Earth and Space Science最新文献

{"title":"Four Generations of ECMWF Reanalyses: An Overview of the Successes in Modeling Precipitation and Remaining Challenges for Freshwater Budget of Ocean Models","authors":"Raphael Dussin","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003844","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study reviews the progress made in modeling precipitations in four generations of reanalyses from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, using traditional metrics and a new set of regional metrics. Regional metrics at oceanic basin scales and large land catchment areas over the continents allow for a more comprehensive analysis of the performance of the reanalyses. This leads to the conclusion that significant progress has been made in the past several decades in both the atmospheric model and the assimilation system at the ECMWF, leading to more realistic precipitation. The most recent ERA5 reanalysis outperforms ERA-Interim and its predecessors by all metrics considered. ERA5 is then used to force a modern ocean general circulation model, and the results show an improvement in terms of the freshwater budget, particularly after the year 2000. However, uncertainties remain about the magnitude and trends of the modeled evaporation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003844","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of 42 Years of Cosmic Ray Measurements by the Neutron Monitor at Lomnický štít Observatory","authors":"Imre Kisvárdai,&nbsp;Filip Štempel,&nbsp;Lukáš Randuška,&nbsp;Šimon Mackovjak,&nbsp;Ronald Langer,&nbsp;Igor Strhárský,&nbsp;Ján Kubančák","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003656","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003656","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The correlation and physical interconnection between space weather indices and cosmic ray flux has been well-established with extensive literature on the topic. Our investigation is centered on the relationships among the solar radio flux, geomagnetic field activity, and cosmic ray flux, as observed by the Neutron Monitor at the Lomnický štít Observatory in Slovakia. We processed the raw neutron monitor data, generating the first publicly accessible data set spanning 42 years. The curated continuous data are available in.csv format in hourly resolution from December 1981 to July 2023 and in minute resolution from January 2001 to July 2023 (Institute of Experimental Physics SAS, 2024, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10790915). Validation of this processed data was accomplished by identifying distinctive events within the data set. As part of the selection of events for case studies, we report the discovery of TGE-s visible in the data. Applying the Pearson method for statistical analysis, we quantified the linear correlation of the data sets. Additionally, a prediction power score was computed to reveal potential non-linear relationships. Our findings demonstrate a significant anti-correlation between cosmic ray and solar radio flux with a correlation coefficient of −0.74, coupled with a positive correlation concerning geomagnetic field strength. We also found that the neutron monitor measurements correlate better with a delay of 7–21 hr applied to the geomagnetic field strength data. The correlation between these data sets is further improved when inspecting periods of extreme solar events only. Lastly, the computed prediction power score of 0.22 for neutron flux in the context of geomagnetic field strength presents exciting possibilities for developing real-time geomagnetic storm prediction models based on cosmic ray measurements.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003656","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143111984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mapping 3D Overthrust Structures by a Hybrid Modeling Method","authors":"Weisheng Hou,&nbsp;Yanhua Li,&nbsp;Shuwan Ye,&nbsp;Songhua Yang,&nbsp;Fan Xiao","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003916","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003916","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A rational three-dimensional (3D) geological model with complex characteristics generated on a small amount of data is a crucial data infrastructure for scientific research and many applications. However, reconstructing structures with multi-Z values on a single point caused by folding or overthrusting is still one of the bottlenecks in 3D geological modeling. Combined with the multi-point statistics (MPS) method and fully connected neural networks (FCNs), this study presented a hybrid framework for 3D geological modeling. The loss functions of FCN and the conventional MPS method jointly form the kernel function of the proposed method, which is constrained by stratigraphic sequence and stratum thickness. The input and output parameters of the FCN are the coordinates and corresponding elevations of geological contacts, respectively. To solve the kernel function, the initial model, in which geological surfaces are generated by the FCNs, is generated using a sequential process. An iterative MPS process with an Expectation Maximization-like (EM-like) algorithm is carried out to illuminate the artifacts in the initial model. Ten orthogonal cross-sections are extracted from the overthrust model created by SEG/EAGE as the modeling data source. The results illustrated that the geometry and spatial relationships of strata and faults are retained well with the geological constraints. The comparison of virtual boreholes from the results and the real model shows that the accuracy of the geological object reaches 75%. The presented method provides a new idea for simulating 3D structures with multi-Z values, which overcomes the limitations of the conventional MPS-based 3D modeling method.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003916","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143120972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating GEMS HCHO Retrievals With TROPOMI Product, Pandora Observations, and GEOS-Chem Simulations","authors":"Weitao Fu,&nbsp;Lei Zhu,&nbsp;Hyeong-Ahn Kwon,&nbsp;Rokjin J. Park,&nbsp;Gitaek T. Lee,&nbsp;Isabelle De Smedt,&nbsp;Song Liu,&nbsp;Xicheng Li,&nbsp;Yuyang Chen,&nbsp;Dongchuan Pu,&nbsp;Juan Li,&nbsp;Xiaoxing Zuo,&nbsp;Peng Zhang,&nbsp;Yali Li,&nbsp;Zhuoxian Yan,&nbsp;Xue Zhang,&nbsp;Jiaming Zhang,&nbsp;Xingyi Wu,&nbsp;Huizhong Shen,&nbsp;Jianhuai Ye,&nbsp;Chen Wang,&nbsp;Tzung-May Fu,&nbsp;Xin Yang","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003894","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Satellite column formaldehyde (HCHO) is an indicator of regional volatile organic compounds (VOC) emissions as HCHO is a short-lived intermediate oxidation product. The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS), launched in 2020, is the first geostationary satellite to monitor hourly HCHO. GEMS offers unprecedented potential to reveal the diurnal variations of VOC emissions in Asia. Here, we present the first study to evaluate year-round GEMS HCHO retrievals using TROPOMI satellite and ground-based Pandora spectrometers. Our study shows that GEMS HCHO aligns with TROPOMI (<i>r</i> = 0.59–0.85; differences within 20% for most areas). Moreover, GEMS captures monthly and diurnal HCHO variations observed by Pandora spectrometers across Asia with differences overall within 15% (<i>r</i> ∼ 0.85). Diurnally, we find strong HCHO variations over urban areas but not in forests. During the fire season of mainland Southeast Asia, GEMS HCHO increases in the afternoon, in line with diurnal emission estimates from the Global Fire Emissions Database Version 4 with small fires (GFED4s) and GEOS-Chem simulations. GEMS also captures the spatial patterns of fire emissions in GFED4s. GEMS HCHO shows negative bias when observing with a high (&gt;60°) viewing zenith angle (VZA) and overly relies on model correction for observations to the north of 30°N.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003894","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143120447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning Classification Strategy to Improve Streamflow Estimates in Diverse River Basins in the Colorado River Basin","authors":"Sarah Maebius,&nbsp;K. E. Bennett,&nbsp;J. Schwenk","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003798","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Streamflow in the Colorado River Basin (CRB) is significantly altered by human activities including land use/cover alterations, reservoir operation, irrigation, and water exports. Climate is also highly varied across the CRB which contains snowpack-dominated watersheds and arid, precipitation-dominated basins. Recently, machine learning methods have improved the generalizability and accuracy of streamflow models. Previous successes with LSTM modeling have primarily focused on unimpacted basins, and few studies have included human impacted systems in either regional or single-basin modeling. We demonstrate that the diverse hydrological behavior of river basins in the CRB are too difficult to model with a single, regional model. We propose a method to delineate catchments into categories based on the level of predictability, hydrological characteristics, and the level of human influence. Lastly, we model streamflow in each category with climate and anthropogenic proxy data sets and use feature importance methods to assess whether model performance improves with additional relevant data. Overall, land use cover data at a low temporal resolution was not sufficient to capture the irregular patterns of reservoir releases, demonstrating the importance of having high-resolution reservoir release data sets at a global scale. On the other hand, the classification approach reduced the complexity of the data and has the potential to improve streamflow forecasts in human-altered regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"11 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003798","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143117993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence of Rare Lightning Events During Hurricane Nicholas (2021)","authors":"Timothy Logan,&nbsp;Jacob Hale,&nbsp;Sydney Butler,&nbsp;Brendan Lawrence,&nbsp;Samuel Gardner","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003733","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hurricane Nicholas was classified as a Category 1 tropical cyclone (TC) at 0000 UTC on 14 September 2021 and made landfall along the upper Texas Gulf Coast at 0530 UTC with maximum sustained winds of 33 m s⁻¹. Much of the electrical activity during Nicholas was monitored by the Houston Lightning Mapping Array (HLMA) network. Thunderstorm activity developed in the rainband at 1700 UTC on 13 September, diminished by 2030 UTC, and re-intensified after 2200 UTC. At 2004 UTC (13 September), a curved megaflash (∼220 km) was observed by the HLMA in the stratiform precipitation region of the outer rainband. By 0130 UTC on 14 September 2021, vigorous storm cells developed in the eastern eyewall region and propagated cyclonically to the western eyewall region. At least four “jet-like” transient luminous events (TLEs) were observed by the HLMA emanating from a storm cell in the western eyewall region between 0230 and 0300 UTC with VHF source points ranging from 30 to 45 km in altitude. Moreover, the TLEs occurred within a region of strong wind shear, upper-level graupel-ice crystal collisions (∼15 km), and strong cloud top divergence. Charge analysis of the thunderstorm activity during Nicholas revealed an overall normal dipole structure, while the megaflash and TLE cases exhibited inverted dipole charge structures. Dissipation of the upper-level screening charge layer resulting from cloud top divergence likely played a role in the observed TLE VHF sources escaping to altitudes exceeding 30 km.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"11 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003733","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seasonal Cycle in Sea Level Across the Coastal Zone","authors":"Rui M. Ponte,&nbsp;Michael Schindelegger","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003978","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Data from tide gauges and satellite altimeters are used to provide an up-to-date assessment of the mean seasonal cycle in sea level (&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;ζ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; $zeta $&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt;) over most of the global coastal ocean. The tide gauge records, where available, depict a &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;ζ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; $zeta $&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; seasonal cycle with complex spatial structure along and across continental boundaries, and an annual oscillation dominating over semiannual variability, except in a few regions (e.g., the northwestern Gulf of Mexico). Comparisons between tide gauge and altimeter data reveal substantial root-mean-square differences and only slight improvements in agreement when using along-track data optimized for coastal applications. Quantification of the uncertainty in the altimeter products, inferred from comparing gridded and along-track estimates, indicate that differences to tide gauges partly reflect short-scale features of the seasonal cycle in proximity to the coasts. We additionally probe the &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;ζ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; $zeta $&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; seasonal budget using satellite gravimetry-based manometric estimates and steric terms calculated from the World Ocean Atlas 2023. Focusing on global median values, the sum of the estimated steric and manometric harmonics can explain &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mo&gt;∼&lt;/mo&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; ${sim} $&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; 65% (respectively 40%) of the annual (semiannual) variance in the coastal &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;ζ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; $zeta $&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; observations. We identify several regions, for example, the Australian seaboard, where the seasonal &lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;math&gt;\u0000 &lt;semantics&gt;\u0000 &lt;mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;mi&gt;ζ&lt;/mi&gt;\u0000 &lt;/mrow&gt;\u0000 &lt;annotation&gt; $zeta $&lt;/annotation&gt;\u0000 &lt;/semantics&gt;&lt;/math&gt; budget is not closed and illustrate that such analysis is mainly limited by the coarse spatial resolution of present satellite-derived mass change products. For most regions with a sufficiently tight budget closure, we find that although the importance of the manometric term generally increases with decreasing water depth, steric contributions are non-negligible nea","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"11 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003978","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142868935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends of Summer Lake Surface Water Temperature on the Tibetan Plateau and Their Response to Climate Change","authors":"Yi Shi,&nbsp;Anning Huang,&nbsp;Yang Wu,&nbsp; Lazhu,&nbsp;Lijuan Wen","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003910","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Tibetan Plateau (TP) is covered by numerous lakes, and lake surface water temperature (LSWT) is an essential indicator of climate change, while few observations hinder our understanding of LSWT variation and its causes over TP. This study aims to simulate the summer LSWT long-term trends of 81 TP lakes during 1980–2018 and quantify the impacts and contributions of atmospheric variables. Results show that TP lakes warmed with 0.32°C decade⁻¹ on average. Northern TP lakes warmed faster than the southern ones (0.44 vs. 0.16°C decade⁻¹) due to stronger trends of atmospheric variables and higher sensitive of colder lakes to atmospheric changes. 55 (67.9%) lakes of the total lakes studied in current work warmed slower than air due to weakened shortwave radiation (SW_↓). Attribution analysis suggests that the air warming and wetting over TP dominate lakes' warming. Regarding synthesis contributions, air warming contributed 79.3%, with increased surface air temperature (SAT) and downward longwave radiation (LW_↓) accounting for 41.6% and 37.7%, respectively, and air wetting indicated by increased surface specific humidity (SSH) contributed 39.0%, followed by a positive contribution (16.8%) from declined wind speed (WS). The negative contribution (−35.1%) from weakened SW_↓ nearly counterbalances the positive effects of increased LW_↓. 55.1% of the total synthesis contribution arises from the cross contribution through interactions among atmospheric variables and is mainly reflected in SAT and SSH, accounting for 26.8% and 24.8%, respectively. The findings enhance understanding of climate change impacts on lake systems and offer insights for lake resource management.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"11 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003910","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changing Extreme Precipitation Patterns in Nepal Over 1971–2015","authors":"Yinxue Luo,&nbsp;Lang Wang,&nbsp;Chenxi Hu,&nbsp;Lu Hao,&nbsp;Ge Sun","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003563","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This paper provides a comprehensive and comparative analysis of extreme precipitation patterns from 1971 to 2015 in Nepal, a data scarce, but “hot spot” region in global climate change. We compare in-situ observations and gridded precipitation data from the Asian Precipitation Highly Resolved Observational Data Integration Toward Evaluation of Water Resources (APHRODITE). Using 11 precipitation indices, we show that high-intensity (RX1day, R95pTOT, R99pTOT) and frequency-related indices (R10 mm, R20 mm) have decreased but annual maximum consecutive dry and wet days have increased. Observations affirm these trends found by the APHRODITE, but show smaller magnitudes likely due to differences in measurements at locations made below the 3,000 m elevation line. Spatially, the relatively dry western region has become wetter, and the relatively wet eastern region has become drier post-2003. The weakening of the South Asia Monsoon circulation, particularly assessed by the Webster and Yang Monsoon Index, correlates strongly with extreme precipitation indices. Changes in upper-level jet and associated lower-level monsoon trough are identified as critical factors influencing the extreme precipitation trend post-2003. This study is the first to confirm the efficacy of APHRODITE in providing spatial and temporal precipitation patterns in a data-limited region. We conclude that monsoon weakened circulations and changes in regional wind fields play dominant roles in the long-term temporal and spatial trends of extreme precipitation in Nepal. The reduced precipitation extremes in the wet eastern region may somewhat lessen severe flooding and erosion, but the drier western region may face heightened risks in precipitation-related hazards in Nepal.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"11 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003563","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"InSAR Observations of Construction-Induced Coastal Subsidence on Miami's Barrier Islands, Florida","authors":"Farzaneh Aziz Zanjani,&nbsp;Falk Amelung,&nbsp;Andreas Piter,&nbsp;Khaled Sobhan,&nbsp;Amin Tavakkoliestahbanati,&nbsp;Gregor P. Eberli,&nbsp;Mahmud Haghshenas Haghighi,&nbsp;Mahdi Motagh,&nbsp;Pietro Milillo,&nbsp;Sara Mirzaee,&nbsp;Antonio Nanni,&nbsp;Esber Andiroglu","doi":"10.1029/2024EA003852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1029/2024EA003852","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study utilizes Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) to examine subsidence along the coastal strip of the Miami barrier islands from 2016 to 2023. Using Sentinel-1 data, we document vertical displacements ranging from 2 to 8 cm, affecting a total of 35 coastal buildings and their vicinity. About half of the subsiding structures are younger than 2014 and at the majority of them subsidence decays with time. This correlation suggests that the subsidence is related to construction activities. In northern and central Sunny Isles Beach, where 23% of coastal structures were built during the last decade, nearly 70% are experiencing subsidence. The majority of the older subsiding structures show sudden onset or sudden acceleration of subsidence, suggesting that this is due to construction activities in their vicinity; we have identified subsidence at distance of 200 m, possibly up to 320 m, from construction sites. We attribute the observed subsidence to load-induced, prolonged creep deformation of the sandy layers within the limestone, which is accelerated, if not instigated, by construction activities. Distant subsidence from a construction site could indicate extended sandy deposits. Anthropogenic and natural groundwater movements could also be driving the creep deformation. This study demonstrates that high-rise construction on karstic barrier islands can induce creep deformation in sandy layer within the limestone succession persisting for a decade or longer. It showcases the potential of InSAR technology for monitoring both building settlement and structural stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":54286,"journal":{"name":"Earth and Space Science","volume":"11 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2024EA003852","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}