from this literature review highlight the need for further studies that investigate the relationship between WP consumption with BCAA and glycaemic control, and to determine underlying mechanisms of action.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Manganese in health and disease. 锰在健康和疾病。
IF 5.1 2区 医学
Nutrition Research Reviews Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1017/S0954422425100139
Yingchen Wang, Jinyou Li, Jing Zhuang, Yinhang Wu, Jiang Liu, Shuwen Han
{"title":"Manganese in health and disease.","authors":"Yingchen Wang, Jinyou Li, Jing Zhuang, Yinhang Wu, Jiang Liu, Shuwen Han","doi":"10.1017/S0954422425100139","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422425100139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Manganese (Mn) is a crucial trace element that actively participates in a diverse array of physiological processes. Mn is maintained at appropriate levels in the body by absorption and excretion by the body. Dysregulation of Mn homeostasis can lead to a variety of diseases, especially the accumulation of Mn in the brain, resulting in toxic side effects. We reviewed the metabolism and distribution of Mn at multiple levels, including organ, cellular and sub-cell levels. Mitochondria are the main sites of Mn metabolism and energy conversion in cells. Enhanced Mn superoxide dismutase activity reduces mitochondrial oxidative stress and inhibits cancer development. In addition, Mn enhances anti-cancer immune responses through the cGAS-STING pathway. We introduced various delivery vectors for Mn delivery to cancer sites for Mn supplementation and anti-cancer immunity. This review aims to provide new research perspectives for the application of Mn in the prevention and treatment of human diseases, especially by enhancing anti-cancer immune responses to inhibit cancer progression.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144318740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
From plant to brain: flavonoids in the management of obesity-associated cognitive dysfunction. 从植物到大脑:黄酮类化合物在肥胖相关认知功能障碍管理中的作用。
IF 5.1 2区 医学
Nutrition Research Reviews Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1017/S0954422425100085
Patrícia Berilli, Paulo Roberto de Araujo Berni, Laís Zandoná, Levi Nascimento Bellinazzi, Mario Roberto Maróstica Junior
{"title":"From plant to brain: flavonoids in the management of obesity-associated cognitive dysfunction.","authors":"Patrícia Berilli, Paulo Roberto de Araujo Berni, Laís Zandoná, Levi Nascimento Bellinazzi, Mario Roberto Maróstica Junior","doi":"10.1017/S0954422425100085","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422425100085","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity pathophysiological conditions and obesogenic diet compounds may influence brain function and structure and, ultimately, cognitive processes. Animal models of diet-induced obesity suggest that long-term dietary high fat and/or high sugar may compromise cognitive performance through concomitant peripheral and central disturbances. Some indicated mechanisms underlying this relationship are discussed here: adiposity, dyslipidaemia, inflammatory and oxidative status, insulin resistance, hormonal imbalance, altered gut microbiota and integrity, blood–brain barrier dysfunction, apoptosis/autophagy dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, vascular disturbances, cerebral protein aggregates, impaired neuroplasticity, abnormal neuronal network activity and neuronal loss. Mechanistic insights are vital for identifying potential preventive and therapeutic targets. In this sense, flavonoids have gained attention due to their abundant presence in vegetable and other natural sources, their comparatively negligible adverse effects and their capacity to cross the blood–brain barrier promptly. In recent years, interventions with flavonoid sources have proven to be efficient in restoring cognitive impairment related to obesity. Its modulatory effects occur directly and indirectly into the brain, and three fronts of action are highlighted here: (1) restoring physiological processes altered in obesity; (2) promoting additional neuroprotection to the endogenous system; and (3) improving neuroplasticity mechanisms that improve cognitive performance itself. Therefore, flavonoid consumption is a promising alternative tool for managing brain health and obesity-related cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-25"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144287083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring the efficacy and optimal dosages of omega-3 supplementation for companion animals. 探索对伴侣动物补充omega-3的功效和最佳剂量。
IF 5.1 2区 医学
Nutrition Research Reviews Pub Date : 2025-06-11 DOI: 10.1017/S0954422425100115
Thiago Henrique Annibale Vendramini, Pedro Henrique Marchi, Rodrigo Fernando Gomes Olivindo, Vivian Pedrinelli, Andressa Rodrigues Amaral, Mariana Santos de Miranda, Leonardo Andrade Príncipe, Cinthia Gonçalves Lenz Cesar, Rafael Vessecchi Amorim Zafalon, Mariana Pamplona Perini, Laís Oyama Cotrim Lima, Júlio Cesar de Carvalho Balieiro, Marcio Antonio Brunetto
{"title":"Exploring the efficacy and optimal dosages of omega-3 supplementation for companion animals.","authors":"Thiago Henrique Annibale Vendramini, Pedro Henrique Marchi, Rodrigo Fernando Gomes Olivindo, Vivian Pedrinelli, Andressa Rodrigues Amaral, Mariana Santos de Miranda, Leonardo Andrade Príncipe, Cinthia Gonçalves Lenz Cesar, Rafael Vessecchi Amorim Zafalon, Mariana Pamplona Perini, Laís Oyama Cotrim Lima, Júlio Cesar de Carvalho Balieiro, Marcio Antonio Brunetto","doi":"10.1017/S0954422425100115","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422425100115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review summarises findings from studies in companion animals with chronic diseases receiving omega-3 supplementation. Investigated conditions included dermatopathies (dogs <i>n</i> = 7), osteoarthritis (dogs <i>n</i> = 7, cats <i>n</i> = 2), cardiovascular diseases (dogs <i>n</i> = 7), dyslipidaemias (dogs <i>n</i> = 1), gastroenteropathies (dogs <i>n</i> = 2), chronic kidney disease (dogs <i>n</i> = 2, cats <i>n</i> = 3), cognitive impairment (dogs <i>n</i> = 4, cats <i>n</i> = 1), and behavioural disorders (dogs <i>n</i> = 3). When possible, dosages were standardised to mg/kg using available data on food intake and EPA/DHA concentrations. The minimum and maximum ranges of EPA and DHA, along with their ratios, were as follows: for dermatology 0·99-43 mg/kg EPA and 0·66-30 mg/kg DHA (ratio 1·4-3·4); for osteoarthritis 48-100 mg/kg EPA and 20-32 mg/kg DHA (ratio 1·5-3·4); cardiology 27-54·2 mg/kg EPA and 18-40·6 mg/kg DHA (ratio 1·3-1·5); dyslipidaemia 58·8 mg/kg EPA and 45·4 mg/kg DHA (ratio 1·3); cognition (1/5 studies) 225 mg/kg EPA and 90 mg/kg DHA (ratio 2·5); behaviour (1/3) 31 mg/kg EPA and 45 mg/kg DHA (ratio 0·7). Nephrology and oncology studies lacked sufficient data for calculation. Gastrointestinal diseases do not appear to benefit from omega-3 supplementation, likely due to inflammation-related malabsorption, although few adverse effects were reported in dogs. Other enteropathy studies were low-quality (case reports/series). The lowest omega-6/omega-3 ratio with anti-inflammatory effect was 1:3·75, and the highest was 5·5:1. In conclusion, the reviewed EPA and DHA doses appear effective for atopic dermatitis, osteoarthritis, cardiac disease, hyperlipidaemia, and cognitive and behavioural disorders. Further research is needed to clarify efficacy in gastrointestinal and oncological conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144267931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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