Food and Energy Security最新文献

{"title":"Towards Iron Biofortification of Banana (Musa spp.): A Comparative Study of Fruit Mineral Micronutrient Concentrations and Phylogenetic Insights Into Iron Homeostasis","authors":"Tal Cooper,&nbsp;Amba Phillips,&nbsp;Jeff Daniells,&nbsp;Zachary Stewart,&nbsp;Moses Matovu,&nbsp;Robert Harding,&nbsp;James Langham Dale,&nbsp;Jean-Yves Paul","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70104","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is alarmingly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa, where populations often rely on nutrient-poor staple crops as their primary energy source. The East African highland banana (EAHB), a staple for millions in Uganda and most of East Africa's highlands, contains insufficient iron to meet dietary needs. Based on average daily consumption and recommended iron intake, biofortification of EAHBs with upwards of 18.3 mg/kg DW of iron could significantly reduce IDA in these communities. A comprehensive analysis of 43 <i>Musa</i> genotypes revealed that, although iron concentrations in banana fruit pulp were generally low, significantly higher concentrations were found in the pulp of wild species and Fe'i cultivars compared with other genome groups. In other tissues, such as the peel and seeds of wild fertile diploids, iron concentrations were consistently higher, underscoring the critical role of this mineral in photosynthesis and seed development. Genomic and phylogenetic analyses across five selected banana cultivars identified 37 genes associated with iron homeostasis, spanning six distinct protein families, and revealed distinct differences between Fe'i and the commercially important cultivar, Cavendish. A tissue-specific differential gene expression study in Cavendish further identified key regulators of iron homeostasis in this crop. These findings provide a foundational resource for the biofortification of this important fruit and contribute to addressing a persistent global health challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144244514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intercropping of Indica and Japonica With Staggered Sowing Increases Rice Yield in the Yangtze and Huaihe River Basins in Henan, Central China","authors":"Jamal Nasar,&nbsp;Jinjin Liu,&nbsp;Babar Iqbal,&nbsp;Jianquan Qin,&nbsp;Harun Gitari,&nbsp;Yakov Kuzyakov,&nbsp;Ting Peng,&nbsp;Quanzhi Zhao","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70097","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70097","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Intercropping systems that increase crop yield and land use efficiency are becoming increasingly popular worldwide, especially in developing countries. Despite many advantages related to nutrient, light, temperature, water, and land use efficiencies, intercropping of rice subspecies such as Indica and Japonica has not yet been fully explored. Hence, a two-year field experiment was conducted to study the effects of Indica–Japonica (i.e., XLY900-YY9 and YLY900-YY9) intercropping on the rice yield depending on sowing dates, and the intercropping effects were evaluated by yield, land equivalent ratio (LER), interspecific relative competitiveness (A), and relative crowding index (K). The Indica–Japonica intercropping at I₁J₁ sowing dates had cumulative yields of 12 t ha⁻¹ (20%–23%) higher than the yield of Indica or Japonica under mono-cropping. This increase was mainly due to the efficient use of light and a higher photosynthetic rate. The LER values (1.23–1.27) and those of the relative crowding index (K) (1.69–5.36) were both greater than 1, indicating that intercropping used land more efficiently than mono-cropping. The interspecific relative competitiveness (A) showed Indica to be more competitive (A &gt; 0, ranging from 1.05 to 1.80), while Japonica was less competitive (A &lt; 0, ranging from −1.05 to −1.80), but with reduced overall competition between the two for light and land resources. Hence, Indica–Japonica intercropping has high potential to maximize rice yield while utilizing the natural resources more efficiently, and could contribute to food security, particularly in regions where rice is a staple crop.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144220264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Variability and Agricultural Inputs: Effects on Grain Production and Yield Stability in China (1991–2020)","authors":"Runzhao Gao,&nbsp;Hongyan Cai,&nbsp;Xinliang Xu","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70096","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Stability serves as one of the key dimensions of food security and agricultural production systems, particularly in the context of climate change and increasing climate variabilities. To investigate how agricultural inputs, climate fluctuations, and their interactions affect the temporal stability of grain production, this study compiled multisource provincial-level data in China from 1991 to 2020 at 5-year intervals and calculated time-detrended stability indices for both grain production and yield. The results indicated that precipitation fluctuation during the crop-growing seasons and natural disasters significantly reduced both grain production and yield stability, while the effect of temperature fluctuation was less substantial. The negative impacts of nitrogen fertilizer application on grain stability highlighted the importance of considering and addressing ecological degradation; furthermore, interaction terms reveal that it underscores the vulnerability of grain production and yield stability to climate variability, particularly to precipitation fluctuation. By contrast, irrigation benefits grain stability by satisfying water demands and demonstrates a mitigating effect on risks from precipitation fluctuations. In addition, higher farmers' incomes strengthen their incentives for agricultural engagements, underscoring the critical role of agricultural subsidies and policy support. These findings provide scientific support for targeted management of agricultural inputs in response to climate fluctuations and for ensuring food security through a sustainable agriculture approach.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Crop-Livestock Integration in Urban Agriculture: Implication for Urban Food Security in Ghana","authors":"Jonathan Quaye,&nbsp;Faizal Adams,&nbsp;Amos Mensah,&nbsp;Ayat Ullah,&nbsp;Seth Euah,&nbsp;Emmanuel Donkor","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70100","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Urban food insecurity is increasingly common in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ghana, due to rapid population growth and urbanization. Urban agriculture (UA) is considered a strategic approach to reducing urban food insecurity. Although there is a growing body of research on urban agriculture, evidence on integrated urban crop-livestock farming systems is scarce. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by identifying the precursors of food security among urban households practicing different urban agriculture (UA) systems and analyzing the impact of integrated crop-livestock (ICL) systems on household food security in Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana. Our findings indicate that different sets of factors affect the food security of households practicing different urban agriculture systems. However, we observed that household income is negatively correlated with urban food insecurity across all forms of urban agriculture. Access to vacant land improves dietary diversity for households without farms, with crops, or those practicing integrated crop-livestock farming, while access to credit enhances dietary diversity for households without farms, with livestock, or integrated crop-livestock farming. The findings indicate that households practicing ICL farming systems have greater access to food and more diversified diets than households practicing other UA systems. The ICL farming system increases urban households' access to food by 84% compared to households without a farm, 48% compared to households with only crops, and 37% compared to households with only livestock. Households without land remain reliant on food purchases, which are impacted by rising costs. Furthermore, the ICL farming system enhances urban households' dietary diversity by 12%, 7.6%, and 16% compared to households without a farm, with only crops, or with only livestock, respectively. Therefore, the incorporation of ICL farming into urban planning is crucial for improving access to food and diversified diets.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70100","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144171807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological, Physiological, and Metabolic Responses of Diverse Barley Inbreds to Dry Down and Moderate Drought Stress","authors":"Asis Shrestha,&nbsp;Tobias König,&nbsp;Lena Adler Meikle,&nbsp;Philipp Westhoff,&nbsp;Alexander Erban,&nbsp;Benjamin Stich","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70102","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Drought stress alters the plant metabolism, physiology, and growth, and such responses might differ with the intensity of stress. We evaluated the genotypic diversity in plant morphology, photosynthetic responses, metabolite shift, and their relationship in 23 genetically diverse barley inbreds under control, dry down (DD), and moderate drought (MD) stress. DD triggered strong inhibition of photosynthetic health, while reducing plant size was the key strategy under MD stress. We observed that the induced changes under both stress scenarios occurred in a genotype-dependent manner. Compared to control conditions, the metabolism of simple sugars and polyhydroxy acids increased in MD and DD, while the maximum accumulation of amino acids, lipids, and phosphates occurred in DD stress. Accumulation of sugars and metabolites with unknown classification was the metabolic signature of drought-tolerant inbreds. Nevertheless, accumulation of a large pool of metabolites, including lipids, polyhydroxy acids, and amino acids in an inbred did not have a positive effect on drought tolerance and might be metabolically costly. The inbred plants’ tolerance to MD and DD originated from the semi-arid or sub-tropical regions, while drought-sensitive inbreds primarily came from temperate regions. Low stomata density, reduced water loss, and retarded growth under drought stress were the key features of inbreds with better survival capacity under severe dehydration. We identified drought-tolerant barley inbreds, and our study offers resources for future genetic research on various drought tolerance strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melatonin and L-Cysteine Desulfhydrase: Unraveling Hydrogen Sulfide Signaling for Drought Tolerance in Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum)","authors":"Qadam Shah Muslemyar,&nbsp;Cengiz Kaya","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70103","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Drought stress poses a significant threat to wheat production worldwide by impairing physiological and biochemical processes, necessitating innovative approaches to enhance crop resilience. This study explores the role of L-cysteine desulfhydrase (L-DES), a key enzyme involved in hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) production, in mediating melatonin-induced drought tolerance in bread wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.). Wheat plants were treated with 0.10 mM melatonin prior to drought induction, with water availability maintained at 80% (well-watered) or 40% (drought-stressed) of field capacity. Drought stress led to a significant decline in plant biomass, photosynthetic efficiency (Fv/Fm), chlorophyll content, and relative water content, while simultaneously increasing oxidative stress markers including hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), malondialdehyde (MDA), and electrolyte leakage, indicating severe cellular damage. Melatonin application mitigated drought-induced oxidative damage by enhancing antioxidant defense mechanisms, scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS), and reducing lipid peroxidation. It also maintained photosynthetic efficiency by preserving chlorophyll content and stabilizing photosystem II activity. Additionally, melatonin upregulated glyoxalase system enzymes (Gly I and Gly II) to detoxify methylglyoxal and increased L-DES activity and endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) levels, thereby improving osmotic balance and stress tolerance. The critical role of L-DES was confirmed using DL-propargylglycine (PAG), an L-DES inhibitor, which significantly suppressed melatonin's protective effects. However, co-treatment with sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS), an H₂S donor, reversed PAG's inhibition, highlighting the indispensable role of L-DES and H₂S in enhancing melatonin-induced drought resilience. This study establishes melatonin as a promising bio-stimulant for sustainable wheat production in arid regions and elucidates the interplay between L-DES activity and H₂S signaling in enhancing drought tolerance mechanisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Civil Conflicts and Household Food Expenditure Patterns: Evidence From Ghana","authors":"Edward Martey,&nbsp;Frank Adusah-Poku,&nbsp;Justina Adwoa Onumah,&nbsp;Prince M. Etwire","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70098","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study employs panel survey data combined with geo-coded information on household locations and civil conflict to examine the relationship between civil conflict and per capita food expenditure. Utilizing the panel structure and applying fixed effects models, the analysis shows that civil conflict and fatality rates significantly reduce per capita expenditure on home-produced food more than on purchased food (29% and 11%, respectively). Further disaggregation reveals that the negative effect of fatalities is more pronounced for per capita expenditure on both nutrient-dense and less nutrient-dense purchased foods, compared to their home-produced counterparts. Furthermore, our findings indicate that the diminishing effect of fatalities on expenditure for purchased and home-produced food remains robust across alternative estimation methods and varies across gender, age cohort, and landholding status. Importantly, maize price variability emerges as a key mechanism through which fatalities reduce households' consumption of both market-sourced and home-produced diets. The insights from this study provide policymakers and development practitioners with actionable strategies to strengthen household resilience in food consumption during post-crisis recovery. These findings also contribute to efforts toward achieving Sustainable Development Goal 2 (Zero Hunger) and Goal 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions).</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Hydrogen Sulfide and 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Synergistically Enhance Drought Tolerance in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70099","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70099","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Kaya, C. and Uğurlar, F. (2024), Hydrogen Sulfide and 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Synergistically Enhance Drought Tolerance in Tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i> L.). <i>Food and Energy Security</i>, 13:e70007. https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70007</p><p>The authors regret that an error occurred in Figure 1B of the originally published article. The incorrect version of Figure 1B was inadvertently included. The correct version of Figure 1B is now provided.</p><p>This correction does not affect the results, discussion, or conclusions presented in the article.</p><p>The authors apologize for any inconvenience this may have caused.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085069","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing Technology for a Sustainable Production Future: Unveiling the Role of Digitalization, Geography, and Agricultural & Industrial Sectoral Dynamics","authors":"Umer Shahzad,&nbsp;Changhong Miao","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70090","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Technological innovation has emerged as a crucial driver of sustainable productivity in high-income countries over the past five decades. Despite this, limited focus has been placed on achieving deep decarbonization and understanding the specific contributions of digitalization to enhance sustainable development. To fill this gap, our study explores the impact of the digitalization and geography nexus with sectoral factors, including agriculture and industry, in driving sustainable development from 1995 to 2022 in 67 high-income countries. Utilizing the augmented mean group (AMG) estimator, a two-step system generalized method of moments (GMM) model, and threshold effects to span both high and low levels of sustainable development. The results indicate that digitalization, geography, industrial, and agricultural expansion are significantly embedded in improving sustainable development. However, the interaction between digitalization and geography shows a diminishing effect, while digitalization's correlation with the agriculture and industrial sectors significantly boosts sustainable development. Furthermore, the outcomes of the threshold effects illustrate how digitalization is required to adapt and evolve across different levels of sustainable development within the geography, industrial, and agricultural sectors. Policymakers should invest in digital infrastructure and literacy, particularly in disadvantaged areas, to address the diminishing effects of digitalization on geography. Integrating advanced technologies into agriculture and industry can boost productivity and sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144091316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Losses in Agricultural Produce: Causes and Effects on Food Security","authors":"Feizollah Shahbazi,&nbsp;Saba Shahbazi,&nbsp;Dariush Zare","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70086","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Losses in agricultural produce have significant social, economic, and environmental implications. Despite efforts to increase yields, inadequate pre-and post-harvest practices often lead to losses and threaten food security. These losses also waste crucial resources like water, soil, and energy utilized in crop production. Minimizing agricultural produce losses is more crucial and cost-effective than simply increasing production. Understanding the factors that influence losses, the locations where they occur, and the types of losses that take place is key to developing effective control strategies. Specialized research and analysis are necessary for this purpose. Raising public awareness about the causes and prevention of agricultural produce losses is crucial. The review aimed to understand losses in agricultural produce emphasize the importance of efficient management strategies and seek improved solutions to reduce losses across the supply chain. The review is anticipated to provide valuable insights into the complex nature of agricultural produce losses and their impact on food security. The review focused on the losses in agricultural produce by looking at the different types of losses, their causes, and when they occur in the production process. It also evaluated the necessary services and infrastructure to reduce these losses at various stages. Additionally, the review highlighted the social and economic benefits of minimizing agricultural losses, including enhanced food security, decreased financial losses, and the promotion of a more sustainable agricultural system.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70086","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144085509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}