Rong Jing , Chen Chen , Shenping Hu , Kenji Sasa , Hongchu Yu , Yu Hu
{"title":"Spatial-temporal shipping risk assessment along Asia-Europe route due to ocean waves","authors":"Rong Jing , Chen Chen , Shenping Hu , Kenji Sasa , Hongchu Yu , Yu Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The safety of ship navigation is a longstanding priority in the maritime industry, with ocean waves exerting significant influence on vessel stability and operational risk. This study conducts a spatial-temporal analysis of ship accidents over the past 24 years along the Asia–Europe shipping route, integrating a global ship accident database with wave parameters derived from the ERA5 and Copernicus wave reanalysis datasets. A key focus is placed on the interaction between wind seas and swells, which reveals that when these wave systems exhibit similar propagation directions and wave periods, strong coupling can occur—intensifying sea states and substantially increasing the probability of ship accidents. Based on these findings, a wave-induced navigation risk assessment framework was developed to quantify the potential risk posed by ocean waves. Seasonal climatology analyses show that navigation risk is generally higher in the Northwest Pacific Ocean compared to the North Indian Ocean. Moreover, elevated risk levels are observed in the Northwest Pacific during winter and in the North Indian Ocean during summer, indicating distinct seasonal patterns in wave-induced accident risk. These results provide valuable insights for improving ship routing strategies and enhancing maritime safety under varying ocean wave conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54698,"journal":{"name":"Ocean & Coastal Management","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 107922"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145059991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yaying Lou , Jie Wang , Hui Dong , Jiangjie Yang , Huabin Shi
{"title":"Dynamics, vulnerabilities, and adaptive strategies for tidal flat sustainability in a mega fluvial-tidal estuary","authors":"Yaying Lou , Jie Wang , Hui Dong , Jiangjie Yang , Huabin Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107916","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107916","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Estuarine tidal flats are valuable natural resources, offering significant ecological, environmental, and economic benefits. However, intense human activities are increasingly altering tidal flat morphodynamics, leading to the unsustainable development of estuarine tidal flats. Moreover, there remain knowledge gaps in developing efficient resilience-enhancing strategies for vulnerable coastal communities and ecosystems. Therefore, this study integrates satellite images, bathymetric data, and hydrological records to detect the spatiotemporal dynamics and risks of four major tidal flats in the mega-Changjiang Estuary (CJE) between 2002 and 2023. Our results indicated that four tidal flats prograded overall over the past two decades, with salt marsh expansion rates in the Eastern Chongming Shoal, Hengsha Shoal, Jiuduan Shoal, and Nanhui Shoal standing at 3.13 km<sup>2</sup>/yr, 6.44 km<sup>2</sup>/yr, 3.58 km<sup>2</sup>/yr, and 5.56 km<sup>2</sup>/yr, respectively. Nevertheless, the bare flat of Jiuduan Shoal experienced significant erosion at a rate of 2.45 km<sup>2</sup>/yr since 2014. The primary risks to tidal flats in the CJE include the loss of upper intertidal zones, steepening topography, imbalanced expansion of vegetated-unvegetated areas, degeneration of tidal creeks, and <em>Spartina alterniflora</em> invasion. Despite declining fluvial sediment, engineered structures in the CJE have enhanced local sedimentation rates in tidal flats while concurrently increasing future instability risks. We consequently propose targeted management strategies for sustainable tidal flat restorations, prioritizing: 1) sediment replenishment pathways, 2) geomorphic rehabilitation techniques, and 3) ecological engineering solutions. These evidence-based recommendations support policy development for preserving coastal ecosystems sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54698,"journal":{"name":"Ocean & Coastal Management","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 107916"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alejandra Merlotto , Pedro Andrés Garzo , Germán Ricardo Bértola , Eleonora Marta Verón , Facundo Martín Hernández
{"title":"Development of the Coastal Environmental Sustainability Index (CESI) as a management tool for touristic and recreational beaches","authors":"Alejandra Merlotto , Pedro Andrés Garzo , Germán Ricardo Bértola , Eleonora Marta Verón , Facundo Martín Hernández","doi":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107920","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107920","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Beaches provide essential ecosystem services to both residents and visitors. In particular, sun-and-beach tourism supports many coastal economies worldwide. However, it leads to significant environmental impacts, jeopardizing the long-term sustainability of beach socio-ecosystems. Urban tourist beaches face a dual challenge: balancing the provision of recreational services with the preservation of their landscapes and bathing quality. To address this challenge, this work aimed to generate an index to evaluate the environmental sustainability of urban beaches, concerning their environmental state, relative level of urbanization, and recreational potential. Three initial indexes were proposed based on quali-quantitative parameters, from which the final Coastal Environmental Sustainability Index (CESI) was constructed. To evaluate its potential application, the CESI was tested on eleven southeastern Atlantic beaches. The CESI assessment showed that it can be applied to a wide range of environmental and urban settings. The results enabled evidence of the current level of compensation between natural and economic capital flows in urban beaches. The proposed method allows for low-cost and reproducible estimates based on empirical data. It contributes a simple, applicable, and reproducible but suitable framework for assessing the beach's environmental state from which comprehensive management strategies can emerge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54698,"journal":{"name":"Ocean & Coastal Management","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 107920"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Managing emerging port security challenges in developing green and digital shipping corridors: A port governance cooperation perspective under the Belt and Road Initiative","authors":"Qiuwen Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development of Green and Digital Shipping Corridors (GDSCs) represents a significant advancement in promoting sustainable and efficient maritime transport. However, as these corridors evolve, they also introduce emerging and complex security challenges for ports. The integration of advanced digital and intelligent technologies, alongside the adoption of alternative fuels and renewable energy systems, increases vulnerabilities in port operations. While foundational international and regional frameworks have laid an initial groundwork for port security, critical gaps remain. Using a combination of legal and policy analysis approach, this study critically examines these institutional shortcomings in addressing emerging security risks at ports associated with GDSC development, including insufficient integration of emerging security risks into regulatory frameworks, inadequate governmental participation in international regulation, deficiencies in private sector safety governance, unclear accountability, and limited technical standard coordination and security training. This study highlights the need for strengthened port security cooperative governance to address these emerging challenges within the context of GDSC development under the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54698,"journal":{"name":"Ocean & Coastal Management","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 107924"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wanchao Bian , Jiayi Fang , Shiqiang Du , Tangao Hu
{"title":"Evidence of increasing coastal flood risk along mainland China from 1985 to 2050: Perspectives on climate change and urban expansion","authors":"Wanchao Bian , Jiayi Fang , Shiqiang Du , Tangao Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rising sea levels and the increasing frequency of extreme coastal disasters, exacerbated by rapid urbanization in coastal areas, have led to more frequent and severe coastal flooding events. Yet, large-scale coastal flooding hydrodynamic modeling in mainland China remains limited, particularly due to inadequate consideration of driving factors, with most relying on the bathtub method. This study, considering the existing coastal protection standards, utilized the LISFLOOD-FP two-dimensional hydrodynamic model to simulate the spatial distribution of 100-year return period coastal flooding inundation under both the baseline and SSP5-8.5 2050 scenarios with higher accuracy and a spatial resolution of 90 m. In addition to climate change, we also conducted an in-depth analysis from the perspectives of urban expansion and coastal reclamation. The study finds that under the backdrop of rapid urbanization, settlement areas (1985–2015) and coastal reclamation zones (1990–2019) have expanded rapidly into flood-prone areas, especially in the 21st century, where the growth rate has greatly outpaced that of non-exposed areas. The area of settlement located in coastal flood hazard zones has increased 6.5 times, and the area of reclamation zones in coastal flood hazard zones has increased 26.3 times. Additionally, this study highlights the relative contributions of climate change and urban expansion to the future (SSP5-8.5 2050) coastal inundation risks in cities, providing valuable insights for the sustainable management of coastal flood hazards in China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54698,"journal":{"name":"Ocean & Coastal Management","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 107918"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abigail S. Golden , Megan Feddern , Kristin Marshall , Mary E. Hunsicker , Anne H. Beaudreau , Jameal Samhouri , Kiva L. Oken
{"title":"Prioritizing qualitative, ecosystem-based risk assessments to maximize impact in single-species fishery management","authors":"Abigail S. Golden , Megan Feddern , Kristin Marshall , Mary E. Hunsicker , Anne H. Beaudreau , Jameal Samhouri , Kiva L. Oken","doi":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107917","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107917","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accelerating environmental changes are altering the landscape of risks associated with marine resource management. Risk assessment approaches are gaining traction as a way to incorporate qualitative ecosystem information into the marine fishery management process to evaluate and mitigate these risks. For instance, risk tables that distill complex, ecosystem-based information into qualitative advice can add flexibility to existing processes by providing a way to adjust risk tolerance in response to information about uncertainty and ecosystem trends that do not fit into more rigid decision making structures. However, their effectiveness depends strongly on the key factors of data availability, timing of risk table development, and management on-ramps. Where scientific capacity is constraining, targeting risk table development for situations where they can have the most potential risk mitigation benefit will be key. Here, we share lessons learned from developing a pilot risk table approach for groundfish management on the U.S. West Coast and make recommendations for prioritizing risk table development in light of data availability and management needs. We explore West Coast groundfish case studies to present general guidance for effective prioritization of risk tables in capacity-limited contexts. Key suggestions that offer support within and beyond the West Coast are: 1) identifying management on-ramps for risk tables before or alongside risk table development, 2) coordinating risk table development with management cycles where possible to take advantage of scientific capacity, and 3) tailoring risk table objectives based on the quantity and quality of ecosystem information and its level of inclusion in stock assessments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54698,"journal":{"name":"Ocean & Coastal Management","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 107917"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Salmen A. Bamasood , Khalid Sayed , M.I. Syakir , Mohd Hafiidz Jaafar , Mark Zuknik
{"title":"Impacts of coastal reclamation on small-scale Fishers in Penang, Malaysia","authors":"Salmen A. Bamasood , Khalid Sayed , M.I. Syakir , Mohd Hafiidz Jaafar , Mark Zuknik","doi":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107903","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107903","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The livelihood of small-scale fishers is critical for global food security, economic well-being, and coastal ecosystem health. Environmental and socio-economic shifts, especially coastal reclamation, face significant challenges. The aim of this study was to examine the reclamation's impact on small-scale fishers' livelihood capitals (e.g., human, social, natural, physical, and financial) in Penang, Malaysia, using the sustainable livelihoods framework (SLF). Results revealed that coastal reclamation adversely affects natural, human, and physical capital, while financial capital is moderately impacted. Social capital remains resilient due to strong community networks and leadership. Results highlighted Penang-specific issues, including environmental damage, increased operational costs, and licensing disparities. We recommend solutions, like restoring ecosystems, enhancing capabilities, and establishing sustainable mechanisms. This study provided applicable strategies on how the coastal development can be attuned to the sustainable livelihoods of small-scale fishers worldwide.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54698,"journal":{"name":"Ocean & Coastal Management","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 107903"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md Roushon Jamal , Md Abdullah All Maruf , Mst Jerin Tasnim , Mohammed Nasir Uddin
{"title":"Revitalizing Bangladesh's shrimp industry through policy interventions: An opinion on competitiveness and sustainability","authors":"Md Roushon Jamal , Md Abdullah All Maruf , Mst Jerin Tasnim , Mohammed Nasir Uddin","doi":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global shrimp industry is predicted to be more competitive with robust production growth, rising market demand and profit potential. However, Bangladesh's shrimp industry, including both black tiger shrimp (<em>Penaeus monodon</em>) and prawn (<em>Macrobrachium rosenbergii</em>) is losing global competitiveness with very low-yields, disease prevalence, biosecurity concerns, policy inattention and production risks. Currently, Bangladesh's share in global shrimp production is only 3.7 %, though it has nearly a 10 % share of the global shrimp area. Unplanned expansion of low-yield extensive shrimp farming, salinity intrusion, poor management, policy delay, the poor capacity of shrimp farmers and poor infrastructure have pushed the billion-dollar industry into uncertainty. This opinion article critically explored the status, challenges and prospects of the dollar-earning shrimp industry. To revitalize the competitiveness of this export-oriented industry, sustainable intensification of shrimp farming with comprehensive land zoning, modern management practices, digital interventions, policy support and farming system modification is recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54698,"journal":{"name":"Ocean & Coastal Management","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 107923"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuqing Chen , Nicholas Conner , Dahai Liu , Michael Vardon
{"title":"Opportunities and barriers to ridge-to-reef marine policy: A review and the role of natural capital accounting","authors":"Yuqing Chen , Nicholas Conner , Dahai Liu , Michael Vardon","doi":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107912","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107912","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ridge-to-reef (R2R) is a framework for managing connected terrestrial, coastal, and marine ecosystems. Natural capital accounting, standardised internationally in the System of Environmental-Economic Accounting (SEEA), integrates environmental and economic data, allowing decision-makers to assess trade-offs within and between environmental and economic objectives. The study aims to investigate the opportunities and barriers to incorporating R2R into marine policy and management and the potential of SEEA to address these barriers. We reviewed 49 R2R studies and identified two opportunities (integrated thinking and integrated management options) and three barriers (geographical bias in R2R literature, lack of standardisation, and limited policy uptake). Following the review, we aligned R2R with SEEA to investigate how it could address the barriers. We found that the SEEA addresses the barriers of standardisation and limited policy uptake by providing a standardised framework and metrics for policy-relevant information across terrestrial and marine environments, enabling the identification of upstream impacts on downstream ecosystems, cross-institutional coordination, and integration of R2R into national planning. Moreover, SEEA accounts provide the information needed to manage human impacts on coastal and marine ecosystems adaptively. This includes information for analyses to select the best management practices and to judge the effectiveness of management activity for maintaining ecosystem condition and ecosystem services. We conclude that it is feasible and useful to integrate SEEA to address R2R barriers, and the advantages of incorporating R2R into existing marine policies warrant further investigation. The next step is to test our conclusions through case studies that represent the broad range of social, ecological and economic circumstances in which R2R could be applied. From the case studies and the broader literature, best practices for using SEEA in R2R in marine management can be determined. Ultimately, this enables evidence-based and integrated management that fully addresses upstream impacts on downstream ecosystems for more effective and sustainable marine policies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54698,"journal":{"name":"Ocean & Coastal Management","volume":"270 ","pages":"Article 107912"},"PeriodicalIF":5.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145018642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}