Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.10.001
Richard M Ransohoff
{"title":"Spinal cord injury: T cells to the rescue?","authors":"Richard M Ransohoff","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gao, Kim, and colleagues recently reported that clonal populations of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells could be detected in mice that underwent spinal cord injury (SCI). A subset of clones mediated enhanced motor recovery and suppressed inflammation. Further studies may point towards novel cell therapies for SCI, for which care is presently supportive only.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"849-850"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.09.009
Igor Santiago-Carvalho, Masaki Ishikawa, Henrique Borges da Silva
{"title":"Channel plan: control of adaptive immune responses by pannexins.","authors":"Igor Santiago-Carvalho, Masaki Ishikawa, Henrique Borges da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of mammalian adaptive (i.e., B and T cell-mediated) immune responses is tightly controlled at transcriptional, epigenetic, and metabolic levels. Signals derived from the extracellular milieu are crucial regulators of adaptive immunity. Beyond the traditionally studied cytokines and chemokines, many other extracellular metabolites can bind to specialized receptors and regulate T and B cell immune responses. These molecules often accumulate extracellularly through active export by plasma membrane transporters. For example, mammalian immune and non-immune cells express pannexin (PANX)1-3 channels on the plasma membrane, which release many distinct small molecules, notably intracellular ATP. Here, we review novel findings defining PANXs as crucial regulators of T and B cell immune responses in disease contexts such as cancer or viral infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"892-902"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11560585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142407162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.09.012
Cornelis Murre, Indumathi Patta, Shreya Mishra, Ming Hu
{"title":"Constructing polymorphonuclear cells: chromatin folding shapes nuclear morphology.","authors":"Cornelis Murre, Indumathi Patta, Shreya Mishra, Ming Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune cell fate decisions are regulated, at least in part, by nuclear architecture. Here, we outline how nuclear architecture instructs mammalian polymorphonuclear cell differentiation. We discuss how in neutrophils loop extrusion mechanisms regulate the expression of genes involved in phagocytosis and shape nuclear morphology. We propose that diminished loop extrusion programs also orchestrate eosinophil and basophil differentiation. We portray a new model in which competitive physical forces, loop extrusion, and phase separation, instruct mononuclear versus polymorphonuclear cell fate decisions. We posit that loop extrusion programs instruct the spatial organization of cytoplasmic organelles, including neutrophil granules, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum. Finally, we suggest that changing loop extrusion programs might allow the engineering of new nuclear shapes and artificial cytoplasmic architectures.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"851-860"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-21DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.08.007
Pavel Hanč, Marie-Angèle Messou, Jainu Ajit, Ulrich H von Andrian
{"title":"Setting the tone: nociceptors as conductors of immune responses.","authors":"Pavel Hanč, Marie-Angèle Messou, Jainu Ajit, Ulrich H von Andrian","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nociceptors have emerged as master regulators of immune responses in both homeostatic and pathologic settings; however, their seemingly contradictory effects on the functions of different immune cell subsets have been a source of confusion. Nevertheless, work by many groups in recent years has begun to identify patterns of the modalities and consequences of nociceptor-immune system communication. Here, we review recent findings of how nociceptors affect immunity and propose an integrated concept whereby nociceptors are neither inherently pro- nor anti-inflammatory. Rather, we propose that nociceptors have the role of a rheostat that, in a context-dependent manner, favors tissue homeostasis and fine-tunes immunity by preventing excessive histotoxic inflammation, promoting tissue repair, and potentiating anticipatory and adaptive immune responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"783-798"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.09.003
Elena Magrini, Cecilia Garlanda
{"title":"COVID-19 thromboinflammation: adding inflammatory fibrin to the puzzle.","authors":"Elena Magrini, Cecilia Garlanda","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thromboinflammation is a peculiar and key component of acute COVID-19 pathogenesis, which contributes to long COVID. In a recent study, Ryu et al. demonstrate that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein interacts with fibrinogen, promoting fibrin polymerization and its inflammatory activity. Targeting the inflammatory fibrin peptide protected mice from spike-dependent fibrin clotting and neuropathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"721-723"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-24DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.08.003
Gonçalo Castelo-Branco, Petra Kukanja, André O Guerreiro-Cacais, Leslie A Rubio Rodríguez-Kirby
{"title":"Disease-associated oligodendroglia: a putative nexus in neurodegeneration.","authors":"Gonçalo Castelo-Branco, Petra Kukanja, André O Guerreiro-Cacais, Leslie A Rubio Rodríguez-Kirby","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neural cells in our central nervous system (CNS) have long been thought to be mere targets of neuroinflammatory events in neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) or Alzheimer's disease. While glial populations such as microglia and astrocytes emerged as active responders and modifiers of pathological environments, oligodendroglia and neurons have been associated with altered homeostasis and eventual cell death. The advent of single-cell and spatial omics technologies has demonstrated transitions of CNS-resident glia, including oligodendroglia, into disease-associated (DA) states. Anchored in recent findings of their roles in MS, we propose that DA glia constitute key nexus of disease progression, with DA oligodendroglia contributing to the modulation of neuroinflammation in certain neurodegenerative diseases, constituting novel putative pharmacological targets for such pathologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"750-759"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.08.008
Theodore M Fisher, Shane A Liddelow
{"title":"Emerging roles of astrocytes as immune effectors in the central nervous system.","authors":"Theodore M Fisher, Shane A Liddelow","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The astrocyte, a major glial cell type in the central nervous system (CNS), is widely regarded as a functionally diverse mediator of homeostasis. During development and throughout adulthood, astrocytes have essential roles, such as providing neuron metabolic support, modulating synaptic function, and maintaining the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Recent evidence continues to underscore their functional heterogeneity and importance for CNS maintenance, as well as how these cells ensure optimal CNS and immune responses to disease, acute trauma, and infection. Advances in our understanding of neuroimmune interactions complement our knowledge of astrocyte functional heterogeneity, where astrocytes are now regarded as key effectors and propagators of immune signaling. This shift in perspective highlights the role of astrocytes not merely as support cells, but as active participants in CNS immune responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"824-836"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Boosting peripheral immunity to fight neurodegeneration in the brain.","authors":"Michal Schwartz, Sarah Phoebeluc Colaiuta","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Reciprocal communication between the brain and the immune system is essential for maintaining lifelong brain function. This interaction is mediated, at least in part, by immune cells recruited from both the circulation and niches at the borders of the brain. Here, we describe how immune exhaustion and senescence, even if not primary causative factors, can accelerate neurodegenerative diseases. We emphasize the role of a compromised peripheral immune system in driving neurodegeneration and discuss strategies for harnessing peripheral immunity to effectively treat neurodegenerative diseases, including the underlying mechanisms and opportunities for clinical translation. Specifically, we highlight the potential of boosting the immune system by blocking inhibitory checkpoint molecules to harness reparative immune cells in helping the brain to fight against neurodegeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"760-767"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142367343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-24DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.09.002
Eleonora Terrabuio, Gabriela Constantin
{"title":"APOE4 affects neutrophil-microglia crosstalk in Alzheimer's disease.","authors":"Eleonora Terrabuio, Gabriela Constantin","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Circulating immune cells contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), but their role is poorly understood. Rosenzweig et al. recently identified a subset of interleukin (IL)-17<sup>+</sup> neutrophils that inhibit neuroprotective microglia in female APOE4 carriers. Blockade of IL-17 signaling or APOE4 deletion in neutrophils restored microglial responses and reduced murine amyloid pathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"726-728"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.09.008
Catarina Sacristán
{"title":"Protect, repair, rewire, and defend.","authors":"Catarina Sacristán","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"715-717"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}