Environmental Science and Pollution Research最新文献

{"title":"Degradation of metronidazole by heat-activated persulfate: mechanism, water matrix, ecotoxicity removal, and energy-efficiency analysis.","authors":"Himani Arora, Atul Patel, Jemi Gandhi, Athul Krishna Makkoottathil, Halan Prakash","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36984-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36984-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metronidazole (MTZ), an extensively used antibiotic and antiparasitic drug for treating infections, has been reported as a hazardous micropollutant that has detrimental ecotoxic effects on aquatic species and the environment. Therefore, effective treatment to remove hazardous MTZ from water is needed. Sulfate radical anion-based advanced oxidation processes (S-AOPs) are promising water treatment techniques for the degradation of organic pollutants. Hence, we aimed to study the ability of heat-activated persulfate (HA/PS)-based S-AOP for the degradation and detoxification of MTZ. The pseudo-first-order rate constant value for the degradation of MTZ by HA/PS was calculated to be 0.059 min^-1 in reverse osmosis (RO) water, achieving 99.2% of MTZ within 80 min under optimum conditions. As the initial concentration of MTZ was increased (60-2000 µg/L), the degradation efficiency decreased, whereas with an increase in initial PS (0.1 to 0.8 mM) concentration, the degradation efficiency increased. The thermal activation energy was determined to be 134.47 kJ·mol^-1. The HA/PS system was effective in the wide pH range (2.5 to 10.5). The <math><msubsup><mi>SO</mi> <mn>4</mn> <mrow><mo>∙</mo> <mo>-</mo></mrow> </msubsup> </math> and <math> <msup><mrow><mi>HO</mi></mrow> <mo>∙</mo></msup> </math> were attributed to the degradation of MTZ with <math><msubsup><mi>SO</mi> <mn>4</mn> <mrow><mo>∙</mo> <mo>-</mo></mrow> </msubsup> </math> as a prominent reactive species. Chloride and humic acid water constituents reduced the degradation efficiency by 48.66% and 28.75%, respectively, as compared to RO water. Further, density functional theory (DFT) identified the susceptible sites of MTZ for the radical attack. Degradation byproducts were analyzed by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and degradation pathways were presented. Importantly, more than 95% mineralization was observed in 240 min of treatment. ECOSAR analysis predicted MTZ as toxic, whereas the degradation byproducts were non-toxic. Electrical energy per order (EEO) and cost for the degradation of MTZ were determined to be 19.394 kWh/m³/order and $1.520/m³, respectively. Degradation of MTZ occurred in various water matrices, namely, tap water (TW) and wastewater (WW), revealing that the HA/PS system effectively removed MTZ micropollutant. Therefore, the HA/PS system is efficient, energy-saving, and cost-effective, and the study provides insight to augment the HA/PS system as an effective S-AOP for degradation and detoxification of hazardous organic micropollutants.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145172168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Industrial waste-derived biochar composites for the removal of water-borne 4-nitrophenol: assessing cost-effectiveness and sustainability.","authors":"Harsha S Rangappa, Phyu Phyu Mon, Baalamurugan Jayaraman, Giridhar Madras, Chuxia Lin, Subrahmanyam Challapalli","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36992-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36992-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Water pollution remains a critical environmental challenge, necessitating the development of cost-effective treatment methodologies. This study investigates sustainable alternatives to conventional adsorbents, focusing on the synthesis and application of Blast Furnace Slag (BFS)-supported biochar. The composite adsorbent was synthesized through pyrolysis of sewage sludge and wood sawdust combined with BFS for the removal of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). The composite adsorbents were characterized for their physical and chemical properties. Adsorption studies on 4-NP were performed under various operating conditions such as pollutant dosage, pH, and temperature. The composite demonstrated a maximum adsorption capacity of 12 mg/g at pH 6, using an adsorbent dose of 1.0 g/L, an initial 4-NP concentration of 20 mg/L, a contact time of 90 min, and a temperature of 25 °C. The adsorption process was evaluated using five linear isotherm models, with Langmuir fitting best and pseudo-second-order kinetics governing the mechanism. Economic analysis revealed that the production cost of 1 kg of adsorbent was 3.35 USD. Additionally, the sustainability of the adsorbent was assessed using the sustainability footprint methodology, along with a sustainability score-based approach to examine its impact on all 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The study findings support the use of industrial and residential waste materials as viable resources for producing cost-effective adsorbents to combat various water pollutants.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial analysis of groundwater potential zone using GIS and AHP: a case study of the Upper Ken Basin, Madhya Pradesh, India.","authors":"Kundan Parmar, Satheesh Chothodi","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36957-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36957-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Water deficiency has become a global issue, especially in India's hard rock regions where groundwater is depleting at alarming rates. Climate change and anthropogenic activities have intensified water scarcity and drought events. The Ken River Basin, with its humid subtropical climate and dry winters, faces significant groundwater management challenges requiring immediate attention. Groundwater modeling for distribution and potential mapping demands reliable methodologies to characterize aquifer systems across different geological settings. Multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), integrated with remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS), plays a pivotal role in exploring and conserving groundwater resources. This study used the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) for pairwise comparison matrix analysis to determine the relative importance of influencing factors. Parameters including geology, geomorphology, land use/land cover, lineament density, soil type, drainage density, slope, rainfall, topographic wetness index, roughness, topographic position index, and curvature were used to generate groundwater potential zone maps. Five potential zones were identified: very high (0.01%), high (7.45%), moderate (65.17%), low (26.98%), and very low (0.38%). Most regions fall under moderate potential, followed by low potential zones. This groundwater potential mapping provides crucial information for sustainable water resource management, agricultural planning, and rural development in the Ken River Basin. The findings support policymakers in implementing targeted conservation strategies and help communities optimize water usage. Priority should be given to artificial recharge in moderate to high potential zones, while water conservation measures should be intensified in low potential areas for long-term sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intra- and inter-urban variability in chemical characteristics of residential outdoor PM_2.5 in Indian metropolitan cities.","authors":"Prince Vijay, Harish C Phuleria","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36960-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36960-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Particulate matter (PM_2.5) and its detailed chemical characteristics have not been adequately explored in urban residential communities, and to our best knowledge, there are no such studies in India. This study examined the chemical constituents (carbonaceous components, trace elements, ions) of PM_2.5 at residential outdoor locations in three cities--Mumbai, Bangalore, and Delhi--during the winter period. The average ± (standard deviation) PM_2.5 levels were 131.3 ± (71.8) for Mumbai, 75.2 ± (33.4) for Bangalore, and 192.2 ± (75.5) µg/m³ for Delhi, with 75% of the days exceeding the NAAQS of India (60 μg/m³). Coefficient of divergence (COD) analysis showed significant heterogeneity between cities but not within cities. The major portion of the resolved mass constituted organic matter (39, 41, and 32%) followed by elemental carbon (13, 12, 11%), secondary ions (28, 21, and 22%), and sea salt (6, 12, and 18%) for Mumbai, Bangalore, and Delhi, respectively. Anthropogenic sources associated with industry, brake wear, vehicular exhausts, resuspended road dust, biomass and solid waste burning, and secondary photochemical processes are likely the important sources. The backward trajectories suggest long-range transport of pollutants from higher-polluted regions. Proximity-based correlations between ambient stations and homes underscored the influence of local outdoor sources on residential exposures. An accumulated carcinogenic (non-carcinogenic) risk of 7 × 10^-8 (2.2 × 10^-5) and 6.5 × 10^-8 (5.8 × 10^-6) was estimated for Bangalore and Delhi, respectively. These findings emphasize the need for localized air quality interventions and source-specific mitigation strategies to protect urban residential populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing urbanisation impacts on aquatic ecosystems: an analysis based on biological indicators.","authors":"Juan Pablo Zanotto Arpellino, Luciana Montalto, Mariano Donato","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36975-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36975-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urbanisation adversely affects aquatic organisms by changing environmental conditions and decreasing biodiversity, which favours pollution-tolerant species. The objectives were to define the spatio-temporal patterns of the Chironomidae species assemblage and characterise the aquatic habitats in relation to the dominant taxa and their physicochemical characteristics, and to determine the possible Chironomidae species assemblages as indicators of water quality using Chironomidae Pupal Exuviae Technique. Over a 2-year period, we collected pupal exuviae from urban and control streams, by analysing species attributes and corresponding habitat conditions. The findings revealed that urbanisation significantly reduced species richness and diversity in urban streams compared to reference sites. Pollution indicator species were identified, indicating that Chironomidae composition can be a reliable measure of water quality and environmental impacts in aquatic ecosystems. Urban streams showed elevated nutrient levels (P-PO₄ > 2 mg P.l^-1; N-NO₃ > 0.5 mg N.l^-1; N-NH₄ > 1.5 mg N.l^-1; DBO5 > 20 mg O₂.l^-1; DQO > 60 mg O₂.l^-1) and decreased vegetation cover (< 20%), negatively affecting diversity and favouring pollution-tolerant species like Chironomus calligraphus and Cricotopus sp.1. The findings underscore the importance of species-level identification for effective biomonitoring, with the Chironomidae Pupal Exuviae Technique demonstrating strong efficacy in assessing water quality. Future research should focus on refining species-level identification and advancing Chironomidae-based bioindicator approaches to better evaluate the health of urban aquatic ecosystems.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145147298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulated textile effluent treatment and biomass production through an integrated ozonation and microalgae process: optimization using response surface methodology.","authors":"Mairely Alfonso Almaguer, Yordanka Reyes Cruz, Roymel Rodríguez Carpio, Carolina Vieira Viêgas, Pedro Amin Alves, Donato Alexandre Gomes Aranda, Fabiana Valéria da Fonseca","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36972-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36972-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ozonation has proven highly effective for treating textile effluents, particularly for dye removal and enhancing biodegradability. However, due to the high costs associated with ozonation, it becomes more efficient when combined with biological processes such as microalgae cultivation. This study investigated an integrated ozonation and microalgae process using Chlorella sorokiniana to treat simulated textile effluent while producing biomass. The key factors considered in this integrated process were ozonation time (OT), microalgae aeration rate (MA), and the proportion of ozonated textile effluent (PE) in the microalgae culture medium. A central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were employed to assess the significance of factors, their interactions, and to identify the optimal conditions. The integrated approach effectively removed over 96% of ammoniacal nitrogen and 74% of color, with phosphorus removal rates ranging from 57 to 96%. Optimal conditions for maximizing biomass production while meeting environmental discharge standards were identified: 19.30 min for OT, 3 L·min⁻¹ for MA, and 100% for PE. Under these conditions, biomass productivity would achieve 3.18 × 10⁻² g·L⁻¹·day⁻¹, with color and phosphorus removal rates exceeding 94%.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145136021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comments on \"Bamboo ecosystem services in 25 years: a systematic literature review of trends, insights, and knowledge gaps\".","authors":"Kyoo-Man Ha","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36998-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36998-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of land use land cover changes and urban heat island dynamics of Mumbai, India.","authors":"Sridhar Balasundaram, Rahul Raj Singh, Mohammed Asim, Angela Tagi","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36969-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36969-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Urbanization serves as the predominant force driving changes in global land use and land cover (LULC), resulting in persistent or irreversible environmental degradation and climatic shifts. This study examines the impact of LULC in Mumbai on land surface temperature (LST) from 2003 to 2023 and the dynamics of urban heat islands (UHIs). Various indices such as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference water index (NDWI), and normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) were utilized to assess the spatial variability of LST across different land use/land cover classes. LULC classification was conducted using the random forest machine learning algorithm for the years 2003, 2013, and 2023. To fully understand the UHI effect, it is essential to consider an extended study area beyond the official administrative boundaries, particularly for rapidly growing cities like Mumbai that have expanded beyond these limits. The analysis revealed a consistent upward trend in LST over the study period: In 2003, LST ranged from 26.94 to 40.90 °C; by 2013, it increased to between 33.98 and 45.07 °C; and in 2023, it further rose to a range of 34.17 to 47.30 °C. This trend highlights the intensifying UHI effect associated with urban expansion and land cover changes. To accurately assess the influence of water bodies on UHI dynamics, a stack profile analysis was conducted. The findings revealed higher LST values outside the core city area, indicating the mitigating influence of water bodies on local temperature dynamics. This underscores the importance of conserving green and blue infrastructure to mitigate the adverse effects of urbanization on temperature regulation and climate resilience.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of nitrogen cycling in temperate winter soil under climate change.","authors":"Madhumita Sahoo, Domenico Baù, Steven F Thornton","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36932-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36932-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent years, the biogeochemical cycling of nitrogen (N) in soils under temperate climates during winter has received growing attention due to rising N emissions and the accumulation of N on the soil surface and in nearby water bodies. While the N cycle has traditionally been considered to slow during cold periods, recent studies show that freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs) can significantly reshape N dynamics by altering soil structure and stimulating microbial activity. This review synthesizes key abiotic drivers, such as soil moisture, temperature, and snow cover, along with anthropogenic influences that affect N transformations and transport in winter. We identified the key research gaps in the existing approaches and emphasized the need to incorporate winter N fluxes into annual N budgets to improve our understanding of terrestrial N cycling under climate change.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing anthropogenic microfiber pollution in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean: a large-scale study on spatial distribution, concentration, and physical characterization.","authors":"Rosana Di Mauro, Nadia Marina Alves, Julieta Rodriguez, Lucila Sobrero, Ignacio Luis Chiesa, Constanza Hozbor, Lucrecia Allega, Julieta Antacli, Marina Vera Díaz, Agustín Schiariti","doi":"10.1007/s11356-025-36964-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-025-36964-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study presents the first large-scale assessment of anthropogenic microfiber (AMF) pollution in surface waters (~ 5-m depth) of the Southwestern Atlantic Ocean (SWAO), covering an extensive area of approximately 1.2 million km², spanning coastal, shelf, and shelf-break regions, in a latitudinal range from 34°S to 56°S. A total of 102 water samples were collected during seven fisheries and environmental research cruises, targeting key fishing grounds and Marine Protected Areas. AMFs were found to be ubiquitous throughout the region, with the highest concentrations detected in estuarine zones adjacent to major urban centers. Remarkably, additional hotspots were identified in offshore and remote shelf-break areas, indicating the role of long-range transport and oceanographic retention processes in their accumulation. Evidence of environmental weathering-such as discoloration, fraying, and biofouling-was more prevalent at offshore sites, supporting the hypothesis of prolonged residence and dispersal within the marine environment. AMFs displayed considerable variability in shape, color, and size, with many exhibiting morphological traits typical of textile-derived materials. Given the potential ecological risks, this study highlights the importance of addressing AMF pollution in ecologically productive marine areas, where interactions with marine organisms are more likely.</p>","PeriodicalId":545,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Science and Pollution Research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145129860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}