Environmental Sciences Europe最新文献

{"title":"Multi-functional electrodialysis process to treat hyper-saline reverse osmosis brine: producing high value-added HCl, NaOH and energy consumption calculation","authors":"Haia M. Elsayd,&nbsp;Gamal K. Hassan,&nbsp;Ahmed A. Affy,&nbsp;M. Hanafy,&nbsp;Tamer S. Ahmed","doi":"10.1186/s12302-025-01175-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-025-01175-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Addressing the environmental challenges of desalination brines is becoming increasingly crucial, especially in regions reliant on seawater desalination. This study focuses on electrodialysis (ED) technology, a solution that transforms concentrated brines into valuable acids and bases like sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and hydrochloric acid (HCl). The current research optimizes ED operating conditions (initial brine concentration, voltage, and treatment time) by using design expert^®software, aiming to minimize energy consumption and maximize acid/base concentration. The current research resulted, that under optimal conditions (75 g/L as initial salt concentration and 24 V applied for 6 h), ED produced HCl and NaOH at concentrations of (0.86 M and 0.93 M) for internal use in water treatment plants. Additionally, the study demonstrated the ability to lower brine salinity to acceptable discharge levels (35 g/L) within a short timeframe (2 h). Notably, at optimized ED conditions offering a significant potential for cost savings and sustainability improvements.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-025-01175-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melatonin regulated through GhTDC5 enhances tryptophan decarboxylase against drought stress in cotton","authors":"Xin Yu,&nbsp;Xiugui Chen,&nbsp;Ning Wang,&nbsp;Maohua Dai,&nbsp;Zhining Yang,&nbsp;Yapeng Fan,&nbsp;Yuping Sun,&nbsp;Xinrui Zhang,&nbsp;Ruize Song,&nbsp;Menghao Zhang,&nbsp;Hao Lan,&nbsp;Fange Wu,&nbsp;Hui Huang,&nbsp;Xiao Chen,&nbsp;Lidong Wang,&nbsp;Xuke Lu,&nbsp;Shuai Wang,&nbsp;Lixue Guo,&nbsp;Junjuan Wang,&nbsp;Lanjie Zhao,&nbsp;Keyun Feng,&nbsp;Jing Jiang,&nbsp;Wuwei Ye","doi":"10.1186/s12302-025-01160-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-025-01160-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tryptophan decarboxylase (TDC) is the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of melatonin and plays a crucial role in melatonin production in plants. Melatonin (MT), a multifunctional indoleamine compound, plays a pivotal role in plant responses to abiotic stress. Substantial evidence has demonstrated that MT can significantly enhance plant tolerance to drought stress. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying MT-mediated drought stress responses in plants remain unclear. This study systematically analyzed the evolutionary relationships of the <i>TDC</i> gene family in four cotton species using bioinformatics approaches, including phylogenetic analysis, chromosomal localization, gene structure, conserved motifs, <i>cis</i>-acting elements, synteny, and expression patterns. Functional characterization of <i>GhTDC5</i> in <i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> was performed using virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS), with the following key findings: gene silencing efficiency reached 67.5%, leading to a significant 50.31% reduction in melatonin content. Under drought stress, silenced plants exhibited a 46.56% decrease in leaf water content, 23.01% reduction in chlorophyll content, and more severe wilting symptoms compared to controls. Impaired antioxidant system: significant decreases in peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities as well as proline (Pro) content, along with increased malondialdehyde (MDA) and ROS accumulation. Exogenous melatonin treatment effectively scavenged superoxide anions and alleviated drought stress. The results demonstrate that <i>GhTDC5</i> plays a crucial role in cotton drought resistance by regulating melatonin biosynthesis. This study not only elucidates the evolutionary characteristics of the <i>TDC</i> gene family but also provides important theoretical foundations and candidate genes for drought-resistant cotton breeding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-025-01160-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of green policies, geopolitical risks, and imports on green production: formulating the SDG policies for G7 countries","authors":"Ahsan Anwar,&nbsp;Afshan Hamid,&nbsp;Magdalena Radulescu,&nbsp;Arshian Sharif","doi":"10.1186/s12302-025-01173-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-025-01173-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the modern era, sustainability is integrated with development. The industrial sector keeps pace with ecology and follows the path of modernization through innovations directly related to environmental sustainability. To preserve the environment in this fast-growing global economy, the existing literature identifies various socio-economic, macroeconomic, and institutional factors influencing environmental quality. However, the available studies largely ignore the influence of geopolitical risk, environmental policy stringency, and imports on green production practices. To bridge this void, this study aims to analyze the impact of geopolitical risk and environmental policy stringency on green production practices. In this regard, the panel of G7 countries has been chosen for the period from 1990 to 2020, as this intergovernmental and political and economic forum better suits our problem statement. To make empirical analysis extensively, the Panel Quantile Regression (PQR) technique has been applied, which has several advantages over the standard linear regression techniques of panel data analysis, particularly in dealing with outliers in the data set and heterogeneity across various quantiles of the dependent variable distribution. The empirical outcomes enunciate the adverse impact of geopolitical risk and imports on green production practices in G7 countries with a range of − 0.85 to − 0.042 and − 0.322 to − 0.191, respectively. Conversely, strict environmental policy has a constructive and meaningful impact on green production practices, following a range of 0.148 to 0.269. In the last section, considering the empirical outcomes, the study suggests relevant policy suggestions which also help G7 economies to secure several sustainable development goals (SDGs), such as SDG 9 (industrial and innovation), SDG 12 (responsible consumption and production), SDG 13 (climate change), SDG 16 (promoting peace, justice system, and strengthening institutions), and SDG 17 (partnerships for the common goals). </p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-025-01173-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selecting effective plant species for the phytoremediation of persistent organic pollutants and multielement contaminated fibrous sediments","authors":"Gabriela L. Paladino,&nbsp;Gabriel Dupaul,&nbsp;Anders Jonsson,&nbsp;Henrik Haller,&nbsp;Alireza Eivazi,&nbsp;Erik Hedenström","doi":"10.1186/s12302-025-01168-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-025-01168-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Wastewater discharges from the old pulp and paper industry led to the accumulation of contaminated wood pulping fibers and debris—referred to as fiberbanks (FB)—in the Baltic Sea and freshwater bodies across Sweden and other pulp-producing countries. These anthropogenic sediments are polluted with toxic metal(oid)s and persistent organic pollutants, and their decomposition releases greenhouse gases. Phytoremediation offers a nature-based solution for the ex-situ treatment of these fibrous sediments, but they present unique challenges due to the abundant and unstable organic matter and aged pollution. This study aims to identify potential plant candidates and to address the limitations of fiberbanks as a plants growing media for phytoremediation.</p><p>In a greenhouse experiment, we assessed the performance of five plant species (<i>Brassica juncea, Brassica napus, Helianthus annuus, Hordeum vulgare</i>, and <i>Poa annua</i>) grown in substrates formulated with fiberbank. The evaluation included plant growth parameters, bioconcentration and uptake efficiency of metal(oid)s (V, Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, and Pb), and the degradation of polycyclic and linear hydrocarbons.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Despite initial concerns, fiberbanks displayed favorable physical characteristics and a degree of fertility conducive to plant growth. Even though all tested species seeds could cope with fiberbanks acute toxicity, <i>H. vulgare</i> and <i>P. annua</i> showed better tolerance to the fiberbanks substrates and superior aerial biomass development, which promoted a highest toxic metal(oid)s uptake efficiency, regardless of lower bioconcentration factors for most of the target elements. Zn (17.16–23.25 mg/kg of FB), Cu (4.18–6.48 mg/kg of FB) and Cr (1.05–1.36 mg/kg of FB) were most effectively taken up by these plants. The uptake of Co (0.04–0.18 mg/kg of FB) and Ni (0.05–0.17 mg/kg of FB) was lower. As (0.01–0.02 mg/kg of FB), Cd (0.02–0.06 mg/kg of FB), Pb (0.02–0.04 mg/kg of FB) and V (0.02–0.03 mg/kg of FB) phytoextraction was not significant. None of the species exhibited a significant removal of targeted organic pollutants.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Phytoremediation, either on its own or in combination with other strategies, shows promise for the remediation of fiberbanks. However, further research is needed to understand how the organic matrix and long-term underwater aging of fiberbanks affect pollutants bioavailability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-025-01168-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145166000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of plastic wastes as new adsorbents for dye removal in aqueous environments","authors":"Asiyeh Moteallemi,&nbsp;Samira Taherkhani,&nbsp;Ali Ahmadfazeli,&nbsp;Mohammad Hadi Dehghani","doi":"10.1186/s12302-025-01172-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-025-01172-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The harmful impact of plastic waste on various ecosystems has become a growing concern for researchers worldwide. Plastics can absorb different pollutants, and because they carry these contaminants, they increase ecological risks in aquatic environments. However, the ability of plastic waste to adsorb pollutants presents a valuable opportunity for water treatment. </p><p>In this review, we explored several methods to synthesize carbon materials from plastic waste and assessed the effectiveness of recycled plastic as new adsorbents for removing dyes from water. We examined factors, such as salinity, pH, temperature, and physical–chemical properties, including particle size and surface area, to determine their effects on the dye adsorption efficiency of various plastics.</p><p>Among the plastics analyzed, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) emerged as the most effective adsorbent, exhibiting a surface area of 2,530 m²/g and the highest dye adsorption capacity of 2,874 mg/g. This study emphasizes that adopting a circular economy approach by recycling plastic waste to effective adsorbents can help reduce environmental pollution and result in significant cost savings. This strategy minimizes the need for virgin raw materials and lowers waste management expenses, making water treatment processes more sustainable and economically efficient.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-025-01172-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145165195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A review on the environmental fate, toxicological risks, and cutting-edge degradation methods of microplastics contamination","authors":"Pankaj Kumar,&nbsp;Kusum Lata,&nbsp;Amel Gacem,&nbsp;Mohd. Tariq,&nbsp;Snigdha Singh,&nbsp;Apurva Sharma,&nbsp;Virendra Kumar Yadav,&nbsp;Javed Khan Bhutto,&nbsp;Manoj Kumar,&nbsp;Maha Awjan Alreshidi,&nbsp;Mir Waqas Alam,&nbsp;Krishna Kumar Yadav,&nbsp;Shipra Choudhary","doi":"10.1186/s12302-025-01164-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-025-01164-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microplastics, widespread environmental pollutants, have received considerable attention because of their distribution and possible effects on human health and ecosystems. This study thoroughly examines current progress in identifying, detecting, and understanding the significance of microplastics in different environmental contexts. The paper provides an analysis of the dispersion and origins of microplastics, uncovering areas of high concentration and trends of buildup with key findings indicating microplastic accumulation of up to 2 million particles/km² in some regions. The intricate relationships between microplastics and biological systems are such that their toxicological impacts on human health and their ecological ramifications can be easily observed. The amalgamation of existing research highlights the pressing need for efficient mitigation measures and regulations to tackle the escalating menace of microplastics. Strategies like biodegradable polymer development, wastewater filtration technologies, and global policy interventions are being sought to control this pollution. This study aims to thoroughly comprehend microplastic contamination, promoting well-informed choices and initiatives to protect the environment and public health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-025-01164-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145164605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring of the electrochemical oxidation of venlafaxine and its metabolite o-desmethylvenlafaxine using a flow cell and high-resolution mass spectrometry","authors":"Melanie Voigt,&nbsp;Jean-Michel Dluziak,&nbsp;Nils Wellen,&nbsp;Victoria Langerbein,&nbsp;Martin Jaeger","doi":"10.1186/s12302-025-01169-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-025-01169-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The antidepressant venlafaxine and its metabolite <i>o</i>-desmethylvenlafaxine are frequently found in water bodies around the world reaching several micrograms per liter. As a remedy, electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) such as anodic oxidation with a boron-doped diamond (BDD) electrode have proven to be a suitable means to prevent entrance in the aquatic environment. For potential application, optimization of the EAOPs can be readily achieved by variation of the conditions using a flow cell as compared to a batch-mode cell. Monitoring and characterization of the reactants provide inside into the oxidation mechanism.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>High-performance liquid chromatography and high-resolution mass spectrometry led to the observation of five transformation products of venlafaxine and to four of <i>o</i>-desmethylvenlafaxine. Mass voltammograms were recorded from which the impact of the oxidation conditions on the degradation and the quantity and nature of transformation products were derived. The transformation pathways were identified as well. Detailed analysis revealed that hydroxyl radicals played the major role in the electrochemical oxidation of venlafaxine and <i>o</i>-desmethylvenlafaxine. The prevalence of the hydroxyl radical induced degradation was further corroborated by the radical scavenger <i>tert</i>-butanol, causing a decrease in elimination efficiency. Both drugs were best eliminated at pH 3 and a voltage of 1.5 V, with the least ecotoxicological concern as indicated by QSAR analysis.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The study shall contribute to the advancement of EAOPs for advanced stages in wastewater purification treatment. An in silico ecotoxicity assessment using QSAR analysis showed that electrochemical oxidation is beneficial from an ecotoxicological point of view. Especially products formed via the indirect hydroxyl radical-induced mechanism showed a lower ecotoxicity than the initial compound.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-025-01169-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Street children exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and environmental noise: an exposure assessment and health risk analysis study","authors":"Mahdi Nassri Nassrabadi,&nbsp;Sasan Faridi,&nbsp;Kazem Naddafi,&nbsp;Masud Yunesian,&nbsp;Omar Hahad,&nbsp;Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand","doi":"10.1186/s12302-025-01165-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-025-01165-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Street children, particularly those aged 3–8 years, are highly vulnerable to environmental stressors. This study assessed their exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) and environmental noise at 30 high-traffic intersections in Tehran, Iran. Measurements were conducted using calibrated Plantower PMS5003 aerosol sensors for PM_2.5 and TES 52A noise meters for sound levels. Parameters such as temperature, humidity, and traffic intensity were also recorded. Health risks were evaluated using hazard quotients (HQs) for different age groups, focusing on non-carcinogenic and cognitive effects. PM_2.5 levels exceeded 15 µg/m³ at nearly all locations, with concentrations over 40 µg/m³ at key intersections. Noise levels consistently surpassed 70 dB, exceeding the World Health Organization (WHO) daytime limit of 53 dB. HQ values exceeded 2.0 in several intersections for younger children, indicating elevated risk. These findings highlight the urgent need for policy interventions to reduce pollution exposure in vulnerable populations like street children.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-025-01165-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145163091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meta-analysis on the effects of chemical stressors on freshwater ecosystem functions","authors":"Alexander Feckler,&nbsp;Ralf Schulz,&nbsp;Ralf B. Schäfer","doi":"10.1186/s12302-025-01167-w","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-025-01167-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Despite considerable progress in our capacity for predicting the response of different trophic levels to chemical stressors, generalizable relations between chemical stressors and ecosystem functions are lacking. We addressed this knowledge gap by conducting a meta-analysis (159 studies; 350 observations) on the responses of freshwater ecosystem functions (community respiration, organic matter decomposition, nutrient cycling, photosynthesis, and primary production) under controlled conditions (laboratory or outdoor mesocosms) to pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and metals.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>We identified monotonic dose–response relationships between standardized chemical concentrations, in terms of toxic units, for selected chemical use groups and organic matter decomposition by decomposer-detritivore-systems as well as photosynthesis by algae and macrophytes. By contrast, consistent relationships were not found for other ecosystem functions, such as organic matter decomposition by microbial decomposers alone and primary production under the conditions studied. Importantly, the shape and direction of the relationships identified here match those reported in field-based studies, indicating a decrease in functioning as chemical stress increases, strengthening the ecological relevance of our findings. Finally, we found a disconnect between regulatory ecological quality targets and ecological outcomes, highlighting a need to re-evaluate risk assessment approaches if they are supposed to be ecologically meaningful and protective of ecosystem functions.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our analyses demonstrate the potential to derive chemical stress–ecosystem function relationships from currently available data, which already reveal adverse effects on specific ecosystem functions. However, several key research gaps must be addressed to improve the specificity and predictive power of such relationships. These include expanding the range of chemical stressors investigated, accounting for the context-dependency of chemical effects on ecosystem functions, and complementing laboratory studies with semi-field and field experiments to verify and validate laboratory-derived findings under more realistic environmental conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-025-01167-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Toxicological impacts and environmental risk of atrazine in the presence of graphene family nanomaterials (GFNs) on Chlorella sp.","authors":"Abhrajit Debroy,&nbsp;Mrudula Pulimi,&nbsp;Amitava Mukherjee","doi":"10.1186/s12302-025-01151-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-025-01151-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Atrazine is a widely used chlorine herbicide, but recent studies raised concerns about its environmental and human health risks. Graphene family nanomaterials (GFNs) have various applications and are often released into aquatic environments, impacting marine microflora. However, the combined effects of atrazine and GFNs on marine organisms like <i>Chlorella</i> sp. have not been thoroughly assessed. The physicochemical interactions between atrazine and GFNs were examined using Raman spectroscopy, electron microscopy, contact angle measurements, surface charge analyses, and chromatography. The contact angle analysis revealed a decline with increasing atrazine concentration, indicating enhanced hydrophilicity of the mixture. Key toxicity parameters, including growth inhibition, total reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, malondialdehyde (MDA) generation, photosynthetic efficiency, and antioxidant enzyme activity, were assessed for individual contaminants and their binary mixtures. ROS and antioxidant enzyme activity exhibited the most significant modulation in response to atrazine concentration. Low atrazine levels exacerbated toxicity by elevating oxidative stress markers (ROS and MDA) in mixtures with GFNs, whereas higher concentrations mitigated these effects by reducing ROS and MDA generation compared to individual exposures. The study also uses statistical tools to evaluate the interconnection between the biochemical parameters and the treatment groups. The results clearly show how the GFNs can reduce the harmful effects of atrazine in marine ecosystems. GFNs provide a surface for the adsorption of the atrazine molecules, thereby reducing their availability to the algal cells and reducing their toxic potential. This deepens our understanding of the environmental applications of the GFNs for mitigating the risk of emerging pollutants like atrazine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-025-01151-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145169977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}