{"title":"Effects of Socioeconomic Factors on Visual Outcome and Management of Wet Age-Related Macular Degeneration Patients.","authors":"Normila Barthelemy, Prashant Tailor, Jayanth Sridhar, Thilani Samarakoon, Jesse D Sengillo","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To analyze the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) outcomes and management.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis of 1449 patients diagnosed with nAMD, treated with anti-VEGF between January 2016-January 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lower income was associated with poorer baseline (p < .001) and final (p < .001) BCVA. Worse final visual acuity correlated with lower baseline BCVA (p < .001), lower income (p = .05) and older age (p < .001); insurance type did not (p = .558). Non-Hispanic/non-Latino patients exhibited a higher rate of delayed injections per scheduled visit than Hispanics (p =.002). Ethnicity correlated with insurance status (p = .008); Hispanic or Latino patients more often had Medicaid or commercial insurance; non-Hispanics/non-Latino patients more often had Medicare. Higher-income patients were more likely to receive aflibercept (p < .001) and faricimab (p =.021). Hispanic or Latino were more likely to receive bevacizumab (OR 2.49; p < .001), but insurance type modified this association (OR 3.42; p = .010).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower income correlated with worse nAMD visual outcomes, and the type of anti-VEGF treatment used varied across income and ethnicity groups, but not insurance type.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sidra Zafar, Ari August, Siying Lin, Luis Acaba-Berrocal, Flavius Beca, Theodore Bowe, Samir N Patel, Yoshihiro Yonekawa, James Vander, Omar A Mahroo, Pearse A Keane, Andrzej Fertala, Carlos Pavesio, Harryy Petrushkin, Tatyana Milman, Jose S Pulido
{"title":"Novel method of detection of birefringent ocular amyloidosis deposits using monochromatic wavelengths of scanning laser ophthalmoscopy.","authors":"Sidra Zafar, Ari August, Siying Lin, Luis Acaba-Berrocal, Flavius Beca, Theodore Bowe, Samir N Patel, Yoshihiro Yonekawa, James Vander, Omar A Mahroo, Pearse A Keane, Andrzej Fertala, Carlos Pavesio, Harryy Petrushkin, Tatyana Milman, Jose S Pulido","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004648","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004648","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe a noninvasive imaging technique for detection of ocular amyloidosis using ultrawide field (UWF) images.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a retrospective, case-control study of patients with familial transthyretin (TTR) amyloidosis seen at the Wills Eye Hospital, USA and Moorfields Eye Hospital, UK. Pseudocolor, 100% red and 100% green UWF fundus images of patients with familial TTR were reviewed and, sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve (AUC) for the pattern abnormalities noted on fundus images for amyloidosis were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 19 eyes of 10 patients with TTR amyloidosis were included. Vitreous floaters were the most common posterior segment manifestation present in 57.9% (N=11/19) eyes. The sensitivity and specificity for a hypointense or isointense pattern on 100% red and a hyperintense pattern on 100% green being amyloidosis was 57.9% (95% Cl: 33.5%-79.7%) and 100% (95% CI: 54.1%-100%) respectively. The AUC was 0.79 (95% CI: 0.68-0.90). Excluding the hypomorphic V122I mutation, the sensitivity and specificity for a hypointense or isointense pattern on 100% red and a hyperintense pattern on 100% green being amyloidosis was 64.7% (95% CI: 38.3%-85.8%) and 100% (54.1%-100%) respectively. The AUC was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.71-0.94). Histopathological analysis showed amyloid deposits were visible under green and blue filters but were not visible under the red filters.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The appearance of amyloid deposits can vary based on the type of scanning laser used. The methodology described here represents a novel and noninvasive approach to detect ocular amyloidosis with relatively high specificity.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CARBONIC ANHYDRASE INHIBITORS FOR MANAGING UVEITIC MACULAR EDEMA: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Tifanni Excelinda, Ikhwanuliman Putera, Asri Salima Ridwan, Rina La Distia Nora","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004646","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Uveitic macular edema (UME) is a leading cause of vision loss in uveitis. Although anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive agents remain the mainstay of UME treatment, their use is often limited by corticosteroid-related side effects and the high cost of immunosuppressive therapies. This review aims to summarize the current evidence on carbonic anhydrase inhibitors (CAIs) as a potential treatment option for UME.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Electronic searches were conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, Google Scholar, Sage Journals, EBSCOhost, and the Cochrane Library for interventional and observational studies evaluating CAIs in UME. Eligible studies reported outcomes including UME resolution, recurrence, central macular thickness change, visual acuity improvement, and adverse effects. Two reviewers independently screened and extracted data, and assessed study quality and risk of bias. Meta-analysis of proportions was performed using a random-effects model. This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024528004).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven studies with a total of 187 participants (236 eyes) were included. All investigated oral acetazolamide. The pooled proportion of visual acuity improvement was 53% (95% CI: 45-60%), and anatomical improvement was 55% (95% CI: 32-79%). Acetazolamide showed a 14% higher likelihood of improving visual acuity compared to placebo, though not statistically significant (RD: 0.14; 95% CI: -0.04 to 0.31; p = 0.12).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CAIs, particularly oral acetazolamide, offer a potential alternative for managing UME, especially for patients who are refractory to steroids or are steroid-responders.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Retinal Photoreceptors and Arterioles Alterations Detected using Adaptive Optics Scanning Laser Ophthalmoscopy in Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy.","authors":"Ting Su, Chunran Lai, Zijing Du, Jiahui Cao, Yaxin Wang, Shan Wang, Qinyi Li, Qiaowei Wu, Yijun Hu, Ying Fang, Xiayin Zhang, Honghua Yu","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004647","DOIUrl":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004647","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty subjects were recruited in the Guangdong Diabetic Retinopathy Multiple-omics Study (GD-RMOS). Adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy (AOSLO) was adopted for image acquisition. An AI-based algorithm conducted quantitative analyses of photoreceptor morphology, including cone density, spacing, and regularity. Vessel morphology (inner diameter, outer diameter, wall thickness, wall-to-lumen ratio [WLR]) was manually assessed. The arteriolar index ratio (AIR) was derived to assess arteriolar remodeling. Generalized estimating equation was utilized to compare the differences of inner diameter, outer diameter, wall thickness, WLR and the AIR among healthy control, DM and DR groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty patients, consisting of 9 healthy controls, 11 with DM, and 10 with DR, were evaluated (mean [SD] age, 66.33(7.02). A significant reduction in photoreceptor cell density in macular areas correlated with the presence of DM (P=0.033) and DR (P=0.006). Notably, a significant increase of the wall thickness was observed. These variations were pronounced in the arteriole segments of diabetic patients (P<0.001) and escalated with the presence of DR (P=0.018). Accounting for WLR, the DR group showed a significantly larger ratio comparing to control group (P=0.011). The AIR in small retinal arterioles differed significantly among DR (P<0.001), DM (P=0.024) and control groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>AOSLO imaging showed delineating retinal photoreceptor and arteriolar alterations throughout DR progression, potentially serving as a predictive measure for anatomical or functional retinal changes in DM and DR patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bradley S Gundlach, Adrian Au, Prithvi Ramtohul, Maria Vittoria Cicinelli, Alessandro Marchese, Diogo Cabral, Lee M Jampol, K Bailey Freund, David Sarraf
{"title":"Angular Sign of Henle Fiber Layer Hyperreflectivity (ASHH) in Contusion Maculopathy: A Multimodal Imaging Analysis.","authors":"Bradley S Gundlach, Adrian Au, Prithvi Ramtohul, Maria Vittoria Cicinelli, Alessandro Marchese, Diogo Cabral, Lee M Jampol, K Bailey Freund, David Sarraf","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004637","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To describe the multimodal imaging findings of the angular sign of Henle fiber layer (HFL) hyperreflectivity (ASHH) at baseline and follow-up in patients with contusion maculopathy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eleven eyes of ten patients were captured with multimodal imaging after non-penetrating ocular blunt trauma from a soccer ball, fist, or airsoft pellet. Baseline clinical and imaging characteristics and follow-up outcomes are presented.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Hyper-reflective lesions extending along the HFL from the ellipsoid zone (EZ) to the outer plexiform layer consistent with ASHH were identified with optical coherence tomography (OCT). Mean presenting visual acuity (VA) was logMAR 0.59 ± 0.64 (Snellen VA 20/77, range 20/25 to counting fingers) and follow-up visual acuity was logMAR 0.43 ± 0.35 (Snellen VA 20/53, range 20/20 to 20/200). Additional OCT findings included external limiting membrane attenuation and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) disruption. On follow-up, resolution of ASHH was accompanied by outer nuclear layer thinning with varying degrees of EZ attenuation and RPE loss. A macular hole was detected in one patient on follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ASHH is a distinctive acute OCT feature of contusion maculopathy secondary to blunt injury, causing disruption of the photoreceptors and presumably anterograde alterations in the HFL. Associated RPE alterations may ensue, either acutely or delayed, and are a biomarker of persistent structural abnormalities and variable visual outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Waiting for Publication Outputs: How Large Language Models Are Creating a New Style Guide.","authors":"Richard F Spaide","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004645","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004645","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144978905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alessandro Arrigo, Emanuela Aragona, Alessio Antropoli, Lorenzo Bianco, Andrea Saladino, Sebastiano Del Fabbro, Francesco Bandello, Maurizio Battaglia Parodi
{"title":"Age-related retinal pigment epithelium disease (ARPED): clinical and differential features.","authors":"Alessandro Arrigo, Emanuela Aragona, Alessio Antropoli, Lorenzo Bianco, Andrea Saladino, Sebastiano Del Fabbro, Francesco Bandello, Maurizio Battaglia Parodi","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>We described the clinical characteristics of age-related retinal pigment epithelium disease (ARPED). This looks like an age-related, retinal disease showing a primary retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) involvement, no typical age-related macular degeneration (AMD) features, and no pachychoroid-related characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was designed as observational, both cross-sectional and retrospective investigation. We collected data from patients affected by ARPED, defined by precise diagnostic criteria. We performed both qualitative and quantitative multimodal retinal imaging investigations. The main outcome measure is the characterization of ARPED, defined by precise diagnostic criteria, with respect to AMD. Secondary outcome is the identification of differential diagnostic features with respect to other retinal diseases.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 31 ARPED eyes (62 patients). Inter-graders agreement for detecting ARPED was 0.98 (p<0.05). ARPED is characterized by the absence of AMD-related findings, such as drusen and pseudodrusen. Moreover, it is characterized by the absence of pachychoroid-related features, as also confirmed by fluorescein angiography and indocyanine green angiography.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although further studies are warranted to better define ARPED features and if it may be considered a distinct macular disease, the characteristics of this clinical phenotype introduce new intriguing pathophysiologic features and should be carefully considered both in clinical practice and research contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144857044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tina Felfeli, Fahmeeda Murtaza, David Rabinovitch, Rachel Goud, Matthew Veitch, Louis R Giavedoni, Alan R Berger, David R Chow, Filiberto Altomare, Efrem D Mandelcorn, David T Wong
{"title":"Clinical and Demographic Risk Factors Associated with Recurrent and Fellow Eye Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachments.","authors":"Tina Felfeli, Fahmeeda Murtaza, David Rabinovitch, Rachel Goud, Matthew Veitch, Louis R Giavedoni, Alan R Berger, David R Chow, Filiberto Altomare, Efrem D Mandelcorn, David T Wong","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004641","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004641","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To identify clinical and surgical risk factors associated with recurrent rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in the index eye and RRD in the fellow eye.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective observational study of adult patients who underwent RRD repair at two tertiary care centers over six years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 794 primary RRD patients, recurrence occurred in 20.5%, and RRD in the fellow eye was observed in 5.2%. Postoperative visual acuity significantly improved at one year (95% CI -0.44-0.30; P < 0.001). Higher recurrence rates were found in patients with prolonged symptom duration (P = 0.005), preoperative proliferative vitreoretinopathy (P = 0.006), and worse initial visual acuity (P < 0.001). Recurrences were most frequent within the first 90 days postoperatively, while fellow eye RRD primarily occurred after one year. Pneumatic retinopexy (PnR) (SE 0.37; 95% CI 1.07-4.64, P = 0.03) and the extent of detachment (SE 0.04; 95% CI 1.0-1.2; P = 0.005) were significant predictors of recurrence in multivariate analyses. Age (SE 0.01; 95% CI 1.01-1.05; P = 0.01) and male sex (SE 0.38; 95% CI 1.66-7.47; P = 0.001) were significant predictors for fellow eye RRD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights PnR and detachment extent as significant predictors of RRD recurrence. It also identifies older age and male sex as risk factors for RRD in the fellow eye. Our findings emphasize the importance of risk stratification and recommend close monitoring during the first 90 days and beyond the one-year postoperative period.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144857045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ahmed A Nagshbandi, Moustafa S Magliyah, Abdulrahman F Algwaiz, Abdulmajeed I Alhaidari, Ahmed B Sallam, Abdulrahman H Badawi
{"title":"Prevalence, Risk Factors and Outcomes of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachments Repair in Marfan syndrome.","authors":"Ahmed A Nagshbandi, Moustafa S Magliyah, Abdulrahman F Algwaiz, Abdulmajeed I Alhaidari, Ahmed B Sallam, Abdulrahman H Badawi","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To report the prevalence, risk factors, and surgical management outcomes of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in Marfan Syndrome.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective chart review of 82 patients with Marfan Syndrome who have developed RRD. The collected data included lens status, previous surgeries, details of intraoperative retinal findings and follow up outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 163 eyes of 82 patients. Forty-three patients (52.4%) were males. The mean duration of follow ups was 15.3 ± 13.4 years. RRD occurred in 54 eyes (33.1%). The mean age at the time of RRD was 25.2 ±12.5 years. Risk of RRD was significantly higher among patients who had prior trauma (P=0.014), previous ocular surgery (P=0.001), lensectomy without implantation of an intraocular lens (P=0.002) aphakia (P<0.001), lens subluxation (P=0.002) and higher axial length (P<0.001). Successful primary reattachment was achieved in 36 eyes (69.2%) while 16 eyes (30.8%) required secondary repairs to achieve reattachments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Eyes with Marfan Syndrome have a 33.1% risk of developing RRD upon long-term follow ups. Prior trauma, intraocular surgeries, aphakic status and high axial length are associated with higher risk. High reattachments rates could be achieved after surgical repairs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144857047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Response to Letter to the Editor for \"Inferior retinal detachment repair using vitrectomy with or without scleral buckling\".","authors":"Mélanie Hébert, Jérôme Garneau, Sihame Doukkali, Eunice You, Serge Bourgault, Mathieu Caissie, Éric Tourville, Ali Dirani","doi":"10.1097/IAE.0000000000004640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/IAE.0000000000004640","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54486,"journal":{"name":"Retina-The Journal of Retinal and Vitreous Diseases","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144857048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}