Environmental Earth Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Assessing ion interactions in low saline water flooding of sandstone reservoirs: numerical approach","authors":"Viswakanth Kandala,&nbsp;Suresh Kumar Govindarajan","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12194-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12194-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Low saline water flooding (LSWF) is a promising enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technique in petroleum engineering, offering a sustainable alternative to chemical EOR by targeting residual oil with minimal chemical use. However, the role of ion concentrations in influencing oil recovery remains insufficiently understood, creating a critical gap in LSWF optimization. This study addresses this gap by employing Sobol’ analysis, a global sensitivity analysis technique, to evaluate the impact of ion concentrations on oil recovery. Sobol’ analysis is applied over 81,920 samples for 2.3 pore volume injected (PVI) to assess the effects of multiphase fluid flow coupled with a reactive transport model. The results reveal that <span>([text {Na}^+])</span>, <span>([text {Mg}^{2+}])</span>, and <span>([text {Ca}^{2+}])</span> significantly influence oil recovery, with strong interactions between <span>([text {Na}^+])</span> and <span>([text {Ca}^{2+}])</span>, as well as <span>([text {Ca}^{2+}])</span> and <span>([text {Mg}^{2+}])</span>. Among all, <span>([text {Na}^+])</span> exhibits the highest Sobol’ first-order value, indicating its dominant role in recovery variation. Temporal analysis further suggests that interactive effects outweigh individual contributions. To manage uncertainties, cumulative probability values (<span>(hbox {P}_{{10}})</span>, <span>(hbox {P}_{{50}})</span>, and <span>(hbox {P}_{{90}})</span>) are employed for optimization, minimizing variability in recovery predictions. Finally, this research provides a toolkit for evaluating ion interactions and optimizing LSWF, underscoring the role of ionic concentrations in sensitivity analysis, supporting decision making and risk assessment in upstream applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial and temporal distribution of soil nitrogen and phosphorus and ecological risk assessment in Yanhe river riparian zone on the Loess Plateau of China","authors":"Shutong Yang,&nbsp;Peng Li,&nbsp;Peng Shi,&nbsp;Xiaohuang Liu,&nbsp;Yongxia Meng,&nbsp;Linghua Cao,&nbsp;Naichang Zhang,&nbsp;Yongxiang Cao,&nbsp;Yong Liu","doi":"10.1007/s12665-024-12020-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-024-12020-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The riparian zone is a transition zone between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems and is vulnerable to human activities. Pollution sources are scattered, pollutants are diverse, and pollution loads vary greatly over time and space, leading to ecological fragility in riparian areas and difficulties in pollution management. In order to understand the distribution characteristics of N and P in soils and their ecological and environmental risks in the riparian zone of the Yanhe River Basin in northern Shaanxi Province, this study investigated the characteristics of N and P in the surface sediments of the riparian zone and their spatial and temporal distributions by means of on-site testing, spatial analysis, and mathematical statistics, and made a preliminary assessment of their environmental risks by using the risk assessment index method in order to explore the ecological and environmental risks in the riparian zone of the Yanhe River Basin. The results showed that total nitrogen (TN) had a certain pooling effect at the basin scale. TN content was higher in dry water period, smaller in rich water period and flat water period, and the trend of Total phosphorus (TP) content was not obvious in both space and time scale. The surface sediments in the riparian zone of the Yanhe River Basin are mildly to moderately polluted, and the nitrogen and phosphorus contents of the sediments are easily affected by soil water content (SWC), soil bulk density (BD) and land use (LULC) on the bank. These results provide a certain basis for watershed management and ecological environmental protection in northern Shaanxi, and are of great significance in promoting ecological restoration and sustainable development in the Yanhe River basin.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatiotemporal assessment of meander geometry and potential cutoff formation in the Gadadhar River of the Himalayan foothills","authors":"Sushanta Das,&nbsp;Utpal Seal Sarma,&nbsp;Koyel Roy,&nbsp;Madhumita Mandal,&nbsp;Shasanka Kumar Gayen","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12200-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12200-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Gadadhar River is characterized by dynamic processes that shape its channel and behaviour over time. The highly sinuous meandering channel of the Gadadhar River induces geomorphic hazards in both Cooch Behar and Alipurduar districts of West Bengal. The present study assessed changes in channel geometry, including channel width, sinuosity, meander length, radius of curvature and amplitude of meander loops, in the Gadadhar River from 1992 to 2022. For this effective study, Landsat 5 (TM), Landsat 7 (ETM +) and Landsat 8 (OLI) satellite images were used. The results reveal significant spatiotemporal changes in the channel geometry of the Gadadhar River. Over the studied period, the channel width has experienced fluctuations, with Reach A showing a net increase of 23.79 m, Reach B widening by 44.81 m and Reach C experiencing a narrowing of 35.45 m. The meander geometry analysis reveals dynamic shifts in meander amplitude (MA), meander belt width (MBW) and radius of curvature (RC) across key bends such as Karjipara, Santoshpur and Dhadial, with complex trends influenced by neck cut-off formations. The bend tightness index (BTI) fluctuated, with minimum values recorded in 1998 (0.85) and a maximum in 2010 (1.31), indicating variability in the structural integrity of meander bends. Additionally, the channel length exhibited significant variations, with a notable decline of 4.18 km between 2016 and 2022, underscoring the dynamic response of the river. We also observed the formation of meander cut-offs, in which the river carves new channels, creating shortcuts that escape previous meander bends. The research also points out the sites where meander cutoffs have been formed and probable sites where meander cutoffs may occur. Overall, this study provides valuable insights into spatiotemporal changes in channel geometry and meander cutoff formation in the Gadadhar River, which is crucial for effective river management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estimating shear strength parameters of a fine-grained alluvial soil using resedimented samples and multivariate regression","authors":"Muhammet Oğuz Sünnetci,&nbsp;Hakan Ersoy","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12207-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12207-2","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;The number of studies concerning the shear strength of resedimented alluvial soils is extremely limited compared to the studies conducted on fine-grained marine sediments, since alluvial soils are generally tested in remolded or reconstituted state especially in the studies investigating their liquefaction potential. In this study, estimation models were developed to predict cohesion (&lt;i&gt;c&lt;/i&gt;) and internal friction angle (ϕ) parameters of a fine-grained alluvial soil using resedimented samples. A total of 60 undisturbed soil samples were obtained from Bafra district of Samsun province (Türkiye) by core drilling. A cone penetration test with pore water pressure measurement (CPTu) was also carried out alongside each borehole to determine the over-consolidation ratios of the samples. Physical-index property determinations and triaxial tests were conducted on the undisturbed samples. 20 sample sets were created with known physical, index, and strength characteristics. The samples are classified as CH, CL, MH, and ML according to the Unified Soil Classification System, with liquid and plastic limits ranging from 31.6–75% and 19.3 to 33.6% respectively. The &lt;i&gt;c&lt;/i&gt; and ϕ values of the samples varied from 4.1 to 46.1 kPa and 26 to 35º respectively. The samples were then resedimented in the laboratory under conditions reflecting their original in-situ properties, and triaxial tests were repeated. The &lt;i&gt;c&lt;/i&gt; and ϕ values of the resedimented samples ranged from 5.3 to 24.5 kPa and 28 to 32º respectively. The results indicate that the &lt;i&gt;c&lt;/i&gt; values of the resedimented samples are generally lower than those of the undisturbed samples, whereas upper and lower bounds for ϕ values are similar. Multivariate regression analyses (MVR) were utilized to develop estimation models for predicting &lt;i&gt;c&lt;/i&gt; and ϕ using strength and physical properties of 20 soil samples as independent variables. Three estimation models with R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; values varying between 0.723 and 0.797 were proposed for &lt;i&gt;c&lt;/i&gt; and ϕ which are statistically significant for p ≤ 0.05. Using artificial neural networks (ANN), the estimation models developed by MVR were replicated to validate the models. ANN yielded very similar results to the MVR, where the R&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; values for the correlations between &lt;i&gt;c&lt;/i&gt; and ϕ values predicted by both methods varied from 0.852 to 0.955. The results indicate that &lt;i&gt;c&lt;/i&gt; and ϕ values of undisturbed samples can be estimated with acceptable accuracy by determining basic physical and index properties of the disturbed samples and shear strength parameters of the resedimented samples. This approach, which enables the reuse of disturbed soil samples, can be used when undisturbed soil samples cannot be obtained from the field due to economic, logistical, or other reasons. Further research on the shear strength parameters of resedimented alluvial soils is needed to validate the estimation models developed in this study and enhance their applicability","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12665-025-12207-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolution characteristics of granular flow under low-gravity conditions","authors":"Wenqing Niu,&nbsp;Wuwei Mao,&nbsp;Wenping Li,&nbsp;Yu Huang,&nbsp;Hu Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12201-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12201-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Investigating the effect of gravity on the flow characteristics of granular materials is crucial for a deeper understanding of geological hazards on Earth and other celestial bodies. This research employs discrete element numerical simulation methods to systematically analyze the dynamic process of granular system collapse and flow under varying gravity conditions. By analyzing the collapse initiation angle, flow velocity, and energy evolution of the granular system at different time intervals, the study reveals that as gravity increases, both the average flow velocity and the front velocity of the granular system significantly increase. After normalizing the particle flow velocity, the velocity curves converge, indicating that both the flow velocity and duration are proportional to gravity. Higher gravity levels accelerate the accumulation of kinetic energy in the granular system, but once the kinetic energy reaches its peak, its dissipation rate also increases significantly. The energy dissipation, horizontal displacement, and evolution time of the granular system exhibit a power-law relationship with gravity. This research provides significant scientific value for further understanding the collapse and flow characteristics of granular systems in geological hazards on Earth and other extraterrestrial bodies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143716866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater quality assessment for drinking and irrigation uses within the vicinities of Volta Lake and Akosombo Dam in Ghana: a multi-methodological approach","authors":"Mahamuda Abu,&nbsp;Johnbosco C. Egbueri,&nbsp;Johnson C. Agbasi","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12174-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12174-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Monitoring and evaluating groundwater resources is crucial as the rapid pollution challenges confronting surface water resources intensify. Failing to do so could have an adverse impact on various sectors of a nation’s economy. In this study, the groundwater quality of communities within the vicinities of the Volta Lake and Akosombo Dam in Ghana was comprehensively assessed for drinking and irrigation using multi-methodological approach. Standard experimental procedures were followed in the analysis of 107 groundwater samples. The samples showed hydrochemical concentrations in the order: TDS &gt; HCO₃^– &gt; Na⁺ &gt; SO₄^2– &gt; Mg²⁺ &gt; Cl^– &gt; K⁺ &gt; NO₃^– &gt; CO₃^2– &gt; F^–. The pH values were alkaline (&gt; 7.0), indicating ionized groundwaters. A high F^– concentration (3.8 mg/l) was observed in one sample. Most had acceptable NO₃^– levels (&lt; 50 mg/l), except in four locations with levels &gt; 80 mg/l, which could lead to chronic diseases. Overall index of pollution (OIP) ranged from 0.10 to 0.92, indicating excellent drinking water. Contrarily, the groundwater samples were categorized as excellent (48.50%), good (49.53%), and poor (1.87%) by the water quality index (WQI). The OIP and WQI consistently ranked the groundwater suitability and their spatial maps showed fewer desirable sources in the western part, while the southeastern part had the best quality water. Groundwater mineralization was influenced by natural processes and human activities, per multivariate statistical analysis. Most irrigation water quality indices indicated unsuitability of majority of groundwater stations for irrigation. For both drinking and irrigation water quality predictions, multilinear regression and artificial neural network models performed well with low model errors and R² &gt; 0.90. It was indicated that Na⁺ had a major influence on the irrigation water quality prediction. These findings have significant implications for groundwater monitoring and protection, in the region and beyond.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12665-025-12174-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143706956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Groundwater vulnerability study using interaction-based model in Musi River Basin, Telangana, Southern India","authors":"N. C. Mondal,&nbsp;S. Chandrapuri","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12187-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12187-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article aims to develop an interaction-based model for assessing groundwater risks by quantifying uncertainties in hydrological and hydrogeological parameters such as precipitation, soil moisture, evapotranspiration, surface water runoff, and groundwater level. The model is applied to eight sub-basins of the Musi River in Telangana, Southern India, to compare their vulnerabilities. The results indicate that the Musi basin receives substantial annual rainfall, with significant variability in precipitation across its different sub-basins, averaging between 972 to 1125 mm per year. A large proportion of the precipitation occurs during the monsoon season from June to September. Increased rainfall significantly raises water levels, demonstrating a direct correlation between rainfall and groundwater depth. This relationship is crucial for effective water management. Rainfall variability is considerable, leading to significant fluctuations in water levels, reflecting the basin's hydrological responsiveness. Entropy measures reveal the complexity and predictability of hydrological interactions. During the monsoon, the Osman Sagar sub-basin shows significant recharge, accounting for 33.2% of the rainfall, while the Shamirpet sub-basin shows the lowest recharge at 12.1%. Whereas the Hussain Sagar shows a stable recharge pattern year-round. Evapotranspiration and depth to water level interactions vary from 6.9 to 14.9% annually across sub-basins, indicating differences in water availability and atmospheric conditions. The highest soil moisture interaction, observed at 32.9%, occurs with the depth to water level, particularly during the monsoon, in the Osman Sagar sub-basin. Surface runoff and depth to water level interactions also vary, with the Bikkeru sub-basin having the highest interaction at 21.3%, suggesting high responsiveness to runoff. Groundwater vulnerability classifications based on diverse hydrological attributes indicate varying levels of risk across the sub-basins. These findings emphasize the importance of understanding basin-specific interactions for effective water resource management and planning, particularly in regions with varied hydrological responses to rainfall and groundwater resources. This customized approach aids in designing effective strategies for irrigation, water storage, and flood management to each basin's unique characteristics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Considering tectonic uplift in landslide susceptibility assessment using MaxEnt model: a case study of Trishuli River watershed","authors":"Yidan Huang,&nbsp;Urusha Tyata,&nbsp;Dong Liang,&nbsp;Yu Gao,&nbsp;Qinying Yang","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12164-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12164-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Himalayan region is characterized by active tectonics, frequent earthquakes, and mountain disasters, posing a serious threat to local residents. The long-term history of tectonic uplift plays a significant role in regional landslides distribution; however, this indicator is rarely used for landslide susceptibility assessments. This study integrates channel steepness index, which reflects tectonic uplift, as one of the conditioning factors along with seven conventional factors to assess landslide susceptibility in the Trishuli River watershed. This region, severely impacted by the 2015 Gorkha earthquake (M_w 7.8), is also of strategic importance as a proposed route for the Sino-Nepal railway. The MaxEnt model, recognized for its good interpretability, was used along with the Logistic Regression model for analysis. Two scenarios were developed to explore the effects of tectonic uplift: one including the steepness index and another excluding it. Results indicated that incorporating the steepness index enhanced model performance, as reflected by higher Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic values and other validation metrics. Contribution analysis using the MaxEnt model revealed tectonic uplift as the second most influential factor, contributing around 28% to the model’s predictive capacity, surpassing elevation and slope. Areas with steepness index above 50 and slopes steeper than 20° are found to be more susceptible to landslides. Additionally, the MaxEnt model outperformed Logistic Regression model. These findings underscored the contribution of tectonic uplift in landslide susceptibility assessments in mountainous areas. These insights contribute to improving disaster risk management and developing strategies to mitigate earthquake-induced landslides in the Himalayan regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical and microbial attributes as indicators of erosion stabilization in gullies in the Atlantic Forest biome","authors":"Francisco Xirlean Xavier Alves,&nbsp;Luiz Alberto da Silva Rodrigues Pinto,&nbsp;Cristiane Figueira da Silva,&nbsp;Marcelo Antoniol Fontes,&nbsp;Gilsonley Lopes dos Santos,&nbsp;Renato Sinquini de Souza,&nbsp;Eliane Maria Ribeiro da Silva,&nbsp;Anderson Gomide Costa,&nbsp;Marcos Gervasio Pereira","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12193-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12193-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Water erosion is a natural phenomenon that is sometimes intensified by anthropogenic actions. The objective of this study was to analyze the soil attributes of the soil in gullies with different formation times. Soil samples were collected at 0–10 cm depth on the external and internal faces of gullies in the initial (IN), intermediate (INT), mature (MA) and senile (SE) stages. There were higher levels of total organic carbon (TOC), mineral-associated OC (MAOC), <i>β</i>-glucosidase, total glomalin-related soil protein (T-GRSP) and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi spore abundance (SPA) on the external faces of the IN, INT and MA stages when compared to the internal ones. For the SE stage gully, there was no difference between the faces for most of the attributes evaluated, showing the benefits of regeneration of natural vegetation and, consequently, less potential for soil erosion. Considering the internal face of the gullies, the highest values of TOC, particulate OC, MAOC, Labile organic C, <i>β</i>-glucosidase, T-GRSP, SPA and AMF species richness were found in the gully in the SE stage. The effect of erosion on soil chemical and microbiological attributes is more intense in gullies at the initial formation stages (IN, INT, MA). It is concluded that the attributes related to organic matter (fractions) and microbiota (<i>β</i>-glucosidase activity, T-GRSP, SPA, total species richness) of the soil are good indicators to evaluate erosion stabilization in gullies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multi component approach to predict erosion susceptibility of rocky coasts: marine, terrestrial and climatic forcing—an application in Southern Italy","authors":"Maria Francesca Tursi,&nbsp;Giorgio Anfuso,&nbsp;Giorgio Manno,&nbsp;Gaia Mattei,&nbsp;Pietro P. C. Aucelli","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12143-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12143-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rocky coasts are the most common type of coastal environment and are presently experiencing significant erosion as a consequence of accelerated sea-level rise and increase in coastal storms. This type of coastline, like all coastal environments, is subject to the effects of a huge number of marine and terrestrial processes that continually reshape them over time. This research suggests a new methodological approach for assessing the vulnerability of rocky coasts to forcing factors that may be emphasised by ongoing climate change. The proposed approach combines two matrices: the Physical Element Index (PEIx), which assesses the most relevant morphological and geotechnical features of the considered landform to evaluate its susceptibility to erosion, and the Cliff Forcing Index (CFIx), which accounts for the marine forces impacting the specific coastal form. In a first step, to construct the two matrices, several variables were selected from previous studies. In a second step, a specific weight factor (Wfi) was attributed to each variable, i.e. each one of the Physical Elements and Forcing Agents considered, according to their specific relevance/contribution to cliff erosion susceptibility. In a third step, the two matrices were combined through interpolation to generate the final Cliff Susceptibility Index (CSIx). The method was tested on different coastal areas sited along the southwest coast of Italy, differing in geological characteristics and marine conditions. The analysis demonstrated that most of the considered coastal sectors belonged to the “Low” (Cala Rossa, Cirella 1, Guardiola, Marechiaro, Punta del Corvo, Puolo, Torre di Mezzo), “Medium” (Capo Rama, Cirella 2, Seiano 1, Spiaggia del Poggio, Torrefumo 2) and “High” (Coroglio, Irminio, Punta Braccetto, Punta Pennata) classes of CSIx due to the interaction among morphological, geotechnical and forcing factors. This procedure allows the zonation of wide rocky coastal areas according to their grade of susceptibility and the identification of areas of criticism where specific studies and monitoring programs need to be developed to adopt sound management strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12665-025-12143-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143676330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}