Climate Risk Management最新文献

{"title":"Managing the effects of drought through the use of risk reduction strategy in the agricultural sector of Iran","authors":"Moslem Savari ,&nbsp;Hamed Eskandari Damaneh ,&nbsp;Hadi Eskandari Damaneh","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2024.100619","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Drought is one of the most significant and complex climate risks, with profound effects on reducing agricultural production and exacerbating poverty and food insecurity worldwide in the absence of effective mitigation measures. Climate assessments indicate that drought will affect the majority of world regions in the future, with agricultural-dependent communities bearing the brunt of its impacts. Therefore, managing measures to mitigate the effects of drought is crucial in this regard. This research aims to (1) examine the adoption status of adaptation strategies and (2) identify the influential factors affecting the adoption of drought mitigation measures in Iran. The study population consisted of all rural agricultural households in Kerman Province (southeastern Iran). In order to accurately select the studied samples, calculation of drought severity was done based on the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI). In this research, an extended version of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), incorporating new variables including trust, self-efficacy, social influence, facilitating conditions, perceived risk, resistance to use, and performance expectancy, was utilized as the theoretical framework. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The results revealed that all adaptation strategies of farmers under drought conditions were categorized into five classes: Social activities (SA), Physical infrastructure management (PIM), Financial management (FIM), Farm management (FM), Irrigation and water management (IWM), and Crop management (CM). Furthermore, SEM results indicated that all hypothesized relationships in this context were significant, and the research variables explained 58% of the variance in the adoption of adaptive behaviors. Lastly, considering that trust had the most significant effect on the adoption of adaptation measures, policymakers in this field are recommended to increase farmers’ trust in these strategies by conducting thorough needs assessments and identifying the most effective strategies. Moreover, organizing appropriate workshops and training courses can enhance farmers’ awareness and understanding of adaptation measures for mitigating the impacts of drought.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 100619"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212096324000366/pdfft?md5=30a771d81383b63fe9f9f384817a4059&pid=1-s2.0-S2212096324000366-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141164191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate hazards in Latin American cities: Understanding the role of the social and built environments and barriers to adaptation action","authors":"Anne Dorothée Slovic ,&nbsp;Katherine Indvik ,&nbsp;Lucas Soriano Martins ,&nbsp;Josiah L. Kephart ,&nbsp;Sandra Swanson ,&nbsp;D. Alex Quistberg ,&nbsp;Mika Moran ,&nbsp;Maryia Bakhtsiyarava ,&nbsp;Carol Zavaleta-Cortijo ,&nbsp;Nelson Gouveia ,&nbsp;Ana V. Diez Roux","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Climate hazards threaten the health and wellbeing of people living in urban areas. This study characterized reported climate hazards, adaptation action, and barriers to adaptation in 124 Latin American cities, and associations of climate hazards with urban social and built environment characteristics. We examined cities that responded to a global environmental disclosure system and that were included in the Urban Health in Latin America (SALURBAL) Project database.</p><p>The cities studied reported a median of three climate hazards. The most reported hazards were storms (61%) water scarcity (57%) extreme temperature (52%) and wildfires (51%). Thirty-eight percent of cities reported four or more distinct types of hazards. City size, density, GDP, and greenness were related to hazard reports, and although most cities reported taking actions to reduce vulnerability to climate change, 23% reported no actions at all. The most frequently reported actions were hazard mapping and modeling (47%) and increasing vegetation or greenspace coverage (45%). Other actions, such as air quality initiatives and urban planning, were much less common (8% and 3%, respectively). In terms of challenges in adapting to climate change, 35% of cities reported no challenges. The most frequently reported challenges were urban environment and development (43%) and living conditions (35%). Access to data, migration, public health, and safety/security were rarely reported as challenges. Our results suggest that climate hazards are recognized, but that adaptation responses are limited and that many important challenges to response action are not fully recognized.</p><p>This study contributes to understanding of local priorities, ongoing actions, and required support for urban climate vulnerability assessment and adaptation responses. Findings suggest the need for future research documenting local perceptions of climate hazards and comparison with documented climate hazards.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 100625"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212096324000421/pdfft?md5=a330b45f944e82e4da66e4fa4524d470&pid=1-s2.0-S2212096324000421-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141399442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating sectoral pathways and barriers in mainstreaming climate change adaptation","authors":"Yoon Jung Kim,&nbsp;Jiyeon Shin","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The mainstreaming of climate change adaptation is a key process that embeds adaptation in all sectors’ decision-making processes. In order to achieve successful adaptation, we need a socio-ecological transformation that is enabled by robust decision-making which prioritises adaptation. However, measuring the status of adaptation mainstreaming is quite challenging, and few studies have elucidated differences in adaptation mainstreaming among sectors; we therefore propose an assessment framework that does so. Three dimensions illustrating the pathways of adaptation mainstreaming are suggested: awareness, adaptation readiness and advanced implementation. We identify barriers, opportunities and differences among the three sectors of biodiversity conservation, forest management and water management in South Korea. Our results uncover different pathways to mainstreaming adaptation. Levels of awareness and readiness in relation to risk information, institutional arrangements and the active practical implementation of adaptation measures were found to be highest in the water management sector. In the biodiversity conservation sector, levels of active perception, preparation and implementation of adaptation measures in national sectoral policies were found to be relatively low. We also identify the most common barriers and required resources to mainstreaming adaptation and suggest priority entry points for each sector, including the abundant provision of sector-specific risk information and adoption guideline, awareness-raising on national climate change risk, improvements on organizational support, and reinforcing and the preparation of in-house monitoring and evaluation systems. Overall, this study offers insights into the measurement of adaptation mainstreaming by assessing pathways to successful adaptation. As assessing gaps and progress in adaptation is essential for the facilitation of transformational change, it is critical to examine long-term mainstreaming across diverse sectors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 100627"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212096324000445/pdfft?md5=174f29b1d85dd4c0826c19685fd99911&pid=1-s2.0-S2212096324000445-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141402259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unified in diversity: Unravelling emerging knowledge on drought impact cascades via participatory modeling","authors":"Jan Sodoge ,&nbsp;Zora Reckhaus ,&nbsp;Christian Kuhlicke ,&nbsp;Mariana Madruga de Brito","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diverse groups exhibit enhanced capabilities in tackling complex problems compared to individuals. Also, involving diverse stakeholders has been shown to improve the understanding of complex social-ecological systems. Considering this, we investigated how pooling the knowledge of diverse stakeholder crowds can create new, emergent knowledge on cascading drought impacts. We define ‘emergent knowledge’ as information that only becomes visible when multiple perspectives are combined. Therefore, we used participatory modeling to capture the systemic effects of droughts on diverse socio-economic and environmental systems. We interviewed 25 stakeholders with different expertise to obtain individual causal loop diagrams (CLDs) representing how drought impacts propagate in a case study in Thuringia, Germany. These CLDs were aggregated to develop a collective CLD. We then compared the individual and collective CLDs using graph theory statistics. Our analysis revealed emergent system-level features, such as feedback loops, that only became apparent when combining individual perspectives. Also, variables like ‘biodiversity loss’, which had minimal influence within the individual CLDs, gained influence in the collective CLD. These findings demonstrate how pooling diverse stakeholder knowledge on cascading drought impacts unveils new insights that may be hidden when considering only individual perspectives. We anticipate these findings to enhance the integration of knowledge from diverse stakeholder crowds when studying complex drought impacts. Furthermore, these findings highlight the need for careful consideration in selecting domain expertise in participatory processes that study drought impact cascades, as the system dynamics can vary substantially.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100652"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221209632400069X/pdfft?md5=71ac60d4e0ceb1ba6a70ad11ccb443be&pid=1-s2.0-S221209632400069X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracking climate adaptation in hospitals: An inventory of structural measures","authors":"Louise Elstow,&nbsp;Felipe Rojas Parra,&nbsp;Kristen MacAskill","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adaptation plays a critical role in reducing risks from climate change and the need for climate adaptation is increasingly being recognised in national policies. However, evidence of coherent action at sector level is varied and often lacking. This paper critically examines climate adaptation action taken in the health sector. This involved collecting and analysing data for an inventory of hospital-based cases, retrieved from scholarly and grey literature. This process highlighted a paucity of reporting on such interventions, which are not yet well-covered in wider efforts for sustainability or climate action reporting. We found 125 examples of implemented structural measures intended to adapt hospital facilities to respond more favourably to anticipated changes in climate. The inventory provides insight into what adaptation actions are being reported across regions around the world and the motivations behind them, which provides a basis for considering how business cases are being made for these investments.</div><div>Doing so means we are able to make three contributions to the field of climate adaptation. First, our analysis of the initial data highlights nascent trends, for example, experience of a previous weather event or adherence to current building codes are the two dominant motivating factors for pursuing adaptation. Second, identifying the challenges involved in gathering and compiling adaptation data has implications for the field of climate adaptation itself, and the data needed to drive decision making and better understanding of what is happening. Notably, the evidence collected from various regions contain biases attributed to data retrievability, where North American examples are most readily available. Finally, it is anticipated that the inventory—which provides a baseline for categorising interventions in the sector—has value for generating understanding of what comprises adaptation practice, beneficial to both hospital practitioners and researchers alike.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100657"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anticipating climate risk in Norwegian municipalities","authors":"Leikny Bakke Lie,&nbsp;Vilde Lysgaard,&nbsp;Are Kristoffer Sydnes","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change is increasingly being coupled to extreme weather and climate events, with an observed increase in intensity and occurrence of climate-related events. Norway is no exception. Though generally considered quite resilient to climate risk, with favorable conditions for adapting on a national level, studies point to regional and local differences. Applying a mixed methods approach we combine a literature review on climate adaptation in Norwegian municipalities showing patterns and trends, with a small-N case study allowing for an in-depth exploration of four Arctic municipalities, where warming occurs faster. We investigate how Norwegian municipalities observe, identify, and prepare for climate-related hazards, by applying the anticipation stage of resilience as an analytical approach. Findings demonstrate how municipal anticipatory capabilities largely rely on external expertise to gather information and/or reduce uncertainty. Experience and familiar hazards form the basis for preparing for future risk. This leaves municipalities running the risk of adapting to present risks while neglecting future developments in vulnerability and exposure to weather and climate events. Climate adaptation has been embedded in the existing processes for risk management, applying statutory risk- and vulnerability assessments as the primary tool for identifying climate risk. We find that this framing leaves a significant imprint on the municipal adaptation efforts. Based on our findings we recommend that municipalities look to strengthen in-house competency on climate adaptation and implement the use of distinct climate risk assessments to better capture long-term risk and identify local adaptation needs and measures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"46 ","pages":"Article 100658"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142527661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Building resilience to extreme weather events in Phoenix: Considering contaminated sites and disadvantaged communities","authors":"Paramita Sinha ,&nbsp;Meridith Fry ,&nbsp;Susan Julius ,&nbsp;Robert Truesdale ,&nbsp;James Cajka ,&nbsp;Michele Eddy ,&nbsp;Prakash Doraiswamy ,&nbsp;Rosanne Albright ,&nbsp;Julie Riemenschneider ,&nbsp;Matthew Potzler ,&nbsp;Brian Lim ,&nbsp;Jennifer Richkus ,&nbsp;Maggie O'Neal","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100586","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2024.100586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The interplay of contaminated sites, climate change, and disadvantaged communities are a growing concern worldwide. Worsening extreme events may result in accidental contaminant releases from sites and waste facilities that may impact nearby communities. If such communities are already suffering from environmental, economic, health, or social burdens, they may face disproportionate impacts. Equitable resilience planning to address effects of extreme events requires information on where the impacts may be, when they may occur, and who might be impacted. Because resources are often scarce for these communities, conducting detailed modeling may be cost-prohibitive. By considering indicators for four sources of vulnerability (changing extreme heat conditions, contaminated sites, contaminant transport via wind, and population sensitivities) in one holistic framework, we provide a scientifically robust approach that can assist planners with prioritizing resources and actions. These indicators can serve as screening measures to identify communities that may be impacted most and isolate the reasons for these impacts. Through a transdisciplinary case study conducted in Maricopa County (Arizona, USA), we demonstrate how the framework and geospatial indicators can be applied to inform plans for preparedness, response, and recovery from the effects of extreme heat on contaminated sites and nearby populations. The indicators employed in this demonstration can be applied to other locations with contaminated sites to build community resilience to future climate impacts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100586"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212096324000032/pdfft?md5=d60d186b9b917560f0eff1e33eef37e0&pid=1-s2.0-S2212096324000032-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139718412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing infrastructure resilience in wildfire management to face extreme events: Insights from the Iberian Peninsula","authors":"Erica Arango ,&nbsp;Pilar Jiménez ,&nbsp;Maria Nogal ,&nbsp;Hélder S. Sousa ,&nbsp;Mark G. Stewart ,&nbsp;José C. Matos","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2024.100595","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Factors such as human activity and climate change are contributing to an increase in the frequency and intensity of wildfires. This problem has challenged society’s knowledge, response capacity, and resilience, revealing its inadequacy to cope with the new wildfire regime characterized by extreme wildfire events (EWE). Policies on wildfire management mainly focus on suppression and managing emergencies, which may be insufficient to reduce EWE’s incidence and cope with its impact. Consequently, there is a lack of tools to support decision-making in wildfire management in other important aspects, such as prevention and protection. This study examines global wildfire policies specifically in the Iberian Peninsula (Portugal and Spain), including cross-border policies. A GIS-based tool to evaluate different normal and extreme wildfire management policies is applied to a cross-border case study, paying attention to the impact on critical land-based transport systems. A relevant outcome of the tool application is that suppression must be complemented with other wildfire management strategies in the analyzed area. The gained insights can help stakeholders to improve decision-making in wildfire management to successfully address EWE.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100595"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212096324000123/pdfft?md5=1a48be415cde8333e972c333f6977d8c&pid=1-s2.0-S2212096324000123-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140122326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A framework for policy assessment using exploratory modeling and analysis: An application in flood control","authors":"R. Muñoz ,&nbsp;S. Ashraf Vaghefi ,&nbsp;A. Sharma ,&nbsp;V. Muccione","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crm.2024.100635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Uncertainties about future climate and socioeconomic conditions challenge the design and implementation of adaptation measures. Deterministic methods, although helpful in reducing uncertainty and identifying optimal solutions, may fall short to identify flexible and robust strategies under rapidly and uncertain evolving circumstances. This is where robust decision-making approaches, such as Exploratory Modeling and Analysis (EMA), can contribute. Despite its wide use in other fields, the application of EMA in climate change adaptation has been limited by the complexity of its concepts and methodologies. To address this gap, this study introduces a framework that leverages EMA to conduct a case study on flood reduction in Australia. Through EMA, the study systematically evaluates several climate scenarios and policy options across thousands of simulations to identify a set of robust strategies rather than a few optimal solutions. The results demonstrate that a multifaceted approach, which integrates infrastructure with nature-based solutions, not only reduces flood events but also contributes to sustainability. Moreover, EMA elucidates the advantages and limitations of each policy option, enhancing the decision-making process by identifying policies that are best suited to the specific context. While this study is centered on flood risk management, the principles and methodologies are broadly applicable, offering valuable insights for managing a variety of climate-related risks and informing global climate adaptation strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 100635"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212096324000524/pdfft?md5=75b2c57d275a0ab04629e6b08401b508&pid=1-s2.0-S2212096324000524-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141596528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing climate change-induced losses and damages to coastal ecosystem services: Empirical evidence from Manpura Island, Bangladesh","authors":"Joy Bhowmik ,&nbsp;Haseeb Md. Irfanullah ,&nbsp;Samiya Ahmed Selim ,&nbsp;Mohammad Budrudzaman","doi":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100641","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.crm.2024.100641","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Under the on-going climate change, slow-onset events, such as sea-level rise and salinity intrusion, have a more pronounced effect on biodiversity and ecosystem services, which have fewer options for adaptation compared to human systems, resulting in losses and damages. People who rely on ecosystems are also experiencing substantial damages and irreversible losses. Therefore, accurately assessing the losses and damages to ecosystem services becomes crucial. To address this issue, this paper employs an analytical framework adopted from Geest et al. (2019) and conducts a case study on the effects of extreme and slow-onset events on a coastal island of Bangladesh to evaluate the current losses and damages to ecosystem services. The study estimates the economic losses and damages to individual households, specifically in terms of some provisioning services, such as rice and fish, ranging from US$28 to US$419 per household. Furthermore, the case study elucidates the diverse values that individuals attributed to ecosystem services in their everyday lives, as well as non-economic losses, damages, and harms that are rooted in human emotions and experiences. It highlights non-economic losses and damages such as the gradual decline of social unity, an increase in mental illness, long-term physical health consequences, increased feelings of insecurity, and the depletion of fertile topsoil. The research concludes that building human capital for ecosystem-based adaptation is crucial to mitigating these impacts. It emphasises the need of documenting losses and damages locally using web-based recordkeeping in order to take evidence-based action to address losses and damages.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54226,"journal":{"name":"Climate Risk Management","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 100641"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212096324000585/pdfft?md5=aa453c1edc86ded6b3a7dcdc80b6262a&pid=1-s2.0-S2212096324000585-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141932697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}