Environmental Sciences Europe最新文献

{"title":"Environmental risk scenarios of specific NGT applications in Brassicaceae oilseed plants","authors":"Franziska Koller,&nbsp;Michael Cieslak,&nbsp;Andreas Bauer-Panskus","doi":"10.1186/s12302-024-01009-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-024-01009-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Oilseed plants of the Brassicaceae plant family are cultivated for food, feed and industrial purposes on large-scale in Europe. This review gives an overview of current market-oriented applications of new genomic techniques (NGTs) in relevant Brassicaceae oilseed crops based on a literature survey. In this respect, changes in oil quality, yield, growth and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress are under development in oilseed rape <i>(Brassica napus),</i> camelina (<i>Camelina sativa</i>), and pennycress (<i>Thlaspi arvense</i>)<i>.</i></p><h3>Main findings</h3><p>Environmental risk scenarios starting with hazard identification are developed for specific NGT applications in Brassicaceae oilseed crops with either a changed oil composition or with fitness-related traits. In case of a changed oil composition, an increase or decrease of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may lead to risks for health and survival of pollinators. Regarding fitness-related traits, other risks were identified, i.e. an increased spread and persistence of NGT plants. Furthermore, there are indications for potential disturbance of interactions with the environment, involving signalling pathways and reaction to stress conditions.</p><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>It is shown that for environmental risk scenarios of the technological specificities of NGTs, the plants’ biology and the scale of releases have to be considered in combination. Therefore, the release of NGT plants into the environment for agricultural purposes will, also in future, require risk assessment and monitoring of individual traits as well as of combinatorial and long-term cumulative effects. In addition, risk management should develop concepts and measures to control and potentially limit the scale of releases. This is especially relevant for NGT Brassicaceae in Europe, which is a centre of diversity of this plant family.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-024-01009-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142519071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal and spatial analysis of fertilizer application intensity and its environmental risks in China from 1978 to 2022","authors":"Shanshan Yang,&nbsp;Huiling Chen,&nbsp;Zhansheng Li,&nbsp;Yifan Ruan,&nbsp;Qiying Yang","doi":"10.1186/s12302-024-01011-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-024-01011-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Fertilizers are an essential input in agriculture as they can enhance crop yields. However, their use also poses significant environmental risks. To thoroughly explore the intensity of fertilizer use and its potential threats to the ecological environment, this study analyzed the environmental risks of fertilizer use from a temporal and spatial perspective based on fertilizer application data in China from 1978 to 2022. Additionally, the contribution of fertilizer application in Chinese farmland to greenhouse gas N₂O emissions was quantified using IPCC emission factor methodology. The results indicated that fertilizer application intensity and N₂O emissions in China initially increased and then decreased from 1978 to 2022. Despite the implementation of various fertilizer control measures at the policy level, such as the Zero Growth of Fertilizer Action in 2015 and the Efficiency-Increasing Action for Reducing Fertilizer Use in 2022, the intensity of fertilizer application in China still exceeded international safety standards by 1.33-fold in 2022, reaching 298.79 kg/hm². Furthermore, N₂O emissions amounted to 50.17 × 10⁴t, accounting for 16% of China's total agricultural greenhouse gas emissions that year. Correlation and regression analyses demonstrated that with increasing fertilizer application, crop production exhibits an inverted U-shaped growth trend, indicating limited effectiveness of high-intensity fertilizer use in increasing crop yields. These findings highlight the profound greenhouse effect resulting from the use of agricultural nitrogen fertilizer. Therefore, this study proposed technical and policy-level mitigation measures to address the issues caused by excessive fertilizer application, aiming to provide insights for controlling agricultural non-point source pollution and preserving the agroecological environment.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-024-01011-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142452950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Subjectivity of visual assessments in FOCUS kinetics and acceptability of first-order fits for regulatory modelling","authors":"Edna Rödig,&nbsp;Simon Ford,&nbsp;Andrew D. Bailey,&nbsp;Michael Bird,&nbsp;Mitesh Patel","doi":"10.1186/s12302-024-01013-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-024-01013-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The degradation half-life (DegT50) of a substance in soil plays an important role in the approval process of a plant protection product and is a sensitive input parameter for regulatory models. It is usually derived through least squares optimizations of mathematical models to measured degradation data according to EU FOCUS degradation kinetics guidance. A strong consensus on degradation parameters provides a solid foundation for parts of the environmental risk assessment. The DegT50 of a substance for regulatory modeling is preferably derived from a single first-order (SFO) model as this is currently the only kinetic model implemented in EU regulatory models of the environmental fate of pesticides. However, kinetic optimisation tools do not always provide a regulatory acceptable SFO fit even though a visual inspection of the data suggests it may be possible. It was therefore hypothesized that more acceptable SFO fits might be achieved by adapting the objective function that is minimized during the optimization.</p><p>Eight objective functions with varying weightings were tested on 29 laboratory soil degradation datasets. A web-based app was developed to allow experts in environmental safety of plant protection products to visually assess the goodness of fits resulting from different objective functions. The visual assessments and a quantitative metric, newly introduced in the proposed update of the FOCUS guidance, show that the acceptability of SFO fits can be increased, but no single objective function exclusively improves all fits. The assessment reveals that expert judgment is very subjective. Participants tended to change their mind when judging the acceptance of a fit, assumingly caused by a learning curve or a period of calibration.</p><p>It is concluded that different objective functions could be considered in the kinetic assessment as it can improve the acceptability of SFO fits and hence endpoints for regulatory modeling. This study reveals that various qualitative factors influence the visual judgment of experts when performing a kinetic modeling assessment. The proposed quantitative metric seems to be in alignment with the visual assessment of fits to derive modeling endpoints and a promising step toward less subjective kinetic modeling assessments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-024-01013-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographical distribution of caudatoside and ptaquiloside in bracken ferns in Northern Europe","authors":"Vaidotas Kisielius,&nbsp;Bo Markussen,&nbsp;Hans Christian Bruun Hansen,&nbsp;Lars Holm Rasmussen","doi":"10.1186/s12302-024-01012-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-024-01012-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bracken ferns (genus <i>Pteridium</i>) are among the most prevalent plants worldwide, with their distribution expanding due to their invasive nature. The environmental implications of their proliferation in areas affected by human activity, natural disasters, or land-use changes are concerning, primarily because of the carcinogenic illudane glycosides they produce. These compounds cause domestic and wildlife animal poisoning, as well as contamination of dairy products and drinking water. Several illudane glycosides are known, but usually only ptaquiloside (PTA) is monitored. This study investigates the spatial and temporal variations in illudane glycosides PTA, caudatoside (CAU) and ptesculentoside (PTE) across two phenotypes of <i>Pteridium aquilinum</i> (vars. <i>aquilinum</i> and <i>latiusculum</i>) over a broad geographic range spanning Denmark, Sweden, and Finland, encompassing 66 locations. We analysed different parts of the fern fronds (the tips and the lowest pinnae) using LC–MS and statistically explored the influence of phenotype, frond part, geographic location, sunlight exposure, and the surrounding ecosystem on glycoside content. Our findings reveal that PTA accounts for approximately two-thirds of the total illudane glycoside content, followed by CAU at nearly one-third, and a minor contribution from PTE. Glycoside levels were not influenced by phenotypic varieties or the studied environmental factors, but were significantly affected by geographic location. Specifically, CAU levels increased progressively towards the northeast, while PTA concentrations were highest in Denmark and markedly decreased in northeastern countries by over threefold, presumably due to climatic gradient. It has been further supported by temporal analysis in selected PTA-dominant regions indicating a reduction in PTA towards the end of the growing season, aligning its levels with those of CAU. Our study highlights that CAU concentrations in bracken ferns may equal or surpass PTA, contesting the prevailing view that PTA is the only notable illudane glycoside in Bracken<i>.</i> To provide unbiased assessment of the potential risks posed by <i>P. aquilinum</i> in the region, environmental and toxicological research should include measurements of not only PTA, but also CAU and, if possible, PTE.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-024-01012-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungi as versatile biocatalytic tool for treatment of textile wastewater effluents","authors":"Ashok Pundir,&nbsp;Mohindra Singh Thakur,&nbsp;Suraj Prakash,&nbsp;Neeraj Kumari,&nbsp;Niharika Sharma,&nbsp;Ettiyagounder Parameswari,&nbsp;Zhongqi He,&nbsp;Sunghyun Nam,&nbsp;Mamta Thakur,&nbsp;Sunil Puri,&nbsp;Shriniketan Puranik,&nbsp;Sunil Kumar,&nbsp; Madhu,&nbsp;Manoj Kumar","doi":"10.1186/s12302-024-01007-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-024-01007-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Textile wastewater poses a significant environmental challenge, primarily due to the presence of diverse contaminants, especially textile dyes. Untreated release of these effluents directly into aquatic systems can lead to esthetic degradation, eutrophication, reduced photosynthetic activity, and accumulation of hazardous substances. Although conventional treatment methods are employed for reducing the contaminant load in effluents, they often are less efficient, thus prompting the exploration of innovative alternatives. Current review highlights myco-remediation as an inexpensive, promising and environmentally sustainable solution. Fungi, with their diverse decontamination mechanisms such as biosorption, biotransformation, and immobilization, prove effective in reducing heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants, and emerging contaminant levels present in these effluents, However, more research effort is needed to apply the biodegradation strategy to decompose completely the “forever chemicals” per‐ and polyfluorinated alkyl substances. Fungi play a key role in degrading and decolorizing textile dyes due to their biocatalytic activity mediated by the production of oxidative enzymes, such as laccases, lignin peroxidases, and manganese peroxidases, as well as their dye adsorption capabilities. This comprehensive review concentrates on fungi-based remediation of textile wastewater effluents, including the mechanisms they employ. While most studies concentrate on effluent treatment, this review also explores the concurrent utilization of biomass and growth kinetics for efficient reduction in pollutant concentrations. Further, the current work showed data on optimization of growth conditions such as pH, temperature and nutrient requirements that lead to efficient effluent decontamination.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-024-01007-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142443367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring a GIS-based analytic hierarchy process for spatial flood risk assessment in Egypt: a case study of the Damietta branch","authors":"Mohamed Zhran,&nbsp;Karim Ghanem,&nbsp;Aqil Tariq,&nbsp;Fahad Alshehri,&nbsp;Shuanggen Jin,&nbsp;Jayanta Das,&nbsp;Chaitanya Baliram Pande,&nbsp;Malay Pramanik,&nbsp;Fahdah Falah Ben Hasher,&nbsp;Ashraf Mousa","doi":"10.1186/s12302-024-01001-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-024-01001-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Floods are the most common and costly disasters worldwide, while spatial flood risk assessment is still challenging due to fewer observations and method limitations. In this study, the flood risk zonation in the Nile districts of the Damietta branch, Egypt, is delineated and assessed by integrating remote sensing with a geographic information system, and an analytical hierarchy process (AHP). Twelve thematic layers (elevation, slope, normalized difference vegetation index, topographic wetness index, modified normalized difference water index, topographic positioning index, stream power index, modified Fournier index, drainage density, distance to the river, sediment transport index, and lithology) are used for producing flood susceptibility zonation (FSZ) and six parameters (total population, distance to hospital, land use/land cover, population density, road density, and distance to road) are utilized for producing flood vulnerability zonation. Multicollinearity analysis is applied to identify highly correlated independent variables. Sensitivity studies have been used to assess the effectiveness of the AHP model. The results indicate that the high and very high flood risk classes cover 21.40% and 8.26% of the area, respectively. In 14.07%, 27.01%, and 29.26% of the research area, respectively, flood risk zones classified as very low, low, and moderate are found. Finally, FSZ is validated using the receiver operating characteristics curve and area under curve (AUC) analysis. A higher AUC value (0.741) in the validation findings demonstrated the validity of this AHP approach. The results of this study will help planners, hydrologists, and managers of water resources manage areas that are susceptible to flooding and reduce potential harm.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-024-01001-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The generalized STAR modelling with three-dimensional of spatial weight matrix in predicting the Indonesia peatland’s water level","authors":"Utriweni Mukhaiyar,&nbsp;Adilan Widyawan Mahdiyasa,&nbsp;Tarasinta Prastoro,&nbsp;Udjianna Sekteria Pasaribu,&nbsp;Kurnia Novita Sari,&nbsp;Sapto Wahyu Indratno,&nbsp;Indratmo Soekarno,&nbsp;Devi Nandita Choesin,&nbsp;Isro Ismail,&nbsp;Dian Rosleine,&nbsp;Danang Teguh Qoyyimi","doi":"10.1186/s12302-024-00979-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-024-00979-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The release rate of CO₂ gas can be influenced by peatlands’ physical properties, such as water level and soil moisture, and rainfall. To anticipate the unstable condition which is when the peatland emit more carbon, we developed the Generalized Space Time Autoregressive (GSTAR) model in predicting these physical properties for the following weeks. As the innovation in modelling, the spatial weight matrix was based on three-dimensional coordinates with a modification on the height factor. The data we used are real-time data of water level on the peatlands in Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan Province from 20 February 2021 to 18 March 2023. We then used Ordinary Kriging interpolation on the prediction results to create contour maps on different dates. There were empty data on several dates, especially from 24 March until 3 August 2022. To fill the empty data, we used linear interpolation and then we added white noise to the interpolation results. From the data, the water level has a downward trend pattern from around November to September and an upward trend pattern from October to November. Furthermore, we found that the best model for water level was GSTAR (2;0.1) with a modified matrix <span>(a=0.1)</span> and <span>(b=1.1)</span>. Based on the predicted water level, there is a risk of changes in the properties of the peatlands in several areas in Pulang Pisau Regency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-024-00979-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extremely high levels of PBDEs in children’s toys from European markets: causes and implications for the circular economy","authors":"Chijioke Olisah,&nbsp;Lisa Melymuk,&nbsp;Ondrej Audy,&nbsp;Petr Kukucka,&nbsp;Petra Pribylova,&nbsp;Martin Boudot","doi":"10.1186/s12302-024-00999-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-024-00999-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>With the high influx of low-cost plastic toys on the market, there is growing concern about the safety of such toys. Some of these plastic toys contains hazardous chemicals like polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) due to the use of recycled plastics in new toy manufacturing. Here, we investigated if toys marketed in Europe are compliant with EU directives to assess the safety of currently used children's toys and identify implications of PBDE content in toys.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Eighty-four toys purchased from international toy retailers were screened for bromine using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), and 11 of those with bromine content higher than 500 µg/g were analyzed for ten PBDEs using GC–HRMS. PBDEs were detected in all 11 toys. Ʃ₁₀PBDE concentrations ranged up to 23.5 mg/g (with a median concentration of 8.61 mg/g), with BDE-209 being the most abundant compound (4.40 mg/g). Eight samples exceeded the EU’s Low POP Content Limit (LPCL) of 500 µg/g for the Ʃ₁₀PBDEs by 6–47 times and the Unintentional Trace Contaminant (UTC) limits of 10 µg/g for Deca-BDE by 12–800 times.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>PBDEs were up to percent levels, suggesting direct recycling of flame retarded plastic, e.g., e-waste plastics, into toy components. This is a call for concern and requires intervention from all stakeholders involved in the toy market. Overall, the occurrence of non-compliant toys in the EU market, as indicated in this study is primarily attributed to gaps in regulations, inadequate legislation for recycled plastics, the rise of online sales, complexities in global and national supply chains, and economic challenges. Failure to address these issues will hinder the efforts of the plastics industry to transition into a circular economy. This suggests that more actions are needed to address gaps in cross-border enforcement, and stricter sanctions are required for toy manufacturers who fail to adhere to regulations and safety standards.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-024-00999-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microplastics and chemical contamination in aquaculture ecosystems: The role of climate change and implications for food safety—a review","authors":"Omowunmi H. Fred-Ahmadu,&nbsp;Frederick O. Ahmadu,&nbsp;Adebusayo E. Adedapo,&nbsp;Itebimien Oghenovo,&nbsp;Oluwafemi T. Ogunmodede,&nbsp;Nsikak U. Benson","doi":"10.1186/s12302-024-00995-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-024-00995-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The aquaculture industry is growing rapidly and plays a huge role in bridging the global demand gap for fish and other aquatic foods. It is a vital contributor of valuable nutrients and economic benefits. Aquaculture and fisheries provide a means of livelihood to an estimated 58.5 million people globally, according to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organisation. However, the sector is impacted by the ubiquity of microplastics and toxic chemicals. Although many studies have reported plastic pollution in the aquaculture environment, less attention has been paid to the coexistence of toxic chemicals with plastic particles and the role of climate change in aquaculture food contamination. This review evaluates the occurrence of microplastics in organisms, feeds, water, and sediment in the aquaculture ecosystem and the detection and hazardous effects of toxic chemical contaminants. We also highlight novel insights into the role of climate change in plastic and chemical contamination of aquaculture organisms and ecosystems. We report that the extent of aquaculture’s contribution to global climate change and global plastic pollution is yet to be adequately quantified and requires further investigation for appropriate risk assessment and prevention of food safety crisis. Possible mitigation strategies for the highlighted pollution problems were suggested, and some identified gaps for future research were indicated. Overall, this work is one of the first efforts to assess the influence of climate change on aquaculture food contamination, emphasising its effects on food safety and ecosystem health.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-024-00995-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enormous headward and gully erosion in a floodplain area reclaimed for open-cast lignite mining during the July 2021 flood in the Inde River valley (Western Germany)","authors":"Johannes Keßels,&nbsp;Stefanie Wolf,&nbsp;Wolfgang Römer,&nbsp;Lukas Dörwald,&nbsp;Philipp Schulte,&nbsp;Frank Lehmkuhl","doi":"10.1186/s12302-024-00997-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12302-024-00997-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The July flood 2021 at the mountain front of the Eifel-Ardennes Mountains and their foreland resulted in the flooding of the lignite mining area of Inden in Germany. The mining activities resulted in large-scale anthropogenic changes to the relief and fluvial system, leading to a landscape that is no longer adjusted to the recent process-response system. This paper concentrates on the Inde River, where lignite mining led to the relocation of a 5-km-long river section. The flood event resulted in the temporary avulsion of the Inde River into the former channel and, ultimately, in the flooding of the open-cast lignite mine Inden.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>The flooding of the open-cast lignite mine Inden led to headwall erosion and enormous sediment mobilisation, mobilising more than half a million cubic metres of sediment within a few hours, forming a 700-m-long deeply incised channel cut. Thereby, the underlying bedrock, near-subsurface man-made structures, and former river channels influence the erosional processes to different degrees. Surface erosion is likely to be the decisive process, and subsurface erosion is likely to play a secondary role. In both cases, former channels and mill ditches were likely impacting the course of erosional processes.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>During high flood events open-cast mining sites in floodplains are endangered by enormous erosion and sediment transport within a short period of time (several hours). Understanding such complex erosion and depositional processes in open-cast mining areas could provide a blueprint for geomorphological processes and hazards in these anthropogenically shaped fluvial landscapes. Further, information on historic impact in the area is crucial to estimate potential risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":546,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Sciences Europe","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1186/s12302-024-00997-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}