玉米-花生带状间作系统中玉米植株修剪通过减少遮阳提高花生产量

IF 4.5 2区 农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Liang Gong, Xiaojin Zou, Jiayi Xu, Chenxia Su, Liangshan Feng, Ying Wang, Yunting Fang, Lizhen Zhang, Zhanxiang Sun
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引用次数: 0

摘要

较高的谷类植物的遮荫通常会降低较矮的间作豆科植物的生长和谷物-豆类间作系统的生产力。为了减轻遮荫对伴生作物的影响,在苗期对玉米植株进行剪枝(切叶)是一种越来越普遍的做法。然而,目前尚不清楚这种叶片去除策略是否有利于豆科作物的产量而不会造成谷类作物产量的损失。通过2年的田间试验,研究了V4期(TV4)和V5期(TV5)刈割玉米叶片对间作花生生长和产量的影响。2年间,TV4和TV5处理的花生产量分别比不切叶对照高22.9%和33.5%,而玉米产量不受影响,TV4和TV5处理的产量分别略有增加和减少。与未刈割对照相比,TV4处理和TV5处理分别使玉米株高降低了30.2 cm(23.9%)和49.2 cm(35.5%),而到达花生条的光合有效辐射分别提高了16.6%和22.8%;花生净光合速率平均提高17.4%。苗期切叶缩短了玉米根系,但增加了花生根系长度(28.6%)和表面积(30.8%)。苗期切叶的积极作用使花生氮素吸收总量分别增加26.6%和20.8%。V4期切叶比V5期切叶的间作系统土地当量比更大,而V5期切叶对间作花生产量的提高作用更大。研究结果表明,间作玉米苗期切叶可通过优化冠层光环境和调控花生地下根系发育来提高花生产量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Maize Plant Pruning Enhances Peanut Yield Through Mitigating Shading in a Maize–Peanut Strip Intercropping System

Maize Plant Pruning Enhances Peanut Yield Through Mitigating Shading in a Maize–Peanut Strip Intercropping System

Shading from taller cereal plants often reduces the growth of shorter, intercropped legumes and the productivity of cereal-legume intercropping systems. To mitigate the effect of shade on companion crops, pruning (leaf cutting) maize plants at a seedling stage is an increasingly common practice. However, it is not clear if this leaf-removal strategy benefits leguminous crop yield without causing a loss in cereal crop yield. A 2-year field experiment was performed to investigate the impact of cutting maize leaves at V4 stage (TV4) and V5 stage (TV5) on the growth and yield of intercropped peanuts. Across 2 years, peanut yield was 22.9% higher in TV4 and 33.5% higher in TV5 treatments than it was in a nonleaf-cutting control, whereas maize grain yield was not affected, with a slight increase in TV4 and a slight decrease in TV5. Compared with uncut controls, maize plant height was reduced by 30.2 cm (23.9%) in the TV4 treatment and 49.2 cm (35.5%) in the TV5 treatment, whereas photosynthetically active radiation reaching peanuts strips increased by 16.6% and 22.8%, respectively; the net photosynthetic rates of peanuts increased by 17.4% on average. Seedling leaf cutting shortened maize roots but increased peanut root length (28.6%) and surface area (30.8%) over time. The positive effects of seedling leaf cutting contributed to an increase in nitrogen absorption by 26.6% and 20.8% greater total biomass of peanuts. Cutting leaves at stage V4 resulted in a greater intercropping-system land equivalent ratio than cutting them at the V5 stage, whereas leaf cutting at the V5 stage contributes to a greater increase in the intercropped peanut yield. We demonstrate that cutting leaves of intercropped maize at the seedling stage improves peanut yield by optimizing the canopy light environment and modifying belowground root development of peanuts.

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来源期刊
Food and Energy Security
Food and Energy Security Energy-Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
CiteScore
9.30
自引率
4.00%
发文量
76
审稿时长
19 weeks
期刊介绍: Food and Energy Security seeks to publish high quality and high impact original research on agricultural crop and forest productivity to improve food and energy security. It actively seeks submissions from emerging countries with expanding agricultural research communities. Papers from China, other parts of Asia, India and South America are particularly welcome. The Editorial Board, headed by Editor-in-Chief Professor Martin Parry, is determined to make FES the leading publication in its sector and will be aiming for a top-ranking impact factor. Primary research articles should report hypothesis driven investigations that provide new insights into mechanisms and processes that determine productivity and properties for exploitation. Review articles are welcome but they must be critical in approach and provide particularly novel and far reaching insights. Food and Energy Security offers authors a forum for the discussion of the most important advances in this field and promotes an integrative approach of scientific disciplines. Papers must contribute substantially to the advancement of knowledge. Examples of areas covered in Food and Energy Security include: • Agronomy • Biotechnological Approaches • Breeding & Genetics • Climate Change • Quality and Composition • Food Crops and Bioenergy Feedstocks • Developmental, Physiology and Biochemistry • Functional Genomics • Molecular Biology • Pest and Disease Management • Post Harvest Biology • Soil Science • Systems Biology
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