Environmental Earth Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Morphometric assessment and soil erosion susceptibility maping using ensemble extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) algorithm: a study for Hunza-Nagar catchment, Northern Pakistan","authors":"Hilal Ahmad,&nbsp;Zhang Yinghua,&nbsp;Majid Khan,&nbsp;Mehtab Alam,&nbsp;Sajid Hameed,&nbsp;Prabhat Man Sing Basnet,&nbsp;Aboubakar Siddique,&nbsp;Zia Ullah","doi":"10.1007/s12665-024-11909-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-024-11909-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil erosion and groundwater resources are two fundamental global concerns intricately linked through various hydrological and morphometric processes. Morphometrics with soil erosion assessment is crucial for managing hydrological processes and implementing preventative strategies. Utilizing Geographical Information system and Remote Sensing techniques, morphometric, morphotectonic, and soil erosion susceptibility in the tectonically active Hunza-Nagar catchment were explored, spanning 1455.05 km² with elevations from 1763–7697 m above sea level. With this motive, linear, areal, and relief morphometric variables were investigated. Analysis of the linear aspects indicated the sub-dendritic drainage pattern with streams ordered from 1 to 4th order. The calculated parameters recorded huge variations, including stream length of 384.92 km, bifurcation ratio of 1.65, drainage density of 2.65 km/km², drainage intensity of 0.25 km⁻¹, drainage texture of 0.49, stream frequency of 0.07 km⁻² and form factor of 0.41, respectively. The circulatory ratio of 0.46 indicates structural influence, elongation ratio of 0.72 reflects moderate to steep slopes with low flood regimes, length of overland flow of 1.33 km shows high infiltration and shape index of 2.47 underscores a higher risk of soil erosion in the catchment. Soil erosion susceptibility analysis was conducted using the XGBoost model, renowned for its proficiency in predictive modeling and classification tasks. The model was trained and tested on a dataset comprising factors pertinent to soil erosion dynamics. Subsequently, the trained model was applied to assess soil erosion susceptibility across the study area. The final Susceptibility map was classified from low to very high susceptible zones. Confusion matrix and Receiving operative characteristic curve (ROC) were used to validate the model. These results offer crucial insights into geohydrological characteristics, supporting global conservation efforts in conservation of natural resources and soil practices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"83 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142453031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of ML- based approach for co-seismic landslides susceptibility mapping and identification of important controlling factors in eastern Himalayan region","authors":"Saurav Kumar,&nbsp;Aniruddha Sengupta","doi":"10.1007/s12665-024-11911-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-024-11911-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Co-seismic landslides pose a significant concern for the Himalayas and its nearby area due to high seismic activity in the region, coupled with steep slopes and heavy rainfall, responsible for substantial socioeconomic losses. Accurate and reliable Co-seismic landslide susceptibility maps are vital in highlighting high-risk zones where proactive measures can be taken to minimise the risk. Despite numerous machine learning (ML) models and landslide controlling factors being explored for susceptibility mapping, uncertainty remains about removing irrelevant factors and identifying optimal controlling factors for an ML based model. Further earlier research highlights that the performance of ML based models improves when optimal controlling factors are utilized for training the model. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of Random Forest (RF), Logistic Regression (LR), and Naive Bayes (NB) for co-seismic landslide susceptibility mapping and identifying most important controlling factors in the eastern Himalayan region. The landslide inventory of the 2011 Mw 6.9 Sikkim earthquake and a spatial database comprising 16 landslide-controlling factors have been utilised. A novel approach is proposed for selecting the optimal controlling factors for an ML model. Susceptibility maps for the Indian state of Sikkim are prepared by each model using optimal controlling factors. Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), river distance, slope, fault distance, and elevation are identified as the most important factors, with the RF model showing superior performance. The outcomes of this study provide valuable insights for policymakers and engineers for land use planning and proactive measures to minimize losses.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"83 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142452981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of damming on riverine heavy metals and environmental risks in the world’s largest hydropower engineering, China","authors":"Di Wang,&nbsp;Guilin Han,&nbsp;Yuchun Wang,&nbsp;Mingming Hu,&nbsp;Jinke Liu,&nbsp;Xi Gao","doi":"10.1007/s12665-024-11903-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-024-11903-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the increasing demand for clean energy and water resources, hydropower engineering is gradually expanding worldwide. Revealing the status and toxic risks of riverine pollutants is of considerable theoretical importance for water safety management. However, damming complicates the geochemical behavior of pollutants in river water, especially in large reservoirs with intensive anthropogenic activities. Whether damming amplifies the environmental risks of pollutants needs to be clarified. This study selected heavy metals (HMs) as major pollutants, combining positive matrix factorization (PMF) and Monte Carlo simulation (MCS), identifying the damming impacts on riverine HMs in the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR). The average concentrations of most HMs increased manyfold than the background, and the HMs loading rates of outflow was increased, suggesting the obvious disturbance by human activities. Through PMF, about 70% of Cu came from industrial wastewater discharges, and more than half of As, V, Mo and Ni were contributed by agricultural activities. The risk assessment results indicated that the concentration of most riverine HMs during the study period did not pose human health damage, children exposed to As have an 9.8 ± 0.9% occurrence probability of non-carcinogenic risk. The results coupled with PMF and MSC showed agricultural activities contributed most (51.3 ± 0.3%) to inducing HMs health hazard. In addition, the contribution rate of each potential source of HMs along the river remained relatively stable, suggesting that damming has limited impact on the risk occurrence. Overall, agricultural activities and the drinking water quality from TGR source should to be constraint preferentially for HMs risks prevention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"83 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142453020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors affecting the geochemistry of rare earth elements in soils in tropical rain and montane forests in Sri Lanka across an elevation gradient","authors":"Nishika Samarakoon,&nbsp;Rohana Chandrajith,&nbsp;Saman K. Herath,&nbsp;Kasun S. Bandara,&nbsp;Janendra De Costa","doi":"10.1007/s12665-024-11918-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-024-11918-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Studying the distribution of rare earth elements (REE) in the soil is crucial for understanding how natural factors influence the geochemical behaviour of such components in tropical lowland rainforests (TLRF) and tropical montane forests (TMF) that are differentiated based on their elevational range and floristics. Since little is known about REE in forest soils in Sri Lanka, eight (8) forest areas along an elevation gradient were investigated to determine the abundance of REE and its relationship to soil physicochemical properties, climatic factors, and vegetation parameters. Sampling was carried out over an area of a one-hectare plot; 17 representative soil samples were taken to a depth of 25 cm, and the REE content was quantified using ICP-MS. The mean REE content varied in all forest plots in the order Ce &gt; La &gt; Nd &gt; Pr &gt; Gd &gt; Sm &gt; Dy &gt; Er &gt; Tb &gt; Yb &gt; Eu &gt; Ho &gt; Lu &gt; Tm. Higher light REE content (La-Nb) with depleted Eu content was a key feature in the forest soils. Altitude showed significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) relationships with all studied parameters except clay content and heavy rare earth metal contents. The REE contents showed significant positive correlations (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) with climatic factors such as precipitation and average temperature, as well as the vegetation parameters such as the Shannon-Wiener Vegetation Diversity Index and above-ground biomass. The results of this study highlight the significant influence of climate and vegetation on REE geochemistry. Further studies are required to elucidate the clay mineral adsorption of REE in forest soils of Sri Lanka.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"83 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142452982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on precise quantitative traceability of combined gas extraction in close-distance coal seam group","authors":"Feng Du,&nbsp;Weilong Cui,&nbsp;Kai Wang,&nbsp;Yi Zhang,&nbsp;Jiazhi Sun","doi":"10.1007/s12665-024-11904-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-024-11904-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The combined extraction of gas from close-distance coal seams can be an effective means of preventing and controlling the outburst of coal and gas. It can improve the production efficiency of coal mines and make effective use of coal methane resources. In order to determine the source of the combined extraction of gas in the coal seam group and the proportion of gas extraction in each coal seam, in this work, the combination of carbon isotope measurement, numerical simulation and field layered measurement test are adopted to study the traceability of combined extraction of gas in outburst coal seam group. When the four-layer coal seam is jointly extracted, the gas mixing ratios of the coal seams from top to bottom calculated by the carbon isotope method account for about 23%, 56%, 7% and 13%, respectively. According to the field layered measurement test, the proportion of each coalbed methane in the mixture is about 22%, 55%, 7% and 15% in the top-down four layers of coal seam. In accordance with the numerical simulation study, the top-to-bottom ratio of gas extracted from each coal seam is about 3.4:7.4:1:1.8 when the multi-holes are arranged in parallel to extract the four-layer coal seam. Under the geological conditions of the coal seam in this coal mine, the three research methods all confirm that when the four-layer coal seam is jointly extracted, the amount of gas extracted from the second-layer coal seam is the largest, followed by the amount of gas extracted from the first-layer coal seam, and the amount of gas extracted from the third and fourth-layer coal seams is relatively small. The research offers a theoretical foundation for evaluating the accuracy of measuring the volume of gas extracted from multi-coal seam combined extraction, and provides a new research idea for solving the problem of combined extraction of close-spaced bursting coal seams, which has guiding significance for the accurate measurement of mine gas control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"83 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative source apportionment and pollution characteristics of heavy metals in agricultural soils surrounding a legacy Pb-Zn mine","authors":"Jianqiang Zhang,&nbsp;Jialian Ning,&nbsp;Zhukun He,&nbsp;Ji Wang,&nbsp;Zhiju Liu,&nbsp;Haihu Yan,&nbsp;Zirui Liang","doi":"10.1007/s12665-024-11901-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-024-11901-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mining activity is an important source of heavy metals in agricultural soils, threatening food safety and human health. In the present study, an integrated approach of Nemerow pollution index (P_N), Geo-accumulation index (I_geo), potential ecological risk index (PERI), principal component analysis (PCA), cluster analysis (CA), and positive matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to comprehensively illustrate the pollution, potential ecological risk, and sources of heavy metals in agricultural soils surrounding a legacy Pb-Zn mine. The agricultural soils were seriously polluted and suffered high risks of heavy metals with the order of Cd &gt; Pb &gt; Hg &gt; As &gt; Zn &gt; Cu &gt; Ni &gt; Cr. According to the PMF model, Cd (85.5%) and Zn (15.9%) originated from irrigation of polluted water. As (76.2%) and Pb (26.4%) were related to Pb/Zn ores transportation. Pb (52.5%), Zn (51.1%), and Cu (38.8%) were associated with atmospheric deposition during Pb-Zn mining. Hg (67.3%) was mainly from agricultural sources. Cr (59.5%), Ni (59%), and Cu (28.7%) came from the natural parent materials. Pb-Zn mining activity was the priority source accounting for 57.7% of heavy metals pollution in the agricultural soil. Additionally, agricultural and natural sources contributed 19.8% and 22.5%, respectively. These results provide valuable information for future prevention, remediation, and management of soil heavy metals pollution surrounding the Pb-Zn mining region.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"83 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2D nonlinear inversion of DC resistivity measurements, a case study; southeastern part of Ras El Dabaa, Northwestern coast, Egypt","authors":"Fardous Zarif,&nbsp;Mostafa Barseem,&nbsp;Ahmed Elshenawy,&nbsp;Emin U Ulugergerli","doi":"10.1007/s12665-024-11896-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-024-11896-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The southern Mediterranean coast suffers from limited water resources as a result of exploitation of water supply, population growth, and climate change. Spatial lineaments and Seawater Intrusion (SWI) were detected at the southeast portion of Ras El Dabaa, on Egypt’s northwest coast, using the direct current resistivity (DCR) method. The Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) data were acquired using Schlumberger array along four profiles and inverted both independently and jointly, aiming to obtain Two Dimensional (2D) geoelectrical images. The results of the one Dimensional (1D) inversion of VES data at each profile were stitched to form pseudo-2D sections on which the resistivity values and aquifer thickness in the southwest of the region appeared to be generally increasing, indicating a potential improvement in water quality.However, the results did not fully image the lateral variation but focused on the horizontal boundaries of the subsurface. On the contrary, the results of 2D inversion of the same data sets successfully managed to provide images that depicted resistivity distribution in both lateral and vertical directions. The detected sets of lineaments and fractured zones within the oolitic limestone and fossiliferous limestone units control the occurrence of groundwater in the region. The 2D inversion scheme revealed a low resistivity zone that indicated the presence of SWI and/or the dissolution of marine salts from the marine limestone bedrock of these aquifers in the northern portions of the studied area. Additionally, analysis of the 2D apparent porosity section shows how aquifers are connected by secondary porosity, which is defined by structures that resemble channels. The current approach offers valuable structural information for future planning and development of such complex geological coastal locations, taking into consideration the vulnerability of the groundwater system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"83 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s12665-024-11896-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142447299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrogeological attributes and groundwater potential of the Saq aquifer system: insights from petrophysical properties and hydrochemical characteristics in Al Qassim Province, KSA","authors":"Mohammed A. Ahmed,&nbsp;Hosni Ghazala,&nbsp;Ahmed El Mahmoudi,&nbsp;Ragab El Sherbini,&nbsp;Mohamed A. Genedi","doi":"10.1007/s12665-024-11877-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-024-11877-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is facing challenges related to water scarcity, however, the Cambrian-Ordovician Saq Aquifer System, in Al Qassim Province, provides vital water resources. This article assesses the petrophysical properties and hydrochemical characteristics of the aquifer system utilizing downhole cam recording and geostatistical analysis. The evaluation aims to assign the hydrogeological attributes, groundwater potential, and associated risks using an open-petrophysical aquifer system approach. The petrophysical evaluation appraises the prevailing lithology, zonation, hydrogeological properties, and salinity patterns. Sandstones with low shale content and dispersed distribution possess effective porosity that is fully saturated with groundwater containing calcium and bicarbonate ions. The majority of groundwater samples exhibit simple dissolution or lack prevailing ionic concentrations, indicating an ancient marine water genesis and a fossilized water type. The resistivity-depth profiles reveals three potential water-bearing aquifers including a disconnected compartment of an unconfined aquifer, a continuous compartment of a confined aquifer, and a continuous compartment of an unconfined aquifer. Petrophysical and hydrochemical parameters have been analyzed using geostatistical methods to assess their spatial variability and reduce potential sampling errors. Three distinct risk segments (RSs) with varying levels of risk characterize the aquifer system. RS-A represents a potential aquifer with low risk, RS-B poses moderate risks, and RS-C carries high risks. A fairway map of the aquifer system assigns geologic-hydro related factors that influence aquifer assessment and risk mapping. Segment-A is deemed an attractive long-term investment opportunity with low risk, while Segment-B offers a good investment opportunity with moderate risk. Segment-C provides a fair investment opportunity but entails high risks related to petrophysical qualities, hydrochemical characterizations, and irrigation utilities. The extraction and utilization of groundwater present promising investment opportunities, while employing a petrophysical approach can effectively evaluate and manage groundwater resources for sustainable utilization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"83 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Probabilistic landslide hazard assessments: adaptation of spatial models to large slow-moving earth flows and preliminary evaluation in Loja (Ecuador)","authors":"John Soto,&nbsp;Jorge P. Galve,&nbsp;José Antonio Palenzuela,&nbsp;José Miguel Azañón,&nbsp;José Tamay,&nbsp;Galo Guamán,&nbsp;Clemente Irigaray","doi":"10.1007/s12665-024-11905-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-024-11905-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quantitative landslide hazard models provide estimations of the number of landslides per area and time that might be expected in the near future. These models are essential to calculate landslide risk in monetary terms. Although they are very useful tools for managing the activity of unstable slopes, their production calls for a vast amount of spatial and temporal data. Here, we present a case where this was possible producing the quantitative landslide hazard map for the municipality of Loja, Ecuador. It is based on a model that integrates six causal factors (distance to faults, lithology, slope, geomorphology, topographic position index, land use) and a comprehensive multi-temporal inventory of landslides. First, a susceptibility map was generated with a good prediction capability (Area under prediction rate curve, AUPRC: 0.8) combining two widely used and tested probabilistic methods: “Matrix” and “Likelihood ratio”. Subsequently, this map was transformed into a hazard map by including the temporal frequency of landslides. The map assesses the annual probability of each pixel to be set in motion within one of these landslides. The preliminary temporal validation of the hazard map indicates that the pixels mobilized during two years after the map production fit reasonably well with our spatio-temporal forecast. The findings emphasize that classical spatial prediction methods, when augmented by robust and extensive data on landslide distribution and activity, can yield hazard models with reliable predictive capabilities. This suggests that in practical applications, models based on relatively simple calculations can provide effective and reliable starting points for managing landslide risks.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"83 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142434850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing the estimation of water storage variation in lakes with limited satellite altimetry coverage","authors":"Jing Zhang,&nbsp;Futian Liu,&nbsp;Hang Ning,&nbsp;Yubo Xia,&nbsp;Zhuo Zhang,&nbsp;Wanjun Jiang,&nbsp;Sheming Chen,&nbsp;Dongli Ji","doi":"10.1007/s12665-024-11912-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-024-11912-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The empirical formula (EF) method, which do not rely on topographic data, stands as the prevailing technique for estimating lake water storage variation (LWSV). However, for smaller lakes, the sporadic monitoring frequency of satellite altimetry fails to adequately support this method, presenting a challenge in accurately gauging LWSV. Using Lake Chahannur, a lake in China with an area smaller than 50 km², as a case study, seven schemes based on the EF method and the Area-Volume-Height (A-V-H) curve method were designed to estimate the LWSV of this undersized lake. The efficacy and precision of each scheme were evaluated against field-measured elevations. Findings reveal that due to the limited satellite altimetry monitoring, both the EF method and the H-driven A-V-H curve schemes struggle to provide consistent and comprehensive estimations. In the A-driven A-V-H curve schemes, terrain data from SRTM DEM suffers from mask processing and substantial errors, with the former posing challenges for shrinking lakes and the latter significantly compromising estimation accuracy. While field-measured elevations boast high precision, the interpolation process leads to terrain maps lacking in detail, with site density becoming a crucial factor influencing the accuracy of LWSV estimation. The combination of terrain reconstruction and A-driven pattern emerges as the most promising, boasting high accuracy, rich detail, and significantly reduced reliance on satellite altimetry monitoring, making it particularly suitable for small lakes. Chahannur’s bottom elevation ranges between 1271.71 and 1273.44 m, and the lake shows a downward trend in water volume from 1991 to 2020, with fluctuations totaling approximately 35 million m³. This study serves as a vital addition to the field of LWSV estimation, potentially broadening the scope of estimation from large-scale lakes to a wider array of global surface water bodies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"83 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142438817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}