Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-04-16DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00932
Lina Qin, Mengfei Zhu, Min Zhang, Junchuan Liang, Xingkai Ma, Pengbo Zhang, Daocheng Hong, Yaoda Wang, Yuxi Tian, Huapeng Sun, Zuoxiu Tie, Yan Xiong, Zhong Jin
{"title":"Pre-Embedded Potassium Acetate-Modified SnO2 Electron Transfer Layer for Efficient and Durable Perovskite Solar Cells","authors":"Lina Qin, Mengfei Zhu, Min Zhang, Junchuan Liang, Xingkai Ma, Pengbo Zhang, Daocheng Hong, Yaoda Wang, Yuxi Tian, Huapeng Sun, Zuoxiu Tie, Yan Xiong, Zhong Jin","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00932","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00932","url":null,"abstract":"Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional photovoltaic performances. However, their power conversion efficiency and stability are significantly hindered by lattice defects and nonradiative recombination losses at the interface between the perovskite film and electron transport layer (ETL). Herein, we report the incorporation of multifunctional potassium acetate (KAc) into SnO<sub>2</sub> ETL. Through thermal diffusion of K<sup>+</sup> and CH<sub>3</sub>COO<sup>–</sup> during annealing, these ions electrostatically penetrate the surface and grain boundary, effectively passivating the formation of bulk defects. The resulting KAc-SnO<sub>2</sub> ETL exhibited uniformity, low defect density, and high conductivity, providing an ideal ETL film for the subsequent deposition of perovskite films, thereby enhancing interfacial charge transfer and device efficiency. The optimized device achieved a PCE of 21.76%, a 14% increase over the control device (19.16%), and retained 88.9% of its initial PCE after 1000 h, offering a promising approach for scalable manufacturing in the perovskite industry.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Deciphering the Impact of Graphene Oxide Incorporation on Structural, Chemical, and Electrochemical Properties of Na2Fe(SO4)2 Cathode Materials","authors":"Hai-Dong Dai, Hua-Bin Sun, Ya-Nan Jiang, Yu-Wei Chen, Xiao-Kai Ding, Chien-Te Chen, Chang-Yang Kuo, Zhi-Wei Hu, Lu-Lu Zhang, Xue-Lin Yang","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c06048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c06048","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of polyanionic Na<sub>2</sub>Fe(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>2</sub> (NFS) cathode materials is hindered by their low electronic conductivity and is correlated to their structural and chemical instability. Herein, we incorporated graphene oxide (GO) to modify NFS materials, which can build a carbon layer on the surface and alleviate Na<sub>6</sub>Fe(SO<sub>4</sub>)<sub>4</sub> phase formation and Fe<sup>2+</sup> oxidation in the lattice. Meanwhile, the performance of NFS materials has been significantly improved, such as the capacity retention showing an increase from 56% to 87% after 200 cycles at 0.5 C with GO incorporation. Soft X-ray absorption spectra (sXAS) reveals that the bulk has higher reversibility of the reaction between Fe<sup>2+</sup> and Fe<sup>3+</sup> than the surface during cycling, which indicates the origin of cycling instability of NFS materials. These findings provide new insights into surface modification for the development of high performance NFS cathodes.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143841960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-04-16DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00441
Min Gong, Xiaobo Wang, You Wu, Liang Zhang, Xiang Lin, Zhen Wu, Dongrui Wang
{"title":"Jellyfish-Inspired Ultrastretchable, Adhesive, Self-Healing, and Photoswitchable Fluorescent Ionic Skin Enabled by a Supramolecular Zwitterionic Network","authors":"Min Gong, Xiaobo Wang, You Wu, Liang Zhang, Xiang Lin, Zhen Wu, Dongrui Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00441","url":null,"abstract":"Ionic hydrogels suit ionic skins, but advanced hydrogels are challenging. Inspired by jellyfish, we developed an ionic hydrogel with ultrastretchability, conductivity, adhesion, self-healing, and photoswitchable fluorescence via a supramolecular zwitterionic network. This hydrogel consists of silk fibroin, zwitterionic betaine analogue, biomineral calcium salts, and spiropyran in a dynamically cross-linked macromolecular network. Calcium ions facilitate electrical signal transmission and ionic interactions, while spiropyran enables photoswitchable color and fluorescence. Density functional theory and Fourier transform infrared analysis reveal abundant hydrogen bonding, ionic associations, and van der Waals forces, contributing to stretchability, adhesion, and self-healing, making them ideal for epidermal electrodes. The hydrogel also shows potential in optical printing and anti-counterfeiting applications due to spiropyran’s reversible photochromic and photoluminescent behaviors. Moreover, a jellyfish-like robot capable of electric-driven movement is created by using these features. This study enhances understanding of dynamic noncovalent interactions in zwitterionic networks, enriching hydrogel design principles and advancing intelligent ionic skins.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oscillatory Neural Network with Tunable Frequency for Brain-Inspired Neuromorphic Computing","authors":"Ye-Seong Chung, Seong-Yun Yun, Joon-Kyu Han, Yang-Kyu Choi","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00376","url":null,"abstract":"We present a silicon transistor-based oscillator with frequency tunability (SOFT) for brain-inspired neuromorphic computing. It consists of a single transistor-based oscillator (1T-O) and a single transistor-based resistor (1T-R), which is a nonvolatile memory device that provides conductance modulation to enable frequency tunability. Because the 1T-O and 1T-R are homologous metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs), they are structurally identical but function differently. We simultaneously integrated them on the same wafer using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication due to their homogeneity. We then demonstrate template matching by resistively coupling two SOFTs and classify temporal signals using first-harmonic injection locking (FHIL) with four SOFTs, leveraging their frequency tunability. This SOFT is well-suited for high-density oscillatory neural networks (ONNs) with low-cost CMOS fabrication, offering significant potential for energy-efficient and areal scalability.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"108 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Closed Pore Architecture and Sodium Cluster Deposit Visualization in Hard Carbon","authors":"Bobo Sun, Ruohan Yu, Yuxia Zhong, Jinshuai Liu, Zihe Wei, Xia Wang, Guangwan Zhang, Meng Huang, Lei Zhang, Qin Wang, Fei Lv, Liang Zhou","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01616","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving the full potential of hard carbon (HC) for sodium storage requires a deep understanding of its complex porous structure as well as charge storage mechanism. While the contribution of sodium deposition within HC pores to the overall capacity is recognized, detailed visualization and mechanistic understanding of this process remain challenging. This study leverages advanced electron microscopy techniques to probe the intricate pore architecture of HC and directly visualize sodium storage within its pores. By employing an HC material (PHC-1) with rich closed pores as the platform material, electron tomography is utilized to reconstruct the pore architecture of PHC-1, providing quantitative insights into porosity, pore size, and pore structure. Low-dose electron microscopy visualizes metastable sodium clusters filling up within the pores during sodiation. Complementary in-situ and ex-situ characterizations further elucidate the synergistic adsorption-intercalation-filling mechanism of PHC-1. This contribution provides significant insights into the structure–property correlation of HC.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-04-16DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01197
Haonan Li, Feilong Zhang, Duanda Wang, Shihang Luo, Zhuoli Ding, Han Bao, Sen Zhang, Chunyan Fan, Wei Ji, Shutao Wang
{"title":"Specific Cell Adhesion at Nano-Biointerfaces: Synergistic Effect of Topographical Matching and Molecular Recognition","authors":"Haonan Li, Feilong Zhang, Duanda Wang, Shihang Luo, Zhuoli Ding, Han Bao, Sen Zhang, Chunyan Fan, Wei Ji, Shutao Wang","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01197","url":null,"abstract":"Specific cell adhesion is essential for functional biointerfaces, especially in cancer diagnosis. However, the role of surface nanotopography in this process remains unclear. Herein, we reveal the critical role of surface nanotopography by measuring adhesion forces utilizing fluidic force microscopy (FluidFM). The antibody-coated nanospiky surface exhibits cell adhesion force 1 to 2 orders of magnitude higher than those of the flat, nanospiky, and antibody-coated flat surfaces. This amplified effect is related to a time-dependent reversal, with adhesion force on nanospiky surfaces initially weaker than that on flat surfaces but eventually surpassing it. Mathematical simulations further demonstrate that micro-nanostructured surfaces maximize contact points, enabling multiscale, multipoint cell–substrate interactions, consistent with experimental results. From thermodynamic and kinetic perspectives, we propose a multiscale, multipoint recognition model based on the synergistic effect of topographical matching and molecular recognition. Our findings provide valuable clues for biointerface design in cancer diagnosis, drug screening, and tissue engineering.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-04-16DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00965
Zirui Liu, Guanglong Wang, Lingmei Kong, Jihao Wang, Yuanzhi Wang, Pu Du, Lin Wang, Sheng Wang, Andrey L. Rogach, Xuyong Yang
{"title":"Simultaneous Regulation of Crystallization and Suppression of Oxidation in CsSnI3 Perovskite Enables Efficient and Stable Near-Infrared Light-Emitting Diodes","authors":"Zirui Liu, Guanglong Wang, Lingmei Kong, Jihao Wang, Yuanzhi Wang, Pu Du, Lin Wang, Sheng Wang, Andrey L. Rogach, Xuyong Yang","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00965","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00965","url":null,"abstract":"Tin-based halide perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs) emitting in the near-infrared region beyond 900 nm hold tremendous potential for applications in night vision, biomedicine, and communications. However, rapid crystallization and oxidation of Sn<sup>2+</sup> in tin-based perovskites pose significant challenges for achieving stable PeLEDs with high performance. Here, we report an efficient all-inorganic CsSnI<sub>3</sub>-based PeLED by employing a multifunctional hesperetin additive to modulate the crystallization kinetics and inhibit the oxidation process of the perovskite films. Hesperetin possesses hydroxyl groups alongside oxygen atoms offering lone electron pairs, which form hydrogen bonds with I<sup>–</sup> and strongly coordinate with Sn<sup>2+</sup>, respectively, slowing down crystallization of CsSnI<sub>3</sub> and resulting in high coverage density films. Importantly, the coordination of hesperetin with Sn<sup>2+</sup> protects the perovskite films from Sn<sup>2+</sup>-to-Sn<sup>4+</sup> oxidation. Finally, we demonstrate efficient and stable PeLEDs with a peak at 948 nm, an external quantum efficiency of 4.7%, and a half-lifetime of over 11 h.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-04-16DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00589
Bowen Sui, Zhihan Zhang, Xuemei Jiang, Songyuan Tao, Chunyu Pan, Bai Yang, Yunfeng Li
{"title":"Mechanically Strong Nanocolloidal Supramolecular Plastics Assembled from Carbonized Polymer Dots with Photoactivated Room-Temperature Phosphorescence","authors":"Bowen Sui, Zhihan Zhang, Xuemei Jiang, Songyuan Tao, Chunyu Pan, Bai Yang, Yunfeng Li","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c00589","url":null,"abstract":"The innovative development of supramolecular plastics (SPs) is recognized as one of the global efforts to address the environmental pollution caused by petroleum-based plastics. Traditional SPs usually show weak mechanical strength because of relatively weak noncovalent bonds and a lack of appropriate functions for practical applications. To overcome these limitations, we herein report nanocolloidal supramolecular plastics (NSPs) assembled from newly emerging nanoparticles, namely, carbonized polymer dots (CPDs) modified with ureido pyrimidinone groups. These NSPs display good mechanical properties, unique photoactivated room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP), and excellent solvent stability. Notably, NSPs are recyclable with maintenance of their original mechanics and photoactivated RTP after several usages. Furthermore, photoactivated RTP with multiple colors is achieved by incorporating organic molecules into NSPs. We show proof-of-concept applications of NSPs in high-level information security. The results in this work pave an avenue toward functional materials assembled from CPDs and will advance the development of innovative nanomaterials for sustainable applications.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-04-16DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01095
Sophia R. Dasaro, Lucas D. Johnson, Malinda Salim, Vincent He, David Amelemah, Ellie Ponsonby-Thomas, Bryce Barber, Wye-Khay Fong, Jonathan Caukwell, Elizabeth Peach, Ben Li, Livia Salvati Manni, Nigel Kirby, Gregory G. Warr, Robert K. Prud’homme, Ben J. Boyd, Kurt Ristroph
{"title":"Time-Resolved In Situ Small-Angle X-ray Scattering to Determine the Kinetics of Formation of Liquid Crystalline Structure in the Core of Polymeric Nanoparticles during and after Turbulent Mixing","authors":"Sophia R. Dasaro, Lucas D. Johnson, Malinda Salim, Vincent He, David Amelemah, Ellie Ponsonby-Thomas, Bryce Barber, Wye-Khay Fong, Jonathan Caukwell, Elizabeth Peach, Ben Li, Livia Salvati Manni, Nigel Kirby, Gregory G. Warr, Robert K. Prud’homme, Ben J. Boyd, Kurt Ristroph","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01095","url":null,"abstract":"The encapsulation of liquid crystalline phases, formed from biocompatible amphiphiles, into nanoparticles has emerged as a promising delivery strategy for hydrophilic and hydrophobic therapeutics. Strategies to characterize these delivery systems as a function of formulation parameters and aqueous environment post-manufacture are well-documented. A critical gap remains regarding the assembly kinetics and <i>in situ</i> dynamics of these systems using industrially relevant manufacturing techniques. Systematically investigating these characteristics is challenging: computational simulations are time-intensive and costly, while current <i>in situ</i> quantification techniques are limited in scalability and batch size. We here combine synchrotron small-angle X-ray scattering with Flash NanoPrecipitation, a scalable turbulent mixing technology, to capture time-resolved measurements of the formation of liquid crystal phases under nanoconfinement during and after nanoprecipitation. This technique reveals that self-assembly occurs in two steps, with internal liquid crystal self-assembly occurring on longer time scales (seconds to minutes) than initial nanoprecipitation (milliseconds) as a function of formulation parameters.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nano LettersPub Date : 2025-04-16DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01643
Yuxuan Ye, Yi Tao, Jikai Zhang, Hao Chen, Ziming Wang, Yu Shi, Qi Zhao, Yu Guo, Dashan Zhang, Bin Li, Zhiguo Du, Shubin Yang
{"title":"Solid Intercalation and Exfoliation of Cl-Terminated Multilayered MXenes toward O-Functionalized Single Layers","authors":"Yuxuan Ye, Yi Tao, Jikai Zhang, Hao Chen, Ziming Wang, Yu Shi, Qi Zhao, Yu Guo, Dashan Zhang, Bin Li, Zhiguo Du, Shubin Yang","doi":"10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.5c01643","url":null,"abstract":"Although ion intercalation is becoming a powerful strategy to produce expanded layered materials and atomic layers in aqueous or organic systems, it usually suffers from sluggish kinetics with a long intercalating time of several days. Here, we present a facile approach to produce O-functionalized single-layer MXenes by solid intercalation of Cl-terminated accordion-like MXenes in molten salts and subsequent exfoliation. The process involves the intercalation of metal cations (Li<sup>+</sup>, Na<sup>+</sup> and K<sup>+</sup>) and anions (CO<sub>3</sub><sup>2–</sup>) in molten salts, resulting in substitution with -O surface groups and formation of gases (CO<sub>2</sub>). Such unique solid intercalation significantly expands multilayered MXenes in 30 min with an enhancement of interlayer spacing from 11.2 to 12.7 Å, facilitating their easy exfoliation to single layers. The resultant O-functionalized MXenes have a highly expanded structure and elevated permittivity, achieving a reflection loss value of −50.5 dB at a thickness of 1.35 mm for electromagnetic wave absorption.","PeriodicalId":53,"journal":{"name":"Nano Letters","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}