Food and Energy Security最新文献

{"title":"Circular Solutions Centered on Biochar Could Improve the Carbon Footprint of Coffee With Co-Benefits","authors":"Brenton Ladd,&nbsp;Gerard Cornelissen,&nbsp;Erlend Sørmo,&nbsp;Roberto Ortiz,&nbsp;Ruy Anaya de la Rosa,&nbsp;Nils Borchard","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70134","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Annually, coffee results in the emission of at least 90 million tons of CO₂-equivalents. Here we provide a brief overview of the coffee export preparation process, with a focus on key sources of carbon emissions linked to production and transportation. We then present a road map that has the potential to significantly reduce the climate impact of coffee. We focus on the decarbonization of logistics and the production of biochar and other organic fertilizers from waste biomass. Together, these strategies could neutralize almost 3 million tons of CO₂-equivalents annually. Finally, this analysis highlights current knowledge gaps and areas where further mitigation of greenhouse gases might be possible.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70134","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Greenhouse Farming Adoption: Determinants and Impacts on Dietary Diversity, Food Consumption and Insecurity in Ghana","authors":"Enoch Owusu-Sekyere,&nbsp;Dora Akpene Torsu,&nbsp;Shaibu Mellon Bedi,&nbsp;Victor Owusu,&nbsp;Abiodun A. Ogundeji,&nbsp;Gideon Danso-Abbeam","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70137","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Food and nutrition insecurity remains a pressing challenge in many emerging economies. This study examines the heterogeneous impacts of greenhouse farming (GHF) on household food insecurity, dietary diversity, and food consumption in Ghana. Using survey data from 400 vegetable-producing households and applying marginal and policy-relevant treatment effect (MTE and PRTE) models, the analysis reveals significant heterogeneity in gains from GHF, shaped by both observable and unobservable household characteristics. Overall, GHF adoption is associated with increased dietary diversity and food consumption, as well as reduced food insecurity. The PRTE estimates indicate that improving farmers' access to produce markets could raise household dietary diversity and food consumption by 42% and 41%, respectively, while lowering food insecurity by 25%. By quantifying both the heterogeneous impacts of GHF and the role of market access, this study provides new evidence on how climate-smart agricultural technologies can enhance household nutrition and food security in sub-Saharan Africa.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70137","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145038266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “Glutathione-Induced Hydrogen Sulfide Enhances Drought Tolerance in Sweet Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70136","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Kaya, C., and F. Uğurlar 2024. “Glutathione-Induced Hydrogen Sulfide Enhances Drought Tolerance in Sweet Pepper (<i>Capsicum annuum</i> L.).” <i>Food and Energy Security</i> 13: e559. https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.559.</p><p>In the published version of the above article, the authors noticed an error in <b>Figure 1b,c</b>. The incorrect version of Figure 1b,c was inadvertently included. The corrected version of Figure 1b,c are provided below.</p><p>In <b>Section 3.1, “Impact of GSH on visual symptoms and canopy temperature under water stress,”</b> the reported canopy temperature values were inconsistent with the corrected Figure 1c. To show the minor nature of the correction, both the original and corrected sentences are provided:</p><p>\u0000 <i>Original sentence:</i>\u0000 </p><p>“In particular, the foliar temperatures of the water-stressed plants rose from 30.7°C to 34.6°C. GSH application alone or combined with NaHS reduced the canopy temperature to 32.4 and 31.7°C, respectively. However, when HT pre-treatment was combined with GSH, it led to an increase in canopy temperature to 34.1°C, while the application of NaHS in conjunction with GSH + HT nullified the effect of HT, resulting in a reduction of canopy temperature to 32.6°C.”</p><p>\u0000 <i>Corrected sentence:</i>\u0000 </p><p>“In particular, the foliar temperatures of the water-stressed plants rose from <b>29.2°</b>C to <b>33.1</b>°C. GSH application alone or combined with NaHS reduced the canopy temperature to <b>30.7</b>°C and <b>29.7</b>°C, respectively. However, when HT pre-treatment was combined with GSH, it led to an increase in canopy temperature to <b>33.5</b>°C, while the application of NaHS in conjunction with GSH + HT nullified the effect of HT, resulting in a reduction of canopy temperature to <b>30.5</b>°C.”</p><p>These corrections do <b>not</b> affect the results, interpretations, or conclusions presented in the article.</p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70136","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to ‘Study With Agricultural System Resilience and Agro-Ecological Efficiency Synergistic Evolutionary in China’","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70129","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Qiao G., F. Chen, C. Xu, Y. Li, D. Zhang. 2024. Study With Agricultural System Resilience and Agro-Ecological Efficiency Synergistic Evolutionary in China. <i>Food and Energy Security</i>. 13: e514. https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.514.</p><p>In the published version of the above article, the author would like to make the following changes.</p><p>In the interpretation of Equation (11) in the last paragraph of Section 3.2.1 ‘Sequential Parameter Judgement’ on page 10, the conversion of the raw <i>d</i>-value to the analysed <i>d</i>-value is not explicitly stated.</p><p>The raw <i>d</i>-value output from Equation (11) is a value within the range of value domain [0, +∞), and the smaller its value characterises the higher degree of system synergy. The subsequent empirical analysis is actually used by the forward normalisation of the <i>d</i>-value, which has been converted to the value of the value domain (0, 1], when the larger the value indicates a higher degree of synergy.</p><p>On page 10 of 19, the last paragraph of Section 3.2.1, the text ‘Where <i>d</i> is the synergy value, a large value of indicates a low level of synergy, while the opposite is a high level of synergy. The value of <i>d</i> is then forwarded to obtain the synergy score of the composite system of agricultural resilience and eco-efficiency in China from 2001 to 2020’. was inadequate. This should have read:</p><p>‘Where <i>d</i> represents the synergy value, the larger the <i>d</i> value output by Equation (11), the lower the degree of synergy. The original <i>d</i> value theoretically has no upper bound and the value domain is [0, +∞). In order to facilitate the analysis, it is assumed that <i>d</i>_max and <i>d</i>_min as the maximum and minimum values of the observed samples, based on the data characteristics of the output value of Equation (11), the paper uses (<i>d</i>_max × 1.05 − <i>d</i>)/(<i>d</i>_max × 1.05 − <i>d</i>_min × 0.95) for the forward normalisation. The raw <i>d</i> value directly output from Equation (11) was converted into a positive value in the interval of value domain (0, 1] to evaluate the synergy score of the composite system of agricultural resilience and eco-efficiency in China from 2001 to 2020. The analyses of the subsequent studies were based on the <i>d</i>-values after treatment with the forward normalisation method’.</p><p>We apologise for this omission and any misunderstanding.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70129","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global Climate Suitability and Economic Risks of the Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda to Key Crops in Brazil","authors":"George Correa Amaro,&nbsp;Owusu Fordjour Aidoo,&nbsp;Philipe Guilherme Corcino Souza,&nbsp;Eunice Stella Nyarko,&nbsp;Kwame Adjei-Mantey,&nbsp;Lakpo Koku Agboyi,&nbsp;Roger Sigismund Anderson,&nbsp;Frederick Leo Sossah,&nbsp;Marcelo Coutinho Picanço,&nbsp;Ricardo Siqueira da Silva","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70120","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Invasive species represent a growing threat to global food security and biodiversity. Integrating species distribution modeling with economic impact assessment enables the development of targeted, evidence-based strategies to mitigate these threats. In this study, we estimate global habitat suitability and associated economic risks posed by the invasive fall armyworm (<i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i>) to key crops in Brazil. Habitat suitability was modeled under Shared Socioeconomic Pathways (SSPs 245, 370, and 585) across three future timeframes (2030s, 2050s, and 2070s). The results indicate a consistent expansion of climatically suitable areas for <i>S. frugiperda</i> through the 2070s under all scenarios. The most important environmental variables shaping its distribution were the precipitation of the wettest quarter, mean temperature of the warmest quarter, elevation, and isothermality. Our economic risk mapping in Brazil identified soybean and corn production areas as the most vulnerable to <i>S. frugiperda</i> infestation, reflecting their extensive cultivation in regions with high climate suitability for <i>S. frugiperda</i>. These findings provide critical insights for developing adaptive strategies to reduce the future impact of <i>S. frugiperda</i> on agricultural productivity and food security.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Multidimensional Impacts of Farmer-Based Organizations on Smallholder Welfare in Pakistan","authors":"Awais Jabbar,&nbsp;Tian Ye,&nbsp;Jin Huang,&nbsp;Wei Liu,&nbsp;Jian Zhang,&nbsp;Haoyan Cheng,&nbsp;Qun Wu,&nbsp;Jianchao Peng,&nbsp;Haile Ketema","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70128","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Farmer-based organizations (FBOs) play a crucial role in knowledge exchange, capacity building, resource access, and advocacy, thereby contributing to the well-being of smallholder farmers. Existing evidence on the welfare outcomes of FBO participation has largely focused on conventional measures such as income, crop yield, and resource management. However, farmer well-being is multidimensional, encompassing not only economic outcomes but also resilience and social inclusion. This study addresses this gap by incorporating broader welfare indicators—food security, credit access, and livelihood diversification—to capture the full benefits of FBO participation. The study is based on primary survey data collected from 500 smallholder farming households in Punjab, Pakistan, collected via systematic random sampling to test the posited aims. The research employs propensity score matching (PSM) and inverse probability weighted regression adjustment (IPWRA) to estimate the welfare effects of FBO participation. Logit estimates from the PSM model highlight the importance of extension access, peer influence, and tenure security in shaping farmers' decisions to join FBOs. Results from both PSM and IPWRA models consistently show that FBO membership yields significant welfare gains. Specifically, participation improves the Food Consumption Score, promotes livelihood diversification, and enhances access to credit. The findings demonstrate the potential of structured collective action to foster multidimensional rural development. Strengthening and supporting FBOs should therefore be a priority for governments and development agencies as a means to enhance food security, improve financial inclusion, and diversify rural livelihoods, ultimately building resilience and reducing vulnerability among farming households.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70128","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145012343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Towards Sustainable Solutions: Climate Change and Food Security in a Globalized World","authors":"Tanzeel Ur Rahman,&nbsp;Ahmad Faraz,&nbsp;Taufiq Nawaz,&nbsp;Shah Saud,&nbsp;Shah Fahad,&nbsp;Matthew Tom Harrison","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70126","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Food security hinges on the complex interactions between our environment and human activities, influencing everything from how food is produced to how it is consumed. In today's globalized world, food systems play a crucial role in determining not only the availability and affordability of food but also its nutritional quality and safety. However, these systems are under increasing stress from various challenges, including climate change, economic inequalities, and urbanization. Climate change affects food security in numerous ways; altering rainfall patterns can lead to droughts or floods, while changing temperatures can impact growing seasons. The effects are not uniform across the globe. For instance, in southern Africa, climate change is a primary driver of food insecurity, posing both ongoing challenges and sudden crises. In contrast, regions like the Indo-Gangetic Plain in India face different issues, such as labor shortages and water quality, which can sometimes overshadow climate impacts. Adapting food systems to meet these challenges is vital, but it is a complex task shaped by various socio-economic factors. Improving food production and distribution is essential for building resilience, but we must also ensure that these changes promote sustainability. Agriculture significantly contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, making it crucial to develop policies that not only adapt to climate change but also mitigate its effects. By tackling these connected challenges together, we can build a safer and more sustainable food future for everyone.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70126","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Income Diversity and the Food Security Nexus: Tea Garden Workers in Maulvibazar District, Bangladesh","authors":"Akhi Das Gupta,&nbsp;Jiban Krishna Saha,&nbsp;Md. Rashid Ahmed","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70125","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ensuring household food security is a growing concern in developing countries. Tea workers in Bangladesh are one of the vulnerable groups that lack access to basic needs and suffer from food insecurity. This study examines the impact of income diversity on the food security of tea workers' households in Bangladesh. The Simpson's Index of Diversity (SID) was used to determine income diversity, and the Food Security Index (FSI) was employed to measure food security by surveying 200 tea workers' households in the Sreemangal Upazila of Maulvibazar district. SID values uncover that over one-third of tea workers' households do not diversify their income. However, nearly one-fifth of them have low-level income diversification, while about two-fifths of households have moderate diversity, and around one-tenth have moderately high income diversity. Based on binary logistic regression, the findings revealed that tea workers' households are more likely to be food secure with moderately diversified income than those with no income diversity. Notably, the likelihood of being food secure for female-headed households is nearly double that for male-headed households. Similarly, tea workers' households are more likely to be food secure with moderately high income diversity than those who do not diversify their income. The effect in that case is significantly higher for male-headed households than the insignificant effect in female-headed households. Moreover, educated, employed, and livestock and poultry asset-raising tea workers' households are greatly protected from food insecurity. Therefore, the study recommends diversifying income and enhancing the scope of livestock and poultry raising, as well as educational facilities, to reduce food insecurity and improve the living standards of tea garden workers in Bangladesh.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70125","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144927510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transitioning From Soil-Based to Soil-Foliar Hybrid Application for Nitrogen Fertilizers Offers Energy-Saving and Use-Efficiency Benefits","authors":"Ajay Kumar Bhardwaj,&nbsp;Kapil Malik,&nbsp;Manu Rani,&nbsp;Ashwani Kumar,&nbsp;Sunita Devi,&nbsp;Naresh Kumar,&nbsp;Raj Kumar,&nbsp;Anita Mann,&nbsp;Parvender Sheoran,&nbsp;Uttam Kumar Mandal,&nbsp;Rajender Kumar Yadav","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70109","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nitrogen (N) is the most important nutrient for crop plants to achieve their yield potential, yet it is also recognized as a major pollutant of the environment due to often-excessive N-fertilizer use. The world has been struggling for decades to improve N use efficiency (NUE) beyond 50%. Nano-nitrogen, a nanoparticle-based liquid N-fertilizer, has been reported to improve crop yield, yet any gain in NUE is uncertain. Field and controlled tests on the usage of nano-nitrogen in rice(scented)-wheat systems and its impact on crop yield, growth responses, and NUE were conducted to ascertain this. The study included 10 strategies for the integration of nano-nitrogen with the conventional practice of prilled urea, including four with varying degrees of replacement of soil-applied prilled urea by foliar applied nano-nitrogen (33%, 50%, 66%, and 100%), two with augmentation using additional inputs (micronutrients, and sea-weed fertilizer), and two with sensor-based fertilizer scheduling using leaf color chart (LCC) and greenseeker (GS). The controls included ‘100% prilled urea’ (R0; no replacement) and ‘no N fertilizer at all’ (No-N). Replacing prilled urea with foliar applied nano-nitrogen up to 33% in the rice-wheat system [2 soil applications of prilled urea (2/3rd of currently recommended fertilizer) and 1 foliar application of nano-nitrogen (3 mL per liter)] was found to significantly improve achievable NUE. Up to 33% replacement of conventionally used prilled urea by nano-nitrogen (2 soil-1 foliar scenario) did not significantly affect grain yield as well as N yield for the rice-wheat cropping system; however, it saved 80 kg N application, which translates to 4848 MJ energy saving per hectare in the rice (scented)-wheat cropping system. Augmentation with seaweed fertilizer, biofertilizer, and micronutrients further improved yield and energy efficiency (13% higher) compared to 100% N via prilled urea. With 13.5 M ha of area under the rice-wheat system in the Indo-Gangetic plain, a saving of at least 65 PJ of energy is achievable from the region. More sustainable N use in rice (scented)-wheat systems can be achieved by transitioning from soil-based to soil-foliar hybrid application technique.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144909946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing Climate Resilience in Agri-Food Systems: The Role of Green Innovation and Strategic Policy Interventions","authors":"Shah Fahad,&nbsp;Mohammad Hossain","doi":"10.1002/fes3.70122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.70122","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Agri-food systems are integral to sustainable development, climate change mitigation, and food security; however, they are also responsible for 19%–29% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Without targeted interventions, emissions from these systems risk escalating climate vulnerability and impeding sustainable progress. This study examines strategies for transforming agri-food systems toward low-carbon, circular bioeconomy models through green innovation and policy support, specifically within the contexts of the OECD and potentially adaptable frameworks for the Global South. Using a quantile autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model, we analyze the impacts of environmental innovation, government agricultural spending, total factor productivity, and population density on climate vulnerability across OECD countries, with implications for scalability in emerging economies. Results show that long-term increases in environmental patents, government agricultural expenditures, and total factor productivity significantly reduce climate vulnerability. Additionally, a U-shaped relationship between agricultural CO₂ emissions and food vulnerability is identified, indicating that while initial emissions reduction may mitigate vulnerability, sustained emissions intensify long-term risks. These findings emphasize the role of sustainable agricultural practices and robust policy frameworks in fostering climate resilience and economic sustainability. This research provides an evidence-based assessment of environmental impacts within agri-food systems, presenting actionable policy insights for advancing a circular bioeconomy, especially relevant for sustainable transformation in the Global South.</p>","PeriodicalId":54283,"journal":{"name":"Food and Energy Security","volume":"14 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fes3.70122","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144897644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}