Food and Energy Security最新文献

{"title":"Livestock Farming Adoption in Rural Bangladesh: Determinants and Impacts on Household Income and Women's Dietary Diversity","authors":"Toma Deb Nath,&nbsp;Arindam Biswas,&nbsp;Sheikh Faruk Ahmed","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70074","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The crucial role of women in livestock farming is widely recognized, bringing multiple benefits such as increased household income, fostering stability, and improved nutrition security for women. Thus, the current study investigated the determinants and impacts of livestock farming adoption on household income and women's dietary diversity. To achieve the objectives, a survey was conducted among 367 women farmers residing in four villages located in the Mymensingh district of Bangladesh. Both the double hurdle model and the Tobit econometric model were employed to determine the determinants of livestock farming adoption. To evaluate the impact of adopting livestock farming, the study utilized three treatment effect estimators: regression adjustment, inverse probability weighting, and inverse probability weighting regression adjustment. The findings revealed that factors including education, family labor, training experience, credit access, extension contacts, distance from the extension office, and mobile ownership had a significant influence on the adoption of livestock farming. The treatment effect model showed that women who had adopted livestock farming had higher household income, ranging from 88.38% to 94.55%, as well as a higher level of dietary diversity, ranging from 56.03% to 66.38%, compared to non-adopters. Therefore, in order to promote the growth of livestock farming in the study area, governmental and non-governmental organizations should reinforce their efforts by emphasizing the determinants influencing the adoption process. Moreover, to inspire women and drive higher adoption rates in livestock farming, the provision of readily available and accessible motivational training and extension services should be enhanced.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70074","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Farmers' Adoption of Newly Released Climate-Resilient Rice Varieties in the Coastal Ecosystem of Bangladesh: Effectiveness of a Head-To-Head Adaptive Trial","authors":"Tahmina Akter,&nbsp;Md. Safiul Islam Afrad,&nbsp;Muhammad Ashraful Habib,&nbsp;Yating Zhang,&nbsp;Md Abdur Rouf Sarkar,&nbsp;Swati Nayak,&nbsp;Xiaodi Qin,&nbsp;Andrew M. McKenzie,&nbsp;Mohammed Zia Uddin Kamal","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70075","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The adoption of newly released rice varieties in Bangladesh remains slow, particularly in coastal ecosystems, where multiple stressors reduce productivity. Limited knowledge transfer on climate-resilient varieties has led farmers to favor traditional cultivars over newer ones. Head-to-Head Adaptive Trials (HHATs) were introduced to promote the dissemination of improved varieties, but their effectiveness has not been fully assessed. This study evaluates farmers' trait preferences, varietal selection criteria, adoption patterns, key determinants, and the impact of HHATs on varietal adoption in coastal Bangladesh. HHATs were conducted in 2021–2022 and 2022–2023, with data collected from April to June 2023. Using purposive sampling, 50 participant farmers were selected, while 150 neighboring farmers were systematically sampled based on geographic proximity. Findings indicate that yield, taste, and resilience to salinity and drought were the most important traits influencing varietal selection. While farmers valued the superior grain quality and resilience of newer varieties, concerns over yield consistency and climate adaptability led many to continue adopting older varieties. HHATs created spillover effects, encouraging broader adoption among neighboring farmers. Education, farming as a primary occupation, income, commercial farming, extension services, training, social networks, seed access, grain quality, varietal resilience, and market price significantly influenced adoption, while age, low soil fertility, high input costs, and large landholdings were barriers. Propensity score matching analysis confirmed that HHATs increased adoption rates by 11.25%–17.71%, though limited seed distribution hindered widespread adoption. The study highlights the need for targeted policy measures to enhance seed access, extension services, and farmer support to scale up the adoption of climate-resilient rice varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143726897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in Salinity Tolerance of Soybean: Molecular Mechanism and Breeding Strategy","authors":"Shuangzhe Li,&nbsp;Le Xu,&nbsp;Yitong Li,&nbsp;Ahmed Waqar,&nbsp;Zhenbang Hu,&nbsp;Mingliang Yang,&nbsp;Ying Zhao,&nbsp;Zhaoming Qi,&nbsp;Qingshan Chen,&nbsp;Limin Hu","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70073","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Soil salinization is a substantial environmental stressor that limits plant growth and development. Soil salinization has, therefore, emerged as a substantial barrier to crop production, particularly affecting soybean production in arable regions. Cultivating soybean varieties with high salt tolerance is an efficient approach for improving soybean production on arable land with soil salinization. The growth and development of soybean plants exposed to salt stress involve numerous physical and molecular regulation networks. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying soybean salt tolerance is a prerequisite for improving the salt tolerance of current soybean varieties or for breeding new soybean varieties with higher salt tolerance. This review provides a general overview of recent knowledge that may help to understand the molecular mechanisms of soybean responses to salt stress and discusses the potential challenges in salt-tolerant soybean breeding, as well as possible strategies. We emphasize the importance of different genetic resources, especially wild soybeans, for mining new advantageous alleles. Additionally, pyramiding superior alleles and genome editing technologies are excellent tools for accelerating the cultivation of salt-tolerant soybeans.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70073","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143698853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enabling Smallholders to Stabilize Wheat Yields Sustainably With Knowledge-Perception-Social Capital","authors":"Wei Jiang,&nbsp;Donasius Pathera,&nbsp;Xinxin Zhang,&nbsp;Yu Yan,&nbsp;Yajuan Li,&nbsp;Xiaoqiang Jiao","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70066","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Improving smallholders' motivation is very crucial to meet the escalating food demand within the constraints of sustainable agriculture. Although knowledge, perceived capacity, and social capital for sustainable production was acknowledged, the precise mechanisms of their interplay to promote smallholders stable yield increased sustainably remain inadequately understood. Therefore, we conducted an in-depth investigation involving 282 farmers in the North China Plain stratified into low-yielding (LF), medium-yielding (MF), and high-yielding (HF) groups to address the issue. The pivotal role played by integration of improved agronomic practice, farmer perception, and social capital for sustainable yield increased. The transition from LF to MF necessitates the enhancement of farmers' perception, while progressing from MF to HF entails fortifying social capital. This suggests that farmer group evolution from low to medium and high-yielding is realized by amalgamated technology, enhanced perception, and reinforced social capital. This study provides both practical foundations and theoretical underpinnings for smallholder sustainable development.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70066","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adapting Wheat Production to Global Warming in West Asia: Facultative Wheat Outperforms Winter and Spring Wheat at Conventional Nitrogen Levels","authors":"Afsaneh Yousefi,&nbsp;Alireza Koocheki,&nbsp;Mehdi Nassiri Mahallati,&nbsp;Soroor Khorramdel,&nbsp;Jonas Trenz,&nbsp;Ali Malakshahi Kurdestani,&nbsp;Uwe Ludewig,&nbsp;Niels Julian Maywald","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70072","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global warming and weather anomalies pose significant threats to cereal production in West Asia. Winter wheat, which requires vernalization to trigger reproductive growth, is particularly vulnerable to heat, while spring wheat faces limitations due to short and hot vegetation periods. Facultative wheat, which does not require vernalization and can be planted in either fall or spring, offers potential flexibility and resilience to fluctuating temperatures. This study aimed to evaluate the development and grain yield of facultative, spring, and winter wheat varieties under different nitrogen fertilization rates in current climate conditions. Facultative wheat, grown as either facultative winter (FWW) or facultative spring (FSW), along with winter (WW) and spring wheat (SW) varieties, was cultivated over two consecutive seasons (2020–2022) at Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran. Developmental stages were monitored, and grain yield, protein, and nutrient concentrations were measured at four nitrogen levels (0, 100, 200, and 300 kg N ha⁻¹) in both shoots and grains. Crop modeling under the RCP 8.5 climate scenario supported the experiments and projections. Facultative wheat sown in autumn exhibited a shorter tillering stage and a longer early reproductive stage compared to winter wheat. While nitrogen fertilization delayed development, it significantly increased yield. Facultative wheat achieved higher grain yields at conventional nitrogen levels (100–200 kg N ha⁻¹). Additionally, increasing nitrogen fertilization improved grain protein and nutrient concentrations (N, P, and K). Crop modeling indicated that facultative varieties sown in winter could offer greater yield stability and might benefit from a more consistent phenological development. Overall, facultative wheat performed better at conventional nitrogen levels, highlighting its potential in a changing climate in West Asia. Optimizing sowing dates and nitrogen fertilization could help mitigate some of the negative effects of rising temperatures, enhancing wheat resilience and productivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70072","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143595098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Farming Systems Improve the Income of Small Farm Holdings—An Overview of Earlier Findings in the Indian Context","authors":"M. Venkata Ramana,&nbsp;Ch. Pragathi Kumari,&nbsp;Rayapati Karthik,&nbsp;Md. Alibaba,&nbsp;G. Kiran Reddy,&nbsp;K. Chiranjeevi,&nbsp;M. Santhosh Kumar,&nbsp;M. Sharath Chandra,&nbsp;N. Ravisankar,&nbsp;Rajan Bhatt,&nbsp;Ahmed Gaber,&nbsp;Akbar Hossain","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70064","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cultivation of cereal-based cropping systems is the focus of marginal plus small farmers in India, who face high risks from climatic anomalies such as floods and droughts. Marginal and small farmers who are resource-poor and risk-prone to a variety of situations are practically illiterate, have financial difficulties, and have small, dispersed properties that are not fit for high-tech agricultural apparatuses. Farming itself became nonprofit over time because of rising costs and uneconomical holding sizes due to fragmentation of land holdings and resource degradation, which posed a grave threat to agriculture's ability to remain sustainable. In terms of Indian agriculture, large-scale urbanization, industrial development, and infrastructure growth have made it necessary to focus on vertical growth rather than horizontal expansion. To address such challenges, there has been broad recognition of the importance of employing farming systems approaches in research. The cultivation of cropping systems with orchard crops and livestock components can play a significant role in the optimal utilization of resources, enhancing energy use efficiency as well as the eco-efficiency index, and reducing carbon footprints. To satisfy the dietary requirements of a household, including food (grains, oilseeds, pulses, dairy products, fruit, honey, fish meat, etc.), feed and fodder for animals, and fuel and fibre for everyday use, attention must be given to the Integrated Farming System which not only satisfies household needs but also enriches the diets of both humans and animals while simultaneously protecting people from the risks of residual toxicity of the chemicals used in agriculture on a large scale. Additionally, the model's diversity gives unemployed rural young people a significant number of work options. In the review, we discuss the potential of the IFS with respect to profitability, resource recycling, and the creation of employment, which benefits small farm holdings in the Indian context.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70064","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143581561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating Wheat Lodging Through Varietal Selection and Nitrogen Management","authors":"Farooq Shah,&nbsp;Zhaojie Li,&nbsp;Mingqing Fu,&nbsp;Changjiang Li,&nbsp;Wei Wu","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70071","url":null,"abstract":"<p>For greater crop yields, farmers frequently use high-yielding varieties and apply more nitrogen, both enhancing the risk of crop lodging. To better understand the tradeoff between high yield and lodging, a diverse set of 15 wheat varieties was tested under two nitrogen application rates (75 and 225 kg N ha⁻¹). Significant variations ranging from 2.60 to 6.90 t ha⁻¹ were observed in grain yield. The lodging index also varied tremendously from 118% to 537% during the two growing seasons. The higher nitrogen application rate increased grain yield, spike number per m⁻², grain number per spike, and grain weight by 17.2%, 8.0%, 5%, and 3.2%, respectively, than the lower rate. Meanwhile, it also increased the lodging index (8.60%), breaking resistance (11.1%), and bending moment (20.5%). The grain yield showed a positive correlation with the lodging index and bending moment and a negative correlation with breaking resistance. The study concludes that remarkable variations exist among the currently grown wheat varieties regarding grain yield and resistance to lodging. Moreover, a higher grain yield, whether due to the genetic superiority of the cultivar or a higher rate of nitrogen fertilizer, was mostly accompanied by an increased susceptibility to lodging. Nevertheless, genotypes with shorter plants, minimum length and dry weight of the third internode, and greater breaking resistance exhibited higher lodging resistance. Meanwhile, the percent increase in grain yield under higher nitrogen levels compared to lower was more than the percent increase in lodging index and can be thus recommended to growers after assessing its environmental implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70071","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatial Patterns and Determinants of Agricultural Resilience: Evidence From Senegal","authors":"Mohammad Tirgariseraji,&nbsp;A. Pouyan Nejadhashemi,&nbsp;Ignacio Ciampitti,&nbsp;P. V. Vara Prasad","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70070","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The undesirable consequences of climate change on crop yields threaten the resiliency of farmers' livelihoods in climate-vulnerable regions. Assessing the resilience of agrifood systems to climate and non-climate hazards helps identify solutions for ensuring the sustainability of farming households. The literature review indicates that a knowledge gap remains in interpreting outputs generated by procedures under various study-specific conditions. A review of selected articles from 1547 documents on resilience among Senegalese farmers identified relevant indices representing farmers' resilience from nine studies, resulting in 83 observations for the resilience index and control variables. This study utilized spatial meta-data and survival regression analysis to examine the effects of regional interactions, shock types, and factor selection on measured resilience through the following phases: (1) Organizing the meta-data, (2) specifying eight meta-regression models to assess bias from regional data variations and the interaction effect of sample size, (3) converting meta-data to survival data to analyze resilience failure exposure and time-to-event failure, and (4) regressing the shock types and agroecological zone conditions on the outcomes from phase three. The results indicated that the “climate hazard” shock, “COVID-19” shock, and “seed diversity effect” were the primary contributors to the highest failure of resilience capacity. The spatial lag significantly affected resilience magnitude. Accounting for the spatial lag changed the negative effect to a positive effect for variables representing different shock types. For example, when accounting for the spatial lag, the impact of “climate hazard” and “other shock sources” shifted compared to the “COVID-19” shock, indicating that their influence on resilience capacity changed direction. The effect of shock-type variables on resilience failure exposure was significant, regardless of whether the shock sources remained constant or changed. The findings emphasize the need for policy considerations regarding measurement procedures, regional factors, and shock-specific interventions to avoid overestimation or underestimation of resilience. For instance, resilience measurement procedures should be improved by distinguishing between permanent and temporary shocks, as well as by considering the vulnerability of interacting regions in comparison to isolated regions. Failure to incorporate these factors may result in an overestimation of resilience for “non-climate” shocks.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70070","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143554555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Is the Limit of Vertical Farming Productivity?","authors":"Sebastian Eichelsbacher,&nbsp;Claudia R. Luksch,&nbsp;Gerd Patrick Bienert,&nbsp;Thomas D. Alcock,&nbsp;Kathy Steppe,&nbsp;Leo F. M. Marcelis,&nbsp;Francesco Orsini,&nbsp;Eva Rosenqvist,&nbsp;Hans Lambers,&nbsp;Erik Runkle,&nbsp;Tracy Lawson,&nbsp;Senthold Asseng","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70061","url":null,"abstract":"<p>With the possibility of co-optimizing all growth factors in vertical farming, such systems could contribute to future food supply, but the potential productivity is unknown. Analyzing 171 publications with 1403 data points across 10 crop categories from controlled-environment experiments revealed major productivity variation among and within crop species. Potato produced the most edible dry mass of 33 g m⁻² day⁻¹, 28 times more per layer than open-field cultivation. High planting density crops generally showed a high productivity, while crops with longer life cycles were less productive considering time and space. The limits of productivity, defined as the points at which optimizing growth factors return no further benefit, remain uncertain. Uncovering this limit requires systematic, standardized, and scalable controlled-environment experiments across crop types.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70061","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Strategies Are Effective to Support Food Security in Slow-Onset Disasters? A Mixed-Method Systematic Review of the Literature","authors":"Hiep N. Le,&nbsp;Ernesta Sofija,&nbsp;Neil Harris,&nbsp;Reny Noviasty,&nbsp;Thu Nguyen,&nbsp;Hai Phung","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70065","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Having access to food is a human entitlement and one of the essential goals of the sustainable development agenda. Despite growing concern about the impact of slow-onset disasters on food security, most interventions have primarily targeted sudden-onset disasters. As such, there has been limited attention to understanding the effectiveness of adaptation strategies in safeguarding food security during disaster events. The aim of this research was to synthesize all existing evidence on the effectiveness of adaptation strategies in addressing food insecurity during gradual-onset disasters. This study employs Hadley et al.'s food security framework to examine the effectiveness of existing adaptation strategies in mitigating food insecurity concerns during slow-onset disasters. A mixed-method systematic review was conducted using five electronic databases up to July 2023 and followed the guidelines regarding the convergent segregated approach to synthesize the findings. The review showed that most studies (94.1%) focused on drought, neglecting other slow-onset disasters. The strategies mostly focused on ensuring the availability and accessibility of food while giving little attention to food utilization. Most food security components have somewhat identified their effectiveness, except for food safety, with no studies exploring it. Findings from the mixed-methods approach also highlight the double-edged effects of adaptation strategies and the notable absence of reliable intervention evidence using randomized controlled trials. It is crucial for future research to broaden the scope to include the less studied types of slow-onset disasters. Emphasizing neglected and underutilized species, along with food safety aspects, might unveil novel approaches to boost food utilization in fluctuating climates. Given the heterogeneous nature of slow-onset disaster impacts, it is important to explore these dynamic and context-specific aspects of adaptation strategies in different conditions. Utilizing methods like randomized controlled trials in future research will enhance the evidence base.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70065","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143535836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}