Topology Pub Date : 2022-04-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-28 DOI: 10.1145/3491101.3519845

Claire L Mitchell, Gabriel J Cler, Susan K Fager, Paola Contessa, Serge H Roy, Gianluca De Luca, Joshua C Kline, Jennifer M Vojtech

引用次数: 0

Vitamin D and COVID-19 - Let's Explore the Relationship! 维生素 D 和 COVID-19 - 让我们来探讨两者之间的关系！

Topology Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.26574/maedica.2021.16.4.628

Ravi Pratap Singh, Kalpana Chauhan, Alok Tripathi, Eema Chaudhary

{"title":"Vitamin D and COVID-19 - Let's Explore the Relationship!","authors":"Ravi Pratap Singh, Kalpana Chauhan, Alok Tripathi, Eema Chaudhary","doi":"10.26574/maedica.2021.16.4.628","DOIUrl":"10.26574/maedica.2021.16.4.628","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction:Vitamin D plays a protective role against COVID-19. Patients with deficiency of vitamin D are more prone to severe SARS-CoV-2 infections. It is known to enhance human β-defensin 2 and antimicrobial peptide. Vitamin D can easily stabilise and manage immunological reactions against SARS-CoV-2. It can also suppress the cytokine storm by boosting the innate system. Material and methods: RT-PCR confirmed COVID-19 positive subjects were divided into two groups, one comprising asymptomatic subjects (Group 1) and the other one ICU admitted patients (Group 2). In both groups, various comorbidities such as obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, respiratory disease, renal disease and malignancy were taken into consideration. Vitamin D estimation was performed along with serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and ferritin using automated immunoassays on Siemens Advia Centaur XP. Results:On acknowledging the cut-off serum concentration level of vitamin D as < 30 ng/mL for establishing vitamin D deficiency the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was 66.18% in Group 1 and 98.30% in Group 2. Diabetes mellitus, followed by hypertension was associated comorbidity in both groups. In total, 33 patients were found to be severely deficient (<10 ng/mL) in vitamin D, out of which 27 were critically ill and six asymptomatic. In both groups, diabetes mellitus, followed by hypertension were the highest comorbid associations. Fatality rate (discharge vs fatality) was 0% in Group 1 and 16.94% (10 patients died) in Group 2. Conclusion:To conclude, the present study addressed the significant relationship between vitamin D levels and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 patients. Vitamin D deficiency distinctly upswings the chance of disease severity as well as mortality after SARS-CoV-2 infection.","PeriodicalId":54424,"journal":{"name":"Topology","volume":"30 1","pages":"628-633"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8897787/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75118839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vagus Nerves Provide a Robust Afferent Innervation of the Mucosa Throughout the Body of the Esophagus in the Mouse. 迷走神经为小鼠整个食道粘膜提供强大的传入神经支配。

IF 2.6

Topology Pub Date : 2020-06-01 Epub Date: 2019-08-29 DOI: 10.1007/s00455-019-10051-8

J Harsanyiova, F Ru, T Zatko, M Kollarik, M Hennel

{"title":"Vagus Nerves Provide a Robust Afferent Innervation of the Mucosa Throughout the Body of the Esophagus in the Mouse.","authors":"J Harsanyiova, F Ru, T Zatko, M Kollarik, M Hennel","doi":"10.1007/s00455-019-10051-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00455-019-10051-8","url":null,"abstract":"The vagal afferent nerves regulate swallowing and esophageal motor reflexes. However, there are still gaps in the understanding of vagal afferent innervation of the esophageal mucosa. Anatomical studies found that the vagal afferent mucosal innervation is dense in the upper esophageal sphincter area but rare in more distal segments of the esophagus. In contrast, electrophysiological studies concluded that the vagal afferent nerve fibers also densely innervate mucosa in more distal esophagus. We hypothesized that the transfection of vagal afferent neurons with adeno-associated virus vector encoding green fluorescent protein (AAV-GFP) allows to visualize vagal afferent nerve fibers in the esophageal mucosa in the mouse. AAV-GFP was injected into the vagal jugular/nodose ganglia in vivo to sparsely label vagal afferent nerve fibers. The esophageal tissue was harvested 4-6 weeks later, the GFP signal was amplified by immunostaining, and confocal optical sections of the entire esophagi were obtained. We found numerous GFP-labeled fibers in the mucosa throughout the whole body of the esophagus. The GFP-labeled mucosal fibers were located just beneath the epithelium, branched repeatedly, had mostly longitudinal orientation, and terminated abruptly without forming terminal structures. The GFP-labeled mucosal fibers were concentrated in random areas of various sizes in which many fibers could be traced to a single parental axon. We conclude that the vagus nerves provide a robust afferent innervation of the mucosa throughout the whole body of the esophagus in the mouse. Vagal mucosal fibers may contribute to the sensing of intraluminal content and regulation of swallowing and other reflexes.","PeriodicalId":54424,"journal":{"name":"Topology","volume":"35 1","pages":"471-478"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1007/s00455-019-10051-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75133578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Corrigendum to “Stable homotopy classification of BGp∧” [Topology 34 (1995) 633–649] “BGp∧的稳定同伦分类”的勘误表[拓扑34 (1995)633-649]

Topology Pub Date : 2011-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.top.2010.10.001

John Martino , Stewart Priddy

引用次数: 0

A Riemann manifold structure of the spectra of weighted algebras of holomorphic functions 全纯函数加权代数谱的黎曼流形结构

Topology Pub Date : 2009-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.top.2009.11.003

Daniel Carando , Domingo García , Manuel Maestre , Pablo Sevilla-Peris

引用次数: 3

A functional representation of capacity monad 容量单子的功能表示

Topology Pub Date : 2009-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.top.2009.11.007

Taras Radul