{"title":"A review of groundwater vulnerability assessment to nitrate pollution in the Mediterranean region.","authors":"Amina Richa, Meriem Fizir, Sami Touil","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36694-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36694-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of groundwater vulnerability , involving the identification of areas susceptible to contamination from surface sources, plays a crucial role in decision-making for land use monitoring and groundwater management. This study evaluates vulnerability assessment methods across eight Mediterranean countries, revealing key methodological insights. In Algeria, the DRASTIC model outperformed GOD (R<sup>2</sup> up to 0.71), with modifications achieving R<sup>2</sup> = 0.829, while the PI method's incorporation of topographic and soil parameters enhanced accuracy. Moroccan studies demonstrated that integrating land use (DRASTIC-LU) significantly altered vulnerability classifications, with machine learning achieving a nitrate correlation of 0.6645. Tunisian aquifers showed strong DRASTIC performance (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.76), further improved by the Specific Vertical Vulnerability (SI) method (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.73). Italy's adapted SINTACS method reached R<sup>2</sup> = 0.47, underscoring the importance of aquifer-specific adjustments. Spain's LU-IV method, incorporating crop-specific nitrogen surpluses, proved more reliable than conventional approaches. Greece's modified DRASTIC, replacing qualitative with quantitative parameters and land use integration, boosted correlations from r = 0.293 to r = 0.696. In Turkey, SINTACS validated 95% of nitrate observations, while calibrated DRASTIC improved correlations from 0.280 to 0.485. Egyptian assessments identified 62% of areas as medium-to-high risk. Three critical findings emerge: (1) Modelcustomization consistently enhances accuracy; (2) Hybrid approachesoutperform standalone models; and (3) Regional variability necessitates context-specific adaptations. The review advocates for integrated assessments combining hydrogeological factors, anthropogenic influences, and advanced modeling to guide targeted groundwater management. These insights are urgent for the Mediterranean, where climate change and intensive land use exacerbate nitrate contamination risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Omari Chaligava, Inga Zinicovscaia, Nikita Yushin, Konstantin Vergel, Dmitrii Grozdov
{"title":"Tracking environmental changes in atmospheric deposition in Moscow region with mosses as biomonitors: from pre-pandemic to post-pandemic periods.","authors":"Omari Chaligava, Inga Zinicovscaia, Nikita Yushin, Konstantin Vergel, Dmitrii Grozdov","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36707-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36707-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound negative impact on human health and economies worldwide. To assess whether mosses can effectively detect short-term changes in air pollution levels, the results of moss survey from pre-pandemic (2019) period were compared with those from pandemic (2020) and post-pandemic (2021) periods. The content of potentially toxic elements, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, in the moss samples collected in the Moscow region was determined using atomic absorption spectroscopy (in 2019 and 2020) and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (in 2021). The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed significant differences in Cd, Cu, and Pb content in moss samples collected during different periods, while the content of Cr, Ni, and Fe showed no notable changes. The correlation and principal component analyses were applied to identify association between elements and link them with sampling sites and potential emission sources. Our findings suggest that COVID-19-related changes influenced the variations in the content of potentially toxic elements in moss samples collected in the Moscow region.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Babak Darabighane, Ali Mahdavi, Sina Mahbubrabani, Emad Changizi
{"title":"Frass from black soldier fly larvae as a sustainable by-product feed: in vitro evaluation and nutritional clustering for environmentally-friendly ruminant diets.","authors":"Babak Darabighane, Ali Mahdavi, Sina Mahbubrabani, Emad Changizi","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36636-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36636-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess the chemical composition, in vitro gas production, dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) degradability, and multivariate classification (hierarchical cluster and principal component analysis, PCA) of frass, barley, corn, soybean meal, and alfalfa hay. Chemical analysis indicated that frass had the lowest DM content, while its CP concentration was higher than that of barley, corn, and alfalfa hay but lower than that of soybean meal. The ether extract content of frass was comparable to barley but lower than corn and soybean meal. Neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) levels in frass were intermediate relative to other feeds. Gas production analysis showed that the asymptotic gas production (B) of frass was comparable to that of corn, whereas fractional rate constant of gas production (c) was the lowest, differing significantly only from barley. Energy-related parameters, including metabolizable energy (ME), organic matter digestibility (OMD), and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), were highest in corn, with frass exhibiting higher values than alfalfa hay. DM degradability analysis revealed that frass had the highest soluble and very rapidly degradable fraction (a) and a lower insoluble but potentially fermentable fraction (b) compared to other feeds. CP degradability exhibited a similar pattern. Cluster analysis classified frass as an independent group, while PCA (explaining 67.9% of the variability) positioned it closer to alfalfa hay, primarily due to similarities in fiber and mineral composition. These findings suggest that frass, produced from BSFL reared on a Gainesville diet, represents a promising alternative feedstuff for ruminants. However, further in vitro and in vivo studies are required to evaluate its nutritional potential under varying dietary conditions and its impact on ruminant performance.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Raheeba Akbar, Haq Nawaz Bhatti, Muhammad Zahid, Muhammad Yasin Naz
{"title":"Synthesis and optimization of silver-modified BiOCl/CuBi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> heterostructure composite as an efficient visible light photocatalyst against reactive green 5 and turquoise blue dyes.","authors":"Raheeba Akbar, Haq Nawaz Bhatti, Muhammad Zahid, Muhammad Yasin Naz","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36698-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36698-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reactive green 5 (RG 5) and turquoise blue (TB), widely used dyes, pose significant risks to water sources and human health, underscoring the need for effective removal techniques. A more environmentally sustainable approach is heterogeneous photocatalysis, which utilizes semiconductors. However, enhancing the efficacy of photocatalysts remains a challenge. This research aims to develop a potential Bismuth oxychloride (BOC) heterojunction with copper bismuth oxide (CBO) through a hydrothermal method, followed by treatment with silver décor (Ag@BOC/CBO) to enhance its properties for the environmental remediation of RG 5 and TB dyes. The synthesized composites were analyzed using DLS, UV-visible spectroscopy, SEM/EDX, FT-IR, XRD, AAS, and PL techniques. The results indicated that the Ag@BOC/CBO has a z-average of 140 ± 5 nm, a band gap of 2.5 eV, a hierarchical morphology, and tetragonal structures. The Ag@BOC/CBO composite achieved a 5.4% improvement in RG 5 degradation efficacy (98.4%) at pH = 4, with a catalyst concentration of 20 mg/L, dye concentration, and contact exposure of 20 mg L<sup>-1</sup> for 60 min, and a 6.5% increase for TB (99.3%) at pH = 5, with a catalyst concentration of 20 mg L<sup>-1</sup>, dye concentration, and contact exposure of 20 mg L<sup>-1</sup> for 60 min. The effective breakdown of dyes into non-toxic substances was confirmed through FT-IR analysis. Kinetic investigations revealed that the Behnajady-Modirshahla-Ghanbery (BMG) model effectively fits the experimental data. The Ag@BOC/CBO demonstrated strong recyclability after five cycles of RG 5 and TB dye degradation while also exhibiting effective broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus, emphasizing its potential as a photocatalytic material for the oxidation of organic contaminants in water to enhance environmental protection.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Birds' plight: Compromised cell-mediated immunity in response to ambient light pollution in redheaded buntings.","authors":"Abhishek Kumar, Khushboo Chaturvedi, Vaibhav Vaish, Sanjay Kumar Bhardwaj, Shalie Malik, Sangeeta Rani","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36609-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36609-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Increased exposure to artificial light at night (ALAN) has changed the scenario for natural day length over time. The impact of ALAN has been studied on reproduction, sleep, metabolism, and behavior in many species. ALAN's impact on birds' immune response is still sparsely studied. We studied the cell-mediated immunity, hematology, and reproductive phenology in redheaded bunting under short days (SD, 8L:16D), long days (LD) (LAN -, 13L:11D), and LD with ALAN (LAN +, 13L:11D<sub>LAN</sub>) illuminated with ~ 2 lx of night light. Corticosterone levels, testicular volume, heterophil count, and H/L ratio increased significantly in the LAN + group. Cell-mediated immune response (phytohemagglutinin-L challenge), total leucocyte, and lymphocyte count were significantly suppressed in the LAN + as well as LAN - group relative to the SD group of birds. ALAN treatment did not affect the total erythrocyte count, hemoglobin level, surface body temperature, and hematocrit level. Basophil, eosinophil, and monocyte count, as well as body mass and blood glucose levels, did not show any significant difference among any groups. These results suggest that ALAN exposure compromised the adaptive immune system, increased stress levels, and exaggerated the reproductive response in migratory passerine finches.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144551616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of a holistic approach for river health assessment: from bioindicators to the ecosystem.","authors":"Isabella Calattini, Tommaso Campani, Claudio Leonzio, Dario Giani, Stefania Ancora, Tiberio Fiaschi, Pietro Centorrino, Letizia Marsili, Maria Cristina Fossi, Claudia Angiolini, Silvia Casini","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36696-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36696-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Freshwater ecosystems are crucial for biodiversity conservation, pollution mitigation and climate regulation. However, anthropogenic pressures, including agricultural and industrial activities and urbanisation, degrade water quality and ecological status. This study assessed the health of the Elsa River, a tributary of the Arno in Tuscany (Italy), through an integrated and holistic methodology combining chemical, ecological and ecotoxicological parameters. Water quality (nitrate, phosphate, ammonium concentrations and pH) was assessed through a citizen science project. This initiative actively involved local communities and high schools, fostering the sharing of local knowledge to identify sampling sites and address territorial challenges. Ecological status was assessed using the Extended Biotic Index (EBI) and Fluvial Functionality Index (FFI). Italian chubs (Squalius squalus) were employed as bioindicators to investigate microplastic ingestion, contaminant levels (heavy metals, organochlorines) and a battery of biomarkers for evaluating genotoxic, neurotoxic effects, oxidative stress, metabolic stress and the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolites. The results showed a progressive decline in water quality and ecological status from upstream to downstream, particularly after the urbanised area and the river park, where microplastic ingestion in fish peaked at 2.5 items/individual. A genotoxic effect was highlighted, significantly correlated with the presence of mercury, polychlorinated biphenyls and benzo(a)pyrene's metabolites. This holistic approach, integrating physico-chemical analysis, ecological assessments and ecotoxicological effects on biota, provided a comprehensive understanding of the river's health. It enabled the identification of contaminants and hypothesised their sources, like illegal urban waste disposal, vehicular traffic and polluted tributaries.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144551617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Statistical analysis and uncertainty risk assessment of large-scale fatal gas explosions based on Chinese coal mine accidents.","authors":"Wei Zhang, Deming Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36703-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36703-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Large-scale fatal gas explosions (LSFGEs) are primary accidents in coalmines owing to complicated formation and coupling paths of the causative factors. Therefore, space-time distributions of 282 LSFGEs from 2000 to 2022 in Chinese coalmines were analyzed. A cause-chain inference model of gas explosion was proposed using the Delphi method and Bayesian network (BN). The results showed that working-excavating faces and winter were the main sites and seasons of gas explosions respectively, accounting for 67% and 32.3%. These statistics suggested the ignition sources of 14.5% of LSFGEs were fuzzy, including coal spontaneous combustion and friction sparks. Moreover, instantaneous gas overruns were attributed to periodic roof caving and coal-rock dynamic disasters, accounting for 11.0%. The change in roof pressures and concealment of the enclosed areas were key risk factors of a gas explosion. A comprehensive analysis of cause-chains with expert knowledge and probabilistic inference reduced the epistemic uncertainty of fuzzy causes. The sensitivity analysis highlighted electric sparks and the absence of wind or breeze as the primary causes of gas explosion accidents and its percentage of exceeded 20%. This study aimed to elucidate key causative factors and their interrelationships in gas explosions, providing valuable guidance for daily risk management and accident investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shahad K Jawad, Khalid T Rashid, Manal Afham Toma, Adnan A AbdulRazak, Alaa Dhari Jawad Al-Bayati, Zaidoon M Shakor, Aqeel S A Aljadiri, Qusay F Alsalhy, Mohammed Ahmed Shehab
{"title":"Fabrication, characterization, and modification of a novel polyethersulfone (PES) mix matrix membrane via BiFeO3 as a hydrophilic additive to improve permeability and antifouling features.","authors":"Shahad K Jawad, Khalid T Rashid, Manal Afham Toma, Adnan A AbdulRazak, Alaa Dhari Jawad Al-Bayati, Zaidoon M Shakor, Aqeel S A Aljadiri, Qusay F Alsalhy, Mohammed Ahmed Shehab","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36711-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36711-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the present study, the synthesis of a novel polyethersulfone (PES/BiFeO3NPs) ultrafiltration membrane was achieved through a phase inversion method. For the first time, different concentrations of BiFeO3NPs were added to the casting solution in order to better understand how they affect the properties and performance of modified PES membranes: weight percents of 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4. The neat and modified PES membranes were characterized comprehensively via field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), porosity, and contact angle (CA) techniques. The modified membranes demonstrated a substantially higher level of purified water flow and a high rejection of MB dye and BSA solutions when compared to the pristine PES membrane, in addition to increasing the membrane fouling resistance. An increase of about 65% over the bare PES membrane (20.2 kg/h.m<sup>2</sup>) was seen in the pure water flux, which reached a peak of 52.5 kg/h.m<sup>2</sup> at a BiFeO<sub>3</sub> concentration of 0.3 wt.% in the casting solution. The PES/BiFeO<sub>3</sub> membranes outperformed the neat PES in MB dye and BSA removal by a margin of over 99%. The membrane with the highest antifouling capability was the 0.3 wt.% BiFeO<sub>3</sub> (SM3) membrane, as determined by the fouling resistance of the membranes examined using methylene blue dye (MB) solution filtration. The results of this study indicate that BiFeO<sub>3</sub> is a promising nanoadditive with great potential for use in the production of UF membranes for wastewater treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144551618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on the dynamic damage characteristics and numerical simulation of low-temperature frost-expanded rocks under impact loading.","authors":"Caixian Chen, Shuai Cao","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36691-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36691-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this paper, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the dynamic properties of the rock under the low-temperature freezing-expansion-impact coupling effect and the optimization of the blasting parameters of the high-altitude open terrace blasting, to investigate the dynamic strength characteristics of the low-temperature freezing-expansion rock at different depths of burial at different low temperatures, and to lay the foundation for the subsequent research. The Hopkinson compression rod simulation experiment and wave velocity test device are used to study the development of internal cracks and dynamic properties of the rock; LS-DYNA numerical simulation software is used to simulate the Hopkinson compression rod test of the rock, to study the crack expansion and stress wave propagation law of the rock under the impact load, and to make a comprehensive comparison of the damage pattern of the rock in the indoor test and numerical simulation; LS-DYNA numerical simulation software is used to set up a two-dimensional blasting software, to establish a two-dimensional blasting strength and optimization of blasting parameters in the high-altitude open terrace blasting. Using LS-DYNA numerical simulation software, a two-dimensional blasting model is established to study the parameters of the hole network applicable to the Jurong Copper Industry in Tibet. A three-dimensional step blasting model was established to investigate the crack expansion pattern of step blasting and the feasibility of the selected hole network parameters. The results show that the dynamic strength of the rock is the highest in - 20 ℃ environment and the lowest in - 10 ℃ environment; the numerical simulation results are similar to the indoor test results, which can better simulate the dynamic damage characteristics of the rock. The results of the study can provide a reference for the subsequent blasting and mining of the mine.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144558717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guoxin Lan, Zhuangzhuang Hou, Yan Wu, Bin Yan, Chuan Fu, Yi Jiang, Xiang Wang, Qiushi Zheng
{"title":"Quantitative assessment of the carbon dioxide absorption capacity of vegetation in China, 2000-2020.","authors":"Guoxin Lan, Zhuangzhuang Hou, Yan Wu, Bin Yan, Chuan Fu, Yi Jiang, Xiang Wang, Qiushi Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36692-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36692-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CO<sub>2</sub> is the main cause of the dramatic increase in greenhouse gases, posing a serious threat to human systems and ecosystems. Most existing studies focus on estimating carbon emissions and carbon sequestration, and there are relatively few studies on the quantitative analysis of CO<sub>2</sub> uptake by vegetation. Therefore, this paper constructed a Carbon Uptake Index (CUI) model based on the carbon estimation model and the Vegetation Carbon sequestration (VCs) model. It was used to estimate the distributional characteristics of carbon absorption in China from 2000 to 2020. Then, the inter-annual variation and spatial aggregation characteristics of carbon absorption were analyzed using linear regression models and spatial autocorrelation, respectively. The results show that from 2000 to 2020, China's carbon uptake as a whole is in an absorptive state, with significant spatial correlation. Inter-annual variability shows an overall decreasing trend, dominated by a slight decreasing trend. The spatial characteristics of carbon absorption are mainly aggregated, with low-low aggregation in the western part of China and high-high aggregation in the southern part. The results of this paper will provide a reasonable reference for China to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144537666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}