Current Medical Imaging Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Multiple Gastric Schwannoma: A Case Report.","authors":"Bin Huang, Mingtai Cao, Xiaoying Zheng, Tuanyue Ma, Yuntai Cao","doi":"10.2174/0115734056365968250422110814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734056365968250422110814","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gastric schwannoma is a rare gastrointestinal mesenchymal tumor with Schwann cell differentiation. In the past, most of the published cases were single gastric schwannoma. Multiple gastric schwannoma is exceedingly rare. We herein report a case of multiple gastric schwannomas.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>A 55-year-old male presented with postprandial vomiting of unclear etiology, accompanied by epigastric pain and bloating. Computed tomography revealed marked thickening of the gastric wall at the fundus-body junction along the greater curvature and gastric angle, with intraluminal nodular projections. Multiphase contrast-enhanced computed tomography demonstrated moderate progressive enhancement. The patient was misdiagnosed as having a gastric stromal tumor before the operation and subsequently underwent laparoscopic partial gastrectomy. However, pathological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed multiple gastric schwannomas. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged without complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Gastric schwannoma is rare in clinical practice, especially gastric multiple schwannomas, which are easily confused with gastric stromal tumors, as illustrated in this case, where a preoperative misdiagnosis occurred. Clinicians should enhance their recognition of characteristic imaging features (including Computed tomography, Magnetic resonance imaging, and Positron emission tomography) and employ multimodal diagnostic approaches to optimize preoperative diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54215,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Imaging Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Ureter: A Case Evaluated by ¹⁸FFDG- PET/CT and Literature Review.","authors":"Rong Yang, Liqin Gu, Chengzhou Li, Qiong Song, Yanfang Bao, Lan Lin, Juan Chen","doi":"10.2174/0115734056353458250429063852","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734056353458250429063852","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC) of the ureter is extremely rare, and tends to show a mixed histologic profile. Literature on its imaging features is limited.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We herein report the case of a 68-year-old woman who presented with two days of left flank pain. Ultrasound and CT scan revealed a lesion in the left distal ureter. The lesion exhibited intensive tracer activity on ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT scan, corresponding to a malignant tumor, most likely a high-grade urothelial carcinoma, and no metastases were observed. Then, the patient underwent a radical left nephroureterectomy. Pathology revealed a carcinoma composed of SCNEC (approximately 83%) and urothelial carcinoma (approximately 17%). During one year of follow-up, the patient underwent six cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy (etoposide 100mgd 1-3 + cisplatin 30mgd 1-3, q3w), and no recurrence or metastases were found on the CT scan.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case report has presented a case of ureteral SCNEC and explored the value of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis and staging of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":54215,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Imaging Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Classification and Hemodynamic Characteristics of Uterine Artery Blood Flow in Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion.","authors":"Yunyun Cao, Guanjie Wang, Haifei Wang, Ping Chen, Xiaoping Gong","doi":"10.2174/0115734056367096250508073203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734056367096250508073203","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) demonstrates a complex pathogenesis. The uterine artery (UtA) Doppler ultrasound monitoring is clinically valuable for predicting RSA risk.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the type of blood flow velocity waveform (FVW) and the hemodynamic characteristics of the UtA between the RSA and control groups.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This retrospective study included 203 patients with RSA and 121 without RSA. All participants underwent transvaginal Doppler ultrasonography during the mid-luteal phase to assess the type of FVW and the hemodynamic parameters of the UtA.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>The C type was the most prevalent in both the control and RSA groups, with incidences of 80.16% and 63.04%, respectively. The single type was more predominant in the control group than in the RSA group (83.47% vs. 73.89%). Notably, the compound type was more frequent in the RSA group than in the control group (26.11% vs. 15.26%). The compound type exhibited significantly higher circulatory resistance than the single type, with significant statistical differences observed in the mean pulsatility index (mPI) and mean resistance index (mRI) between the two types (P < 0.001). Further, mPI and mRI values of the UtA were higher in the RSA group than in the control group, with significant statistical differences between the two groups (P < 0.001). If abnormal UtA hemodynamic parameters and FVW are detected, early clinical intervention should be implemented to improve adverse pregnancy outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>UtA FVW varies, indicating differences in blood resistance. Prepregnancy monitoring of high-resistance FVW and hemodynamic parameters effectively assessed uterine perfusion status and may provide a foundation for early clinical intervention and potential personalized treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":54215,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Imaging Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation Between Bone Mineral Density And Different Types of Modic Changes in Lumbar Spine.","authors":"Xiaoling Zhong, Yinghui Tang, Guohua Zeng, Lixiang Zhang, Minjie Yang, Yu Chen","doi":"10.2174/0115734056368021250428060738","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734056368021250428060738","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Modic changes (MCs) are a common manifestation of lumbar degenerative disease, classified into three types. However, the relationship between Bone Mineral Density (BMD) and each type of MC at the vertebral lesion sites remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 144 patients who had both lumbar MR and CT images. The classification and grading of MCs were evaluated using MR images. On the CT images, BMD values, T-scores, and Z-scores were obtained from the normal T12 vertebrae, the corresponding lumbar Modic lesion sites, and the adjacent healthy regions at the same vertebra on the axial plane.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 370 vertebrae (226 MCs and 144 normal T12 vertebrae) were assessed. No significant difference was found in the BMD of normal T12 vertebrae between males and females in the study. MCs were more commonly found in the lumbar 4 and 5 vertebrae. Of the MCs, 80 (36%) were classified as type I, 130 (57%) as type II, and 16 (7%) as type III. The BMD value, T-score, and Z-score of each Modic type lesion site were higher than those of adjacent healthy regions and normal T12 vertebrae. A strong correlation was found between the different Modic types, though no significant differences were observed between grades within the same Modic type.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The presence of any MCs was significantly associated with an increase in BMD in the corresponding lesion sites, with more severe MCs showing a stronger association with higher BMD. This is the first study to explore the relationship between all types of MCs and their BMD values.</p>","PeriodicalId":54215,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Imaging Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Value Of Deep Learning Based RCA PCAT and Plaque Volume Beyond CT-FFR In Patients With Stent Implantation.","authors":"Zengfa Huang, Ruiyao Tang, Xinyu Du, Yi Ding, ZhiWen Yang, Beibei Cao, Mei Li, Xi Wang, Wanpeng Wang, Zuoqin Li, Jianwei Xiao, Xiang Wang","doi":"10.2174/0115734056335065250426150739","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734056335065250426150739","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study aims to investigate the prognostic value of deep learning based pericoronary adipose tissue attenuation computed tomography (PCAT) and plaque volume beyond coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) -derived fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) in patients with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 183 patients with PCI who underwent coronary CTA were included in this retrospective study. Imaging assessment included PCAT, plaque volume, and CT-FFR, which were performed using an artificial intelligence (AI) assisted workstation. Kaplan-Meier survival curves analysis and multivariate Cox regression were used to estimate major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including non-fatal myocardial infraction (MI), stroke, and mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 22 (12%) MACE occurred during a median follow-up period of 38.0 months (34.6-54.6 months). Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that right coronary artery (RCA) PCAT (p = 0.007) and plaque volume (p = 0.008) were significantly associated with the increase in MACE. Multivariable Cox regression indicated that RCA PCAT (hazard ratios (HR): 2.94, 95%CI: 1.15-7.50, p = 0.025) and plaque volume (HR: 3.91, 95%CI: 1.20-12.75, p = 0.024)　were independent predictors of MACE after adjustment by clinical risk factors. However, CT-FFR was not independently associated with MACE in multivariable Cox regression (p = 0.271).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Deep learning based RCA PCAT and plaque volume derived from coronary CTA were found to be more strongly associated with MACE than CTFFR in patients with PCI.</p>","PeriodicalId":54215,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Imaging Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LFE-UNet: A Lightweight Full-Encoder U-shaped Network for Efficient Semantic Segmentation in Medical Imaging.","authors":"Qinghua Zhang, Yulei Hou, Changchun He, Zhengyu Zhai, Yunjiao Deng","doi":"10.2174/0115734056370555250426140155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734056370555250426140155","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Semantic segmentation algorithms are essential for identifying and segmenting human organs and lesions in medical images. However, as U-Net variants enhance segmentation accuracy, they often increase in parameter count, demanding more sophisticated and costly hardware for training.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to introduce a lightweight U-Net that optimizes the trade-off between network parameters and segmentation accuracy, while fully leveraging the encoder's feature extraction capabilities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We propose a lightweight full-encoder U-shaped network, termed LFE-UNet, which employs full-encoder skip connections, encompassing all encoder layers. This model is designed with a reduced number of basic channels-specifically, 8 instead of the typical 64 or 32-to achieve a more efficient architecture.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The LFE-UNet, when integrated with ResNet34, achieved a Dice score of 0.97385 on the ISBI LiTS 2017 liver dataset. For the BraTS 2018 brain tumor dataset, it obtained 0.87510, 0.93759, 0.87301, and 0.81469 on average, WT, TC, and ET, respectively. The paper also discusses the impact of varying basic channel numbers n and encoder layer counts N on the network's parameter efficiency, as well as the model's robustness to different levels of Gaussian noise in images and salt and pepper noise in labels. Additionally, the influence of different loss functions is explored.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The LFE-UNet proves that high segmentation accuracy can be attained with a markedly lower parameters, fully utilizing the full-scale encoder's feature extraction. It also highlights the significance of loss function selection and the effects of noise on segmentation accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":54215,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Imaging Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144026712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discriminating Central Lung Cancer Tumors from Atelectasis Using Radiomics Analysis on Contrast-Free CT.","authors":"Xiaoli Hu, Qianbiao Gu, Qian Guo, Feng Wu, Yinqi Liu, Zhuo He, Hongrong Shen, Kun Zhang","doi":"10.2174/0115734056348733250324234338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734056348733250324234338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate determination of tumor boundaries is crucial for staging and treating central lung cancer (CLC).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of contrast-free CT radiomics in discriminating CLC tumors from atelectasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 58 patients with CLC and associated lung atelectasis, corresponding to 58 tumors and 58 atelectasis regions, were included. Radiomics features were extracted from tumor and atelectasis areas using contrast-free CT images. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) identified the most differential radiomics features. A logistic regression model (LR) was established and evaluated using 5-fold crossvalidation. Discrimination performance was assessed using the area under the ROC curve (AUC) and decision curve analysis (DCA). Additionally, the potential of visualizing and distinguishing tumors and atelectasis based on contrast-free CT was explored by comparing pixel-level radiomics features with contrast CT.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1561 radiomics features were extracted, with 356 showing significant statistical differences between tumor and atelectasis. LASSO identified the 10 most differential radiomics features. The LR model trained with these features achieved an AUC of 0.94 (95% CI: 0.89-0.99), sensitivity of 0.88, and specificity of 0.89 in the training group, and an AUC of 0.81 (95% CI: 0.67-0.95), sensitivity of 0.78, and specificity of 0.65 in the validation group. DCA confirmed the clinical utility, and the radiomics feature square_firstorder_10Percentile showed good performance in distinguishing tumors from atelectasis, with consistency to contrast CT.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Contrast-free CT radiomics can effectively discriminate CLC tumors from atelectasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":54215,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Imaging Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144058451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Grading of Lymphatic Vessels: A Correlative Study and A Therapeutic Suggestion to Secondary Limb Lymphoedema.","authors":"Ping Fu, Jia Zhu, Zijie Liu, Shentao Zhang, Shahi Kishor, Li Chen, Zhengren Liu, Lili Zhang","doi":"10.2174/0115734056354068250415084500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734056354068250415084500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Various methods have been employed to evaluate secondary limb lymphedema, each with its own set of limitations.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To delve into a novel approach to lymphatic grading, specifically utilizing enhanced ultrasound for assessing lymphatic function, to compensate for the shortcomings of other methods to some extent.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The clinical and ultrasound data of 51 patients with secondary limb lymphedema from June 2022 to September 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. The characteristic ultrasound manifestations of all visualized lymphatic vessels were studied. A contrast-enhanced ultrasound grading of lymphatic vessels (Ceus-Clv) was formulated and applied to grade the 51 patients. The study also correlated Ceus-Clv with Campisi clinical stage, postoperative duration, and duration of edema.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 51 patients, there were 19 cases of Ceus-Clv I, 10 cases of Ceus-Clv II, 19 cases of Ceus-Clv III, and 3 cases of Ceus-Clv IV. The correlation coefficient (rs) between Ceus-Clv and Campisi clinical stages was 0.958 (P < 0.001). Similarly, the correlation coefficient between Ceus-Clv and postoperative duration was 0.824 (P < 0.001), and between Ceus-Clv and duration of edema was 0.763 (P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ceus-Clv grading is a safe, convenient, and effective method for assessing lymphatic vessel function in secondary limb edema. This method can accurately reflect the patient's lymphatic vessel function and the severity of edema, providing valuable guidance for the treatment of secondary limb edema.</p>","PeriodicalId":54215,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Imaging Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the Correlation between MRI Imaging Signs and Lymphovascular Space Invasion in Endometrial Cancer.","authors":"Chenwen Sun, Jiaying Mao, Yang Xia, Meiping Li, Zhenhua Zhao","doi":"10.2174/0115734056348172250407115649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734056348172250407115649","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Determination of LVSI is the recommended criterion for performing lymphatic drainage and is important for the preoperative clinical decisionmaking process; however, Intraoperative Frozen Section (IFS) has limitations for the analysis of LVSI, and there is an urgent need for other indirect methods to predict the presence of LVSI.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the value of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) features in predicting Lymphovascular Space Invasion (LVSI) in endometrial cancer (EC).</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to analyze MRI features that may be associated with LVSI and to explore their association.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this study, 179 patients who received treatment for EC confirmed by surgical pathology at two medical institutions from January 2017 to May 2024 were reviewed and grouped according to the presence or absence of vascular cancer embolism in the pathology. The MRI imaging features of the two groups were compared, including the maximum transverse diameter in the sagittal position, myometrial invasion, disruption of the uterine Junctional Zone (JZ), serosal surface, uterine appendages, cervical stromal invasion, lymph node enlargement, and its T2 value, and Diffusion- Weighted Imaging (DWI). The risk factors of the LVSI-positive group were determined by performing logistic regression analysis to analyze the correlation between Apparent Diffusion Coefficient (ADC) values and LVSI in EC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 34 cases in the LVSI-positive group and 145 cases in the negative group. The maximum transverse diameter in sagittal position, myometrial invasion, interruption of the uterine JZ, serous surface, uterine appendages, cervical stromal invasion, lymph node enlargement, and their DWI and ADC values were statistically significant between the two groups (P < 0.05). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, lymph node enlargement (P = 0.001) and ADC value (P = 0.041) were identified as independent risk factors for positive LVSI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Lymph node enlargement and reduced ADC values (<0.767*10-3mm²/s) in MR imaging are of high value in predicting the occurrence of LVSI in patients with EC and can be used as an important reference for preoperative clinical diagnostic and therapeutic decisions for patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":54215,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Imaging Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Muscular Cystic Lesions: A Highly Misdiagnosed Extraosseous Ewing Sarcoma: Two Case Reports and Literature Review.","authors":"Deng Xiang, Hui Huang, Xiaozhen Meng, Yun Hu, Shouhua Zhang","doi":"10.2174/0115734056353279250311052757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0115734056353279250311052757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A retrospective analysis was carried out on two cases of extraosseous Ewing sarcoma (ES) that were initially misdiagnosed as lymphatic malformations, with a focus on clinical manifestations, imaging characteristics, and other relevant case data. A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to enhance the understanding of cystic extraosseous ES.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>Both cases in this study originated from cystic lesions in the muscular interstitial space. Due to the absence of distinctive clinical manifestations and imaging features, the diagnosis is primarily dependent on pathological examination.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>It is crucial to differentiate this condition from lymphatic malformations, hemangiomas, hematomas, and other diseases to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54215,"journal":{"name":"Current Medical Imaging Reviews","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144009448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}