Environmental Sciences Europe最新文献

{"title":"Interactive effects of flame retardant triphenyl phosphate and disposable face mask fibers in marine diatom Chaetoceros sp., and their effects on dietary exposure to marine crustacean Artemia salina","authors":"B. Y. Neethudas,&nbsp;Camil Rex M,&nbsp;P. K. Suresh,&nbsp;Amitava Mukherjee","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01481-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01481-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Plastic microfibers released from disposable face masks and triphenyl phosphate (ThP) are emerging contaminants of concern in the marine environment. However, there is a lack of scrutiny on their combined effect and dietary uptake in marine ecosystems. Therefore, the current study assessed the toxicity of ThP in the presence of MFs on the marine diatom <i>Chaetoceros</i> sp. and evaluated its effects on dietary exposure from <i>Chaetoceros</i> sp. to the crustacean <i>Artemia salina</i>. Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry results revealed that the uptake of ThP was reduced in <i>Chaetoceros</i> sp. in the binary mixture due to the reduced bioavailability of ThP in the presence of MFs. However, the combination of MFs with ThP showed more reduction in cell viability of <i>Chaetoceros</i> sp. than ThP-single exposure. Abbott’s mathematical model revealed an additive mode of toxicity for the mixture group. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results revealed that the mixture of MFs with ThP exhibited the highest reduction in silica content in the diatom biosilica cell wall. The pollutant mixtures impaired the photosynthetic activity, triggered oxidative stress, and reduced the diatom cell viability. Notably, dietary exposure experiments revealed that ThP (0.5 and 1 mg/L) in the absence of MFs exhibited a significant uptake in <i>Artemia salina.</i> However, no significant uptake of ThP was observed in <i>Artemia salina</i> when fed with the binary mixture pre-treated diatoms. Consequently, only the diatoms pre-treated with ThP in the absence of MFs significantly affected the neurotransmitter activity in <i>Artemia salina.</i> This may subsequently have resulted in enhanced reactive oxygen species production, malondialdehyde levels, and mortality. Overall, this study highlights the propensity of MFs in modulating co-contaminant toxicity and dietary uptake in marine organisms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01481-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148987040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Wastewater Metagenomics and Resistomics Surveillance: A One Health Framework for Policy and Agricultural Sustainability","authors":"Aya G. Atalla,&nbsp;Shaymaa Abdelmalek","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01476-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01476-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Wastewater occupies a critical nexus at the confluence of human activity, environmental change, and microbial evolution. This review synthesizes the emerging role of wastewater as a mirror of community health and a driver of microbial and resistome restructuring across environmental compartments. Wastewater systems harbor diverse biological and chemical markers, including pathogens, antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), pharmaceuticals, and nutrients, reflecting dynamic population health, agricultural practices, and socioeconomic activities. Advanced metagenomic approaches reveal that wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are global hotspots for the selection and spread of resistant bacteria, mobile genetic elements, and opportunistic pathogens, even after secondary or tertiary treatment.</p><h3>Main body</h3><p>The reuse of treated wastewater for irrigation and other applications enhances water security and can support soil fertility and crop production, but it also distributes dense microbial communities and antimicrobial resistance determinants into soils, crops, and food animal microbiomes. These resistome shifts create interconnected One Health consequences by influencing food safety, livestock health, and human infection risk, with knock‑on effects on agricultural productivity and trade. Metagenomic wastewater surveillance offers a pooled, early‑warning view of antimicrobial resistance trends that complement conventional clinical monitoring and reveal environmental transmission pathways that are otherwise difficult to capture. However, current policies and reuse guidelines only partially integrate resistome information, leaving critical gaps in risk management for reclaimed water, agricultural systems, and downstream populations.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This review advocates multi-faceted actions: optimizing WWTP operations and effluent quality; guiding agricultural and livestock practices using reclaimed-water profiles; implementing robust microbiome and resistome surveillance; and harmonizing policy frameworks at local and global scales. Collaborative efforts are needed to transform wastewater from a source of risk into a strategic resource for resilient agriculture, sustainable water management, and global public health in the face of escalating water scarcity and antimicrobial resistance. By bringing together mechanistic microbiome insights, evidence from risk‑assessment studies, and policy‑oriented analyses, this synthesis highlights wastewater’s pivotal role in shaping environmental microbiomes and resilience within rapidly changing socioecological systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01476-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148614470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial data for environmental regulation: a GIS-based framework for streamlining the Swedish permitting process","authors":"Annika Moscati","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01479-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01479-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Environmental permitting is a critical regulatory mechanism for ensuring that industrial and infrastructure projects comply with environmental protection requirements and broader sustainability goals. In Sweden, however, the permitting process remains slow, fragmented, and heavily dependent on document-based workflows, despite the fact that many permitting decisions rely on inherently spatial information such as protected areas, hydrology, biodiversity, land-use constraints, and environmental monitoring data. At the same time, recent national reform proposals (SOU 2024:98) emphasise the need for improved digitalisation, interoperability, and more structured use of environmental information in permitting procedures. This paper presents a conceptual GIS-integrated framework for environmental permitting, using the Swedish system as a case study. The study combines a structured literature review, document analysis, workflow analysis, and geodata inventory to identify spatial data requirements across different stages of the permitting process and to analyse fragmentation within the current geodata ecosystem. Based on this analysis, the paper proposes a GIS-enabled permitting architecture linking spatial datasets, geospatial analysis functions, and regulatory decision points throughout the permitting workflow. The framework is further supported through expert-based plausibility validation involving GIS and spatial-data specialists representing applicant-side, municipal, and international geospatial perspectives. The analysis and expert interviews suggest that GIS already plays an important role in environmental assessment and planning processes but remains insufficiently integrated into formal permitting workflows, where spatial information is often reduced to static map attachments and PDF documents. The analysis also highlights key implementation challenges related to fragmented data governance, interoperability, metadata quality, and access to authoritative spatial services. Rather than proposing a fully implemented system, the paper contributes a conceptual and methodological foundation for future digital permitting architectures. The study proposes that GIS could function as a foundational integration layer with the potential to support more transparent, efficient, and interoperable permitting workflows, while also supporting future extensions involving AI-based decision support, knowledge graphs, and spatially enabled environmental compliance monitoring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01479-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148752126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field measurements of pesticide drift and dissipation and regulatory exposure assumptions","authors":"Carolina Honert,&nbsp;Alexandra Sybertz,&nbsp;Ursel Jäger,&nbsp;Martina Roß-Nickoll,&nbsp;Carsten A. Brühl","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01478-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01478-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The authorisation of current-use pesticides (CUPs) is based on standardised datasets that only partly reflect field conditions. Drift and dissipation are key processes determining the environmental presence of CUPs, yet field-based evidence of their fate is limited. This study aimed to provide best-case real-world drift and dissipation values after simultaneous application of one insecticide (pirimicarb) and three fungicides (bixafen, fluopyram and prothioconazole) in winter cereal fields. Application was performed under agricultural best practices, including the use of 90% drift-reducing technology and best-case weather conditions. Relative drift deposition into adjacent meadows was assessed using Petri dishes and environmental samples (bare topsoil, covered topsoil and vegetation) at distances of 1, 5 and 20 m downwind of the treated fields. Dissipation was monitored for up to 128 days. Residues were analysed via high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). Dissipation was also evaluated with a model named MITAS (MIxture Toxicity of Application Spray series) and measured residues were compared with literature values.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Under a best-case application scenario, measured relative drift deposition rates exceeded benchmark values in environmental samples (topsoils and vegetation) in some cases, but not in Petri dishes. Environmental samples additionally contained residues of pesticides not applied during the experiment, demonstrating cumulative off-field contamination from other nearby sources. Dissipation in in-field soils was faster than literature-based DT₅₀. Although the investigated fields differed in soil type, no substantial differences in dissipation were observed. Dissipation in vegetation samples was in line with literature. Off-field samples showed substance-specific dissipation patterns and were often slower or not detectable.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Overall, our results indicate that off-field transport of current-use pesticides may occur even under agricultural best practice with drift reducing technology and optimal conditions. Moreover, concentration decrease in environmental samples may be influenced by additional atmospheric inputs, which can complicate the distinction between applied and background-derived CUPs. This highlights that environmental compartments integrate multiple exposure pathways, including direct drift deposition and diffuse environmental sources. Consequently, regulatory approaches may not fully capture the complexity of real-world exposure scenarios. Field-based measurements incorporating landscape-based exposure scenarios therefore remain essential to complement regulatory modelling approaches and to ensure that environmental risk assessments adequately reflect real-world exposure scenarios.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01478-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148613876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preventing regrettable substitution through regulatory frameworks: using REACH regulation and Stockholm Convention as case studies","authors":"Olasunkanmi Dosunmu,&nbsp;Rob Whiting,&nbsp;Avtar S. Matharu,&nbsp;Nigel Watson,&nbsp;Andrew J. Sweetman","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01470-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01470-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Regrettable substitution, which involves the replacement of a hazardous chemical with an alternative that later proves equally harmful or introduces new risks, remains an ongoing significant challenge for chemical regulation. As regulatory frameworks such as REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals) and the Stockholm Convention increasingly drive transitions away from the use of hazardous substances, the need to prevent regrettable substitution has become central to effective chemicals management.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study examines how regrettable substitution can be prevented through deliberate regulatory design and implementation. Using REACH and the Stockholm Convention as case studies, we performed a qualitative study involving interviews and document analysis.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Reflexive thematic analysis generated interconnected themes that collectively identify how regulatory frameworks can potentially prevent regrettable substitution. These include improving the reliability, completeness, and transparency of regulatory data to support informed substitution; using incentives and structured regulatory support to promote innovation in safe(r) alternatives; establishing coherent and coordinated regulatory approaches that reduce fragmentation; strengthening partnerships among regulators, industry, and scientific actors to enhance information flow; adopting proactive and precautionary regulatory strategies, including early screening; and reinforcing compliance through enhanced monitoring and enforcement.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The findings demonstrate that regrettable substitution is not merely a scientific or technical failure but a systemic and operational regulatory issue arising from late hazard identification, incomplete exposure and performance information, siloed regulatory structures, and uneven innovation incentives. The study concludes that preventing regrettable substitution requires regulatory frameworks that are anticipatory, integrated, transparent, and adaptive that can actively steer the substitution process toward genuinely safe(r) and sustainable chemical solutions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01470-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From fixed to dynamic: setting flow-related habitat values for macroinvertebrate ecological status assessment in Mediterranean rivers","authors":"Silvia Quadroni,&nbsp;Stefania Erba,&nbsp;Marcello Cazzola,&nbsp;Simona Cislaghi,&nbsp;Andrea Buffagni","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01455-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01455-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Type-specific reference conditions are the anchor point of classifications of river ecological status. Usually based on the idea of a fixed and predictable status, they contrast with river dynamic hydrological trajectories. In this study, we focused on the impact of temporal streamflow variation and the related changes of lentic-lotic character of Mediterranean rivers on the definition of reference conditions for the assessment of their ecological status based on benthic macroinvertebrate community.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Starting from 71-year long streamflow timeseries of a reference and a slightly altered river reach, located in the Sardinia Island, and using empirical relationships, we investigated the annual and monthly variability of the lentic-lotic character and of the biological metrics used to define the ecological status of Italian rivers (STAR_ICM index and its six sub-metrics) in different mesohabitats (pool and riffle). Then, we compared the result of the application of dynamic <i>vs.</i> fixed reference conditions for the STAR_ICMi calculation and ecological status classification. As expected, the lentic-lotic character of Sardinian rivers fluctuates continuously over time from lotic conditions in winter to extremely lentic conditions in summer, with significant variations from one year to another. All the biological metrics vary consequently over time, with a significant reduction in the summer months due to droughts/low flows and display a higher variability in pool than in riffle.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>If dynamic instead of fixed reference conditions are used, quality classification shifts towards better ecological status, proving the potentially strong impact of ignoring the effects of natural habitat variability when assessing river ecological status.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01455-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of ambient pollutants concentration on hospitalization costs for respiratory diseases","authors":"Jinjun Qiu,&nbsp;Weifang Lin,&nbsp;Qian Liang,&nbsp;Tianyi Dong,&nbsp;Hui Shi,&nbsp;Guangjun Yu,&nbsp;Weisen Zhao,&nbsp;Yixin Wang,&nbsp;Xiaomei Chen,&nbsp;Zili Yi,&nbsp;Xiaolin Xia,&nbsp;Shi Liang","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01461-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01461-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Evidence on the direct economic burden of air pollution for respiratory diseases remains limited in the Pearl River Delta region, China. This study quantifies the association between ambient pollutants and respiratory hospitalization costs in Pingshan District, Shenzhen, and compares pollutant-specific economic risks at equivalent Air Quality Index (AQI) levels.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>Daily respiratory hospitalization costs, six criteria pollutants, including Particulate Matter (PM) with a diameter of less than or equal to 10 µm (PM₁₀), Particulate Matter with a diameter of less than or equal to 2.5 µm (PM_2.5), Nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), Ozone (O₃), Sulphur dioxide (SO₂), and Carbon monoxide (CO), and meteorological data (temperature, relative humidity, wind speed) were collected from May 13, 2014 to December 31, 2019. A distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM) integrated with a generalized additive model (GAM) was used to estimate exposure-lag-response associations over 14 days, adjusting for meteorology, long-term trends, and day-of-week effects. Single- and multi-pollutant models were applied to compute cumulative relative risks (RRs) at AQI 50 and 100.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 27,140 hospitalizations (mean 13 ± 5/day; mean per-patient cost ¥3,642 ± 2,448) were analyzed. PM₁₀, PM_2.5, and NO₂ were significantly associated with increased total costs. PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 showed acute effects (lag 0–2 days): cumulative RRs = 1.194 (95%CI:1.043–1.368) and 1.167 (95%CI:1.017–1.338). NO₂ had significant effects at both lag 0–2 days (RR = 1.311, 95%CI:1.039–1.652) and lag 3–7 days (RR = 1.460, 95%CI:1.022–2.086). At identical AQI levels, NO₂ caused the highest cost burden: at AQI 50, cost increases were 19.4% (PM₁₀), 16.7% (PM₂.₅), and 46.0% (NO₂); at AQI 100, they rose to 70.3%, 39.1%, and 113.2%. Multi-pollutant models expanded NO₂’s cumulative effect to 75.7%–93.3%. O₃ showed no significant association. No pollutant significantly affected per-patient costs.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>PM₁₀, PM_2.5, and NO₂ drive respiratory hospitalization costs in Shenzhen, with NO₂ posing the highest unit economic risk per AQI increment. Policies should prioritize reducing traffic-related NO₂ emissions, and healthcare systems should leverage air quality forecasts for proactive resource allocation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01461-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149034646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bees as effect-detectors of air pollution: an ecotoxicological overview","authors":"Melissa Barra,&nbsp;Mario Carere,&nbsp;Valentina Pantano,&nbsp;Walter Cristiano,&nbsp;Aurora Mancini,&nbsp;Ines Lacchetti,&nbsp;Laura Mancini","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01463-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01463-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Particulate Matter (PM) and air chemical pollutants represent increasing environmental and health pressures, particularly in urban areas where climate change boosts the effects of contaminants. In addition to acting as a stressor itself, PM can also transport other hazardous agents, such as heavy metals, pesticides, and organic compounds, increasing their diffusion and adverse effects on the health of living organisms, including humans. Over the years, bees have become one of the most widely used model organism and biological sentinels due to their ability to bioaccumulate contaminants and, thus, to reflect the state of the ecosystem. Despite this, little is known about the ecotoxicological effects of chemical pollutants on bee species. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the use of bees as an eco-bioindicator of air quality and the resulting ecotoxicological effects of pollutants on these organisms. It also proposes an integrated conceptual framework linking biomonitoring, ecotoxicological assessment, PM, and urban environmental pressure. Specifically, we performed an extensive literature review by investigating multiple databases following rigorous criteria as defined by the PECO framework. As a result of the review process, we selected 38 articles adopting bees as indicators of air contamination presence distribution and 15 investigating bees' response to air pollutants. The selected articles analysed different bee species that showed distinct levels of sensitivity to PM although the western honeybee (<i>Apis mellifera</i>) was the most widely studied. Most of the studies focused on the bioaccumulation of PM₂.₅, pesticides, and heavy metals. Studies on bee response have observed pesticides as the primary cause of mortality and social behaviour effects. The present review shows an increasing rate of publications in the past few years regarding the use of bees as bioindicators. Despite that, it is still necessary to develop standards and protocols that take into account the different sensitivity among pollinators, the actual concentrations of pollutants present in nature, and their effects (single and combined) on biota. Combining the results with chemical pollution and climate stress would also be necessary, considering the increasing effects of global warming on the environmental air quality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01463-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149189836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the bioaccumulation and toxicity of platinum group elements to white mustard plants (Sinapis alba)","authors":"Martina Bucková,&nbsp;Jitka Hegrová,&nbsp;Lubomír Prokeš,&nbsp;Eliška Teplíková,&nbsp;Ondřej Bucek,&nbsp;Josef Svoboda,&nbsp;Vilma Jandová,&nbsp;Roman Ličbinský","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01468-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01468-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Road traffic is a significant source of platinum group elements (PGEs), which contaminate various environmental compartments along roadways. Platinum group elements released from automotive catalytic converters readily disperse into the surroundings and may pose a hazard, particularly in areas with high traffic intensity. To better understand the mechanisms of PGE action, environmental monitoring should be complemented by laboratory-based toxicity studies using living organisms. In this study, the bioaccumulation and toxicity of Pd, Pt, and their mixtures in <i>Sinapis alba</i> were assessed using acute toxicity tests. Root growth inhibition assays revealed a lower EC50 for Pd (4.75 mg·L^–1) than for Pt (5.26 mg·L^–1). At Pd and Pt concentrations of 1–10 mg L⁻¹ in the test solutions, up to 6 times more Pt than Pd accumulated in white mustard tissues. Lower accumulated concentrations of Pd than Pt induced comparable inhibitory effects, suggesting higher toxicity of Pd. On the contrary, at low concentrations (500 ng·L^–1 and 1000 ng·L^–1) corresponding to environmental levels, both elements exhibited similar bioaccumulation behaviour, with bioaccumulation factors up to 100 times higher than for concentrations above 1 mg L⁻¹ and had stimulatory effects on root growth. Both elements were predominantly accumulated in the roots, and their concentrations increased with exposure duration. A comparison of the bioaccumulation of individual PGEs versus their mixtures revealed a statistically significant difference only for Pt, and only at high concentrations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01468-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149132963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning for water quality management: a systematic review of prediction models, data challenges, and future directions","authors":"Ibrahim Said","doi":"10.1186/s12302-026-01430-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-026-01430-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water quality management faces major challenges due to nonlinearity, data scarcity, spatial heterogeneity, and monitoring costs. Although numerous studies address machine learning (ML), there is a lack of comprehensive research on how ML practically overcomes these challenges. To fill this gap, this review categorizes ML capabilities into functional themes. Following PRISMA guidelines, this study synthesizes 86 peer-reviewed articles (2014–2026), prioritizing specific operational gains over general accuracy claims. For instance, random forest reduced RMSE by 60.1% compared to linear models, improving prediction accuracy. Moreover, ML models handle 50–70% missing data in time series reconstruction. To address data scarcity, transfer learning leverages knowledge from data-rich regions to enhance prediction efficiency (NSE) in data-poor regions by 7–17%. Unsupervised ML also excels at identifying hidden pollution sources through chemical fingerprinting, without prior labeling. Concurrently, feature ranking significantly lowers monitoring costs by reducing necessary variables from 13 to just 4, while maintaining robust prediction accuracy and enhancing model generalizability. Building upon these capabilities, integrating ML with IoT frameworks enables highly effective early-warning management, achieving up to 99.8% accuracy in real-time anomaly detection. Despite these advancements, the review carefully addresses technical risks such as overfitting and overestimation, emphasizing that continuous human oversight remains essential. The findings also revealed that no one-size model fits all scenarios, as predictive performance depends on data nature, sample size, model architecture, and environmental conditions. Ultimately, ML enables smart water-quality management, representing a qualitative shift toward proactive environmental resilience.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-026-01430-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148465280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}