Rusin最新文献

{"title":"“Idosha ko batyevi”: The “Horde” diplomacy by Daniel and Vasylko Romanovych in the 1240-50s","authors":"L. V. Vorotyntsev","doi":"10.17223/18572685/70/4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/18572685/70/4","url":null,"abstract":"The article discusses the controversial issues of diplomatic contacts of the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia with representatives of the Ulus of Jochi ruling elite and attempts to trace the dynamics of changes in the administrative and political status of Galicia– Volhynia in the state system of the Mongolian Empire and the Jochi Ulus (Horde) in the 1240-50s. Based on a comparative historical analysis of the Russian chronicles, as well as the information from some European and Muslim sources, the author concludes that the relations of the Romanovichi with the Jochids were of a multi-level nature and included both diplomatic contacts and military conflicts (the so-called “Tatar” or “Kuremsa” army) and military and political pressure actions (Burundai’s campaigns). As a result, the late 1250s saw a final formalization of the vassal-tributary dependence of Galicia–Volhynia on the Jochi dynasty, with the participation of the Romanovich squads in the military activities of the Mongols against the Eastern European states (the Kingdom of Hungary, the Principality of Lithuania, the principalities of Southern Poland).","PeriodicalId":54120,"journal":{"name":"Rusin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67582299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Belarusian Polesie as an object of Poland’s ethnocultural engineering in the 1930s: Media aspects (based on the materials of the State Archive of Brest Region)","authors":"K. Shevchenko","doi":"10.17223/18572685/70/9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/18572685/70/9","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyzes the most important aspects of the ethno-cultural policy of the interwar Poland in relation to the indigenous East Slavic population of the Polesie region in the 1930s on the example of publications of the local Russian-language periodicals and the attitude towards them by the local Polish authorities. Particular attention is given to the newspaper Pod nebom Poles’ya, published in the Russian literary language in the late 1931 – early 1932 in Pinsk, Polesie Voivodeship of the interwar Poland. The publications in Pod nebom Poles’ya actively promoted the all-Russian identity and Russian culture, considering Belarusians, Ukrainians, and Russians from the point of view of the triune Russian people. In addition, the newspaper voiced cautious criticism of the national policy of the Polish authorities and the population census to encourage the local East Slavic population to preserve their language, culture, and national identity. Since the content of the publications in Pod nebom Poles’ya was unacceptable to the Polish authorities, striving for the complete and final Polonization of the Belarusian population of the eastern provinces of Poland, the local Polish administration pursued a policy of administrative pressure on the newspaper. As a result, Pod nebom Poles’ya was closed, despite its high popularity with the local people. A similar policy of administrative strangulation of objectionable Russian-language periodicals was carried out in relation to other newspapers of Polesie. Thus, the ethnocultural policy of the Polish administration in Polesie in the media sphere was based on in the systemic suppression of the Russian-language press, which defended the ideas of the civilizational unity of the East Slavic peoples.","PeriodicalId":54120,"journal":{"name":"Rusin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67582492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical narratives and war representations in the collective memory of Runet communities: Temporal trajectories and semantic networks","authors":"N. V. Trubnikova, A. Sarkisova, I.Ye. Rogaeva","doi":"10.17223/18572685/70/16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/18572685/70/16","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses the collective representation of war narratives in the Russian social network VKontakte in the context of the problems of national self-consciousness and national identity. The material for the study was extracted by automated methods using the VKontakte open API. It amounts to 332,781 unique posts from open historical communities from January 1, 2020 to May 9, 2022. Using the PolyAnalyst platform, the authors found out that the word “war” is the most frequent and most significant (the metric takes into account the average frequency of a word in all texts) in this text collection. A sample of texts with the word “war” (49,736 posts) was subjected to additional analysis with a set of NLP methods to study key narratives and semantic connections. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study is the principles and approaches of modern narratology and the history of memory. The analysis of social media big data has confirmed that the dramatic historical fate of Russia, as a natural consequence of the factors of vast territory, extended borders, and abundance of natural resources, has shaped the mentality of Russians to be always ready for war. Thematic clustering of texts has confirmed the dominance of the practices of commemoration of the Great Patriotic War, reflected the etatism and etacratism of the Russian consciousness, demonstrated public attention to representations of war in art and science, and discovered the “trench truth” block and its place in the collective war representations. Narratives are often rich in details and facts, pragmatism, prosaic and rationalism. Empirical material confirms that the 20th century certainly occupies a special significance in the memory of Russians about wars. The authors comment on the rating of references to wars in the studied text collection and indicate the opposition of the Great Patriotic War to the Second World War, and the Patriotic War of 1812 to the Napoleonic Wars of the early 19th century. Some attention is also given to the issues of information wars in the modern world. The presented war narrative is of interest as the foundation of the “collective imaginary”, on the basis of which the prospects and critical boundaries of the image of the future are constructed.","PeriodicalId":54120,"journal":{"name":"Rusin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67582586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of Dmitry Kantemir’s writings for the Western educational historiography (a case study of the manuscript “The History of Turkey” of the 18th century)","authors":"D. Elezović","doi":"10.17223/18572685/63/3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/18572685/63/3","url":null,"abstract":"The article uses a case study of the manuscript The History of Turkey written by an anonymous author in French in the 18th century and kept in the Bern City Library archives, to discuss West European writers’ evaluation of Dmitry Kantemir’s works. Dmitry Kantemir was not only a prominent political leader and diplomat, but also one of the most educated people in Eastern Europe of his time. When living in Constantinople, he attended a theological school, then studied history, philosophy, literature, art, theology, and ancient languages (he knew eight languages). Highly regarded in Russia, his writings attracted attention in the West and were used as sources by European historians. As an outstanding scientist and diplomat in Eastern Europe, Dmitry Kantemir earned the recognition of his Western European contemporaries as well as historians of later periods, who highly appreciated his works. This article analyses one historical plot, which has not been in the focus of scholarly studies so far: Kantemir’s History of the Growth and Decay of the Ottoman Empire is mentioned as one of the main sources in the manuscript The History of Turkey and repeatedly quoted there.","PeriodicalId":54120,"journal":{"name":"Rusin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67580205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fundamentals of National Identity in Bulgarian and Rusinian Literature (Based on the Works by Hristo Botev and Alexander Dukhnovych)","authors":"Olena Saikovska","doi":"10.17223/18572685/66/5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/18572685/66/5","url":null,"abstract":"The article focuses on the manifestations of national identity in the poetry of “buditel” (a metaphor of spiritual awakening; i.e. enlightener, awakener) of the Bulgarian people Hristo Botev and the outstanding figure of the Ukrainian people of Transcarpathia (Rusins) Alexander Dukhnovych. The analysis of the national identity foundations is determined by a multilevel approach, which addresses the psychological, cultural, territorial, historical, and political constituents. The main components of national identity, identified in H. Botev’s and A. Dukhnovych’s poetry, are folk song, folklore, mythology, beliefs and everyday life, folk heroes, national characters, and language. The dominant themes of the poetry of both authors are Motherland, national liberation war, heroism and patriotism, people and enemies, confrontation between good and evil, life and death, freedom and slavery. Traditional images in H. Botev’s poetry are those of woman-mother, beloved girl, man-haiduk (rebel), the haiduk’s song, Bulgarian people, patriot. The main images and images-symbols in A. Dukhnovych’s poetry are those of mother, beloved girl, Russian children, Mother-Russia, unity, falcon, forget-me-not. The common images are freedom, homeland, people, dream.","PeriodicalId":54120,"journal":{"name":"Rusin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67580827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Proto-Slavic trace in Rusin lexis and paremiology: potya*","authors":"V. M. Mokienko","doi":"10.17223/18572685/66/8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/18572685/66/8","url":null,"abstract":"The article offers a detailed analysis of the Rusin lexeme potya (‘small bird’) inherited from the Proto-Slavic language. The form and semantics of the lexeme fully corresponds to its Proto-Slavic prototype reconstructed in the article. The author cites a representative series of derivatives of this lexeme (potyata, potyatko, potyaytko, pot’ka, potyuk, potyukh, potich, potak, potyachnyy, pot’ichiy etc.), fixed in the dictionaries by I. Franko, D. Pop, I. Kerchа, M.Y. Onyshkevich, M.D. Matviyiv et al. to trace its semantic evolution and demonstrate its connotative potential. The lexeme is compared with the East Slavic and Slovak lexemes of the same root to register semantic similarities and differences. Particular attention is paid to sayings (resp. phraseological units) and proverbs with the potya component. The following five sayings are characterized in terms of their chronology, area, structure and semantics: Põtya maloye beresya na svõyi kryla; Vadyat’sya tak, shto y põtya by na khizhu ne sіlo; Tsi sova ne põtya? Lem põtyachoye moloko mu khibit’. They are compared with Ukrainian, Russian and other Slavic or common European sayings. Revealed are both common and their various features. The detailed analysis of the following eight proverbs has shown that some of them have a narrowly regional character, while the area of others goes beyond the common Slavic pace: Põtya vidko po pіryu, a cholovіka po robotі; Vpoznati potya po piryu; Põtyati, shto zvyklo lіtati, tyazhko na klіtku zvykati; Yake gnizdo, taki y potita; Kazhdoye põtya lyubit’ krikhotya; Krikhõtyata day põtyatam; Serencha gi põtya, de khõche, tam i syade; Yedno põtya lіs ne nasvishche; Yak potya yimayut’, ta go gladkayut’. The data proves the ProtoSlavic status of the Rusin lexeme potya (*pъtę) and allows its attribution to the ancient Rusin linguistic and cultural heritage. A comparative and etymological analysis of the lexeme convincingly shows its originality in the regional language and as well as its uniqueness and proto-Slavic antiquity. It retained the Proto-Slavic form and semantics and gradually enriched with phraseological and paremiological connections. Proverbs and sayings, whose semantic core is the Rusin lexeme, reflect multi-layered interlanguage connections with other Slavic and European areas, without losing their figurative and regional uniqueness.","PeriodicalId":54120,"journal":{"name":"Rusin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67580921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Artistic Specificity of the Transcarpathian Material Culture in the Works by Sergey Makovsky: A Look at the Historical Tradition as a Fact of Modernity","authors":"Olga Lagutenko, A.О. Puchkov, M. Selivatchov","doi":"10.17223/18572685/66/13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/18572685/66/13","url":null,"abstract":"In the article, the life and many-sided activities of the historian, ethnographer and art critic Sergey Konstantinovich Makovsky (1877–1962) serves as the background to focus on his book Peasant Art of Subcarpathian Russia, published in Prague in Russian, Czech (1925) and English (1926) languages. Although not banned in Soviet Ukraine, it was not promoted either because of the writer’s emigre past and his proximity to the House of Romanov. However, the book was well known to specialists: the predominantly aesthetic approach to folk art, first applied in it, echoes in the studies of the 1960s and even later. Peasant Art of Subcarpathian Russia resulted for the exhibition, organized by the school department of the Uzhhorod Civil Administration in 1924. As an expert and director of the exhibition, Makovsky traveled all over Transcarpathia, where he studied art objects at the places of their production, talked to artisans, took photos and collected valuable items. Makovsky thought of the works of peasant art not only as of merely museum exhibits, but also a ”still living force”, a living testimony to the regional history. The authors of the article use a biographical, textual, historiographical, and comparative methods to conclude that in his book Makovsky is the first to explore the peasant art of Transcarpathia as a professional critic of modern art. In the Carpathians, he encounters peasant creativity, where decorativeness, which is also inherent in modernists, is the main property inextricably linked with applied expediency and local tradition. Makovsky is fascinated by this heritage, avidly perceives it, producing accurate observations and generalizations.","PeriodicalId":54120,"journal":{"name":"Rusin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67581092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The consequences of the Romanian occupation of 1941–1944 for the Orthodox Church of Moldova","authors":"V. Sodol","doi":"10.17223/18572685/63/10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/18572685/63/10","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the facts of material damage caused by the German-Romanian invaders to the institutions of the Orthodox Church of Moldova. The analysis of the archives of the Republic of Moldova, the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic and the works of researchers revealed three stages of damage inflicted by the invaders on religious organizations. The total amount of damage amounted to 91.5 million rubles, including church buildings – 22,580,000 rubles (including the churches of Pridnestrovie – 4,192,423 rubles). The invaders destroyed the buildings of 44 churches and 2 chapels, partially damaged 22 churches. Dozens of valuable religious shrines were removed from Moldovan churches and monasteries. The most valuable loss is a copy of the Gerbovetsky Icon of the Most Holy Mother of God (worth 120 mln rubles). The invaders also stole church utensils and priestly vestments. The motive for these actions was the alleged desire to “save” the shrines from destruction by the Bolsheviks. The leadership of the Russian Orthodox Church has repeatedly raised the question of returning the valuables taken by the occupiers to the Romanian side. However, the problem has not been solved, though a small part of the property stolen by the invaders returned to the Moldovan churches.","PeriodicalId":54120,"journal":{"name":"Rusin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67579888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Galician–Volhynian Chronicle and a decline in the interest in the omens in the Old Rus population of the 13th century","authors":"D. Puzanov","doi":"10.17223/18572685/65/1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/18572685/65/1","url":null,"abstract":"The Galician–Volhynian Chronicle contains almost no descriptions of natural phenomena that other Russian chronicles perceive as omens – eclipses, comets, meteorites, diffraction phenomena, thunderstorms, etc. Even when any of these phenomena appears in the chronicle, the scribe remains indifferent to its mystical significance. A decline in the interest in predictions is typical of Old Rus literature of the 13th century, so the attitude of the southwestern scribes to omens is sometimes seen as the greatest manifestation of these tendencies. The author analyzes all three cases when the Galician–Volhynian Chronicle describes omens, focusing on the reasons why the scribes describe them. The perception of natural phenomena by the Galician– Volhynian chroniclers is compared with that of the scribes from other Russian lands. In all cases, the chroniclers of Southwestern Russia describe omens to emphasize heavenly protection of the Galician–Volhynian land and its princes. Omens in Old Rus were closely related to the theory of “executions and God's mercies.” The specificity of this theory’s rendition in the Galician–Volhynian Chronicle influenced the description of the omens. If other Old Rus chroniclers are most interested in the disasters that occurred in their own land, God in the chronicles of South-Western Rus punishes the enemies of the Galician–Volhynian land. Omens also work against enemies: when the plague falls on the native land, it should be perceived with courage and hope in God. Unlike other chroniclers, the Galician–Volhynian scribes valued good spirits more than contritition of the heart. The description of the omens could also be influenced by the focus of the chronicle on the subjects that change the world. If a certain phenomenon could not be associated with subsequent events, the scribe might not mention it as irrelevant.","PeriodicalId":54120,"journal":{"name":"Rusin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67580371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intertextuality in the novella Vasylko Rostyslavych by Volodymyr Birchak","authors":"O. Mizinkina","doi":"10.17223/18572685/65/10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17223/18572685/65/10","url":null,"abstract":"The article dwells on the personality of Volodymyr Birchak, outlining his activities, examining his creative heritage, and giving a brief overview of the studies of V. Birchak’s historical novellas. Emphasizing the polemics about the methods of artistic comprehension and interpretation of the events of Kievan Rus by V. Birchak, the author points out that intertextuality in the novella Vasilko Rostislavich has not become the subject of research by literary scholars yet. However, intertextuality is extremely indicative for V. Birchak’s novella under analysis, since it characterizes the writer as an expert on the monuments of Old Russian literature and demonstrates his style. The author determines different ways of referring to other texts in the novella: citing the original source, mentioning the title of a known text, combining the translation with direct citation of a fragment. Analyzing the situations in which other texts appear in Vasilko Rostislavich, the author notes that the most frequently cited texts are The Tale of Bygone Years, The Tale of Igor’s Campaign, Rus’ Justice, Pchela. Emphasizing the motivation for referring to the iconic texts of Ukrainian culture in the writer’s work, the author reveals the functions of such narratives in the novella under study. Intertextual connections and their dialogical relations are manifested both at the level of content and form. Further research can focus on intertextuality in other works about Kievan Rus.","PeriodicalId":54120,"journal":{"name":"Rusin","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67580381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}