Environmental Science and Pollution Research最新文献

{"title":"Applying the water quality indices, geographical information system, and advanced decision-making techniques to assess the suitability of surface water for drinking purposes in Brahmani River Basin (BRB), Odisha.","authors":"Abhijeet Das","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36329-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36329-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Surface water is used for a variety of purposes, including agriculture, drinking water, and other services. Therefore, its quality is crucial for irrigation, human welfare, and health. Thus, the main objective is to improve surface water quality assessment and geochemical analysis to evaluate anthropogenic activities' impact on surface water quality in the Brahmani Watershed, Odisha. In the present paper, emerging techniques such as CRITIC (Criteria Importance Through Inter-criteria Correlation), Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS), Weighted Aggregated Sum-Product Assessment (WASPAS), SHAP (Shapley Additive Explanation), and Geographical Information System (GIS) were used to locate the origins of pollution in the surface water. The 5-year (2018-2023) database was created by analysing samples that varied geographically over seven sampling locations. The dataset was categorized according to its intended usage. The study employed Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) tool, to forecast quantities and their geographical arrangement. The water temperature detected at several locations along the river revealed minor variations. The pH variations indicate that the surface water in the studied area is alkaline. Notably, the water's lowest temperature ever recorded was 25.72 °C, at Q-(1). In addition, sufficient DO concentrations are monitored to ensure optimal water quality. The major parts of the study area were found to be majorly affected with high concentrations of PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>, EC, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup>, and SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup>. To determine the degree of contamination, a basic standard reference is necessary to interpret the values, which range from the anthropogenic to the natural contribution. The statistical results reveal the dominant decreasing order amongst the cations, such as: Ca<sup>2+</sup>  > Mg<sup>2+</sup>  > Na<sup>+</sup>  > K<sup>+</sup> and in anions, namely, SO<sub>4</sub><sup>2-</sup> > Cl<sup>-</sup> > NO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup> > F<sup>-</sup> > PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3-</sup>, respectively. It displays seasonal variations in dissolved and specific phase metal fractions that are not statistically significant at any of the seven sites. Proceeding further, the water quality index showed that the four samples fall in the poor water quality class, whereas the rest, 3 samples, were of good water quality. The surface water is contaminated and negatively affected due to percolation of ions from landfill leachate as per the data of C-WQI. Based on ARAS and WASPAS, Q-(1) and Q-(2) were mainly not fit for consumption. Meanwhile, the SHAP-WQI showed an increase in the number of samples (71.43%) with unsuitable quality for drinking. This emphasizes on the importance of weathering, dissolution, terrigenous, leaching, ion exchange, lithological and evaporation as the primary processes. Human influences were the secondary factors. Overall, the findings indicate that the study area's surface water is safe to drink, w","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of CaO-Fe₃O₄ composites for photocatalytic degradation and adsorption of synthetic dyes","authors":"Odín Reyes-Vallejo,&nbsp;Rocío Magdalena Sánchez-Albores,&nbsp;José Escorcia-García,&nbsp;Abumale Cruz-Salomón,&nbsp;Pascual Bartolo-Pérez,&nbsp;Ashok Adhikari,&nbsp;Maritza del Carmen Hernández-Cruz,&nbsp;Héctor Hiram Torres-Ventura,&nbsp;Héctor Armando Esquinca-Avilés","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36310-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11356-025-36310-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The efficient removal of synthetic dyes, such as methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG), continues to pose a significant challenge due to their high stability, toxicity, and resistance to conventional treatment methods. In this study, CaO-Fe₃O₄ compounds were synthesized using a sustainable ball-milling technique, utilizing calcium oxide derived from eggshells and Fe₃O₄. The compounds were calcined at temperatures ranging from 200 to 800 °C to optimize their structural and photocatalytic properties. The sample calcined at 400 °C exhibited the highest surface area (17.86 m²/g), the narrowest bandgap (2.10 eV), and the coexistence of CaO, Ca(OH)₂, and γ-Fe₂O₃ phases, making it an ideal candidate for achieving high dye removal efficiency. Under visible light, this sample completely degraded MB at 10 ppm within 30 min, following pseudo-first-order kinetics with a rate constant (<i>k</i>ₐₚₚ) of 0.110 min⁻¹ and a half-life (<i>t</i>₁_/₂) of 6.30 min. At an MB concentration of 50 ppm, complete degradation was achieved in 90 min. Radical scavenging experiments indicated that superoxide radicals (·O₂⁻) played a key role in the degradation mechanism. For MG (100 ppm), the maximum adsorption capacity (<i>q</i>ₑ) was 1111.11 mg/g, fitting the Langmuir model (<i>R</i>² = 0.996) with an equilibrium constant (<i>K</i>_L) of 0.6822 L/mg, indicating a highly favorable process. The adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model (<i>R</i>² ≈ 0.999), suggesting chemisorption as the rate-limiting step. Thermodynamic parameters confirmed that MG adsorption was spontaneous and endothermic, with negative Gibbs free energy, positive enthalpy, and increased entropy. This study proposes an eco-friendly and efficient approach for dye removal, integrating waste valorization.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":"32 15","pages":"9901 - 9925"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-025-36310-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lethal and sublethal toxicity of ytterbium in rainbow trout juveniles","authors":"Joëlle Auclair,&nbsp;Eva Roubeau-Dumont,&nbsp;Chantale André,&nbsp;François Gagné","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36315-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11356-025-36315-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The heavy rare earth element ytterbium (Yb) is a critical element of technology finding its way into urban wastewaters from solid waste disposal sites. The purpose of this study was to investigate the lethal and sublethal toxicity of Yb to rainbow trout juveniles. They were exposed to increasing concentrations of Yb³⁺ (0.06–40 mg/L) for 96 h at 15 °C. Mortality was recorded, and in the surviving fish, the following biomarkers were determined: protein aggregation, thioneins, lipid peroxidation (LPO), and DNA damage in gills and the liver. The 96-h lethal concentration (LC50) was 2.7 ± 0.66 mg/L indicating that this element is toxic to fish. Biomarker responses to Yb occurred at concentration 45 times less than the LC50 in some cases. The following biomarkers were positively (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) correlated to fish survival: liver thioneins, gill DNA strand breaks, LPO, and protein aggregation in the liver. The decrease in LPO in the liver and gills by Yb suggests reduced production of reactive oxygen species production. In conclusion, Yb is toxic to trout juveniles producing sublethal effects at concentrations range of 60 µg/L after 96 h. This concentration represents an upper limit for consideration for aquatic animal health.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":"32 15","pages":"9966 - 9974"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-025-36315-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocimum tenuiflorum leaf-mediated graphitic carbon nitride and ZnO/GCN nanohybrid: a sustainable approach for environmental applications","authors":"Priyanka Panchal,&nbsp;Protima Rauwel,&nbsp;Sandeep Sharma,&nbsp;Satya Pal Nehra,&nbsp;Elias Estephan,&nbsp;Kristi Praakle,&nbsp;Erwan Rauwel","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36299-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11356-025-36299-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water contamination is a real concern, and safe water demand increases with the growing world population. The development of eco-friendly and cost-effective technologies that can clean water is necessary. This study investigates the bio-synthesis of pure graphitic carbon nitride nanoparticles (GCN-NPs), zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), and ZnO-doped graphitic carbon nitride nanohybrids (ZnO/GCN-NHs) using <i>Ocimum tenuiflorum</i> (OT) leaf extract, with a focus on their potential applications in wastewater treatment, cytotoxicity assessment, and antibacterial activity. GCN synthesis using plant extract was never reported in previous studies. Under direct solar light photocatalytic performance of the synthesized NPs and NHs was tested on the degradation of methylene orange (MO) dye and compared. Among the samples, the ZnO/GCN-NHs (10 mg/100 mL) exhibits good photocatalytic activity, achieving up to 47.56% degradation in 150 min of MO dye. The cytotoxicity of the bio-synthesized NPs and NHs 50 µg/mL concentration was assessed against human dental pulp stem cells and these were found to be non-toxic, indicating their potential for biomedical applications. The antimicrobial properties were also assessed using well diffusion and disc diffusion tests against four bacterial strains, i.e., two Gram-negative (<i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>) and two Gram-positive (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</i>). The tests demonstrate significant antibacterial activity with an excellent inhibition radius against <i>Escherichia coli</i> 17.5 ± 1 mm, <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i> 15.04 ± 1 mm, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> 27.5 ± 1 mm, and <i>Streptococcus dysgalactiae</i> 25 ± 1 mm. The enhanced photocatalytic and antimicrobial properties of the ZnO/GCN-NHs are hypothesized to be due to the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the combination of ZnO-NPs with biosynthesized GCN.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":"32 15","pages":"9945 - 9965"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143750586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmaceuticals and radiopharmaceuticals in wastewater treatment plants: insights from an Arabian Peninsula nation","authors":"Ali Alfarsi,&nbsp;Anupama Kumar,&nbsp;Abbasher M. Gismelseed,&nbsp;Ahlam Al Azkawi,&nbsp;Marwa Al Mahdouri,&nbsp;Fadhila N. Al Mabsali,&nbsp;Sathish Babu,&nbsp;Yaqoob Al Harthy,&nbsp;Muna Al Hosni,&nbsp;Dayanthi Nugegoda","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36287-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11356-025-36287-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growing introduction of pharmaceutical compounds into waterways is a contemporary environmental issue in the Middle East and North Africa. This escalating problem necessitates a careful examination of the risks associated with the presence of pharmaceuticals in water sources. The present study analysed samples from eight wastewater treatment plants in an Arabian Peninsula nation. Sixty-nine percent of pharmaceuticals were partially or fully removed, while 31% showed higher effluent concentrations, indicating potential accumulation post-treatment. The highest detected pharmaceuticals were paracetamol (1300 ± 8 ng/L), metformin (1100 ± 70 ng/L) in effluent, and mefenamic acid (630 ± 3 ng/L), captopril (560 ± 11 ng/L), and amitriptyline (510 ± 1 ng/L) in influents. For radiopharmaceuticals, influent activity exceeded that in effluents, with Ga-67 being the most prominent (influent, 0.28 ± 0.07 Bq/L; effluent, 0.22 ± 0.02 Bq/L). Sludge samples showed higher radioactivity levels than wastewater samples, primarily from I-131 at 5 ± 2 Bq/kg. The data obtained from this study will enable the assessment of potential hazards posed by pharmaceutical mixtures in the receiving environment in a hitherto less studied region.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":"32 15","pages":"9844 - 9871"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11356-025-36287-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of PFAS in sugarbushes across the Ceded Territories: a method for PFAS analysis in maple sap and syrup","authors":"Eve Milusich,&nbsp;Emily Cornelius Ruhs,&nbsp;Jonathan Gilbert,&nbsp;Jessica Hua,&nbsp;Gavin Dehnert","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36308-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11356-025-36308-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) pose significant health and environmental risks due to their persistence and potential for bioaccumulation. Using a new analytical method, we quantified PFAS in maple sap and syrup from Indigenous lands in the Ceded Territories, a largely under-surveyed area. Our investigation focuses on maple products due to their cultural significance to Ojibwe communities, and economic importance as harvestable resources. We detected two PFAS (PFBA and PFPeA) in maple sap, and ten PFAS (8:2 FTSA, N-EtFOSE, N-MeFOSE, PFBA, PFBS, PFDoA, PFHxA, PFOA, PFPeA, and PFTeDA) in maple syrup at low concentrations that do not presently pose an immediate health risk for human consumption in this area. This study is the first to detect PFAS in both maple sap and syrup, demonstrating the efficacy of an adapted analytical method with low detection limits (&gt; 1 ng/L) for a broad range of PFAS compounds. This method represents a novel application of established techniques to test previously unstudied matrices. Indigenous herbalists encourage paying close attention to plants, as they offer valuable insight into environmental well-being, including the presence of contamination. Given that maple sap and syrup reflect environmental contamination from various sources including rainwater, groundwater, porous water, and soil, we propose that maple trees can be used as a biomonitoring system for PFAS across a forested area. This tribally driven approach can help assess ecosystem health and evaluate potential human health risk associated with PFAS contamination in maple products.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":"32 15","pages":"10007 - 10018"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly efficient phosphate extraction from water using bio-composites of nano zero valent iron supported on orange peel powder (nZVI@OPP): performance evaluation and mechanistic insights","authors":"Fahad Nadeem,&nbsp;Muhammad Ali Inam,&nbsp;Rashid Iftikhar,&nbsp;Safi Ullah Gill,&nbsp;Hira Amjad","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36311-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11356-025-36311-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent times, nZVI composites have been developed as environmentally friendly adsorbents to tackle the issue of eutrophication in freshwater bodies. Herein, we synthesized nano zero valent iron loaded orange peel powder (nZVI@OPP) in different proportions (1:1, 1:3, 1:5, and 1:10) and investigated its PO₄³⁻ elimination potential from water. Among them, nZVI@OPP (1:5) composite presented excellent PO₄³⁻ removal performance (93.3%) comparable to that of 1:1 (100.0%) and 1:3 (98.9%), and therefore was selected for further analysis. The physicochemical properties of nZVI@OPP (1:5) also showed porous and irregular surface with more available sorption sites and reactive functional groups than planar and crystal surface of raw OPP, as revealed by SEM–EDX, XRD, FT-IR, and elemental mapping. The optimum conditions (nZVI@OPP (1:5) dosage: 2 g/L, contact time: 60 min, pH: 7, initial PO₄³⁻ concentration: 10 mg/L, and temperature: 298 K) indicated 93.3% PO₄³⁻ removal from simulated water samples. Based on higher <i>R</i>² values, PSO kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models showed better fitting with PO₄³⁻ sorption data. Moreover, various coexisting anions posed a negative impact on PO₄³⁻ removal in the given order: NO₃⁻ &lt; SO₄² &lt; Cl⁻ &lt; mixed anions, while no significant impact of thermal variations on PO₄³⁻ removal was observed. The spent nZVI@OPP (1:5) also showed reasonable reusability potential when removing PO₄³⁻ from aqueous solution. The dominant PO₄³⁻ removal mechanisms including physisorption, chemisorption, ligand exchange, and complexation reactions were identified. In general, the current study provides new insights into the importance of selecting appropriate mixing proportion of nZVI and OPP, with the potential of extracting maximum PO₄³⁻ content from water considering economic and waste management perspective.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":"32 15","pages":"9809 - 9825"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143742002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of new zinc silver phosphate and cellulose derived from cigarette butt–based photocatalysts for dye degradation","authors":"Halima El Harakati,&nbsp;Meryem Moutataouia,&nbsp;Ahmed Amine Arajli,&nbsp;Nihad Chakri,&nbsp;Miloudi Hlaibi,&nbsp;Nourddine Kamil","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36323-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11356-025-36323-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study explores the synthesis and characterization of silver zinc phosphate (AgZnPO₄) and its nanocomposite with cellulose fibers (CF) extracted from cigarette butts for photocatalytic applications. The materials were synthesized using the coprecipitation method. Characterization techniques including XRD, SEM–EDX, FTIR, and UV–Vis spectroscopy confirmed the successful formation of the desired compounds. The photocatalytic effect of AgZnPO₄ was examined by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO) under UV irradiation. The AgZnPO₄ photocatalyst demonstrated a degradation efficiency of 99.8% for MO compared to only 67.31% for MB after 107 min of UV exposure. Notably, the AgZnPO₄/CF50% wt nanocomposite exhibited superior performance, achieving degradation efficiency of 98% for MB within 47 min of UV exposure, a 50% improvement over pure AgZnPO₄. The kinetic studies revealed that the degradation processes followed pseudo-second-order kinetics. The incorporation of CF notably improved the photocatalytic efficiency and reduced the required UV exposure time from 107 to only 47 min. This research demonstrates the potential of cellulose-based nanocomposites in enhancing the photocatalytic activity of metal phosphates for environmental remediation applications, offering both improved performance and energy efficiency.\u0000</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":"32 15","pages":"9826 - 9843"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isotherm, kinetic, thermodynamic, and reusability studies of oil palm EFB-derived activated carbon for leachate treatment","authors":"Ya Mohammad Nazir Syah Ismail,&nbsp;Norzita Ngadi,&nbsp;Nurul Balqis Mohamed","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36282-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11356-025-36282-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Municipal solid waste (MSW) leachate poses significant environmental challenges due to its high concentrations of organic and inorganic pollutants. This study investigates the adsorption efficiency of activated carbon derived from oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFBAC) for landfill leachate treatment. EFBAC was synthesized via physical activation, involving carbonization at 450 °C and activation at 800 °C under limited air conditions. Batch adsorption experiments evaluated the effects of contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH, and temperature on the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammoniacal nitrogen (AN), and color. Optimal conditions achieved maximum removal efficiencies of 72.1% for COD, 57.5% for AN, and 69.0% for color. Isotherm analysis identified the Sips, Dubinin-Radushkevich, and Koble-Corrigan models as the best fits for COD, AN, and color, respectively. Kinetic studies indicated a pseudo-second-order mechanism, highlighting chemisorption as the rate-limiting step, while thermodynamic evaluation confirmed the process as spontaneous and endothermic. Although adsorption performance declined after the first reuse cycle, EFBAC demonstrated significant potential as a cost-effective and sustainable adsorbent for leachate treatment. These findings contribute to the circular economy by valorizing agricultural waste and align with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) for responsible production and climate action.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":"32 15","pages":"9759 - 9774"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143735589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the suitability of activated carbon with a modified surface for the adsorptive removal of radionuclide ions from aqueous solutions","authors":"Agata Oszczak-Nowińska,&nbsp;Leon Fuks,&nbsp;Joanna Fronczyk,&nbsp;Andrzej Świątkowski","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36302-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11356-025-36302-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Commercial granular activated carbon, commonly applied in water purification, was used in this work for the adsorptive removal of radioactive metal ions. Relatively cheap methods were used to modify the commercial activated carbon: soluble components of ash were removed from part of it by washing with hot distilled water and another part was subjected to surface oxidation with 30% hydrogen peroxide. The carbon samples were characterized using different techniques. The specific surface area and micro-/mesopore volumes for the samples were calculated on the basis of determined nitrogen adsorption isotherms, and the chemical nature of the surface of the activated carbon samples was also studied. All three samples were used to study the sorption of radioactive metal ions of Cs(I), Sr(II), Co(II) and Am(III). These metal ions have been selected for testing as potential reactive water contaminants that may appear in water as a result of a nuclear power plant accident (Tan et al. 2024). The adsorption process has been identified and studied under different conditions and found to be dependent on solution pH as well as adsorbent mass. The sorption capacity of the activated carbon samples was determined as removal efficiency (<i>R</i>) and distribution coefficients (<i>K</i>_d). On the basis of the results obtained, the modification process of the activated carbon had a slight influence on its adsorption efficiency towards the radioactive metals.\u0000</p></div>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":"32 15","pages":"9775 - 9784"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}