Matthew S Kaspy, Sarkis J Hannaian, Zachary W Bell, Tyler A Churchward-Venne
{"title":"The effects of branched-chain amino acids on muscle protein synthesis, muscle protein breakdown and associated molecular signalling responses in humans: an update.","authors":"Matthew S Kaspy, Sarkis J Hannaian, Zachary W Bell, Tyler A Churchward-Venne","doi":"10.1017/S0954422423000197","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422423000197","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Branched-chain amino acids (BCAA: leucine, isoleucine and valine) are three of the nine indispensable amino acids, and are frequently consumed as a dietary supplement by athletes and recreationally active individuals alike. The popularity of BCAA supplements is largely predicated on the notion that they can stimulate rates of muscle protein synthesis (MPS) and suppress rates of muscle protein breakdown (MPB), the combination of which promotes a net anabolic response in skeletal muscle. To date, several studies have shown that BCAA (particularly leucine) increase the phosphorylation status of key proteins within the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway involved in the regulation of translation initiation in human muscle. Early research in humans demonstrated that BCAA provision reduced indices of whole-body protein breakdown and MPB; however, there was no stimulatory effect of BCAA on MPS. In contrast, recent work has demonstrated that BCAA intake can stimulate postprandial MPS rates at rest and can further increase MPS rates during recovery after a bout of resistance exercise. The purpose of this evidence-based narrative review is to critically appraise the available research pertaining to studies examining the effects of BCAA on MPS, MPB and associated molecular signalling responses in humans. Overall, BCAA can activate molecular pathways that regulate translation initiation, reduce indices of whole-body and MPB, and transiently stimulate MPS rates. However, the stimulatory effect of BCAA on MPS rates is less than the response observed following ingestion of a complete protein source providing the full complement of indispensable amino acids.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"273-286"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10180119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Factors associated with eating rate: a systematic review and narrative synthesis informed by socio-ecological model.","authors":"Yang Chen, Anna Fogel, Yue Bi, Ching Chiuan Yen","doi":"10.1017/S0954422423000239","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422423000239","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Accumulating evidence shows associations between rapid eating and overweight. Modifying eating rate might be a potential weight management strategy without imposing additional dietary restrictions. A comprehensive understanding of factors associated with eating speed will help with designing effective interventions. The aim of this review was to synthesise the current state of knowledge on the factors associated with eating rate. The socio-ecological model (SEM) was utilised to scaffold the identified factors. A comprehensive literature search of eleven databases was conducted to identify factors associated with eating rate. The 104 studies that met the inclusion criteria were heterogeneous in design and methods of eating rate measurement. We identified thirty-nine factors that were independently linked to eating speed and mapped them onto the individual, social and environmental levels of the SEM. The majority of the reported factors pertained to the individual characteristics (<i>n</i> = 20) including demographics, cognitive/psychological factors and habitual food oral processing behaviours. Social factors (<i>n</i> = 11) included eating companions, social and cultural norms, and family structure. Environmental factors (<i>n</i> = 8) included food texture and presentation, methods of consumption or background sounds. Measures of body weight, food form and characteristics, food oral processing behaviours and gender, age and ethnicity were the most researched and consistent factors associated with eating rate. A number of other novel and underresearched factors emerged, but these require replication and further research. We highlight directions for further research in this space and potential evidence-based candidates for interventions targeting eating rate.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"376-395"},"PeriodicalIF":8.3,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41140811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of healthy food guidance for schools on food availability, purchasing and consumption among school children in New Zealand and Australia: an integrative review.","authors":"Danika Pillay, Ajmol Ali, Carol Wham","doi":"10.1017/S0954422424000362","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422424000362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Modifying the food environment holds promise for instilling healthier behaviours in children and may be an effective public health strategy for preventing childhood obesity and adverse health outcomes. The school food environment is a valuable setting to influence most children's dietary behaviours from an early age, yet evidence suggests that the New Zealand and Australian school food environment is not conducive to healthy food and drink consumption. The present study aimed to investigate the level of compliance in New Zealand and Australia with government guidelines for food and drink availability within schools and the subsequent effect on food consumption and purchasing behaviours of children. A systematic review utilising three databases, PubMed, Scopus and the Cochrane Library, was conducted. The research covered peer-reviewed studies from both New Zealand and Australia that met predefined inclusion criteria. Fifteen studies focused on assessing food availability within schools on the basis of government guidelines, and ten studies explored food purchasing and consumption by students influenced by changes to the school food environment. Results showed low compliance with government healthy food guidelines for schools, and significant socioeconomic disparities. Western Australia's clear targets as well as the mandatory monitoring systems in place stand out as being a significant enabler of greater compliance with government food policies. Interventions aimed at improving healthy food availability and promoting healthy options in the canteen may positively influence student purchasing and consumption habits. Strategies such as feedback models and incentivisation hold promise for promoting healthier school environments and influencing children's food choices.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142734743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A comprehensive review on the impact of hesperidin and its aglycone hesperetin on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and other liver disorders.","authors":"Aysegul Sivaslioglu, Zeynep Goktas","doi":"10.1017/S0954422424000350","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422424000350","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this review is to examine the effects of hesperidin and hesperetin on liver disorders. Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease is a complicated disorder influenced by many factors, including inflammation, diabetes and obesity. Currently, the most prominent treatment method is lifestyle changes. If left untreated, it can progress to cirrhosis, liver fibrosis and liver cancer. Hesperidin, which is a flavanone glycoside polyphenolic plant compound, belongs to the flavanone class and was first isolated from citrus peel. Hesperidin includes aglycone hesperetin and rutinoside sugar. It is the most dominant form of flavonoid in citrus fruits. In our review, we discuss the effects of these phytochemicals on liver diseases, focusing on their relationship with inflammation, blood sugar regulation and blood lipids. Hesperidin and hesperetin are seen as promising agents for many diseases. Their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties support this view. Although their low water solubility limits their potential effects, many studies have demonstrated their benefits. They are thought to play an effective role in inflammatory processes, particularly in liver diseases. More studies are required to find the optimum dosage and to use them as a therapeutic agent for the liver.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on clinical manifestations in autism spectrum disorders: an umbrella review of meta-analyses.","authors":"Hamid Abbasi, Abdolrahman Parhiz, Sara Khoshdooz, Farnush Bakhshimoghaddam, Saeid Doaei, Maryam Gholamalizadeh","doi":"10.1017/S0954422424000325","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422424000325","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition. Omega-3 fatty acid insufficiency has been linked to ASD. This umbrella meta-analysis was performed to investigate the effects of omega-3 supplementation on clinical manifestations in participants with ASD. Based on the PRISMA statement, databases including Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus were systematically searched for published meta-analyses on the effect of omega-3 supplementation on ASD up to December 2023. To assess the risk of bias, the assessment of multiple systematic reviews (AMSTAR)-2 was utilised. The outcomes were core and non-core symptoms of ASD including social withdrawal/lethargy, cluttering speech, hyperactivity, irritability and stereotypy. Seven meta-analyses eventually remained in the umbrella review. The results revealed that omega-3 fatty acid supplementation caused a significant reduction in cluttering speech in studies conducted on age ≤8 years (effect size (ES) -0·30; 95% confidence interval (CI) -0·55, -0·06; <i>P</i> = 0·02). Omega-3 supplementation caused a significant reduction in hyperactivity in participants ≤8 years (ES -0·30; 95% CI -0·55, -0·06; <i>P</i> = 0·02) and in participants who received the supplements for more than 14 weeks (ES -0·30; 95% CI -0·55, -0·06; <i>P</i> = 0·02). A dosage of ≤1000 mg/d of omega-3 supplementation led to a significant increase in the stereotypy/restricted and repetitive interests and behaviours (ES 0·19; 95% CI 0·03, 0·35; <i>P</i> = 0·02). This umbrella review revealed that omega-3 fatty acid may be a beneficial supplement to control cluttering speech and hyperactivity in children with ASD who are 8 years old or younger.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dorota Koníčková, Kateřina Menšíková, Lucie Plíhalová, Petr Kaňovský
{"title":"Effects of active compounds and their metabolites associated with coffee consumption on neurodegenerative disease.","authors":"Dorota Koníčková, Kateřina Menšíková, Lucie Plíhalová, Petr Kaňovský","doi":"10.1017/S0954422424000349","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422424000349","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coffee is one of the most known and consumed beverages worldwide. Only three species are used in commercial coffee production, that is, <i>Coffea arabica</i> L. (Arabica coffee), <i>Coffea canephora</i> Pierre ex A. Froehner (Robusta coffee) and <i>Coffea liberica</i> Hiern (Excelsa coffee). The world population consumes approximately two billion cups of coffee per day, making it an important commercial resource of bioactive compounds in world markets. High interest in coffee consumption described in the literature is due not only to its organoleptic properties (for example, desirable bitterness, amount of flavours and aromas) but also to its ability to stimulate the central nervous system.It is now known that there are more than 1000 compounds in coffee beverages, several of which have a bioactive activity. Recent studies show that consuming three to four cups of coffee per day, that is, moderate consumption according to the European Food Safety Authority, may be beneficial for health.The main objective of the proposed review is to provide a comprehensive overview of bioactive compounds in coffee and other caffeine-containing beverages and their effects on neurodegenerative proteinopathies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mehran Izadi, Nariman Sadri, Amirhossein Abdi, Mohammad Mahdi Raeis Zadeh, Dorsa Jalaei, Mohammad Mahdi Ghazimoradi, Sara Shouri, Safa Tahmasebi
{"title":"Anti-ageing natural supplements: the main players in promoting healthy lifespan.","authors":"Mehran Izadi, Nariman Sadri, Amirhossein Abdi, Mohammad Mahdi Raeis Zadeh, Dorsa Jalaei, Mohammad Mahdi Ghazimoradi, Sara Shouri, Safa Tahmasebi","doi":"10.1017/S0954422424000301","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422424000301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ageing is an inevitable biological process accompanied by various physiological changes, and researchers have long sought interventions to promote healthy ageing. This article explores the effects of four natural compounds – omega-3 fatty acids, coenzyme Q10, gingerol and curcumin – on the ageing process. We delve into the scientific literature to examine the potential benefits and mechanisms behind these substances in mitigating age-related conditions. Omega-3’s anti-inflammatory properties, coenzyme Q10’s cellular energy support, gingerol’s antioxidant effects and curcumin’s anti-ageing properties are discussed. By shedding light on the impact of these compounds, this review aims to contribute to a better understanding of how natural substances may play a role in promoting longevity and enhancing the quality of life during the ageing journey.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aleksandra Popovac, Jelena Jaćimović, Antonia Trichopoulou, Eleni Peppa, Kostas Kotrokois, Ivica Stančić, Aleksandra Milić-Lemić, Anastassia Kossioni
{"title":"Mediterranean diet and oral health: is there an association? A scoping review.","authors":"Aleksandra Popovac, Jelena Jaćimović, Antonia Trichopoulou, Eleni Peppa, Kostas Kotrokois, Ivica Stančić, Aleksandra Milić-Lemić, Anastassia Kossioni","doi":"10.1017/S0954422424000337","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422424000337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As the Mediterranean diet (MDi) has demonstrated a powerful preventative effect on various medical conditions, a positive effect on oral health may also be speculated. Tooth loss, pain or tooth mobility may discourage the consumption of specific food types, affecting MDi adherence. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between adherence to MDi and oral health in adult populations. The study protocol was registered in Open Science Framework (https://osf.io/vxbnh/) and adhered to PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The principal research questions were: (1) Does better oral health enable adults to better adhere to MDi? and (2) Does better adherence to MDi enable adult individuals to have better oral health? The content of three databases, Clarivate Analytics' Web of Science, Scopus and PubMed was searched without language, date or any other restrictions. The search results were imported into the Rayyan environment, and from the initial 1127 studies identified, only 20 remained after the exclusion process. Three articles composed the first group, revealing significant associations between various oral health parameters and adherence to MDi, with large variations in methodology and no safe conclusions. The studies investigating the effect of the level of adherence to MDi on various oral parameters were more numerous and revealed negative associations with the prevalence of periodontal disease and upper aero-digestive tract cancer. Further studies to explore the existence and direction of the association between oral health and MDi are needed, with public health interventions encouraging adherence to the MDi to reduce the burden of oral conditions and other non-communicable diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manujaya W Jayamanna Mohottige, Chloe E Gardner, Mitchell G Nye-Wood, Katherine A Farquharson, Angéla Juhász, Katherine Belov, Carolyn J Hogg, Emma Peel, Michelle L Colgrave
{"title":"Bioactive components in the marsupial pouch and milk.","authors":"Manujaya W Jayamanna Mohottige, Chloe E Gardner, Mitchell G Nye-Wood, Katherine A Farquharson, Angéla Juhász, Katherine Belov, Carolyn J Hogg, Emma Peel, Michelle L Colgrave","doi":"10.1017/S0954422424000313","DOIUrl":"10.1017/S0954422424000313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Marsupials give birth to immunologically naïve young after a relatively short gestation period compared with eutherians. Consequently, the joey relies significantly on maternal protection, which is the focus of the present review. The milk and the pouch environment are essential contributors to maternal protection for the healthy development of joeys. In this review, we discuss bioactive components found in the marsupial pouch and milk that form cornerstones of maternal protection. These bioactive components include immune cells, immunoglobulins, the S100 family of calcium-binding proteins, lysozymes, whey proteins, antimicrobial peptides and other immune proteins. Furthermore, we investigated the possibility of the presence of plurifunctional components in milk and pouches that are potentially bioactive. These compounds include caseins, vitamins and minerals, oligosaccharides, lipids and microRNAs. Where applicable, this review addresses variability in bioactive components during different phases of lactation, designed to fulfil the immunological needs of the growing pouch young. Yet, there are numerous additional research opportunities to pursue, including uncovering novel bioactive components and investigating their modes of action, dynamics, stability and ability to penetrate the gut epithelium to facilitate systemic effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142649036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ángela Bravo-Núñez, René Valéro, Emmanuelle Reboul
{"title":"Evaluating the roles of food matrix, lipid micronutrients and bioactives in controlling postprandial hypertriglyceridaemia and inflammation.","authors":"Ángela Bravo-Núñez, René Valéro, Emmanuelle Reboul","doi":"10.1017/S0954422424000155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422424000155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lipids play an important role in human nutrition. Although adequate lipid consumption is necessary for an optimal functioning of the human body, overconsumption of saturated fatty acids can lead to postprandial hypertriglyceridaemia, which triggers the development of atherosclerosis. Important parameters that impact postprandial lipaemia and inflammation are related to the matrix structure and the fat-soluble micronutrient profile of ingested foods/lipids, but the specific effect of these parameters should be further studied, as most of the available studies evaluate their effect at fasting state. This review specifically explores the effects of food structure and fat-soluble micronutrients, from either micronutrient-rich foods or supplements, on postprandial hypertriglyceridaemia and inflammation. The review also highlights the potential of emerging biomarkers such as miRNAs or circulating microvesicles, as an alternative to the widely use biomarkers (e.g. low-density lipoproteins or blood concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines), to identify inflammation associated with postprandial hypertriglyceridaemia at early stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":54703,"journal":{"name":"Nutrition Research Reviews","volume":" ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142592244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}