Environmental Sciences Europe最新文献

{"title":"Long-term exposure of sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.) to environmentally relevant concentrations of the explosive trinitrotoluene (TNT)","authors":"Michael Gabel,&nbsp;Jan-Dag Pohlmann,&nbsp;Jacqueline Lindemeyer,&nbsp;Verena Töpker,&nbsp;Parasuraman Aiya Subramani,&nbsp;Helma Koslowski,&nbsp;Lea Riemeier,&nbsp;Maria Anna Gennaraki,&nbsp;Jennifer Susanne Strehse,&nbsp;Edmund Maser,&nbsp;Ulrike K. R. Kammann,&nbsp;Jörn Peter Scharsack","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01459-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01459-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dumped conventional munitions are a problem in many marine environments worldwide. Trinitrotoluene (TNT) is one of the most abundant explosives in dumped munitions and known for its toxicity. Due to progressing corrosion of munition shells, TNT is leaking into the environment and is detected in environmental samples (water, sediments, biota). A major concern is how fish, as fundamental part of aquatic environments and important source for human nutrition, are affected by TNT. We therefore employed three-spined stickleback (<i>Gasterosteus aculeatus</i>) as a model organism, to test how fish respond to exposure with environmentally relevant concentrations of TNT. Sticklebacks were exposed to sublethal concentrations of TNT (100 µg/l) for three months to simulate the conditions at the German munition dump site Kolberger Heide. As an additional stressor, a temperature increase (16 °C → 20 °C) was applied, to simulate the effects of climate change and induce a stress-on-stress response. Mortality, growth, physiological, and head kidney immune parameters of the sticklebacks were recorded and analysed after exposure. As a result, the mortality of fish was not increased by TNT and physiological parameters were not significantly changed by TNT, except for an increase in the female gonadosomatic index. Of the immune parameters, proportion of neutrophils in head kidney leukocytes and oxidative burst activity were significantly increased by TNT, while proportions of lymphocytes were significantly decreased. The increase in oxidative burst activity, as well as the increased gonadosomatic index of female fish, possibly present hormetic effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01459-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review of oil and grease removal in constructed wetlands: the role of plant–microbe interactions","authors":"Nor Ariza Azizan,&nbsp;Hui Weng Goh,&nbsp;Derek Chan Juinn Chieh,&nbsp;Nurul Hana Mokhtar Kamal\u0000,&nbsp;Jia Xin Yap,&nbsp;Choe Peng Leo,&nbsp;Nur Dianna Dinno,&nbsp;Zhongli Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01458-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01458-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The increasing discharge of oil and grease (O&amp;G) from industrial effluents, urban runoff, and domestic wastes has posed significant threats to aquatic ecosystems and environmental sustainability. These hydrophobic pollutants consist of complex chemical mixtures that can adversely impact water quality, soil systems, biota, and human health. Therefore, the development of efficient and sustainable remediation technologies is urgently required. Constructed wetlands (CWs), as engineered systems that mimic natural wetland processes, have emerged as an environmentally sustainable approach for O&amp;G removal. The effectiveness of these systems relies on the synergistic interaction between plants and microbes, particularly within the rhizosphere. Plants enhance oxygen availability and release root exudates that stimulate microbial activity, while microorganisms facilitate the biodegradation of complex hydrocarbons into simpler and less toxic compounds. This review summarizes the mechanisms involved in O&amp;G removal within constructed wetlands, with a particular focus on microbial degradation pathways and plant–microbe interactions. In addition, key environmental and operational factors influencing these interactions are discussed. The findings highlight the critical role of plant–microbe synergy as a core driver in enhancing treatment efficiency and provide insights for optimizing CW design and operation for sustainable wastewater management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01458-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Invisible threads in the current: tracking the journey of microfibers from Budapest’s Central wastewater plant into the Danube","authors":"Sirat Sandil,&nbsp;Davaakhuu Tserendorj,&nbsp;Pegah Jahanpeyma,&nbsp;Flóra Pomázi,&nbsp;Ágnes Károly,&nbsp;Péter Dobosy,&nbsp;Gyula Záray","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01454-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01454-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are increasingly recognized as key point sources of microfibers (MFs) entering freshwater systems. This study investigates the influence of WWTP effluent on the spatial distribution of MFs in the Danube River at Budapest by quantifying their concentrations downstream of the city’s main WWTP and examining their lateral and vertical variability. Water samples were collected by a pump sampler in November 2024 at two cross-sections located ~ 500 m and 5 km downstream of the effluent discharge, across three transects (right bank, mainstream, left bank) and three depths (surface, mid-depth, near-bottom). Microfibers were isolated and individually characterized using a stereomicroscope, a fluorescence microscope, and an FTIR spectrometer. The results revealed markedly elevated MF concentrations in the effluent of the WWTP (2290 ± 404 MFs/m³), approximately 10–30 times higher than in river water. Due to dilution, deposition, and dispersion effects, the MF concentrations in the investigated cross-sections located 0.5 and 5 km downstream of the treated wastewater outlet ranged from 63–199 and 29–75 MFs/m³, respectively. Spatial heterogeneity was evident both across and within the water column: surface layers generally contained the highest MF concentrations, while near-bottom samples showed reduced concentrations. Banks exhibited higher MF abundances than the mainstream, reflecting localized accumulation driven by hydrodynamic conditions. Cellulose-based MFs dominated the samples, suggesting a significant contribution from textile-derived wastewater sources. Among the petroleum-based MFs, polyester was dominant, followed by polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile, and polyamide. These findings confirm that WWTP effluents substantially contribute to MF contamination in large river systems and underscore the limitations of current wastewater treatment in fully retaining MFs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01454-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated assessment of heavy metal pollution in phosphate wastewater: linking contamination indices, health risk assessment, and plant uptake in southern Tunisia","authors":"Afef Sai,&nbsp;Ali Ellafi,&nbsp;Juan Valero-Tebar,&nbsp;Mohamed Ali Borgi,&nbsp;Sonia Ben Younes","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01443-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01443-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The ecological and human health risks associated with six heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Hg) in phosphate effluent from a wastewater treatment plant in Gafsa-Metlaoui, Tunisia, were comprehensively assessed. Multivariate analysis revealed strong correlations among Zn, Cu, and Cd indicating a common anthropogenic source related to mining activities. Multiple contamination indices, including contamination factor (CF), ecological risk (Er), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), and toxic risk index (TRI), consistently indicated moderate to high levels of contamination, with cadmium identified as the dominant contributor to ecological risk. Human health risk assessment showed that non-carcinogenic risks (HI &lt; 1) remained within acceptable limits for both adults and children. However, carcinogenic risk values exceeded the permissible threshold (10⁻⁴) for Cd, Cu, Pb, and Ni, with children exhibiting higher vulnerability. Plant analysis using atomic absorption spectrophotometry demonstrated significant accumulation of heavy metals in fenugreek, lentil, wheat, and radish irrigated with phosphate wastewater. Cadmium, lead, and iron showed enhanced translocation to aerial parts, whereas copper was primarily retained in roots. Notably, wheat exhibited a strong capacity for lead translocation, highlighting potential risks for food chain contamination. Overall, the findings reveal significant ecological and human health concerns associated with phosphate wastewater reuse. The integration of pollution indices, health risk assessment, and plant uptake analysis provides a comprehensive evaluation framework. Additionally, the observed accumulation patterns suggest that certain plant species may have potential for phytoremediation applications. These results offer valuable insights for environmental management and sustainable agricultural practices in phosphate-affected regions, while the integration of multiple assessment approaches provides a comprehensive framework for understanding heavy metal transfer and associated risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01443-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative assessment of screening workflows for characterizing occupational exposure to chemicals in humans: an EU-PARC interlaboratory study","authors":"Baninia Habchi,&nbsp;Aurélie Martin Remy,&nbsp;Lidia Belova,&nbsp;Adrian Covaci,&nbsp;Annelaure Damont,&nbsp;Tina Kosjek,&nbsp;Carolin Huber,&nbsp;Nathalie Grova,&nbsp;Guillaume Antoine,&nbsp;Tarek Moufawad,&nbsp;Eirini Baira,&nbsp;Christian Baudry,&nbsp;Clément Chalet,&nbsp;Riccardo De Santo,&nbsp;Gaud Dervilly,&nbsp;Radu Corneliu Duca,&nbsp;François Fenaille,&nbsp;Mariana F. Fernández,&nbsp;Catherine Gabriel,&nbsp;Corentin Huet,&nbsp;Gaëlle Jadé,&nbsp;Anna Laura Iamiceli,&nbsp;Ardiana Kajtazi,&nbsp;Olli Kärkkäinen,&nbsp;Konstantinos M. Kasiotis,&nbsp;Alkistis Kevrekidou,&nbsp;Štěpán Koudelka,&nbsp;Lucyna Kozlowska,&nbsp;Marja Lamoree,&nbsp;Michel Laurentie,&nbsp;Bruno Le Bizec,&nbsp;Rosalie Nijssen,&nbsp;Herbert Oberacher,&nbsp;Elliott J. Price,&nbsp;Helena Plešnik,&nbsp;Žan Rekar,&nbsp;Andrea Rodriguez-Carrillo,&nbsp;Dimosthenis Sarigiannis,&nbsp;Jean-Marie Savignac,&nbsp;Marta Stelmasiak,&nbsp;Katriina Sunnarborg,&nbsp;Aikaterini Termentzi,&nbsp;An Van Nieuwenhuyse,&nbsp;Romain Vuillaume,&nbsp;Emma L. Schymanski,&nbsp;Douglas N. Rutledge,&nbsp;Jean-Philippe Antignac,&nbsp;Sophie Ndaw","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01452-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01452-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biomonitoring of occupational exposure to mixtures of chemicals remains a major challenge, as conventional targeted approaches can only cover a limited number of compounds. Suspect and non-target screening (SS/NTS) using high-resolution mass spectrometry offers a more comprehensive approach, however wider implementation requires robust and comparable analytical strategies with broad chemical coverage. An interlaboratory study was conducted within the European Partnership for the Assessment of Risks from Chemicals (PARC) to evaluate the comparability and complementarity of SS/NTS approaches and to support the development of a standard operating procedure (SOP) for occupational biomonitoring. Urine and plasma samples fortified with 81 occupationally-relevant exposure markers at three concentration levels were distributed to eleven European laboratories from eight Member States and measured via their respective in-house Liquid Chromatography- and Gas Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (LC- and GC-HRMS) workflows. Thirteen different analytical methods were applied: nine to both matrices, three to urine only and one exclusively to plasma samples. Eleven methods enabled detection of more than half of the fortified exposure markers (&gt; 40 compounds) in the standard mixture, whilst eight and seven methods achieved the same for urine and plasma samples, respectively. Despite substantial methodological differences, numerous compounds were shared across Reversed-Phase (RP) and Hydrophilic Interaction Liquid Chromatography (HILIC) methods (57 in urine and 34 in plasma), with RP providing higher overall detection rates (eleven and 29 compounds detected exclusively by RP in urine and plasma, respectively). In addition, four compounds were detected exclusively by GC-HRMS in the biological matrices, demonstrating that combining SS/NTS workflows broadens chemical space coverage. The solvent selected for extraction appears to have an influence on the detection performance, with solvents providing broader polarity coverage, such as mixtures of methanol or acetonitrile with water, generally associated with optimal results, across the different sample preparation techniques employed. Solid phase extraction and deconjugation did not show an improvement in performance in these large-scale SS applications. Based on this interlaboratory study, a minimal SOP is proposed to support SS/NTS implementation in future large-scale human biomonitoring studies, including characterization of occupational cohorts within PARC.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01452-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of financial development and natural resources on the environmental quality in GCC economies: the moderating role of institutional quality","authors":"Palanisamy Manigandan,&nbsp;Duraisamy Pachiyappan,&nbsp;Magdalena Radulescu,&nbsp;Jeena Radhamma","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01453-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01453-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Environmental sustainability and climate change are among the most important global concerns, especially for emerging countries involved in major initiatives like the GCC economies. Therefore, this study investigates the moderating role of institutional quality (INQ) on carbon emissions (CE), applying data from GCC nations concerning trade openness (TOP), financial development (FIND), human capital (HC), and natural resources (NRR) between 1999 and 2023. To address future endogeneity challenges, this analysis utilizes the Driscoll-Kraay (random-effects based) as the main estimator with the two-step system generalized method of moments (TSGMM) estimator to complement a robustness check. The empirical outcomes reveal that FIND, NRR, and TOP stimulate carbon dioxide emissions, whereas HC and INQ improve environmental sustainability. Furthermore, the interaction effect of INQ with FIND and TOP was found to lessen CE, whereas the interaction effect of INQ with NRR increased CE in GCC economies. Several recommended policy measures to reduce emissions and promote sustainable development in GCC countries include stricter environmental laws, the promotion of a green economy, eco-friendly trade policies, investment in green projects, and the adoption of circular economy practices to maximize resource use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01453-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in wastewater and sewage sludge: occurrence, concentrations, and regulatory challenges","authors":"Dorota Kulikowska,&nbsp;Magdalena Zaborowska,&nbsp;Mariusz Gusiatin,&nbsp;Katarzyna Bernat","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01451-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01451-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This review examines the role of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) as important pathways for the release of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) into the environment. WWTPs receive municipal, industrial, and other wastewater, including landfill leachate, and subsequently discharge treated effluent and sewage sludge, which may act as secondary sources of PFAS. The literature indicates that, although conventional treatment and sludge management processes can partially remove some micropollutants, many persistent and potentially hazardous PFAS remain in treated wastewater and accumulate in sewage sludge. This review also highlights that the lack of comprehensive and harmonized data on PFAS occurrence, transformation, and fate in these matrices limits reliable risk assessment and effective environmental management. In addition, current European Union legislation regulating hazardous substances in WWTP effluent and sewage sludge does not establish specific concentration limits for PFAS. Existing regulations are often limited to individual PFAS classes or specific countries, or take the form of recommendations rather than legally binding standards. Based on the available literature, PFAS occurrence and concentrations are highly variable and do not consistently depend on wastewater origin, including municipal, industrial, or landfill leachate. Reported WWTP influent concentrations differ widely across regions, ranging from 22 to 346.2 ng L^–1, and attempts to relate these variations to plant capacity, population equivalent, or industrial activity remain inconclusive. The studies reviewed herein indicate that temporal variability is common, but consistent seasonal trends are rare. Moreover, PFAS concentrations in the WWTP effluent are not always lower than in the influent, often due to transformation of precursor compounds during treatment processes. Reported effluent concentrations ranged from 13.4 to 1357 ng L⁻¹, with the highest values observed in industrially impacted WWTPs. This review further highlights a significant geographical imbalance in available data: although numerous studies have been conducted worldwide, information from Central and Eastern Europe remains limited. In Poland, in particular, the few available studies have mainly focused on PFAS in surface water and drinking water, whereas systematic studies of PFAS in municipal or industrial wastewater and sewage sludge are still largely absent. Nevertheless, the PFAS concentrations reported in municipal sewage sludge in the manuscript range from 3.7 even to 1124 ng g⁻¹ dw, whereas in sewage sludge/biosolids after treatment of industrial wastewater they range from a few to several hundred ng g⁻¹ dw.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01451-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A six-year (2015–2021) citizen science assessment of anthropogenic litter on Lake Geneva's shorelines","authors":"Bhavish Patel,&nbsp;Roger Erismann,&nbsp;Christian Ludwig","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01450-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01450-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Freshwater systems receive less attention than marine environments despite acting both as major conduits for litter entering the oceans and as long term sinks. Prolonged citizen science monitoring can generate meaningful insights that support environmental policy development. In this study, we analyse freshwater shoreline litter data collected over a 6-year period, focusing on data reliability, temporal variability and site specific accumulation patterns.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 250 surveys were conducted over 6 years by 6 survey groups. From 79,436 recorded litter items, annual mean densities of 7.4–9.7 pieces per metre were calculated, with medians consistently below means, indicating a strongly right-skewed distribution and no monotonic temporal trend. Cumulative distribution analysis showed substantial overlap among the three groups with the most surveys, suggesting that inter-group differences were small relative to natural environmental variability in shoreline litter counts. Site-specific assessment showed similar litter types dominating the top 10 categories across the lake, with the most abundant items accounting for up to 76% of total observations. Continued monitoring for the duration of the project at Plage de Saint-Sulpice and Parc des Pierrettes demonstrated persistent accumulation of key categories such as cigarette butts, plastics and glass, with observations remaining within each site’s interquartile range over the entire period.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The findings indicate that long term citizen science data can yield statistically robust insights when appropriate computational methods are applied. The substantial variability in shoreline litter densities appears to arise from environmental features rather than methodological or observer related inconsistencies, supporting the use of multiple survey groups in lake scale measurements. Although no monotonic temporal trend was detected, site-specific differences reflected the influence of land use and shoreline characteristics on accumulation patterns. This 6-year dataset demonstrates that standardised monitoring can provide reliable information for lake scale environmental assessment and evidence based policy development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01450-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148986744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-scenario simulation of carbon storage in the Chishui River Basin, a major tributary of the Yangtze River in Southwest China, from a “Dual Carbon” perspective","authors":"Wei Yuan,&nbsp;Tingyi Hu,&nbsp;Yishan Qing","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01449-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01449-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To meet carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals, regional land use and carbon storage show changing trends under different scenarios. We analyzed land use changes in the Chishui River Basin (CRB) from 2000 to 2020.Using this and four scenarios, we explore the spatiotemporal evolution trends of carbon storage. We use the InVEST and PLUS models, we simulate the spatial distribution of land use in 2040. We also assess carbon storage and its spatiotemporal change trends over the 40-year period. We found that: (1) From 2000 to 2020, the land use types in the CRB were mainly cropland (CL) and forestland (FL). Together, they made up about 91.68% of the total area. However, construction land (CSL) continued to expand. Grassland (GL), water area (WA), and unused land (UL) were occupied during this process. (2) Carbon storage in the CRB was mainly from FL, followed by CL. (3) From 2000 to 2020, the carbon storage values were 2.903 × 10⁸ t in 2000, 2.910 × 10⁸ t in 2005, 2.913 × 10⁸ t in 2010, 2.912 × 10⁸ t in 2015, and 2.908 × 10⁸ t in 2020. The trend showed an initial increase followed by a decrease. Overall, carbon storage increased by 0.167% (4.841 × 105 t), reaching a peak in 2010. (4) In 2040, there were significant differences among the four scenarios. The transition between FL and CSL led to changes in carbon storage. Under the natural development scenario (NDS) and the ecological protection scenario (EPS), carbon storage increased by 5.682 × 105 t and 1.578 × 10⁶ t, respectively. Under the cropland protection scenario (CPS) and the urban development scenario (UDS), carbon storage decreased by 2.342 × 105 t and 1.271 × 10⁶ t, respectively. The study found that carbon storage was low in the south and west, and high in the east and north. These findings will provide recommendations for future land use planning and ecological protection strategies in the CRB.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01449-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urban sustainability and environmental degradation: the moderating role of green innovation in OECD economies","authors":"Muhammad Rizwanullah,&nbsp;Muhammad Nasrullah,&nbsp;Xuhui Peng","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01457-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01457-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Accelerating urbanization has intensified environmental pressures on cities globally, positioning urban sustainability as a central concern for scholars and policymakers. This study investigates the direct effects of five urban environmental stressors: fine particulate matter (PM2.5)-based environmental degradation, carbon emission intensity (CEI), urban heat island effect (UHIE), respiratory disease burden (RDB), and green space coverage (GSC) on urban sustainability, alongside the conditional moderating role of green innovation (GI) in each stressor-sustainability pathway.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A balanced panel of 25 OECD economies over 2004–2022 is analyzed using the two-step System Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator to address endogeneity, dynamic persistence, and cross-sectional heterogeneity. Urban sustainability is operationalized via the Yale Environmental Performance Index, a composite spanning air quality, ecosystem vitality, climate performance, and public health.</p><h3>Findings</h3><p>Environmental degradation (PM2.5) exerts the largest negative effect on urban sustainability (β =  − 2.39), followed by respiratory disease burden (β =  − 1.88) and urban temperature differentials (β =  − 1.19). Green space coverage yields a significant positive effect (β = 1.67), while carbon emission intensity produces a statistically insignificant direct effect, reflecting limited within-country variation among advanced OECD economies. Green innovation significantly moderates four of five stressor-sustainability pathways, attenuating adverse impacts of environmental degradation, carbon intensity, and respiratory burden; however, it neither offsets thermal stress nor amplifies the ecosystem benefits of green space a pattern interpreted as a technology-stressor mismatch in urban heat management.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This study extends the Porter Hypothesis to composite, multi-domain sustainability outcomes and delivers one of the most comprehensive multi-stressor panel analyses for OECD economies to date. Policymakers should align green innovation portfolios with addressable environmental stressors (PM2.5 abatement, respiratory health), invest in urban heat-specific technologies, and treat forest conservation as an independent, complementary sustainability instrument.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01457-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}