Street children exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and environmental noise: an exposure assessment and health risk analysis study

IF 6 3区环境科学与生态学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

Environmental Sciences Europe Pub Date : 2025-07-07 DOI:10.1186/s12302-025-01165-y

Mahdi Nassri Nassrabadi, Sasan Faridi, Kazem Naddafi, Masud Yunesian, Omar Hahad, Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand

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Abstract

Street children, particularly those aged 3–8 years, are highly vulnerable to environmental stressors. This study assessed their exposure to ambient fine particulate matter (PM_2.5) and environmental noise at 30 high-traffic intersections in Tehran, Iran. Measurements were conducted using calibrated Plantower PMS5003 aerosol sensors for PM_2.5 and TES 52A noise meters for sound levels. Parameters such as temperature, humidity, and traffic intensity were also recorded. Health risks were evaluated using hazard quotients (HQs) for different age groups, focusing on non-carcinogenic and cognitive effects. PM_2.5 levels exceeded 15 µg/m³ at nearly all locations, with concentrations over 40 µg/m³ at key intersections. Noise levels consistently surpassed 70 dB, exceeding the World Health Organization (WHO) daytime limit of 53 dB. HQ values exceeded 2.0 in several intersections for younger children, indicating elevated risk. These findings highlight the urgent need for policy interventions to reduce pollution exposure in vulnerable populations like street children.

Graphical Abstract

查看原文本刊更多论文

街头儿童对环境细颗粒物（PM2.5）和环境噪声的暴露：暴露评估和健康风险分析研究

街头儿童，特别是3-8岁的儿童，极易受到环境压力的影响。这项研究评估了他们在伊朗德黑兰30个交通繁忙的十字路口暴露于环境细颗粒物（PM2.5）和环境噪音的情况。测量使用经过校准的Plantower PMS5003气溶胶传感器测量PM2.5，使用TES 52A噪声计测量声级。温度、湿度和交通强度等参数也被记录下来。使用危害商数（HQs）对不同年龄组的健康风险进行评估，重点关注非致癌和认知影响。几乎所有地点的PM2.5浓度都超过了15微克/立方米，关键路口的PM2.5浓度超过了40微克/立方米。噪音水平一直超过70分贝，超过了世界卫生组织（WHO）规定的53分贝的日间限制。在几个十字路口，HQ值超过2.0的儿童，表明风险增加。这些发现突出表明，迫切需要采取政策干预措施，减少街头儿童等弱势群体的污染暴露。图形抽象

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来源期刊

Environmental Sciences Europe Environmental Science-Pollution

CiteScore

11.20

自引率

1.70%

发文量

110

审稿时长

13 weeks

期刊介绍： ESEU is an international journal, focusing primarily on Europe, with a broad scope covering all aspects of environmental sciences, including the main topic regulation. ESEU will discuss the entanglement between environmental sciences and regulation because, in recent years, there have been misunderstandings and even disagreement between stakeholders in these two areas. ESEU will help to improve the comprehension of issues between environmental sciences and regulation. ESEU will be an outlet from the German-speaking (DACH) countries to Europe and an inlet from Europe to the DACH countries regarding environmental sciences and regulation. Moreover, ESEU will facilitate the exchange of ideas and interaction between Europe and the DACH countries regarding environmental regulatory issues. Although Europe is at the center of ESEU, the journal will not exclude the rest of the world, because regulatory issues pertaining to environmental sciences can be fully seen only from a global perspective.