Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-12-01Epub Date: 2024-11-20DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.11.005
Michal A Stanczak, Erika L Pearce
{"title":"Please don't go: retinoic acid 'retains' tissue-specific memory.","authors":"Michal A Stanczak, Erika L Pearce","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.11.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.11.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tissue-resident memory (T<sub>RM</sub>) T cells not only control infection and cancer, but also contribute to inflammatory disease. In a recent study, Obers et al. demonstrate that retinoic acid (RA) and TGF-β direct T<sub>RM</sub> residency in mice, with RA uniquely retaining cells in the intestine by limiting migration. This discovery highlights the potential for harnessing local residency cues to enhance tissue-specific T<sub>RM</sub> responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"920-921"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11902903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142689665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-10-17DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.09.013
Eric V Dang, Andrea Reboldi
{"title":"Cholesterol sensing and metabolic adaptation in tissue immunity.","authors":"Eric V Dang, Andrea Reboldi","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.013","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cholesterol metabolites, particularly oxidized forms known as oxysterols, play crucial roles in modulating immune and metabolic processes across various tissues. Concentrations of local cholesterol and its metabolites influence tissue-specific immune responses by shaping the metabolic and spatial organization of immune cells in barrier organs like the small intestine (SI) and lungs. We explore recent molecular and cellular evidence supporting the metabolic adaptation of innate and adaptive immune cells in the SI and lung, driven by cholesterol and cholesterol metabolites. Further research should unravel the detailed molecular mechanisms and spatiotemporal adaptations involving cholesterol metabolites in distinct mucosal tissues in homeostasis or infection. We posit that pharmacological interventions targeting the generation or sensing of cholesterol metabolites might be leveraged to enhance long-term immune protection in mucosal tissues or prevent autoinflammatory states.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"861-870"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11560508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.09.011
David P Hoytema van Konijnenburg, Peter A Nigrovic, Ivan Zanoni
{"title":"Regional specialization within the mammalian respiratory immune system.","authors":"David P Hoytema van Konijnenburg, Peter A Nigrovic, Ivan Zanoni","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The respiratory tract is exposed to infection from inhaled pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi. So far, a comprehensive assessment that integrates common and distinct aspects of the immune response along different areas of the respiratory tract has been lacking. Here, we discuss key recent findings regarding anatomical, functional, and microbial factors driving regional immune adaptation in the mammalian respiratory system, how they differ between mice and humans, and the similarities and differences with the gastrointestinal tract. We demonstrate that, under evolutionary pressure, mammals evolved spatially organized immune defenses that vary between the upper and lower respiratory tract. Overall, we propose that the functional specialization of the immune response along the respiratory tract has fundamental implications for the management of infectious or inflammatory diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"871-891"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11560516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-10-22DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.09.010
Wenjuan Dong, Jianting Sheng, Johnny Z M Cui, Hong Zhao, Stephen T C Wong
{"title":"Systems immunology insights into brain metastasis.","authors":"Wenjuan Dong, Jianting Sheng, Johnny Z M Cui, Hong Zhao, Stephen T C Wong","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Brain metastasis poses formidable clinical challenges due to its intricate interactions with the brain's unique immune environment, often resulting in poor prognoses. This review delves into systems immunology's role in uncovering the dynamic interplay between metastatic cancer cells and brain immunity. Leveraging spatial and single-cell technologies, along with advanced computational modeling, systems immunology offers unprecedented insights into mechanisms of immune evasion and tumor proliferation. Recent studies highlight potential immunotherapeutic targets, suggesting strategies to boost antitumor immunity and counteract cancer cell evasion in the brain. Despite substantial progress, challenges persist, particularly in accurately simulating human conditions. This review underscores the need for interdisciplinary collaboration to harness systems immunology's full potential, aiming to dramatically improve outcomes for patients with brain metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"903-916"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-10-11DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.10.001
Richard M Ransohoff
{"title":"Spinal cord injury: T cells to the rescue?","authors":"Richard M Ransohoff","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gao, Kim, and colleagues recently reported that clonal populations of CD4<sup>+</sup> T cells could be detected in mice that underwent spinal cord injury (SCI). A subset of clones mediated enhanced motor recovery and suppressed inflammation. Further studies may point towards novel cell therapies for SCI, for which care is presently supportive only.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"849-850"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142481005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-10-10DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.09.009
Igor Santiago-Carvalho, Masaki Ishikawa, Henrique Borges da Silva
{"title":"Channel plan: control of adaptive immune responses by pannexins.","authors":"Igor Santiago-Carvalho, Masaki Ishikawa, Henrique Borges da Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of mammalian adaptive (i.e., B and T cell-mediated) immune responses is tightly controlled at transcriptional, epigenetic, and metabolic levels. Signals derived from the extracellular milieu are crucial regulators of adaptive immunity. Beyond the traditionally studied cytokines and chemokines, many other extracellular metabolites can bind to specialized receptors and regulate T and B cell immune responses. These molecules often accumulate extracellularly through active export by plasma membrane transporters. For example, mammalian immune and non-immune cells express pannexin (PANX)1-3 channels on the plasma membrane, which release many distinct small molecules, notably intracellular ATP. Here, we review novel findings defining PANXs as crucial regulators of T and B cell immune responses in disease contexts such as cancer or viral infections.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"892-902"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11560585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142407162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-11-01Epub Date: 2024-10-21DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.09.012
Cornelis Murre, Indumathi Patta, Shreya Mishra, Ming Hu
{"title":"Constructing polymorphonuclear cells: chromatin folding shapes nuclear morphology.","authors":"Cornelis Murre, Indumathi Patta, Shreya Mishra, Ming Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune cell fate decisions are regulated, at least in part, by nuclear architecture. Here, we outline how nuclear architecture instructs mammalian polymorphonuclear cell differentiation. We discuss how in neutrophils loop extrusion mechanisms regulate the expression of genes involved in phagocytosis and shape nuclear morphology. We propose that diminished loop extrusion programs also orchestrate eosinophil and basophil differentiation. We portray a new model in which competitive physical forces, loop extrusion, and phase separation, instruct mononuclear versus polymorphonuclear cell fate decisions. We posit that loop extrusion programs instruct the spatial organization of cytoplasmic organelles, including neutrophil granules, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum. Finally, we suggest that changing loop extrusion programs might allow the engineering of new nuclear shapes and artificial cytoplasmic architectures.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"851-860"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142513022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-21DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.08.007
Pavel Hanč, Marie-Angèle Messou, Jainu Ajit, Ulrich H von Andrian
{"title":"Setting the tone: nociceptors as conductors of immune responses.","authors":"Pavel Hanč, Marie-Angèle Messou, Jainu Ajit, Ulrich H von Andrian","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nociceptors have emerged as master regulators of immune responses in both homeostatic and pathologic settings; however, their seemingly contradictory effects on the functions of different immune cell subsets have been a source of confusion. Nevertheless, work by many groups in recent years has begun to identify patterns of the modalities and consequences of nociceptor-immune system communication. Here, we review recent findings of how nociceptors affect immunity and propose an integrated concept whereby nociceptors are neither inherently pro- nor anti-inflammatory. Rather, we propose that nociceptors have the role of a rheostat that, in a context-dependent manner, favors tissue homeostasis and fine-tunes immunity by preventing excessive histotoxic inflammation, promoting tissue repair, and potentiating anticipatory and adaptive immune responses.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"783-798"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11493364/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142301090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.09.003
Elena Magrini, Cecilia Garlanda
{"title":"COVID-19 thromboinflammation: adding inflammatory fibrin to the puzzle.","authors":"Elena Magrini, Cecilia Garlanda","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Thromboinflammation is a peculiar and key component of acute COVID-19 pathogenesis, which contributes to long COVID. In a recent study, Ryu et al. demonstrate that the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein interacts with fibrinogen, promoting fibrin polymerization and its inflammatory activity. Targeting the inflammatory fibrin peptide protected mice from spike-dependent fibrin clotting and neuropathology.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"721-723"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Trends in ImmunologyPub Date : 2024-10-01Epub Date: 2024-09-24DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2024.08.003
Gonçalo Castelo-Branco, Petra Kukanja, André O Guerreiro-Cacais, Leslie A Rubio Rodríguez-Kirby
{"title":"Disease-associated oligodendroglia: a putative nexus in neurodegeneration.","authors":"Gonçalo Castelo-Branco, Petra Kukanja, André O Guerreiro-Cacais, Leslie A Rubio Rodríguez-Kirby","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.it.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neural cells in our central nervous system (CNS) have long been thought to be mere targets of neuroinflammatory events in neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) or Alzheimer's disease. While glial populations such as microglia and astrocytes emerged as active responders and modifiers of pathological environments, oligodendroglia and neurons have been associated with altered homeostasis and eventual cell death. The advent of single-cell and spatial omics technologies has demonstrated transitions of CNS-resident glia, including oligodendroglia, into disease-associated (DA) states. Anchored in recent findings of their roles in MS, we propose that DA glia constitute key nexus of disease progression, with DA oligodendroglia contributing to the modulation of neuroinflammation in certain neurodegenerative diseases, constituting novel putative pharmacological targets for such pathologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54412,"journal":{"name":"Trends in Immunology","volume":" ","pages":"750-759"},"PeriodicalIF":13.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142332456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}