Environmental Earth Sciences最新文献

{"title":"Post-agrogenic dynamics of molecular composition of humic acids isolated from different-aged soils of fallow lands in North-West Russia","authors":"V. Polyakov,&nbsp;E. Abakumov,&nbsp;T. Nizamutdinov,&nbsp;E. Artyukhov","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12536-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12536-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Today, a significant amount of land has transitioned from agricultural use to fallow state. These lands are undergoing processes such as shrub encroachment, waterlogging, and afforestation, which lead to degradation and the loss of carbon from soils. To analyze the carbon state of soils on fallow lands in the North-West of Russia, a calculation of the content and stock of carbon in the soils was carried out, as well as elemental and molecular composition of humic acids extracted from the soils was performed. To investigate the dynamics of molecular composition, the ¹³C NMR spectroscopy method was used. The study revealed that soils transitioning to fallow state accumulate carbon due to the formation of coarse humus fractions, which contribute primarily to the labile carbon pool. Molecular composition of humic acids demonstrated that plant community succession in initial fallow stages promotes the formation of stable molecular complex. However, with an increase in the age of the lands in the fallow state, a decrease in the content of stable molecular complexes is observed, which can lead to an increase in the rate of biodegradation of organic matter.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on mechanism of influence of composite solution on microstructure and wetting characteristics of coal","authors":"Muyao Zhu,&nbsp;Zhen Liu,&nbsp;He Yang,&nbsp;Lulong Jiao,&nbsp;Jian Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12517-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12517-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The wettability of coal is a key factor influencing the efficiency of coal seam water injection and directly determines the effectiveness of dust control measures. This property is strongly governed by the physicochemical characteristics of the coal surface. To elucidate the effect of coal’s physical structure on its wettability, coal samples were treated with composite solutions of varying concentrations. Low-temperature nitrogen adsorption experiments and scanning electron microscopy were employed to quantitatively characterize the surface morphology and pore structure of the treated coal. The potential impact of structural variations on wetting behavior was investigated at the microscale. The results show that with the increase of solution concentration, the internal connectivity of coal is gradually enhanced, and the surface roughness and porosity of coal are also increased, from the original coal sample 0.0757 and 0.0851 to 0.1891 and 0.3045. In addition, after treatment with the composite solution, the two-dimensional fractal dimension (<i>D</i>) of coal gradually grew, increase from 1.642 to 1.588 to 1.814 and 1.869. While the three-dimensional <i>D</i> gradually shrunk, decrease from 2.73 to 2.546 to 2.667 and 2.533. The experiments showed that the smaller the three-dimensional <i>D</i> was, the stronger the coal wettability was. For the coal surface, when the proportion of the coal pore area was larger (i.e., two-dimensional <i>D</i> was larger), the stronger the coal wettability was. The results provide a theoretical basis for dust control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic landslide susceptibility Assessment integrating future land use and vegetation changes: Cellular-automata markov-models and machine learning for zigui county, China","authors":"Fei Guo,&nbsp;Cheng Chen,&nbsp;Hao Fang,&nbsp;Qingshan Ma,&nbsp;Tao Huang,&nbsp;Hongtao Tian,&nbsp;Qiaoyi Dai","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12494-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12494-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Landslide susceptibility assessment involves numerous dynamic factors that can influence the predictive accuracy. This study targets Zigui County, located at the head of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, a region prone to landslides due to its complex geological and environmental conditions. To incorporate temporal variability, the Cellular Automata-Markov (CA-Markov) model is employed to simulate and predict dynamic factors, specifically land use/land cover (LULC) changes and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The GeoDetector tool is then applied to construct an evaluation index system. Logistic regression (LR), support vector machine (SVM), and random forest (RF) models are utilized to assess landslide susceptibility, followed by a comparative analysis of their results. The results confirm the effectiveness of the CA–Markov model in predicting dynamic factors. For the 2023 land use/land cover (LULC) prediction, the proportion of cultivated land, grassland, and construction land increased by 0.49%, 0.01%, and 1.61%, respectively, while forest land and water area decreased by 1.54% and 0.56%. Additionally, the 2023 NDVI prediction, the NDVI forecast shows a 1.93% reduction in areas with positive vegetation coverage. Among the models, the RF model demonstrates higher predictive accuracy and reliability compared to the LR and SVM models. The areas with extremely high and high landslide susceptibility are mainly located along on the Yangtze River and its tributaries, including Xietan, Zhaxi, Xiangxi, Qinggan (Luogudong) and Tongzhuang Rivers, as well as along major highways such as Provincial Highway S363 and National Highway G348.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate change impacts on in-stream carbon cycling dynamics in the Miho River Watershed, South Korea","authors":"Dongho Kim,&nbsp;Younghun Lee,&nbsp;Junyu Qi,&nbsp;Mikyung Lee,&nbsp;Kyung Hwa Cho,&nbsp;Sangchul Lee","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12508-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12508-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the in-stream total organic carbon (TOC) is becoming increasingly important for water quality management in South Korea. Relative to other water quality variables (e.g., N and P), in-stream carbon dynamics and their responses to climate change have rarely been studied, mainly because of a lack of suitable modeling tools. This study applied the Soil and Water Assessment Tool–Carbon (SWAT-C) model to the Miho River Watershed, South Korea, to investigate the potential changes in in-stream carbon dynamics under climate change. To depict climate change conditions, the projected climatic variables from the global circulation model under four different SSP scenarios were used. This study compared past (1991–2020) and future (2071–2100) in-stream organic carbon to quantitatively represent the impacts of climate change. The results indicated the TOC dynamics differed by SSP scenarios. An increase in future precipitation, particularly in August (55.92–115.17 mm), led to a rise in streamflow from 23.53 m³/s to 33.50 m³/s. Additionally, mean temperatures were projected to rise by 1.26–1.4°C. Interestingly, despite increased precipitation and streamflow, TOC loads during spring seasons were expected to decrease by 5.8–27.27%. This decline was primarily attributed to a reduction in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from May to July. Warmer conditions promoted vegetation growth, leading to increased DOC uptake by plants. Increased TOC loads during summer seasons were mainly led by increased particulate organic carbon (POC) loads due to precipitation. Furthermore, intensified precipitation resulted in increased resuspension while decreased sedimentation under climate change. This study was the first attempt to anticipate future TOC using a process-based model. The findings informed us of great variability in TOC under climate change, providing valuable information for TOC management strategies under climate change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Karst groundwater flow of Fold-thrust belt in Eastern Sichuan basin, China","authors":"Yayi Li,&nbsp;Qiang Xia,&nbsp;Mo Xu,&nbsp;Kunle Adefarati Ibrahim,&nbsp;Cong Cao,&nbsp;Jihong Qi,&nbsp;Baiping Xu","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12523-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12523-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The fold-thrust belt in eastern Sichuan exhibits a unique Jura-type Mountain landscape, characterized by the development of the Middle and Lower Triassic karst aquifers within anticlines (T₂<i>l</i> and T₁<i>j</i> formations, respectively), where both cold and warm springs are present. However, previous studies have focused primarily on warm spring genesis, neglecting a comprehensive understanding from the perspective of groundwater flow system. This study integrates regional tectonic settings, karst hydrogeology and diverse groundwater sample data (karst cold springs, warm springs, boreholes, tunnel drainage, and deep wells). Hydrochemistry, stable isotopes (δ²H, δ¹⁸O), and radiocarbon (¹⁴C) and tritium (³H) age analyses reveal a three-level nested karst groundwater flow system. Enrichment of Mg²⁺ in the groundwater is one effective indicator of a longer residence time in karst aquifers, which can be used to identify and divide the hierarchically flow system. Additionally, age analysis indicates a regional groundwater system over 10,000 years old, an intermediate system spanning a century, and a local flow system comprising modern water. Finally, we proposed a conceptual model of a hierarchically nested karst groundwater flow pattern: regional thermal water primarily originates from high-altitude rainfall, emerging as medium-low temperature warm springs in the gorges or drained by boreholes. Local flow systems, recharged by near source, manifest as karst cold springs in the shallow-cut valleys, with intermediate flow systems developing in between. This study deepens the understanding of the karst groundwater circulation laws in high-steep anticline areas, and enriches the application of the Tóth multi-level nested flow system theory, and provides an important scientific basis for the evaluation, management, and protection of regional groundwater resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagenesis and reservoir quality of fluvial sandstones: a case study of outcropped Middle Jurassic Yungang Formation in Yungang area of Datong Basin, North China","authors":"LongLong Liu,&nbsp;Chengzhi Liao,&nbsp;Shufen Huang,&nbsp;Zhongqiang Sun,&nbsp;Dong Gao,&nbsp;Hongzhi Dong,&nbsp;Rihui Huang,&nbsp;DongFeng Niu,&nbsp;An Fan,&nbsp;Wanwan Hu,&nbsp;Long Huang,&nbsp;Liyao Li,&nbsp;Na Li,&nbsp;Ming Su","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12484-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12484-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Middle Jurassic Yungang Formation in the Datong Basin, located in North China, is a prime example of braided fluvial depositional systems, offering an alternative to the homogeneous subsurface oil and gas reservoirs prevalent across the country. In this study, mineralogical, petrographic, and geochemical analyses were conducted to identify the type and extent of diagenesis and its evolution in the sandstones of the Yungang Formation. The sandstones primarily consist of medium-grained, moderately sorted lithic arkose and feldspathic litharenite, featuring secondary dissolution pores as their dominant pore type. During the eodiagenetic stage, the primary processes include (i) mechanical compaction; (ii) cementation by early calcite, dolomite, limonite, chlorite and kaolinite, and (iii) feldspar dissolution by leaching from atmospheric precipitation. Mesodiagenetic processes include (i) further mechanical and chemical compactions; (ii) cementation by late calcite and dolomite; (ii) kaolinite and illitization of kaolinite; (iv) quartz overgrowth; and (v) feldspar dissolution. Compaction and carbonate cementation during both diagenetic stages are the primary factors controlling porosity reduction. Whereas, feldspar dissolution enhances porosity by creating valuable secondary pore spaces. Therefore, the relatively high-quality sandstones in the Yungang Formation are characterized by coarser-grained with better sorting and a high feldspar content. This research provides valuable diagenetic insights for the exploration and development of high-quality reservoirs for oil and gas resources.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural and anthropogenic mechanisms of the elemental composition formation of the waters in the transboundary Kyrgyzstan-Kazakhstan River Karabalta, Central Asia","authors":"Mariya A. Severinenko,&nbsp;Bekmamat M. Djenbaev,&nbsp;Svetlana G. Lennik,&nbsp;Dmitriy A. Zheltov,&nbsp;Baktiyar Т. Zholboldiev,&nbsp;Tatyana V. Suzdaltseva,&nbsp;Kamshat A. Bedelbekova","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12534-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12534-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The work draws attention to the problem of contamination of surface waters of the transboundary Karabalta river basin with molybdenum (Mo), uranium (U), lithium (Li) and other hazardous elements. Two areas of surface water contamination were identified, which, based on the total content of hazardous elements, fall into the “seriously affected” category and may have a negative impact on the quality of irrigation water. In the water bodies located closest to the tailing pool of the Kara-Balta plant, concentration of Mo was revealed at the level 540.95 µg/L. In the Karabala River bed, in direct vicinity with the state border, excess amounts of U (29.40–59.01 µg/L) and Li (28.80–59.20 µg/L) enter surface waters. The hazardous elements most likely present in the river waters due the release of contaminated groundwater.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of fresh and saline groundwater interaction in coastal aquifers: a case study from the east coast, India","authors":"Susmita Goswami,&nbsp;Abhishek Kumar Rai","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12488-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12488-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coastal regions are often vulnerable to seawater intrusion caused by sea-level rise driven by climate change. Therefore, it is essential to map coastal aquifers and groundwater vulnerability zones along with seawater intrusion risks for effective groundwater management. Three methods, namely the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), Entropy, the AHP-Entropy model framework, and other hydro-geochemical models, have been employed to identify groundwater vulnerability zones. The results were validated and compared with intrinsic vulnerability models such as Entropy-DRASTIC and modified GALDIT (M-GALDIT). Additional hydro-geochemical approaches, including the Entropy Water Quality index, GQISWI, and HFE-D, were also utilized to assess groundwater quality. According to the Entropy-DRASTIC model, approximately 27% of the study area shows medium vulnerability, followed by about 24.31% with high vulnerability and around 24.31% with very high vulnerability. The eastern, northwestern, and southern parts are more vulnerable than other regions due to seawater mixing into the freshwater aquifers. Additionally, the seawater intrusion model, known as the M-GALDIT model, indicates that roughly 22.54% of the area is moderately vulnerable to seawater intrusion. In comparison, about 17.43% and 9.73% of the region are relatively high and very highly vulnerable, respectively. The GQISWI values in the region range from 0 to 96.96, suggesting most groundwater samples are classified as mixed water types. Factors influencing groundwater salinization include faults and fractures, population distribution, ionic exchange reactions, climatic phenomena, and seawater intrusion. The groundwater vulnerability models have been validated using the ROC curve, which shows satisfactory results, with an AUC value of approximately 0.69 for the AHP-Entropy framework integrated method.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical effects on the hydro-mechanical behavior of compacted bentonite: a review","authors":"Pu-Huai Lu,&nbsp;Wei-Min Ye,&nbsp;Qiong Wang,&nbsp;Yong-Gui Chen","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12521-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12521-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The hydro-mechanical behavior of bentonite-based barriers plays a key role in ensuring the long-term safe operation of deep geological repositories. However, salinity of groundwater and alkaline solutions generated by concrete degradation all degrade the hydro-mechanical properties of the barrier. Based on a comprehensive review of the previous works, achievements of chemical effects on the hydro-mechanical properties of bentonite were summarized and analyzed. Hydraulic behavior shows that elevated salt concentration enhances water retention through increased osmotic suction and reduced Matric suction, though diminishes beyond 70 MPa suction in GMZ bentonite during wetting. Prolonged alkaline exposure reduces the water retention capacity, accelerated by elevated temperatures. Permeability evolution exhibits ion-specific characteristics—sodium bentonite’s hydraulic conductivity increases with salinity (diffuse double-layer thinning), yet Ca²⁺ induces lower permeability than Na⁺ due to pore-clogging, and alkaline conditions accelerate flow via dissolution-induced preferential channels. With regard to mechanical properties, the swelling behavior is jointly controlled by solution chemistry and mineral phase transitions: high salinity suppresses crystalline/double-layer swelling, cation exchange follows Na⁺&lt; Li⁺&lt; K⁺&lt; Rb²⁺&lt; Cs⁺&lt; Mg²⁺&lt; Ca²⁺&lt; Ba²⁺&lt; Al³⁺, high-density calcium bentonite generates greater swelling pressure than sodium bentonite via thickened adsorption layers, while K⁺ fixation and alkaline-induced phase transformations (e.g., illitization/kaolinization) drive swelling reduction. Mechanical responses involve coupled osmotic consolidation (reduced compression index, elevated yield stress) and chemical softening (elastic domain contraction), with unloading hysteresis governed by preserved face-to-face microstructures. Existing models achieve accurate predictions of hydraulic properties and swelling pressure through liquid limit-concentration correlations, dual-pore structure modifications, and chemically revised effective stress formulations, where hardening modulus sign inversion quantifies chemo-mechanical transitions. Future efforts should focus on three frontiers: quantifying time-dependent swelling/compression under alkaline conditions, establishing multiscale chemo-hydro-mechanical frameworks, and developing constitutive models integrating cation exchange kinetics, K-fixation thresholds, pore reconstruction, and mineral transformation thermodynamics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failure modes and energy evolution of basalt in uniaxial compression tests after cryogenic freeze-thaw cycles","authors":"Huiyang Liu,&nbsp;Changyu Jin,&nbsp;Bo Sun,&nbsp;Xin Zhao,&nbsp;Jun Bai,&nbsp;Xin Chai,&nbsp;Lingyue Hou","doi":"10.1007/s12665-025-12529-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s12665-025-12529-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>With the gradual deepening of human extraterrestrial exploration, the extreme temperatures in the environment of celestial bodies have become key research focuses. In environments of celestial bodies such as the Moon, the huge difference and frequent change in the surface temperature have exposed rocks to the freeze-thaw (F-T) cycles. Meanwhile, F-T damage is also a non-negligible natural disaster in cold-region engineering. Uniaxial compression mechanical tests were conducted on basalt specimens subjected to cryogenic F-T cycles (-80 ℃ ~ 100 ℃), during which acoustic emission (AE) monitoring was used to record the damage evolution process in the specimens. Test results show that after experiencing multiple F-T cycles, the P-wave velocity of basalt specimens decreases by 12%, the uniaxial compressive strength declines by 26% ~ 33%, and the volume with F-T damage accounts for 31.6% ~ 46.7% of the total. In addition, for basalt specimens subjected to 15 and 25 F-T cycles, the damage areas show radial distances of 7.9 mm and 11.7 mm from the surface. The proportion of tensile failure in the specimens increases from 10.3 to 28.8% (25 cycles). The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized for microscopic analysis of fracture planes of the tested basalt. New fractures showing the characteristics of intergranular failure are observed on the fracture planes of specimens undergoing F-T cycling, which causes more tensile failure in the specimens. The test results provide not only basic data for research into mechanical behaviors of rocks with F-T damage but also offer theoretical guidance for building construction and slope design and construction in alpine regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":542,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Earth Sciences","volume":"84 18","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145011507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}